For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Tuesday, January 13, 2015	USDL-15-0015

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                    JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – NOVEMBER 2014

There were 5.0 million job openings on the last business day of November, little changed from 4.8 
million in October, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires (5.0 million) were little 
changed and separations (4.6 million) declined in November. Within separations, the quits rate (1.9 
percent) was unchanged and the layoffs and discharges rate (1.2 percent) was little changed. This release 
includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector 
by industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

There were 5.0 million job openings on the last business day of November. The job openings rate was 
3.4 percent. The number of job openings was little changed for total private and increased for 
government in November. (See table 1.) Job openings increased for nondurable goods manufacturing 
and for state and local government. The number of job openings was little changed in all four regions.

The number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in 
November for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Job openings increased over the year for 
many industries, including professional and business services, health care and social assistance, and 
accommodation and food services. Job openings decreased in arts, entertainment, and recreation. The 
number of openings increased over the year in all four regions. (See table 7.)

Hires

There were 5.0 million hires in November, little changed from October. The hires rate in November was 
3.6 percent. The number of hires was little changed for total private and government. Hires decreased 
over the month in professional and business services and in the West region. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in November, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) increased for 
total nonfarm and total private, and was little changed for government. Hires increased over the year in 
several industries, including retail trade and accommodation and food services. The number of hires 
increased in the Northeast and Midwest regions. (See table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.6 million total separations in November, down from October. The separations rate was 
3.3 percent in November. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and 
government and decreased in the Northeast region. (See table 3.)

There were 2.6 million quits in November, little changed from October. The quits rate in November was 
1.9 percent. The number of quits was little changed for total private and decreased for government. 
Quits decreased in durable goods manufacturing, professional and business services, and state and local 
government.  The number of quits was little changed in all four regions. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in November for 
total nonfarm and total private and was unchanged for government. Over the year, quits increased for 
many industries, including both health care and social assistance and accommodation and food services. 
The number of quits also increased over the year in the South region. (See table 10.)

There were 1.6 million layoffs and discharges in November, little changed from October. The rate was 
1.2 percent in November. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the month for 
total private and government, and fell in the Northeast region. (See table 5.) Seasonally adjusted 
estimates of layoffs and discharges are not available for individual industries.

The number of layoffs and discharges (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months 
ending in November for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and 
discharges increased over the year in mining and logging and in the Midwest region. (See table 11.)

In November, there were 393,000 other separations for total nonfarm, little changed from October. 
Over the month, the number of other separations was little changed for total private at 331,000 and for 
government at 62,000. (See table 6.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not available 
for individual industries or regions.

Over the 12 months ending in November, the number of other separations (not seasonally adjusted) 
was little changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Other separations fell over the year 
for information and was little changed in all four regions. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in November 2014, hires totaled 57.6 
million and separations totaled 54.9 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.7 million. These 
figures include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________	
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for December 2014 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, February 10, 2015 at 10:00 a.m. (EST).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category	Job openings			Hires			Total separations
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY (in thousands)
Total	4,126	4,830	4,972	4,574	5,101	4,990	4,316	4,863	4,623
Total private(1)	3,757	4,409	4,512	4,286	4,797	4,688	4,028	4,554	4,335
Construction	165	141	145	299	320	308	275	304	291
Manufacturing	298	287	318	269	276	259	228	260	223
Durable goods	175	182	191	147	169	153	126	149	128
Nondurable goods	123	105	127	122	108	106	103	110	95
Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)	786	832	876	1,012	1,135	1,119	933	1,052	1,046
Retail trade	439	460	509	694	778	778	668	720	720
Professional and business services	750	966	1,046	950	1,110	998	888	1,074	923
Education and health services(3)	682	850	822	522	589	578	492	564	530
Health care and social assistance	610	764	735	448	507	507	416	484	464
Leisure and hospitality	562	715	639	792	899	907	761	840	832
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	84	57	42	141	150	132	127	133	128
Accommodation and food services	477	658	597	651	749	775	634	707	704
Government(4)	369	421	459	288	304	303	287	309	287
State and local	313	361	403	249	275	266	253	276	248
RATES BY INDUSTRY (percent)
Total	2.9	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.7	3.6	3.1	3.5	3.3
Total private(1)	3.2	3.6	3.7	3.7	4.1	4.0	3.5	3.9	3.7
Construction	2.7	2.3	2.3	5.1	5.3	5.0	4.7	5.0	4.8
Manufacturing	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.2	2.3	2.1	1.9	2.1	1.8
Durable goods	2.3	2.3	2.4	1.9	2.2	2.0	1.7	1.9	1.7
Nondurable goods	2.7	2.3	2.8	2.7	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)	2.9	3.0	3.2	3.9	4.3	4.2	3.6	4.0	3.9
Retail trade	2.8	2.9	3.2	4.6	5.0	5.0	4.4	4.7	4.6
Professional and business services	3.8	4.7	5.1	5.0	5.7	5.1	4.7	5.5	4.7
Education and health services(3)	3.1	3.8	3.7	2.5	2.7	2.7	2.3	2.6	2.4
Health care and social assistance	3.3	4.0	3.9	2.5	2.8	2.8	2.3	2.7	2.5
Leisure and hospitality	3.8	4.6	4.1	5.5	6.1	6.1	5.3	5.7	5.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	3.9	2.6	1.9	6.8	7.1	6.2	6.1	6.3	6.0
Accommodation and food services	3.7	5.0	4.5	5.3	5.9	6.1	5.1	5.6	5.6
Government(4)	1.7	1.9	2.1	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.3
State and local	1.6	1.8	2.1	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.3
Footnotes (1) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (2) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (3) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (4) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (p) Preliminary

Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	4,126	4,605	4,853	4,685	4,830	4,972	2.9	3.2	3.4	3.2	3.3	3.4
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	3,757	4,129	4,411	4,219	4,409	4,512	3.2	3.4	3.6	3.5	3.6	3.7
Construction	165	139	121	112	141	145	2.7	2.2	2.0	1.8	2.3	2.3
Manufacturing	298	293	296	293	287	318	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.5
Durable goods	175	195	179	179	182	191	2.3	2.5	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.4
Nondurable goods	123	97	118	115	105	127	2.7	2.1	2.6	2.5	2.3	2.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	786	806	821	803	832	876	2.9	3.0	3.0	2.9	3.0	3.2
Retail trade	439	473	500	493	460	509	2.8	3.0	3.1	3.1	2.9	3.2
Professional and business services	750	880	928	941	966	1,046	3.8	4.4	4.6	4.6	4.7	5.1
Education and health services(6)	682	826	866	872	850	822	3.1	3.7	3.9	3.9	3.8	3.7
Health care and social assistance	610	746	789	776	764	735	3.3	4.0	4.2	4.1	4.0	3.9
Leisure and hospitality	562	622	700	661	715	639	3.8	4.1	4.6	4.3	4.6	4.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	84	63	71	52	57	42	3.9	2.9	3.3	2.4	2.6	1.9
Accommodation and food services	477	559	629	608	658	597	3.7	4.3	4.8	4.6	5.0	4.5
Government(7)	369	476	443	466	421	459	1.7	2.1	2.0	2.1	1.9	2.1
State and local	313	421	378	395	361	403	1.6	2.2	1.9	2.0	1.8	2.1
REGION(8)
Northeast	692	765	796	769	767	800	2.6	2.8	3.0	2.9	2.8	3.0
South	1,535	1,722	1,897	1,816	1,875	1,922	3.0	3.3	3.6	3.5	3.6	3.6
Midwest	941	1,087	1,076	1,064	1,077	1,125	2.9	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.4
West	957	1,031	1,084	1,035	1,110	1,124	3.0	3.2	3.4	3.2	3.4	3.5
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	4,574	4,934	4,742	5,075	5,101	4,990	3.3	3.6	3.4	3.6	3.7	3.6
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	4,286	4,651	4,450	4,764	4,797	4,688	3.7	4.0	3.8	4.1	4.1	4.0
Construction	299	371	330	284	320	308	5.1	6.1	5.4	4.7	5.3	5.0
Manufacturing	269	259	236	279	276	259	2.2	2.1	1.9	2.3	2.3	2.1
Durable goods	147	155	139	160	169	153	1.9	2.0	1.8	2.1	2.2	2.0
Nondurable goods	122	103	97	119	108	106	2.7	2.3	2.2	2.7	2.4	2.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	1,012	1,090	1,011	1,020	1,135	1,119	3.9	4.1	3.8	3.8	4.3	4.2
Retail trade	694	758	686	693	778	778	4.6	4.9	4.5	4.5	5.0	5.0
Professional and business services	950	1,012	1,049	1,168	1,110	998	5.0	5.3	5.4	6.0	5.7	5.1
Education and health services(6)	522	555	514	636	589	578	2.5	2.6	2.4	2.9	2.7	2.7
Health care and social assistance	448	485	437	543	507	507	2.5	2.7	2.4	3.0	2.8	2.8
Leisure and hospitality	792	852	845	887	899	907	5.5	5.8	5.8	6.0	6.1	6.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	141	138	136	142	150	132	6.8	6.6	6.5	6.7	7.1	6.2
Accommodation and food services	651	714	709	745	749	775	5.3	5.7	5.6	5.9	5.9	6.1
Government(7)	288	282	293	311	304	303	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4
State and local	249	252	265	281	275	266	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.4
REGION(8)
Northeast	696	793	728	827	776	794	2.7	3.0	2.8	3.2	3.0	3.0
South	1,824	1,945	1,872	1,971	2,017	1,953	3.7	3.9	3.7	3.9	4.0	3.8
Midwest	1,022	1,119	1,018	1,139	1,160	1,226	3.3	3.6	3.2	3.6	3.7	3.9
West	1,032	1,077	1,124	1,139	1,149	1,018	3.4	3.5	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.3
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	4,316	4,629	4,531	4,809	4,863	4,623	3.1	3.3	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.3
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	4,028	4,369	4,247	4,500	4,554	4,335	3.5	3.7	3.6	3.8	3.9	3.7
Construction	275	331	316	263	304	291	4.7	5.5	5.2	4.3	5.0	4.8
Manufacturing	228	231	237	256	260	223	1.9	1.9	1.9	2.1	2.1	1.8
Durable goods	126	137	134	142	149	128	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.7
Nondurable goods	103	95	103	115	110	95	2.3	2.1	2.3	2.6	2.5	2.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	933	1,031	987	977	1,052	1,046	3.6	3.9	3.7	3.7	4.0	3.9
Retail trade	668	723	681	679	720	720	4.4	4.7	4.4	4.4	4.7	4.6
Professional and business services	888	946	974	1,088	1,074	923	4.7	4.9	5.0	5.6	5.5	4.7
Education and health services(6)	492	524	484	578	564	530	2.3	2.4	2.2	2.7	2.6	2.4
Health care and social assistance	416	450	410	495	484	464	2.3	2.5	2.3	2.7	2.7	2.5
