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PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS
First Quarter 2008, Preliminary
The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor today
reported preliminary productivity data--as measured by output per hour of
all persons--for the first quarter of 2008. The seasonally adjusted annual
rates of productivity change in the first quarter were:
1.9 percent in the business sector and
2.2 percent in the nonfarm business sector.
In both sectors, the productivity gains were due primarily to declines
in hours worked. In the business sector, output edged up 0.2 percent while
hours fell 1.6 percent. In nonfarm businesses, output rose 0.4 percent and
hours declined 1.8 percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). In both
sectors, productivity grew faster than in the fourth quarter of 2007, when
output per hour rose 0.9 percent in the business sector and 1.8 percent in
the nonfarm business sector. First quarter measures are summarized in table
A and appear in detail in tables 1 through 5.
In manufacturing, productivity changes in the first quarter were:
4.1 percent in manufacturing,
2.3 percent in durable goods manufacturing, and
7.0 percent in nondurable goods manufacturing.
Manufacturing productivity growth in the first quarter reflected a 4.2
percent decline in hours worked in the sector and an output decline of 0.3
percent. After revisions, manufacturing productivity increased 4.2 percent
in the fourth quarter of 2007. Output and hours in manufacturing, which
includes about 12 percent of U.S. business sector employment, tend to vary
more from quarter to quarter than data for the aggregate business and nonfarm
business sectors. First quarter measures are summarized in table A and
appear in detail in tables 1 through 5.
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Table A. Productivity and costs: Preliminary first quarter 2008 measures
(Seasonally adjusted annual rates)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Real
Hourly hourly Unit
Produc- compen- compen- labor
Sector tivity Output Hours sation sation costs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from preceding quarter
Business 1.9 0.2 -1.6 4.2 -0.1 2.2
Nonfarm business 2.2 0.4 -1.8 4.4 0.1 2.2
Manufacturing 4.1 -0.3 -4.2 6.7 2.3 2.5
Durable 2.3 -0.5 -2.8 6.6 2.2 4.1
Nondurable 7.0 -0.1 -6.6 6.5 2.1 -0.4
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Percent change from same quarter a year ago
Business 3.2 2.6 -0.6 3.5 -0.7 0.2
Nonfarm business 3.2 2.6 -0.6 3.4 -0.7 0.2
Manufacturing 4.1 2.1 -2.0 2.8 -1.3 -1.3
Durable 5.5 3.6 -1.8 2.9 -1.2 -2.5
Nondurable 2.8 0.4 -2.3 2.6 -1.5 -0.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The data sources and methods used in the preparation of the
manufacturing series differ from those used in preparing the business and
nonfarm business series, and these measures are not directly comparable.
Output measures for business and nonfarm business are based on measures of
gross domestic product prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the
U.S. Department of Commerce. Quarterly output measures for manufacturing
reflect indexes of industrial production independently prepared by the Board
of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. See Technical Notes for further
information on data sources.
Business
Productivity in the business sector rose 1.9 percent in the first
quarter of 2008, as output grew 0.2 percent and hours of all persons at work
in the sector--employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers--fell 1.6
percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). The decrease in hours was the
largest since the second quarter of 2003, when they fell 2.1 percent. When
the first quarter of 2008 is compared to the first quarter of 2007,
productivity in the business sector grew 3.2 percent. This was the largest
four quarter change since a 3.4 percent increase from the second quarter of
2003 to the second quarter of 2004 (see tables A and 1).
Hourly compensation increased 4.2 percent during the first quarter of
2008 following a 3.7 percent rise in the previous quarter. Hourly
compensation includes wages and salary accruals, supplements, employer
contributions to employee benefit plans, and taxes. Real hourly
compensation, which takes into account changes in consumer prices, decreased
0.1 percent in the first quarter of 2008 after falling 1.3 percent in the
fourth quarter of 2007.
Unit labor costs rose 2.2 percent in the first quarter of 2008, compared
to a 2.8 percent increase in the fourth quarter. Growth in unit labor costs
is roughly equivalent to the change in hourly compensation minus the change
in output per hour. The implicit price deflator for the business sector,
which reflects changes in both unit labor costs and unit nonlabor payments,
grew at a 2.0 percent rate in the first quarter and 1.9 percent in the final
quarter of 2007.
Nonfarm business
Productivity increased 2.2 percent in the nonfarm business sector in the
first quarter of 2008 as output rose 0.4 percent and hours of all persons
fell 1.8 percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). The decrease in hours
was the largest since the first quarter of 2003, when hours fell 2.3 percent,
and followed a 1.6 percent decline in the previous quarter (see tables A and
2.)
Productivity in the nonfarm business sector grew 3.2 percent from the
first quarter of 2007 to the first quarter of 2008, the largest four quarter
change since a 3.8 percent increase between the second quarters of 2003 and
2004.
Hourly compensation grew at a 4.4 percent annual rate in the first
quarter of 2008; similar to the fourth quarter rate of 4.6 percent. When the
rise in consumer prices was taken into account, real hourly compensation rose
0.1 percent in the first quarter following a 0.4 percent decline in the
fourth quarter of 2007.
Unit labor costs grew 2.2 percent in the first quarter of 2008 and 2.8
percent in the previous quarter. The implicit price deflator for nonfarm
business output increased 2.2 percent in the first quarter of 2008 and 1.6
percent in the fourth quarter of 2007.
Manufacturing
Productivity increased 4.1 percent in manufacturing in the first quarter
of 2008 as output decreased 0.3 percent and hours of all persons dropped 4.2
percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). This 4.2 percent hours decrease
reflected a 2.8 percent decline in durable goods hours and a 6.6 percent drop
in hours worked in nondurable goods industries. Productivity rose 2.3
percent in durable manufacturing and 7.0 percent in nondurable manufacturing.
The hourly compensation of all manufacturing workers increased 6.7
percent during the first quarter of 2008 and real hourly compensation rose
2.3 percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). Because hourly compensation
of manufacturing workers rose more rapidly than productivity, unit labor
costs increased in the first quarter, by 2.5 percent. Unit labor costs
increased 4.1 percent in durable goods manufacturing and fell 0.4 percent in
nondurable goods manufacturing.
Fourth quarter and annual measures for nonfinancial corporations
Fourth quarter and annual 2007 measures of productivity and costs also
were announced today for the nonfinancial corporate sector (tables B, C, and
6). Output per all employee hour grew 0.9 percent from the third to the
fourth quarter of 2007 as output rose 0.9 percent and employee hours were
unchanged.
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Table B. Nonfinancial corporations: Fourth quarter 2007 productivity and
cost measures
(Seasonally adjusted annual rates)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Real
Hourly hourly Unit Implicit
Produc- compen- compen- labor Unit price
Period tivity Output Hours sation sation costs profits deflator
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from preceding quarter
2007 IV 0.9 0.9 0.0 3.5 -1.4 2.6 -16.9 0.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from same quarter a year ago
2007 IV 1.8 2.1 0.3 3.4 -0.6 1.6 -2.1 1.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hourly compensation increased 3.5 percent in the fourth quarter of 2007,
leading to an increase of 2.6 percent in unit labor costs. When consumer
prices are taken into account, real hourly compensation fell 1.4 percent.
