HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING 30 COUNTRIES OR AREAS 40 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, SELECTED YEARS, 1975-2002 PRIMARY METAL MANUFACTURING (US SIC 33 & ISIC 37) IMPORTANT NOTE: DATA IN THE FOLLOWING TABLES ARE SUBJECT TO LIMITATIONS THAT ARE DESCRIBED IN THE INTRODUCTION AND IN THE COUNTRY NOTES. THE INTRODUCTION AND COUNTRY NOTES CAN BE ACCESSED AT: ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ForeignLabor/indnotes.txt. General Notes: The measures for total manufacturing were published in news release USDL 03-507, "International Comparisons of Hourly Compensation Costs for Production Workers in Manufacturing, 2002," September 26, 2003. The measures for individual manufacturing industries are less reliable than the total manufacturing data because there are more technical limitations associated with them. For more information about limitations, see the Technical Notes and Country Notes. The measures in these tables are shown according to the U.S. 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) for every U.S. two-digit level industry and selected three-digit industries. Data are also shown for two-digit level International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Rev. 2 industry groups. Currently, data are unavailable for the latest years for several countries in which there have been recent changes in wage surveys or in industrial classification. Additional revisions to this database will be made on an SIC basis. In the future, this database will be converted to a NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) basis. Note: Hourly compensation costs in national currency for countries that are members of the European Monetary Union (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain) are expressed in the national currency used in each country prior to the implementation of the euro for 1975-1998, and in euros for 1999-2002. More information about national currency units and exchange rates used in these tables is on page 136. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Prepared By: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Productivity And Technology, May 18, 2004. HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 77 PRIMARY METAL MANUFACTURING (US SIC 33 & ISIC 37) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 43 41 37 23 25 20 .. CANADA.................. .. .. 83 108 102 94 93 96 94 87 89 86 80 78 MEXICO.................. .. .. 14 13 16 17 10 11 12 13 13 15 16 15 AUSTRALIA............... 71 67 53 77 65 76 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ISRAEL.................. 30 31 27 39 35 35 41 42 45 44 43 45 44 38 JAPAN................... 51 55 53 97 123 131 139 120 109 100 114 117 97 85 KOREA................... 6 10 11 28 35 36 40 46 41 28 32 36 29 33 TAIWAN.................. 6 10 11 29 32 33 33 32 31 28 31 33 31 27 AUSTRIA................. 65 75 53 108 107 111 129 125 109 110 106 92 85 87 BELGIUM................. 90 116 62 122 125 134 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 75 74 45 88 84 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 58 66 54 123 85 #96 #124 122 105 107 103 90 86 .. FRANCE.................. 61 70 50 92 86 87 95 93 83 84 81 71 68 72 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 80 94 61 122 123 127 149 146 128 128 122 109 101 106 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 124 118 105 77 80 GREECE.................. 30 44 32 55 49 49 57 58 55 47 .. .. .. .. ITALY................... 62 64 51 103 82 80 81 89 83 81 77 66 61 65 NETHERLANDS............. 89 99 56 109 108 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. .. 85 63 116 97 100 113 118 110 111 108 97 94 109 SPAIN (1)............... .. .. .. 75 70 68 75 75 69 71 68 59 54 57 SWEDEN.................. 93 94 60 116 83 #86 99 114 103 102 98 89 76 80 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 42 54 38 70 61 62 65 69 76 82 80 76 70 72 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excluding foundries. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 78 PRIMARY METAL MANUFACTURING (US SIC 33 & ISIC 37) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 8.80 14.58 17.63 19.72 22.29 22.83 23.30 23.35 23.61 23.76 24.21 24.98 26.60 27.56 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.08 9.76 8.86 5.56 6.26 5.26 .. CANADA.................. .. .. 14.55 21.26 22.77 21.40 21.71 22.40 22.15 20.68 21.50 21.44 21.33 21.43 MEXICO.................. .. .. 2.45 2.63 3.66 3.84 2.38 2.47 2.91 3.00 3.27 3.78 4.25 4.24 AUSTRALIA............... 