Leisure and hospitality	761	827	818	861	840	832	5.3	5.7	5.6	5.9	5.7	5.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	127	126	142	136	133	128	6.1	6.0	6.8	6.4	6.3	6.0
Accommodation and food services	634	702	675	725	707	704	5.1	5.6	5.4	5.8	5.6	5.6
Government(7)	287	260	284	308	309	287	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.3
State and local	253	235	259	277	276	248	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.3
REGION(8)
Northeast	659	717	715	756	779	665	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.9	3.0	2.5
South	1,680	1,835	1,827	1,943	1,928	1,862	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.7
Midwest	941	1,016	996	1,065	1,115	1,092	3.0	3.2	3.2	3.4	3.5	3.5
West	1,036	1,061	993	1,044	1,042	1,004	3.4	3.4	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.2
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	2,448	2,547	2,510	2,735	2,712	2,618	1.8	1.8	1.8	2.0	1.9	1.9
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	2,325	2,413	2,364	2,574	2,561	2,493	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.2	2.1
Construction	75	107	127	109	106	96	1.3	1.8	2.1	1.8	1.7	1.6
Manufacturing	120	127	121	131	130	102	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1	0.8
Durable goods	66	70	68	73	76	53	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.7
Nondurable goods	54	57	54	59	54	49	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	559	580	554	565	609	632	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.3	2.4
Retail trade	410	428	406	402	439	453	2.7	2.8	2.6	2.6	2.8	2.9
Professional and business services	500	470	454	572	519	428	2.7	2.4	2.3	3.0	2.7	2.2
Education and health services(6)	283	348	297	343	349	349	1.3	1.6	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.6
Health care and social assistance	250	310	263	305	301	314	1.4	1.7	1.4	1.7	1.7	1.7
Leisure and hospitality	540	529	549	566	568	599	3.7	3.6	3.7	3.9	3.8	4.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	53	53	53	53	52	53	2.6	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5
Accommodation and food services	487	477	496	513	516	547	3.9	3.8	3.9	4.1	4.1	4.3
Government(7)	124	134	145	161	152	125	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.6
State and local	113	125	139	150	141	111	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.6
REGION(8)
Northeast	344	339	339	372	374	358	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4
South	1,007	1,040	1,030	1,119	1,152	1,112	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.3	2.2
Midwest	551	590	597	665	584	589	1.8	1.9	1.9	2.1	1.9	1.9
West	547	578	544	579	603	559	1.8	1.9	1.7	1.9	1.9	1.8
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	1,511	1,726	1,619	1,653	1,757	1,612	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.2
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	1,419	1,657	1,547	1,573	1,670	1,512	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.3
Construction	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Manufacturing	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Durable goods	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nondurable goods	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Retail trade	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Professional and business services	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Education and health services(6)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Health care and social assistance	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Leisure and hospitality	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Accommodation and food services	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Government(7)	92	70	72	81	87	100	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.5
State and local	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
REGION(8)
Northeast	252	321	296	300	332	244	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.3	0.9
South	551	634	639	645	605	602	1.1	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.2
Midwest	304	358	332	336	465	413	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.5	1.3
West	404	413	352	371	355	353	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.1
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
- Data not available.