Unit profits fell 16.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 2007 and 10.2 percent
in the previous quarter. The implicit price deflator increased 0.3 percent
during the fourth quarter of 2007 after falling 1.6 percent in the third
quarter.
When the annual average for 2007 was compared with that for 2006, labor
productivity increased 1.4 percent in the nonfinancial corporate sector. In
the previous six years, 2000 through 2006, output per hour increased an
average of 2.6 percent per year. Output increased 2.1 percent in 2007, down
from 3.0 percent in 2006, and hours rose 0.7 percent, compared with 2.2
percent during the previous year. (See table C.)
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Table C. Nonfinancial corporations: Annual changes in productivity and
related measures, 1998-2007
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Measure 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Productivity 3.4 3.7 3.9 1.8 4.0 3.8 3.7 1.4 0.7 1.4
Output 5.7 6.0 5.2 -0.9 0.9 2.2 5.1 3.1 3.0 2.1
Hours 2.2 2.3 1.3 -2.7 -3.0 -1.5 1.3 1.7 2.2 0.7
Hourly
compensation 5.9 4.9 7.1 4.2 3.6 4.1 3.0 3.8 3.5 4.7
Real hourly
compensation 4.5 2.8 3.6 1.4 1.9 1.8 0.3 0.4 0.2 1.8
Unit labor
costs 2.4 1.2 3.1 2.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.7 2.4 2.8 3.2
Unit nonlabor
costs -0.2 0.9 3.8 8.1 -1.6 0.2 -1.6 2.7 1.4 1.1
Total unit
costs 1.7 1.1 3.3 3.9 -0.7 0.3 -0.9 2.4 2.4 2.6
Unit profits -11.2 -5.8 -15.8 -24.3 19.2 12.1 31.8 6.6 5.5 -5.7
Implicit price
deflator 0.0 0.3 1.2 1.3 0.6 1.2 2.0 2.9 2.8 1.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hourly compensation grew 4.7 percent in 2007, and real hourly
compensation increased 1.8 percent. The increase in hourly compensation was
the largest in the series since 2000, when it had increased 7.1 percent.
Total unit costs in 2007 rose 2.6 percent, reflecting a 3.2 percent increase
in unit labor costs and a 1.1 percent increase in unit nonlabor costs. Unit
profits fell 5.7 percent in 2007. This was the first decline since 2001,
when the series fell 24.3 percent. The implicit price deflator, which
reflects both the unit costs and unit profits measures, rose 1.6 percent in
2007.
Revised measures
With this release, hours for all sectors were revised back to 2000 to
incorporate updated information on seasonal trends in Current Population
Survey data on hours worked. Employment was revised historically to exclude
secondary jobs of self employed and unpaid family workers in any month when
they did not report hours worked in those jobs. Also employment of
manufacturing proprietors is now calculated using the number of persons
employed; previously it was the number of persons at work.
Output data for the manufacturing sectors also were revised. Annual
output indexes are constructed by BLS using data from the Bureau of the
Census and the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), both the U.S. Department of
Commerce, together with information on price changes, primarily from the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. These revisions begin with data for 1987 and
incorporate revised information on intermediate inputs. (See USDL 08-0857,
“Multifactor Productivity Trends in Manufacturing for 2006,” May 1, 2008
(http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/prod3.pdf). Quarterly changes in
manufacturing output and related measures also now reflect revised Indexes of
Industrial Production, published by the Board of Governors of the Federal
Reserve System on March 28, 2008. Appendix tables 1-3 display quarterly and
annual data for manufacturing, durable manufacturing, and nondurable
manufacturing beginning in 2003. Quarterly historical data are available on
the BLS website. Annual historical data for total manufacturing and its
subsectors are presented in appendix tables 4-6.
A revised seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index Research Series,
prepared by the BLS Office of Prices and Living Conditions for the period
1978 to 2007, has been incorporated into our consumer price series. As a
result, measures of real hourly compensation for all sectors were revised
back to 1984. Complete quarterly and annual series are available on the BLS
website.
Previous and revised measures for the fourth quarter and annual average
of 2007 in the business, nonfarm business, and manufacturing sectors are
compared in table D. In the business and nonfarm business sectors,
productivity was revised down slightly in the fourth quarter, primarily due
to downward revisions to output. Unit labor costs in these sectors were
revised up from the increases reported March 5.
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Table D. Previous and revised productivity and related measures
Quarterly percent change at seasonally adjusted annual rate
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Real
Hourly hourly Unit
Produc- compen- compen- labor
Sector tivity Output Hours sation sation costs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fourth quarter 2007
Business:
Previous 1.0 0.2 -0.7 3.6 -1.3 2.7
Revised 0.9 0.1 -0.7 3.7 -1.3 2.8
Nonfarm business:
Previous 1.9 0.3 -1.6 4.6 -0.5 2.6
Revised 1.8 0.2 -1.6 4.6 -0.4 2.8
Manufacturing:
Previous 2.3 -1.7 -3.9 4.4 -0.6 2.1
Revised 4.2 -0.4 -4.4 4.3 -0.6 0.2
Annual average 2007
Business:
Previous 1.9 2.3 0.4 5.0 2.3 3.1
Revised 1.9 2.3 0.4 5.0 2.1 3.1
Nonfarm business:
Previous 1.8 2.3 0.5 4.9 2.3 3.1
Revised 1.8 2.3 0.5 4.9 2.1 3.1
Manufacturing:
Previous 3.7 2.0 -1.7 5.4 2.7 1.6
Revised 3.4 1.6 -1.7 5.4 2.5 1.9
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Fourth quarter productivity growth in the manufacturing sector was
higher than reported March 5. Hours fell more than reported in March, and
had the largest decline since the third quarter of 2003. The upward revision
to productivity resulted in a downward revision to unit labor costs.
The 2007 annual average measures of real hourly compensation for the
business, nonfarm business, and manufacturing sectors were revised downward
due to a revision in the Consumer Price Index Research series. The 2007
annual averages in the manufacturing sector showed a downward revision in
output, which led to a downward revision in productivity and an upward
revision in unit labor costs.
Next release date
The next release of Productivity and Costs is scheduled for 8:30 AM EDT,
Wednesday, June 4, 2008. First quarter measures for nonfinancial
corporations and revised first quarter measures for business, nonfarm
business, and manufacturing will be released at that time.
TECHNICAL NOTES
Labor Hours: Hours data for the labor productivity and cost measures include
hours for all persons working in the sector—wage and salary workers, the
self-employed and unpaid family workers. The primary source of hours and
employment data is the BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) program, which
provides monthly survey data on the number of jobs held by wage and salary
workers in nonfarm establishments. The CES also provides average weekly paid
hours of production and nonsupervisory workers in these establishments.
Weekly paid hours are adjusted to hours at work using data from the National
Compensation Survey (NCS). The BLS Hours at Work survey, conducted for this
purpose, was used for earlier years. The Office of Productivity and
Technology estimates average weekly hours at work for nonproduction and
supervisory workers using information from the Current Population Survey
(CPS), the CES, and the NCS.
Data from the CPS are used for farm labor, nonfarm proprietors, and
nonfarm unpaid family workers. Estimates of labor input for government
enterprises are derived from the CPS, the CES, and the National Income and
Product Accounts (NIPA) prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) of
the Department of Commerce.