6.28 9.71 9.35 15.27 14.48 17.29 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ISRAEL.................. 2.65 4.51 4.76 7.71 7.69 7.99 9.45 9.80 10.52 10.49 10.36 11.21 11.65 10.36 JAPAN................... 4.48 8.09 9.37 19.04 27.40 30.01 32.50 27.92 25.75 23.82 27.59 29.18 25.74 23.32 KOREA................... 0.49 1.39 1.89 5.52 7.88 8.22 9.43 10.69 9.57 6.54 7.74 8.92 7.71 9.09 TAIWAN.................. 0.55 1.45 1.99 5.77 7.05 7.43 7.78 7.59 7.43 6.75 7.54 8.17 8.26 7.44 AUSTRIA................. 5.68 10.94 9.30 21.24 23.95 25.29 30.00 29.28 25.79 26.06 25.68 23.07 22.72 24.10 BELGIUM................. 7.93 16.95 10.98 24.06 27.96 30.55 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 6.64 10.84 7.93 17.27 18.71 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 5.13 9.68 9.57 24.18 18.96 #22.02 #28.99 28.45 24.73 25.41 24.95 22.54 22.75 .. FRANCE.................. 5.35 10.24 8.73 18.09 19.12 19.81 22.13 21.68 19.60 19.91 19.56 17.64 17.96 19.71 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 7.06 13.72 10.74 23.99 27.33 28.96 34.69 34.01 30.23 30.31 29.57 27.18 26.99 29.10 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29.42 28.67 26.34 20.36 22.05 GREECE.................. 2.66 6.38 5.67 10.90 10.88 11.20 13.20 13.55 12.94 11.10 .. .. .. .. ITALY................... 5.49 9.39 8.93 20.34 18.26 18.29 18.94 20.71 19.67 19.26 18.71 16.57 16.36 17.82 NETHERLANDS............. 7.83 14.39 9.92 21.45 23.97 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. .. 12.43 11.14 22.85 21.71 22.94 26.34 27.51 26.01 26.39 26.05 24.27 25.08 29.94 SPAIN (1)............... .. .. .. 14.81 15.64 15.57 17.43 17.62 16.20 16.91 16.54 14.65 14.49 15.62 SWEDEN.................. 8.16 13.72 10.62 22.79 18.42 #19.63 23.06 26.64 24.40 24.28 23.71 22.15 20.21 22.15 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 3.71 7.90 6.75 13.74 13.51 14.27 15.24 16.10 17.92 19.39 19.24 19.03 18.56 19.75 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excluding foundries. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 79 PRIMARY METAL MANUFACTURING (US SIC 33 & ISIC 37) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 8.80 14.58 17.63 19.72 22.29 22.83 23.30 23.35 23.61 23.76 24.21 24.98 26.60 27.56 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.13 10.52 10.29 10.13 11.45 12.37 .. CANADA.................. .. .. 19.88 24.81 29.38 29.23 29.81 30.56 30.68 30.69 31.95 31.85 33.03 33.64 MEXICO.................. .. .. 629.4 7397 #11.39 12.97 15.28 18.76 23.07 27.48 31.20 35.79 39.66 40.97 AUSTRALIA............... 4.80 8.52 13.35 19.56 21.30 23.63 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ISRAEL.................. 1.70 23.13 #5.61 15.55 21.77 24.07 28.46 31.29 36.28 39.84 42.88 45.69 48.99 49.09 JAPAN................... 1330 1826 2235 2761 3044 3067 3054 3037 3118 3121 3137 3145 3129 2920 KOREA................... 237.9 845.1 1645 3910 6324 6605 7276 8603 9098 9156 9210 10094 9960 11366 TAIWAN.................. 20.93 52.13 79.47 155.5 186.2 196.8 206.2 208.5 214.0 226.6 243.6 255.4 279.4 257.1 AUSTRIA................. 98.83 141.5 192.4 240.7 278.8 288.6 302.4 310.1 314.9 322.6 #24.11 24.99 25.38 25.49 BELGIUM................. 291.1 495.0 651.7 804.2 966.8 1021 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 38.09 61.03 84.01 106.9 121.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 18.79 35.99 59.31 92.60 108.5 #115.2 #126.9 130.7 128.5 135.8 #23.42 24.41 25.41 .. FRANCE.................. 22.89 43.21 78.44 98.52 108.4 109.9 110.4 110.9 114.4 117.5 #18.36 19.11 20.07 20.85 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 17.34 24.91 31.60 38.80 45.23 46.97 49.68 51.19 52.45 53.34 #27.76 29.44 30.15 30.78 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 51.77 #26.91 28.54 22.74 23.32 GREECE.................. 85.86 271.9 783.2 1728 2494 2716 3059 3261 3534 3280 .. .. .. .. ITALY................... 3581 8025 17048 24368 28727 29467 30860 31960 33523 33463 #17.56 17.95 18.27 18.85 NETHERLANDS............. 19.75 28.56 32.91 39.08 44.53 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. .. 61.33 95.76 142.9 154.1 161.9 166.9 177.7 184.3 199.3 203.4 213.9 225.7 239.0 SPAIN (1)............... .. .. .. 1510 1993 2085 2171 2233 2374 2527 #15.53 15.87 16.19 16.53 SWEDEN.................. 33.78 58.02 91.40 135.0 143.6 #151.4 164.7 178.7 186.5 193.0 #196.2 203.2 209.0 215.3 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 1.67 3.40 5.20 7.70 9.00 9.31 9.66 10.31 10.94 11.70 11.90 12.55 12.89 13.16 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excluding foundries. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004