Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
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Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2023
41-4012 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products
Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers to businesses or groups of individuals. Work requires substantial knowledge of items sold.
National estimates for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products
Industry profile for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products
Geographic profile for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products
National estimates for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| Employment (1) |
Employment
RSE (3) |
Mean hourly
wage |
Mean annual
wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
| 1,288,920 |
0.6 % |
$ 38.70 |
$ 80,490 |
0.5 % |
Percentile wage estimates for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| Percentile |
10% |
25% |
50%
(Median) |
75% |
90% |
| Hourly Wage |
$ 17.90 |
$ 23.33 |
$ 31.56 |
$ 46.20 |
$ 63.95 |
| Annual Wage (2) |
$ 37,240 |
$ 48,520 |
$ 65,630 |
$ 96,090 |
$ 133,010 |
Industry profile for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products are provided.
For a list of all industries with employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods (4232, 4233, 4235, 4236, 4237, and 4239 only) |
235,560 |
15.79 |
$ 36.95 |
$ 76,860 |
| Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods (4244 and 4248 only) |
144,740 |
14.21 |
$ 36.27 |
$ 75,440 |
| Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers |
130,340 |
25.95 |
$ 43.86 |
$ 91,220 |
| Machinery, Equipment, and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers |
109,800 |
14.77 |
$ 37.92 |
$ 78,870 |
| Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods (4241, 4247, and 4249 only) |
62,830 |
11.54 |
$ 37.00 |
$ 76,960 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers |
130,340 |
25.95 |
$ 43.86 |
$ 91,220 |
| Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods (4232, 4233, 4235, 4236, 4237, and 4239 only) |
235,560 |
15.79 |
$ 36.95 |
$ 76,860 |
| Machinery, Equipment, and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers |
109,800 |
14.77 |
$ 37.92 |
$ 78,870 |
| Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods (4244 and 4248 only) |
144,740 |
14.21 |
$ 36.27 |
$ 75,440 |
| Apparel, Piece Goods, and Notions Merchant Wholesalers |
16,860 |
11.66 |
$ 35.93 |
$ 74,730 |
Top paying industries for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Web Search Portals, Libraries, Archives, and Other Information Services |
380 |
0.21 |
$ 73.86 |
$ 153,630 |
| Scientific Research and Development Services |
2,040 |
0.22 |
$ 63.58 |
$ 132,250 |
| Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers |
50 |
0.08 |
$ 58.81 |
$ 122,320 |
| Computer and Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing |
2,750 |
1.70 |
$ 58.66 |
$ 122,010 |
| Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services |
1,670 |
0.10 |
$ 54.23 |
$ 112,800 |
Geographic profile for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products are provided.
For a list of all areas with employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| California |
142,330 |
7.93 |
0.93 |
$ 40.56 |
$ 84,360 |
| Texas |
97,670 |
7.20 |
0.85 |
$ 36.66 |
$ 76,240 |
| Florida |
89,730 |
9.38 |
1.10 |
$ 36.15 |
$ 75,190 |
| New York |
68,860 |
7.33 |
0.86 |
$ 43.46 |
$ 90,400 |
| Illinois |
62,300 |
10.36 |
1.22 |
$ 37.00 |
$ 76,960 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Wisconsin |
35,700 |
12.37 |
1.46 |
$ 36.15 |
$ 75,180 |
| South Dakota |
5,390 |
12.12 |
1.43 |
$ 37.56 |
$ 78,120 |
| Minnesota |
32,210 |
11.18 |
1.32 |
$ 42.82 |
$ 89,060 |
| Ohio |
59,850 |
10.94 |
1.29 |
$ 39.89 |
$ 82,970 |
| Iowa |
16,720 |
10.82 |
1.27 |
$ 38.40 |
$ 79,860 |
Top paying states for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Rhode Island |
5,170 |
10.59 |
1.25 |
$ 47.92 |