The CES measures jobs, counting a person who is employed by two or more
establishments at each place of employment. In contrast, the CPS features
measures of employment that count each person only once and classify each
person according to his or her primary job; hours worked at all jobs by that
person accrue to his or her primary job. However, the CPS also collects more
detailed information on employment and hours worked at primary jobs and all
other jobs, separately. The BLS productivity measures use the more detailed
information on employment and hours to assign all hours worked to the correct
industrial sector and avoid duplicating hours data from the CES.
Output: Business sector output is an annual-weighted index constructed after
excluding from gross domestic product (GDP) the following outputs: general
government, nonprofit institutions, and private households (including owner-
occupied housing). Corresponding exclusions also are made in labor inputs.
Business output accounted for about 78 percent of the value of GDP in 2000.
Nonfarm business, which also excludes farming, accounted for about 77 percent
of GDP in 2000.
Annual indexes for manufacturing and its durable and nondurable goods
components are constructed by deflating current-dollar industry value of
production data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census with deflators from the
BLS. These deflators are based on data from the BLS producer price program
and other sources. The industry shipments are aggregated using annual
weights, and intrasector transactions are removed. Quarterly manufacturing
output measures are based on the index of industrial production prepared
monthly by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, adjusted to
be consistent with annual indexes of manufacturing sector output prepared by
BLS. Durables include the following 3-digit NAICS industries: wood product
manufacturing; nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing; primary metal
manufac-turing; fabricated metal product manufacturing; machinery
manufacturing; computer and elec-tronic product manufacturing; electrical
equipment and appliance manufacturing; transportation equipment
manufacturing; furniture and related product manufacturing; and miscellaneous
manu-facturing. Nondurables include: food manufacturing; beverage and tobacco
product manufac-turing; textile mills; textile product mills; apparel
manufacturing; leather and allied product manufacturing; paper manufacturing;
printing and related support activities; petroleum and coal products
manufacturing; chemical manufacturing; and plastics and rubber products
manufacturing.
Nonfinancial corporate output is an annual-weighted index calculated on
the basis of the costs incurred and the incomes earned from production. The
output measure excludes the following outputs from GDP: general government;
nonprofit institutions; private households; unincorporated business; and
those corporations classified as offices of bank holding companies, offices
of other holding companies, or offices in the finance and insurance sector.
Nonfinancial corporations accounted for about 54 percent of the value of GDP
in 2000.
Productivity: These productivity measures describe the relationship between
real output and the labor time involved in its production. They show the
changes from period to period in the amount of goods and services produced
per hour. Although these measures relate output to hours at work of all
persons engaged in a sector, they do not measure the specific contribution of
labor, capital, or any other factor of production. Rather, they reflect the
joint effects of many influences, including changes in technology; capital
investment; level of output; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials;
the organization of production; managerial skill; and the characteristics and
effort of the work force.
Labor Compensation: Estimates of labor compensation by major sector, required
for measures of hourly compensation and unit labor costs, are based primarily
on employee compensation data from the NIPA, prepared by the BEA. The
compensation of employees in general government, nonprofit institutions and
private households are subtracted from compensation of domestic employees to
derive employee compensation for the business sector. The labor compensation
of proprietors cannot be explicitly identified and must be estimated. This
is done by assuming that proprietors have the same hourly compensation as
employees in the same sector. The quarterly labor productivity and cost
measures do not contain estimates of compensation for unpaid family workers.
Unit Labor Costs: The measures of unit labor costs in this release describe
the relationship between compensation per hour and productivity, or real
output per hour, and can be used as an indicator of inflationary pressure on
producers. Increases in hourly compensation increase unit labor costs; labor
productivity increases offset compensation increases and lower unit labor
costs.
