Figure 2. Nativity of U.S. civilian labor force in IT occupations (all industries), 2010–14 average
Occupation	Percent native origin	Percent naturalized citizens	Percent noncitizens
All IT occupations	76.9	11.7	11.4
Computer programmers	75.6	13.5	10.8
Computer scientists and systems analysts, network systems analysts, and web developers	80.6	10.5	8.9
Software developers, applications and systems software	62.8	15.0	22.2
Computer and information systems managers	81.8	10.9	7.3
Computer hardware engineers	66.5	18.3	15.3
Computer support specialists	87.2	8.1	4.7
Database administrators	77.7	13.3	9.0
Network and computer systems administrators	85.3	9.1	5.6
Note: Because of rounding, percentages may not add up to 100. Source: IPUMS-USA and authors' calculations.