$ 99,680 |
| Wyoming |
1,780 |
6.51 |
0.77 |
$ 44.51 |
$ 92,570 |
| New Jersey |
32,840 |
7.82 |
0.92 |
$ 44.36 |
$ 92,260 |
| New York |
68,860 |
7.33 |
0.86 |
$ 43.46 |
$ 90,400 |
| Pennsylvania |
56,930 |
9.57 |
1.13 |
$ 42.95 |
$ 89,330 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA |
68,010 |
7.16 |
0.84 |
$ 45.38 |
$ 94,380 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA |
56,540 |
9.14 |
1.08 |
$ 38.57 |
$ 80,230 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI |
45,620 |
10.12 |
1.19 |
$ 38.06 |
$ 79,160 |
| Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL |
31,070 |
11.42 |
1.35 |
$ 36.46 |
$ 75,840 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX |
30,230 |
7.62 |
0.90 |
$ 37.55 |
$ 78,110 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA |
26,410 |
9.37 |
1.10 |
$ 40.00 |
$ 83,190 |
| Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX |
25,740 |
8.10 |
0.95 |
$ 36.91 |
$ 76,760 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI |
21,470 |
11.23 |
1.32 |
$ 45.59 |
$ 94,840 |
| Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD |
19,770 |
6.99 |
0.82 |
$ 40.44 |
$ 84,120 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH |
19,530 |
7.07 |
0.83 |
$ 41.05 |
$ 85,390 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Elkhart-Goshen, IN |
2,600 |
18.98 |
2.24 |
$ 42.35 |
$ 88,090 |
| Oshkosh-Neenah, WI |
1,420 |
15.23 |
1.79 |
$ 32.11 |
$ 66,800 |
| Dalton, GA |
940 |
14.41 |
1.70 |
$ 38.57 |
$ 80,230 |
| Wausau, WI |
950 |
13.67 |
1.61 |
$ 35.08 |
$ 72,970 |
| Sioux Falls, SD |
2,210 |
13.35 |
1.57 |
$ 38.34 |
$ 79,760 |
| Lafayette, LA |
2,540 |
13.25 |
1.56 |
$ 34.53 |
$ 71,830 |
| Green Bay, WI |
2,240 |
13.08 |
1.54 |
$ 35.13 |
$ 73,060 |
| Appleton, WI |
1,610 |
12.98 |
1.53 |
$ 35.67 |
$ 74,200 |
| Fargo, ND-MN |
1,880 |
12.88 |
1.52 |
$ 37.22 |
$ 77,410 |
| Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI |
6,890 |
12.84 |
1.51 |
$ 38.18 |
$ 79,410 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA |
7,650 |
6.70 |
0.79 |
$ 56.21 |
$ 116,910 |
| Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT |
3,440 |
8.57 |
1.01 |
$ 48.87 |
$ 101,640 |
| Napa, CA |
820 |
10.51 |
1.24 |
$ 48.09 |
$ 100,020 |
| Boulder, CO |
2,230 |
11.45 |
1.35 |
$ 47.89 |
$ 99,610 |
| Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL |
380 |
6.86 |
0.81 |
$ 46.53 |
$ 96,790 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA |
14,740 |
6.08 |
0.72 |
$ 46.21 |
$ 96,110 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI |
21,470 |
11.23 |
1.32 |
$ 45.59 |
$ 94,840 |
| Providence-Warwick, RI-MA |
5,060 |
8.89 |
1.05 |
$ 45.58 |
$ 94,800 |
| Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ |
2,990 |
8.12 |
0.96 |
$ 45.52 |
$ 94,680 |
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA |
68,010 |
7.16 |
0.84 |
$ 45.38 |
$ 94,380 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Kansas nonmetropolitan area |
3,480 |
8.96 |
1.06 |
$ 34.89 |
$ 72,570 |
| North Northeastern Ohio nonmetropolitan area (noncontiguous) |
3,260 |
10.01 |
1.18 |
$ 38.48 |
$ 80,030 |
| Northern Indiana nonmetropolitan area |
2,290 |
10.75 |
1.27 |
$ 36.27 |
$ 75,450 |
| Balance of Lower Peninsula of Michigan nonmetropolitan area |
2,260 |
8.62 |
1.02 |
$ 37.70 |
$ 78,420 |
| Piedmont North Carolina nonmetropolitan area |
2,110 |
8.28 |
0.98 |
$ 35.02 |
$ 72,840 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products:
About May 2023 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia.
The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall.
The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate—50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median.
More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration.
A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OEWS estimates and related information:
May 2023 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Occupation Profiles
Technical Notes
Last Modified Date: April 3, 2024
United States Department of Labor