Presentation of the data: The quarterly data in this release are presented
in three ways; as index number series where 1992=100, as percent changes from
the corresponding quarter of the previous year, and as percent changes from
the previous quarter presented at a compound annual rate. Annual data are
presented both as index number series and percent changes from the previous
year.
The index numbers and rates of change reported in the productivity and
costs news release are rounded to one decimal place. All percent changes in
this release and on the BLS web site are calculated using index numbers to
three decimal places. These index numbers are available at the BLS web site,
http://www.bls.gov/data/home.htm, or by contacting the BLS Division of Major
Sector Productivity. (Telephone 202-691-5606 or email DPRWEB@BLS.GOV)
Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5606; Federal Relay Service
number: 1-800-877-8339.
Table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs,
and prices, seasonally adjusted
Real
Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit
and hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price
quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 1992=100
2006 I r136.3 163.2 r119.7 r168.3 r120.8 r123.4 r133.0 127.0
II r136.7 164.2 r120.1 r168.1 r119.6 r123.0 r136.6 128.0
III r136.1 164.4 r120.8 r168.7 r118.9 r123.9 r136.7 128.7
IV r136.5 165.5 r121.2 r173.5 r122.7 r127.1 r132.0 128.9
ANNUAL r136.4 164.3 r120.5 r169.6 r120.5 r124.4 r134.6 128.2
2007 I r136.8 165.6 r121.0 r176.1 r123.5 r128.7 r132.8 130.2
II r138.1 167.3 r121.2 r177.1 r122.8 r128.3 r135.4 130.9
III r140.3 169.7 r120.9 r178.7 r123.1 r127.4 r137.1 131.0
IV r140.6 r169.7 r120.7 r180.4 r122.7 r128.3 r137.3 r131.7
ANNUAL r139.0 r168.1 r121.0 r178.1 r123.0 r128.2 r135.7 r131.0
2008 I 141.3 169.8 120.2 182.2 122.6 129.0 137.9 132.3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2006 I r2.4 5.5 r3.0 7.1 r5.2 r4.6 r0.0 2.8
II r1.0 2.5 1.5 -0.5 r-3.9 -1.5 11.3 3.3
III r-1.7 0.6 2.3 1.5 r-2.4 r3.2 r0.4 2.1
IV r1.2 2.6 r1.4 r11.9 r13.6 r10.6 r-12.9 0.8
ANNUAL 1.0 3.1 2.1 4.0 0.7 2.9 2.9 2.9
2007 I r0.9 0.2 r-0.8 r6.2 r2.5 r5.2 r2.3 4.1
II 3.8 4.4 0.5 r2.4 r-2.1 r-1.4 r8.2 2.2
III r6.4 5.7 r-0.7 3.7 r0.9 r-2.6 r5.2 0.3
IV r0.9 r0.1 -0.7 r3.7 -1.3 r2.8 r0.6 r1.9
ANNUAL 1.9 2.3 0.4 5.0 r2.1 3.1 r0.8 2.2
2008 I 1.9 0.2 -1.6 4.2 -0.1 2.2 1.7 2.0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2006 I 1.5 3.8 2.3 4.2 0.5 2.7 3.8 3.1
II 1.8 3.6 1.8 4.0 0.0 r2.1 r5.2 3.3
III 0.2 2.4 2.2 2.8 r-0.5 2.6 3.5 3.0
IV r0.7 2.8 r2.1 4.9 2.9 4.1 r-0.7 2.2
ANNUAL 1.0 3.1 2.1 4.0 0.7 2.9 2.9 2.9
2007 I r0.4 1.5 1.1 r4.7 r2.2 4.3 -0.1 2.6
II 1.0 1.9 0.9 5.4 r2.7 4.3 r-0.8 2.3
III 3.1 3.2 0.1 6.0 r3.5 2.8 r0.3 1.8
IV 3.0 2.6 -0.4 4.0 r0.0 r0.9 r4.0 r2.1
ANNUAL 1.9 2.3 0.4 5.0 r2.1 3.1 r0.8 2.2
2008 I 3.2 2.6 -0.6 3.5 -0.7 0.2 3.9 1.6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs,
and prices, seasonally adjusted
Real
Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit
and hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price
quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 1992=100
2006 I r135.2 163.4 r120.8 r167.0 r119.9 r123.5 r134.9 127.7
II r135.7 164.4 r121.2 r167.0 r118.8 r123.1 r138.8 128.9
III r135.1 164.7 r121.9 r167.6 r118.1 r124.0 r138.6 129.4
IV r135.6 165.7 r122.2 r172.5 r122.0 r127.2 r133.4 129.5
ANNUAL r135.4 164.5 r121.5 r168.5 r119.7 r124.5 r136.4 128.9
2007 I r136.1 165.9 r121.9 r175.2 r122.8 r128.8 r133.8 130.6
II r137.0 167.6 r122.4 r175.8 r121.9 r128.4 r136.4 131.3
III r139.0 169.9 r122.3 r177.2 r122.0 r127.5 r137.9 131.3
IV r139.6 r170.0 r121.8 179.2 r121.9 r128.4 r137.8 r131.9
ANNUAL r137.9 r168.4 r122.1 r176.9 r122.2 r128.3 r136.5 r131.3
2008 I 140.4 170.2 121.2 181.2 121.9 129.1 138.5 132.6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2006 I r2.2 5.7 r3.4 6.9 r4.9 r4.5 r0.6 3.0
II 1.3 2.4 1.1 0.0 r-3.5 -1.3 12.1 3.7
III r-1.6 0.8 r2.4 1.5 r-2.5 r3.1 r-0.5 1.6
IV r1.4 2.6 r1.1 12.3 r14.0 r10.7 r-14.2 0.3
ANNUAL 1.0 3.2 2.2 3.9 0.6 2.9 3.1 3.0
2007 I r1.3 0.3 r-0.9 6.4 r2.7 r5.0 r1.3 3.6
II r2.7 4.2 r1.5 1.3 r-3.2 -1.3 r7.9 2.1
III r6.0 5.6 r-0.4 r3.3 0.6 r-2.5 r4.5 0.1
IV r1.8 r0.2 -1.6 4.6 r-0.4 r2.8 r-0.3 r1.6
ANNUAL 1.8 2.3 0.5 4.9 r2.1 3.1 r0.0 1.9
2008 I 2.2 0.4 -1.8 4.4 0.1 2.2 2.2 2.2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2006 I 1.4 3.8 2.4 4.2 r0.4 2.8 4.1 3.3
II 1.6 3.6 2.0 3.8 r-0.1 2.2 5.7 3.5
III 0.1 2.4 2.3 2.7 -0.6 2.6 3.6 3.0
IV r0.8 2.8 r2.0 5.0 3.0 r4.2 r-1.0 2.2
ANNUAL 1.0 3.2 2.2 3.9 0.6 2.9 3.1 3.0
2007 I 0.6 1.5 0.9 4.9 r2.4 4.3 -0.8 2.3
II r1.0 2.0 1.0 5.3 r2.5 4.3 r-1.7 1.9
III r2.8 3.2 0.3 5.8 r3.3 2.8 -0.5 1.5
IV 2.9 2.6 r-0.4 3.9 r-0.1 0.9 r3.3 r1.8
ANNUAL 1.8 2.3 0.5 4.9 r2.1 3.1 r0.0 1.9
2008 I 3.2 2.6 -0.6 3.4 -0.7 0.2 3.5 1.5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit
and hour of of all tion per tion per labor
quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 1992=100
2006 I r172.6 r147.2 r85.3 r172.4 r123.8 r99.9
II r172.7 r147.4 r85.4 r170.5 r121.3 r98.7
III r174.5 r148.0 r84.8 r171.6 r120.9 r98.4