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	356	356	402	420	394	393	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	285	299	335	354	323	331	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Construction	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Manufacturing	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Durable goods	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nondurable goods	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Retail trade	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Professional and business services	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Education and health services(6)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Health care and social assistance	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Leisure and hospitality	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Accommodation and food services	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Government(7)	71	57	66	66	71	62	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
State and local	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
REGION(8)
Northeast	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
South	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Midwest	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
West	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
- Data not available.

Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	3,723	5,077	4,559	2.6	3.5	3.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,380	4,668	4,139	2.8	3.8	3.4
Mining and logging	16	36	25	1.8	3.7	2.7
Construction	122	147	115	2.0	2.3	1.8
Manufacturing	259	289	289	2.1	2.3	2.3
Durable goods	153	177	172	2.0	2.2	2.2
Nondurable goods	106	111	117	2.3	2.4	2.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	697	906	794	2.6	3.3	2.8
Wholesale trade	145	167	168	2.4	2.7	2.8
Retail trade	387	540	458	2.4	3.4	2.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	166	199	168	3.1	3.6	3.1
Information	127	91	106	4.5	3.3	3.8
Financial activities	188	354	314	2.3	4.2	3.8
Finance and insurance	153	286	254	2.5	4.6	4.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	35	68	60	1.7	3.2	2.9
Professional and business services	725	1,045	1,029	3.7	5.1	5.0
Education and health services	640	892	769	2.9	3.9	3.4
Educational services	67	92	82	1.8	2.5	2.2
Health care and social assistance	573	799	687	3.1	4.2	3.6
Leisure and hospitality	486	720	558	3.3	4.7	3.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	75	57	35	3.8	2.7	1.8
Accommodation and food services	412	663	523	3.3	5.0	4.0
Other services	119	188	137	2.1	3.3	2.4
Government	344	409	420	1.5	1.8	1.8
Federal	52	56	49	1.9	2.0	1.8
State and local	292	353	371	1.5	1.8	1.8
REGION(3)
Northeast	624	834	725	2.3	3.1	2.7
South	1,329	1,952	1,684	2.6	3.7	3.2
Midwest	882	1,115	1,078	2.7	3.4	3.3
West	887	1,176	1,071	2.8	3.6	3.3
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	4,165	5,415	4,575	3.0	3.8	3.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,945	5,136	4,342	3.4	4.3	3.7
Mining and logging	19	32	26	2.2	3.4	2.8
Construction	218	325	227	3.6	5.1	3.6
Manufacturing	219	281	212	1.8	2.3	1.7
Durable goods	124	168	129	1.6	2.2	1.7
Nondurable goods	95	113	84	2.1	2.5	1.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,250	1,370	1,377	4.7	5.1	5.1
Wholesale trade	88	164	113	1.5	2.8	1.9
Retail trade	907	978	1,020	5.8	6.3	6.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	255	228	244	4.9	4.3	4.6
Information	66	87	64	2.4	3.2	2.4