IV r175.4 r147.4 r84.0 r177.4 r125.5 r101.1
ANNUAL r173.8 r147.5 r84.9 r173.0 r122.8 r99.5
2007 I r177.0 r147.8 r83.5 r181.7 r127.4 r102.7
II r178.7 r149.6 r83.7 r181.6 r125.9 r101.6
III r180.6 r151.2 r83.7 r181.9 r125.2 r100.7
IV r182.5 r151.0 r82.8 r183.8 r125.0 r100.7
ANNUAL r179.7 r149.9 r83.4 r182.3 r125.9 r101.4
2008 I 184.3 150.9 81.9 186.8 125.7 101.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2006 I r-0.6 r1.8 r2.4 9.1 r7.1 r9.7
II r0.2 r0.6 r0.4 -4.4 r-7.7 r-4.6
III r4.3 r1.6 r-2.5 2.7 r-1.3 r-1.5
IV r2.2 r-1.7 r-3.8 14.1 r15.8 r11.6
ANNUAL r1.1 r1.8 r0.8 2.8 -0.5 r1.7
2007 I r3.6 r1.2 r-2.3 10.3 r6.4 r6.4
II r3.8 r4.9 1.0 -0.4 r-4.8 r-4.1
III r4.5 r4.3 -0.2 0.7 -2.0 r-3.6
IV r4.2 r-0.4 r-4.4 r4.3 -0.6 r0.2
ANNUAL r3.4 r1.6 -1.7 5.4 r2.5 r1.9
2008 I 4.1 -0.3 -4.2 6.7 2.3 2.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2006 I r1.5 r2.4 r0.9 3.8 0.0 r2.2
II r0.4 r2.1 r1.7 1.5 -2.4 r1.1
III r0.9 r2.3 r1.4 0.7 -2.6 r-0.2
IV r1.5 r0.6 r-0.9 5.1 3.1 r3.6
ANNUAL r1.1 r1.8 r0.8 2.8 -0.5 r1.7
2007 I r2.6 r0.4 -2.1 5.4 r2.9 r2.8
II r3.5 r1.5 -1.9 6.5 r3.7 r2.9
III r3.5 r2.1 -1.3 6.0 r3.6 r2.4
IV r4.0 r2.5 r-1.5 3.7 r-0.3 r-0.4
ANNUAL r3.4 r1.6 -1.7 5.4 r2.5 r1.9
2008 I 4.1 2.1 -2.0 2.8 -1.3 -1.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit
and hour of of all tion per tion per labor
quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 1992=100
2006 I r198.8 r179.6 r90.3 r168.1 r120.7 r84.6
II r198.9 r180.5 r90.7 r166.1 r118.2 r83.5
III r201.7 r181.1 r89.8 r167.3 r117.9 r82.9
IV r202.4 r180.1 r89.0 r173.6 r122.8 r85.8
ANNUAL r200.4 r180.3 r90.0 r168.7 r119.8 r84.2
2007 I r204.4 r180.3 r88.2 r177.6 r124.5 r86.9
II r207.9 r183.9 r88.4 r177.5 r123.0 r85.4
III r210.9 r186.9 r88.6 r177.5 r122.2 r84.2
IV r214.3 r187.0 r87.3 r179.8 r122.3 r83.9
ANNUAL r209.4 r184.5 r88.1 r178.1 r123.0 r85.1
2008 I 215.6 186.8 86.7 182.7 123.0 84.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2006 I r-1.8 r0.4 r2.3 11.6 r9.6 r13.7
II r0.3 r2.1 r1.8 -4.7 r-8.0 r-5.0
III r5.7 r1.2 r-4.3 2.9 r-1.1 r-2.7
IV r1.4 r-2.1 r-3.4 r16.0 r17.8 r14.5
ANNUAL r2.2 r3.3 r1.1 3.4 0.1 r1.2
2007 I r3.9 r0.4 r-3.4 9.6 r5.7 r5.4
II r7.1 r8.2 1.0 r-0.3 -4.7 r-6.9
III r6.0 r6.8 0.8 0.1 -2.6 r-5.6
IV r6.6 r0.3 r-6.0 r5.4 r0.4 r-1.2
ANNUAL r4.5 r2.3 r-2.0 r5.6 r2.7 r1.1
2008 I 2.3 -0.5 -2.8 6.6 2.2 4.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2006 I r3.2 r4.8 r1.6 4.2 r0.4 r1.0
II r2.0 r4.6 2.5 2.1 -1.8 r0.1
III r2.2 r3.6 r1.4 1.1 r-2.2 r-1.1
IV r1.4 r0.4 r-1.0 6.2 4.1 r4.7
ANNUAL r2.2 r3.3 r1.1 3.4 0.1 r1.2
2007 I r2.8 r0.4 r-2.4 5.7 r3.2 r2.8
II r4.5 r1.8 r-2.5 6.9 r4.1 r2.3
III r4.6 r3.2 r-1.3 6.1 r3.7 r1.5
IV r5.9 r3.9 r-1.9 r3.6 -0.4 r-2.2
ANNUAL r4.5 r2.3 r-2.0 r5.6 r2.7 r1.1
2008 I 5.5 3.6 -1.8 2.9 -1.2 -2.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,
seasonally adjusted
Real
Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit
and hour of of all tion per tion per labor
quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 1992=100
2006 I r148.0 r115.0 r77.7 178.3 r128.0 r120.4
II r148.4 r114.8 r77.3 r176.4 r125.6 r118.8
III r149.0 r115.4 r77.4 r177.6 r125.1 r119.2
IV r150.3 r115.1 r76.6 r181.9 r128.7 r121.1
ANNUAL r148.9 r115.1 r77.2 r178.6 r126.8 r119.9
2007 I r151.2 r115.6 r76.5 r187.1 r131.2 r123.7
II r151.4 r116.0 r76.6 r186.9 r129.6 r123.5
III r152.7 r116.4 r76.3 r187.8 r129.3 r123.0
IV r152.9 r116.1 r75.9 r189.0 r128.5 r123.6
ANNUAL r152.0 r116.0 r76.3 r187.7 r129.7 r123.5
2008 I 155.4 116.1 74.7 192.0 129.2 123.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2006 I r1.0 r3.6 2.6 4.4 r2.5 r3.4
II r1.1 r-0.9 -1.9 -4.2 r-7.5 r-5.2
III r1.5 r2.2 r0.6 2.7 r-1.3 r1.1
IV r3.5 r-1.1 r-4.4 10.2 r11.9 r6.5
ANNUAL r0.2 r0.3 0.1 1.5 -1.7 r1.3
2007 I r2.5 r2.0 -0.5 11.9 r8.0 r9.2
II r0.4 r1.3 r0.9 -0.4 -4.8 r-0.8
III r3.5 r1.6 -1.9 1.7 -1.0 r-1.7
IV r0.5 r-1.2 r-1.7 r2.6 r-2.2 r2.2
ANNUAL r2.1 0.9 -1.2 5.1 r2.2 r3.0
2008 I 7.0 -0.1 -6.6 6.5 2.1 -0.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2006 I r0.2 r-0.1 r-0.3 2.8 -0.9 r2.7
II r-0.7 r-0.6 0.1 0.1 -3.7 r0.8
III r-0.4 r1.0 r1.4 0.0 r-3.2 r0.4
IV r1.8 r0.9 r-0.8 3.1 1.1 r1.4
ANNUAL r0.2 r0.3 0.1 1.5 -1.7 r1.3
2007 I r2.1 r0.5 -1.6 r4.9 r2.5 r2.7
II r2.0 r1.1 -0.9 6.0 r3.2 r3.9
III r2.5 r0.9 r-1.5 5.7 r3.3 r3.2
IV r1.7 r0.9 r-0.8 r3.9 r-0.1 r2.1
ANNUAL r2.1 0.9 -1.2 5.1 r2.2 r3.0
2008 I 2.8 0.4 -2.3 2.6 -1.5 -0.2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 6. Nonfinancial corporate sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits,
and prices, seasonally adjusted
Output Hourly Real Unit Total Unit Implicit
Year per all- compen- hourly Unit non- unit pro- price
and employee Employee sation compen- labor labor costs fits deflator
quarter hour Output hours (1) sation(2) costs costs(6) (7) (8) (4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 1992=100
2005 I r141.0 r165.4 r117.3 r158.0 r117.7 r112.1 r111.0 r111.8 r151.2 r115.3
II r141.9 r167.7 r118.2 r158.5 r117.2 r111.7 r111.0 r111.5 r160.8 r115.9
III r141.3 r167.9 r118.8 r160.8 r117.1 r113.8 r114.4 r113.9 r146.6 r116.9