Financial activities	153	190	192	1.9	2.4	2.4
Finance and insurance	104	128	133	1.8	2.2	2.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	49	61	58	2.5	3.0	2.8
Professional and business services	859	1,180	911	4.5	6.0	4.6
Education and health services	410	626	459	1.9	2.9	2.1
Educational services	46	86	40	1.3	2.4	1.1
Health care and social assistance	363	541	418	2.0	3.0	2.3
Leisure and hospitality	621	864	717	4.4	5.9	4.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	109	122	99	5.7	5.8	5.0
Accommodation and food services	512	743	618	4.2	5.9	4.9
Other services	131	182	157	2.4	3.3	2.8
Government	221	278	233	1.0	1.2	1.0
Federal	37	27	42	1.3	1.0	1.6
State and local	184	251	190	0.9	1.3	1.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	617	801	714	2.4	3.0	2.7
South	1,664	2,170	1,794	3.3	4.2	3.5
Midwest	917	1,205	1,124	2.9	3.8	3.5
West	967	1,238	943	3.1	3.9	3.0
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	3,798	5,044	4,065	2.7	3.6	2.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,608	4,792	3,863	3.1	4.0	3.2
Mining and logging	20	33	30	2.3	3.6	3.2
Construction	294	354	308	4.9	5.6	4.9
Manufacturing	198	276	198	1.6	2.3	1.6
Durable goods	106	154	114	1.4	2.0	1.5
Nondurable goods	92	122	84	2.1	2.7	1.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	817	1,065	912	3.1	4.0	3.4
Wholesale trade	96	172	138	1.7	2.9	2.3
Retail trade	591	710	634	3.8	4.6	4.0
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	130	183	139	2.5	3.5	2.6
Information	58	84	60	2.2	3.1	2.2
Financial activities	146	180	161	1.8	2.3	2.0
Finance and insurance	93	118	102	1.6	2.0	1.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	52	63	58	2.6	3.0	2.8
Professional and business services	825	1,103	855	4.3	5.6	4.3
Education and health services	380	519	410	1.8	2.4	1.9
Educational services	43	57	36	1.2	1.6	1.0
Health care and social assistance	337	462	374	1.9	2.5	2.0
Leisure and hospitality	711	992	768	5.0	6.7	5.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	151	178	149	7.9	8.5	7.6
Accommodation and food services	560	814	619	4.6	6.4	4.9
Other services	157	185	163	2.9	3.3	2.9
Government	190	252	201	0.9	1.1	0.9
Federal	26	34	33	1.0	1.2	1.2
State and local	164	218	169	0.8	1.1	0.9
REGION(3)
Northeast	590	828	575	2.3	3.1	2.2
South	1,411	1,988	1,557	2.8	3.9	3.0
Midwest	869	1,141	1,044	2.8	3.6	3.3
West	927	1,087	889	3.0	3.5	2.8
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	2,017	2,804	2,179	1.5	2.0	1.5
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,931	2,672	2,091	1.7	2.3	1.8
Mining and logging	10	18	12	1.1	1.9	1.3
Construction	58	120	69	1.0	1.9	1.1
Manufacturing	94	136	79	0.8	1.1	0.6
Durable goods	50	82	40	0.7	1.1	0.5
Nondurable goods	44	54	39	1.0	1.2	0.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	474	640	544	1.8	2.4	2.0
Wholesale trade	51	94	78	0.9	1.6	1.3
Retail trade	350	457	393	2.2	3.0	2.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	72	88	73	1.4	1.7	1.4
Information	30	53	37	1.1	2.0	1.4
Financial activities	69	112	89	0.9	1.4	1.1
Finance and insurance	46	72	51	0.8	1.2	0.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	23	40	38	1.2	1.9	1.8
Professional and business services	446	535	382	2.4	2.7	1.9
Education and health services	222	344	277	1.0	1.6	1.3
Educational services	21	40	20	0.6	1.1	0.6
Health care and social assistance	201	304	256	1.1	1.7	1.4
Leisure and hospitality	434	615	504	3.1	4.2	3.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	39	53	39	2.0	2.5	2.0
Accommodation and food services	396	562	465	3.2	4.4	3.7
Other services	94	97	99	1.7	1.8	1.8
Government	87	132	87	0.4	0.6	0.4
Federal	8	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
State and local	79	122	78	0.4	0.6	0.4
REGION(3)
Northeast	272	388	291	1.0	1.5	1.1
South	831	1,179	927	1.7	2.3	1.8
Midwest	464	607	497	1.5	1.9	1.6
West	449	629	464	1.5	2.0	1.5
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	1,508	1,877	1,583	1.1	1.3	1.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,447	1,803	1,508	1.2	1.5	1.3
Mining and logging	8	13	16	1.0	1.4	1.7
Construction	229	209	221	3.8	3.3	3.6
Manufacturing	90	114	108	0.7	0.9	0.9
Durable goods	48	56	68	0.6	0.7	0.9
Nondurable goods	42	58	40	0.9	1.3	0.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	276	318	283	1.0	1.2	1.0
Wholesale trade	39	56	53	0.7	0.9	0.9
Retail trade	190	184	177	1.2	1.2	1.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	47	78	52	0.9	1.5	1.0
Information	20	26	18	0.7	1.0	0.7
Financial activities	51	49	43	0.6	0.6	0.5
Finance and insurance	30	37	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	21	12	18	1.0	0.6	0.9
Professional and business services	342	510	418	1.8	2.6	2.1
Education and health services	126	142	105	0.6	0.7	0.5
Educational services	18	13	12	0.5	0.4	0.3
Health care and social assistance	108	129	93	0.6	0.7	0.5
Leisure and hospitality	246	349	235	1.7	2.4	1.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	110	123	108	5.7	5.9	5.5
Accommodation and food services	136	226	128	1.1	1.8	1.0
Other services	59	73	61	1.1	1.3	1.1
Government	61	74	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Federal	10	14	13	0.4	0.5	0.5
State and local	51	60	62	0.3	0.3	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	274	369	248	1.1	1.4	0.9
South	487	647	518	1.0	1.3	1.0
Midwest	341	480	475	1.1	1.5	1.5
West	406	381	343	1.3	1.2	1.1
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014(p)
Total	273	363	303	0.2	0.3	0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	230	317	264	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mining and logging	2	2	2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Construction	6	24	17	0.1	0.4	0.3
Manufacturing	15	27	11	0.1	0.2	0.1
Durable goods	8	17	6	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nondurable goods	7	9	4	0.2	0.2	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	68	108	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Wholesale trade	6	22	7	0.1	0.4	0.1
Retail trade	51	69	64	0.3	0.4	0.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	11	16	13	0.2	0.3	0.3
Information	9	4	4	0.3	0.2	0.2
Financial activities	26	20	29	0.3	0.2	0.4
Finance and insurance	17	9	27	0.3	0.2	0.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	8	10	3	0.4	0.5	0.1
Professional and business services	37	58	55	0.2	0.3	0.3
Education and health services	33	33	29	0.2	0.1	0.1
Educational services	4	4	4	0.1	0.1	0.1
Health care and social assistance	29	28	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Leisure and hospitality	31	28	28	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	3	2	2	0.2	0.1	0.1
Accommodation and food services	28	26	27	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other services	4	14	3	0.1	0.3	0.0
Government	42	46	39	0.2	0.2	0.2
Federal	8	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
State and local	34	36	29	0.2	0.2	0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	43	70	36	0.2	0.3	0.1
South	94	163	114	0.2	0.3	0.2
Midwest	65	53	71	0.2	0.2	0.2
West	71	77	82	0.2	0.2	0.3
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.