IV r142.1 r170.0 r119.7 r161.8 r116.7 r113.9 r112.3 r113.5 r158.8 r117.5
ANNUAL r141.6 r167.7 r118.5 r159.8 r117.2 r112.9 r112.2 r112.7 r154.4 r116.4
2006 I r142.8 r171.9 120.4 163.8 r117.6 r114.8 r112.3 r114.1 r164.0 r118.5
II r141.9 r171.5 r120.9 r163.9 r116.7 r115.5 r114.2 r115.2 r164.8 r119.6
III r142.7 r173.4 r121.5 r164.6 r116.0 r115.3 r114.0 r114.9 r172.8 r120.1
IV r143.0 r174.2 r121.8 r169.3 r119.8 r118.4 r114.7 r117.4 r150.4 r120.3
ANNUAL r142.6 r172.8 r121.1 r165.4 r117.5 r116.0 r113.8 r115.4 r162.9 r119.7
2007 I r143.5 r174.6 r121.7 r171.4 r120.2 r119.5 r114.9 r118.2 r154.7 r121.5
II r144.2 r175.9 r121.9 r172.4 r119.5 r119.5 r115.0 r118.3 r158.5 r121.9
III r145.3 r177.5 r122.2 r173.6 r119.5 r119.5 r114.7 r118.2 r154.3 r121.4
IV 145.6 177.8 122.2 175.1 119.1 120.3 115.5 119.0 147.3 121.5
ANNUAL 144.6 176.4 122.0 173.1 119.6 119.7 115.0 118.4 153.7 121.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2005 I r0.4 r0.6 0.2 2.6 r0.8 r2.1 r6.5 r3.3 r9.5 r4.0
II r2.8 r5.9 3.0 r1.3 r-1.6 r-1.5 r0.0 r-1.1 r27.8 r2.0
III -1.6 0.4 2.1 r6.1 r-0.2 7.8 r12.6 9.1 -30.8 3.4
IV r2.1 r5.1 3.0 r2.5 r-1.4 r0.5 r-7.2 r-1.7 r37.5 r2.3
ANNUAL r1.4 r3.1 1.7 3.8 0.4 r2.4 r2.7 r2.4 r6.6 r2.9
2006 I r2.0 r4.5 r2.4 r5.1 r3.2 r3.0 r-0.1 r2.2 r13.7 r3.5
II r-2.5 r-0.8 1.7 0.2 r-3.3 r2.8 r7.2 r3.9 r1.9 r3.7
III r2.4 r4.4 1.9 1.6 r-2.4 r-0.8 r-0.9 r-0.9 r20.9 r1.7
IV r0.9 r1.9 r1.1 r12.0 r13.8 r11.1 r2.7 r8.8 r-42.6 r0.8
ANNUAL r0.7 r3.0 2.2 3.5 0.2 r2.8 r1.4 r2.4 r5.5 r2.8
2007 I 1.2 0.9 -0.3 5.1 r1.4 3.8 0.5 2.9 11.8 3.9
II 2.1 2.9 0.8 2.3 r-2.3 0.2 0.5 0.3 10.4 1.4
III 2.9 3.7 0.7 2.8 0.1 -0.1 -1.2 -0.4 -10.2 -1.6
IV 0.9 0.9 0.0 3.5 -1.4 2.6 2.9 2.7 -16.9 0.3
ANNUAL 1.4 2.1 0.7 4.7 1.8 3.2 1.1 2.6 -5.7 1.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2005 I r2.5 r3.7 1.1 4.7 1.7 r2.1 r1.4 r1.9 r11.9 r3.0
II r2.1 r3.8 1.7 3.7 r0.8 r1.6 r1.6 r1.6 r10.4 r2.6
III r0.2 r1.9 1.7 3.8 0.0 r3.6 r5.0 r4.0 r-2.4 r3.2
IV r0.9 r3.0 2.1 3.1 -0.6 r2.2 r2.7 r2.3 r7.4 r2.9
ANNUAL r1.4 r3.1 1.7 3.8 0.4 r2.4 r2.7 r2.4 r6.6 r2.9
2006 I r1.3 r4.0 2.6 3.7 0.0 r2.4 r1.1 r2.0 r8.4 r2.8
II r0.0 r2.3 2.3 3.4 -0.5 r3.5 r2.9 r3.3 r2.5 r3.2
III r1.0 r3.3 2.3 2.3 -1.0 r1.3 r-0.4 r0.9 r17.8 r2.8
IV r0.7 r2.5 1.8 4.6 2.6 r3.9 r2.2 r3.4 r-5.3 r2.4
ANNUAL r0.7 r3.0 2.2 3.5 0.2 r2.8 r1.4 r2.4 r5.5 r2.8
2007 I r0.5 r1.6 1.1 4.6 r2.2 r4.1 r2.3 r3.6 r-5.7 r2.5
II r1.6 r2.5 0.9 5.2 r2.4 r3.5 r0.7 r2.7 r-3.8 r1.9
III r1.8 r2.3 0.6 5.5 r3.1 r3.7 r0.6 r2.8 r-10.7 r1.1
IV 1.8 2.1 0.3 3.4 -0.6 1.6 0.7 1.4 -2.1 1.0
ANNUAL 1.4 2.1 0.7 4.7 1.8 3.2 1.1 2.6 -5.7 1.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
SOURCES: Output data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Census
Bureau of the U.S. Department of Commerce; the Bureau of Labor Statistics,
U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Reserve Board. Compensation and
hours data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of Economic
Analysis.
RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more
complete information becomes available. The measures are first published
within 40 days of the close of the reference period; revisions appear 30 days
later, and second revisions after an additional 60 days. In the business
sector, the third publication (second revision) of a quarterly index of
output per hour of all persons has differed from the initial value by between
-1.5 and +1.4 index points approximately 95 percent of the time. This
interval is based on the performance of this measure between the fourth
quarter of 1995 and the first quarter of 2008.
Footnotes, Tables 1-6
(1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social
insurance and private benefit plans. Except for nonfinancial
corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include an
estimate of wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the self-
employed.
(2) The change for recent quarters is based on the Consumer Price Index for
all urban consumers (CPI-U). The trend from 1978-2007 is based on the
Consumer Price Index research series (CPI-U-RS).
(3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, consumption of fixed capital,
taxes on production and imports less subsidies, net interest and
miscellaneous payments, business current transfer payments, rental
income of persons, and the current surplus of government enterprises.
(4) Current dollar output divided by the output index.
(5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate is
calculated using index numbers to three decimal places. Indexes
published in the news release are rounded to one decimal place for
convenience. Annual changes: Percent change is calculated using annual
average indexes to three decimal places.
(6) Unit nonlabor costs include consumption of fixed capital, taxes on
production and imports less subsidies, net interest and miscellaneous
payments, and business current transfer payments.
(7) Total unit costs are the sum of unit labor and nonlabor costs.
(8) Unit profits include corporate profits before tax with inventory
valuation and capital consumption adjustments.
Appendix table 1. Manufacturing sector: Revised productivity, hourly compensation, and
unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted
Real
Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit
and hour of of all tion per tion per labor
quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 1992=100
2003 I r157.4 r137.3 r87.2 r154.5 r120.7 r98.2
II r159.3 r136.6 r85.7 r157.2 r123.0 r98.7
III r162.7 r137.3 r84.4 r159.5 r123.8 r98.0
IV r162.1 r138.2 r85.3 r161.7 r125.1 r99.8
ANNUAL r160.4 r137.3 r85.6 r158.2 r123.2 r98.7
2004 I r161.6 r138.3 r85.6 r156.8 r120.3 r97.0
II r162.9 r138.9 r85.3 r159.8 r121.6 r98.1
III r164.2 r139.9 r85.2 r163.6 r123.7 r99.7
IV r167.1 r141.8 r84.8 r165.7 r124.0 r99.2
ANNUAL r163.9 r139.7 r85.2 r161.5 r122.4 r98.5
2005 I r170.0 r143.7 r84.5 r166.2 r123.8 r97.7
II r172.0 r144.5 r84.0 r168.0 r124.3 r97.7
III r172.9 r144.7 r83.7 r170.4 r124.1 r98.6
IV r172.8 r146.5 r84.8 r168.7 r121.7 r97.6
ANNUAL r171.9 r144.8 r84.3 r168.3 r123.5 r97.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2003 I 8.8 2.1 -6.2 12.4 r8.0 3.3
II r4.9 r-2.1 r-6.7 7.2 r7.9 r2.2
III r8.9 r2.1 -6.3 5.8 r2.6 r-2.9
IV r-1.5 r2.9 r4.5 5.7 r4.2 r7.4
ANNUAL 6.2 1.0 -4.9 7.0 4.7 0.8
2004 I r-1.3 r0.3 r1.6 -11.6 -14.6 r-10.5
II r3.3 r1.7 -1.5 7.9 r4.6 r4.4
III r3.2 r2.9 r-0.2 9.9 r6.8 r6.5
IV r7.4 r5.3 r-1.9 5.3 r1.0 r-1.9
ANNUAL r2.2 r1.7 -0.5 r2.1 -0.6 -0.2
2005 I r7.1 r5.7 r-1.4 1.1 r-0.7 r-5.7
II r4.7 r2.0 r-2.5 4.5 r1.6 r-0.2
III r2.2 r0.6 -1.5 5.8 r-0.4 r3.6
IV r-0.2 r5.3 5.5 -3.9 r-7.6 r-3.8
ANNUAL r4.9 r3.7 r-1.2 4.2 0.9 r-0.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2003 I r7.0 r2.3 -4.4 7.0 r3.9 r0.0
II 6.1 r0.3 -5.4 6.5 r4.4 0.4
III r6.5 0.2 -6.0 r6.9 4.5 0.3
IV r5.2 r1.2 r-3.8 7.7 r5.6 r2.4
ANNUAL 6.2 1.0 -4.9 7.0 4.7 0.8
2004 I r2.6 r0.7 -1.8 1.5 -0.4 -1.2
II r2.3 r1.7 -0.5 1.6 -1.1 r-0.6
III r0.9 r1.9 1.0 2.6 -0.1 r1.7
IV r3.1 r2.5 r-0.5 2.5 -0.9 r-0.6
ANNUAL r2.2 r1.7 -0.5 r2.1 -0.6 -0.2
2005 I r5.2 r3.9 r-1.3 6.0 2.9 r0.7
II r5.6 r4.0 -1.5 5.1 2.2 r-0.4
III r5.3 r3.4 -1.8 4.2 0.4 r-1.1
IV r3.4 r3.4 0.0 1.8 -1.8 r-1.6
ANNUAL r4.9 r3.7 r-1.2 4.2 0.9 r-0.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 2. Durable manufacturing sector: Revised productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs
seasonally adjusted
Real
Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit
and hour of of all tion per tion per labor
quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 1992=100
2003 I r179.2 r161.6 r90.2 r153.1 r119.6 r85.4
II r181.3 r160.6 r88.6 r155.7 r121.8 r85.9
III r186.5 r162.3 r87.0 r158.2 r122.8 r84.8
IV r185.7 r164.1 r88.4 160.3 r124.0 r86.4
ANNUAL r183.2 r162.2 r88.5 r156.8 r122.1 r85.6
2004 I r184.5 r164.6 r89.2 r152.3 r116.9 r82.6
II r185.0 r164.6 r89.0 r155.6 r118.5 r84.1
III r185.9 r166.1 r89.3 r159.7 r120.7 r85.9
IV r189.4 r168.5 r89.0 r161.2 r120.6 r85.1
ANNUAL r186.2 r165.9 r89.1 r157.2 r119.2 r84.4
2005 I r192.6 r171.4 r88.9 r161.3 r120.2 r83.7
II r195.0 r172.6 r88.5 162.7 r120.3 r83.4
III r197.3 r174.7 r88.5 r165.5 r120.6 r83.9
IV r199.7 r179.4 r89.8 r163.5 r118.0 r81.9
ANNUAL r196.2 r174.5 r89.0 r163.2 r119.7 r83.2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2003 I r7.8 r1.1 -6.1 17.0 r12.4 r8.6
II r4.7 r-2.6 r-7.0 r7.0 r7.7 r2.3
III r12.1 r4.4 -6.9 6.4 r3.2 r-5.1
IV r-1.9 r4.4 r6.4 5.6 r4.1 r7.6
ANNUAL 7.1 1.4 -5.3 8.1 r5.8 0.9
2004 I r-2.4 r1.3 r3.8 -18.5 r-21.2 r-16.5
II r1.0 r0.0 -1.0 r8.9 r5.6 r7.8
III r2.0 r3.6 1.5 10.9 r7.8 r8.7
IV r7.6 r5.9 r-1.7 3.8 r-0.4 r-3.6
ANNUAL 1.7 2.3 r0.7 0.2 -2.4 -1.4
2005 I r7.1 r7.1 r-0.1 0.3 r-1.4 r-6.3
II r5.1 r3.0 r-2.0 3.4 r0.5 r-1.6
III r4.8 r4.9 0.1 r7.1 r0.8 r2.3
IV r4.9 r11.2 r6.0 -4.7 r-8.4 r-9.1
ANNUAL r5.4 r5.2 r-0.2 3.8 0.5 r-1.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2003 I r8.4 r3.1 -4.9 8.0 r4.9 r-0.4
II r6.9 r0.4 -6.1 7.4 r5.3 r0.5
III r7.7 r0.4 -6.7 8.2 5.8 0.4
IV r5.5 r1.8 -3.5 8.9 r6.8 r3.2
ANNUAL 7.1 1.4 -5.3 8.1 r5.8 0.9
2004 I r2.9 r1.8 -1.1 -0.5 -2.3 -3.4
II r2.0 r2.5 0.5 -0.1 -2.8 r-2.1
III r-0.3 r2.3 2.7 1.0 -1.7 r1.3
IV r2.0 r2.7 r0.7 0.5 -2.8 r-1.4
ANNUAL 1.7 2.3 r0.7 0.2 -2.4 -1.4
2005 I r4.4 r4.1 r-0.3 5.9 2.8 r1.4
II r5.4 r4.9 r-0.6 4.5 1.6 r-0.9
III r6.1 r5.2 -0.9 3.6 -0.1 r-2.4
IV r5.5 r6.5 1.0 1.5 -2.2 r-3.8
ANNUAL r5.4 r5.2 r-0.2 3.8 0.5 r-1.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 3. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Revised productivity, hourly compensation, and
unit labor costs seasonally adjusted
Real
Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit
and hour of of all tion per tion per labor
quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indexes 1992=100
2003 I r134.8 r111.5 r82.8 r155.8 r121.7 r115.6
II r136.4 r111.0 r81.4 r158.6 r124.1 r116.3
III r138.0 r110.9 r80.3 r160.5 r124.6 r116.3
IV r137.9 r111.2 r80.6 r162.7 r125.8 r117.9
ANNUAL r136.7 r111.1 r81.3 r159.4 r124.1 r116.5
2004 I r138.4 r111.0 r80.2 r163.7 r125.5 r118.3
II r140.7 r112.1 r79.7 r166.1 r126.4 r118.1
III r142.6 r112.7 r79.1 r169.1 r127.8 r118.6
IV r145.1 r114.0 r78.6 172.5 r129.0 r118.9
ANNUAL r141.7 r112.4 r79.4 r167.8 r127.2 r118.5
2005 I r147.8 r115.1 r77.9 r173.4 r129.2 r117.3
II r149.5 r115.4 r77.2 r176.2 r130.3 r117.9
III r149.6 r114.3 r76.4 r177.6 r129.3 r118.6
IV r147.7 r114.0 r77.2 r176.4 r127.2 r119.4
ANNUAL r148.7 r114.7 r77.2 175.9 129.0 r118.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)
2003 I r9.7 r3.0 -6.2 r4.1 r0.1 r-5.1
II r4.9 r-1.7 -6.2 7.5 r8.2 r2.5
III r4.8 r-0.7 -5.2 4.8 r1.6 r0.0
IV -0.2 1.2 r1.4 5.5 r4.0 r5.7
ANNUAL 4.8 0.4 -4.2 5.1 2.8 0.3
2004 I 1.4 r-0.8 r-2.1 2.5 r-0.9 r1.1
II r6.7 r4.1 -2.4 6.0 r2.8 r-0.6
III r5.6 r2.3 r-3.1 r7.6 r4.6 r1.9
IV r7.2 r4.7 r-2.3 r8.2 r3.8 r0.9
ANNUAL 3.6 1.2 r-2.3 5.3 r2.5 r1.7
2005 I r7.8 r4.0 r-3.6 2.2 r0.4 r-5.2
II r4.6 r0.9 -3.5 6.6 r3.6 r1.9
III r0.4 r-3.9 -4.3 3.1 r-3.0 r2.6
IV r-5.1 r-0.8 4.5 -2.5 r-6.3 r2.7
ANNUAL r4.9 r2.0 -2.8 4.8 1.4 r-0.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year
2003 I 5.0 1.3 -3.6 5.2 r2.2 0.2
II 4.6 0.1 r-4.3 5.2 r3.1 0.5
III 4.6 -0.3 -4.7 4.6 2.3 0.0
IV 4.8 r0.4 -4.1 5.5 r3.4 r0.7
ANNUAL 4.8 0.4 -4.2 5.1 2.8 0.3
2004 I 2.7 r-0.5 -3.1 5.1 3.2 2.3
II r3.1 r0.9 -2.1 4.7 r1.9 r1.5
III r3.3 r1.7 -1.6 5.4 2.6 r2.0
IV r5.2 r2.6 r-2.5 6.1 2.6 r0.8
ANNUAL 3.6 1.2 r-2.3 5.3 r2.5 r1.7
2005 I r6.8 r3.8 -2.9 6.0 2.9 r-0.8
II r6.3 r3.0 r-3.1 6.1 3.1 r-0.2
III r5.0 r1.4 -3.4 5.0 1.2 r0.0
IV r1.8 r0.0 r-1.8 2.3 -1.4 r0.4
ANNUAL r4.9 r2.0 -2.8 4.8 1.4 r-0.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 4. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs
Indexes 1992=100
Real
Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit
hour of of all tion per tion per labor
Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1987 r89.1 r92.4 r103.8 81.3 r98.0 r91.3
1988 r90.9 r97.2 r106.9 84.1 97.8 r92.5
1989 r91.9 r98.8 r107.6 86.6 96.6 r94.3
1990 r93.9 r98.5 r104.9 r90.5 r96.1 r96.4
1991 r96.3 r96.8 r100.5 95.6 98.0 r99.2
1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1993 r102.6 r103.9 r101.3 r102.0 r99.6 r99.5
1994 r106.2 r110.1 r103.7 r105.3 r100.6 r99.2
1995 r111.0 r115.9 r104.4 107.3 100.1 r96.7
1996 r115.0 r119.8 r104.2 109.3 99.4 r95.1
1997 r121.3 r128.7 r106.0 r112.2 r99.8 r92.5
1998 r127.9 r135.3 105.8 r118.7 r104.2 r92.8
1999 r133.7 r140.4 r105.1 r123.5 r106.1 r92.4
2000 r139.1 r144.2 r103.7 r134.7 r112.0 r96.9
2001 r141.2 r136.9 r96.9 r137.8 r111.5 r97.6
2002 r151.0 r136.0 r90.1 r147.8 r117.7 r97.9
2003 r160.4 r137.3 r85.6 r158.2 r123.2 r98.7
2004 r163.9 r139.7 r85.2 r161.5 r122.4 r98.5
2005 r171.9 r144.8 r84.3 r168.3 r123.5 r97.9
2006 r173.8 r147.5 r84.9 r173.0 r122.8 r99.5
2007 r179.7 r149.9 r83.4 r182.3 r125.9 r101.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 5. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs
Indexes 1992=100
Real
Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit
hour of of all tion per tion per labor
Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1987 r88.5 r94.2 r106.5 r81.3 r98.0 r91.8
1988 r90.4 r100.0 r110.6 83.6 97.3 r92.5
1989 r91.1 r101.1 r110.9 r85.9 r95.8 r94.3
1990 r92.9 r99.8 r107.4 r89.5 r95.0 r96.3
1991 r94.6 r96.0 r101.4 r94.9 r97.3 r100.3
1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1993 r103.9 r105.4 r101.4 r101.9 r99.4 r98.0
1994 r109.1 r114.2 r104.7 r105.5 r100.8 r96.7
1995 r115.9 r123.3 r106.3 r106.7 r99.6 r92.0
1996 r122.1 r131.0 r107.3 r108.1 r98.2 r88.5
1997 r130.5 r144.1 r110.4 r110.6 r98.4 r84.7
1998 r140.6 r156.1 r111.0 r117.1 r102.7 r83.3
1999 r150.7 r166.5 r110.5 r122.5 r105.2 r81.3
2000 r158.1 r173.6 r109.8 r134.3 r111.6 r84.9
2001 r159.0 r162.1 r101.9 r136.4 r110.3 r85.8
2002 r171.0 r159.9 r93.5 r145.0 r115.4 r84.8
2003 r183.2 r162.2 r88.5 r156.8 r122.1 r85.6
2004 r186.2 r165.9 r89.1 r157.2 r119.2 r84.4
2005 r196.2 r174.5 r89.0 r163.2 r119.7 r83.2
2006 r200.4 r180.3 r90.0 r168.7 r119.8 r84.2
2007 r209.4 r184.5 r88.1 r178.1 r123.0 r85.1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Appendix table 6. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs
Indexes 1992=100
Real
Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit
hour of of all tion per tion per labor
Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1987 r91.4 91.1 r99.7 r80.8 r97.4 r88.4
1988 r93.2 94.5 r101.4 r84.2 r98.0 r90.3
1989 r94.0 96.4 r102.5 r87.1 r97.2 r92.7
1990 r96.0 97.1 r101.1 91.7 97.4 r95.6
1991 r98.3 r97.4 r99.1 r96.5 r99.0 r98.2
1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1993 r101.2 r102.4 r101.2 r102.2 r99.8 r101.1
1994 r103.5 105.7 r102.1 r104.7 100.1 r101.2
1995 r106.2 r107.7 r101.5 r107.8 r100.6 r101.5
1996 r108.4 107.8 r99.4 r110.8 r100.7 r102.2
1997 r112.8 112.2 r99.5 r114.1 r101.5 r101.1
1998 r115.8 113.4 r97.9 r120.3 r105.6 r103.9
1999 r116.9 113.3 r96.9 r123.6 r106.2 r105.7
2000 r120.7 114.1 r94.5 r133.2 r110.8 r110.4
2001 r123.4 110.4 r89.4 r138.6 r112.1 r112.3
2002 r130.5 r110.7 r84.8 r151.6 r120.7 r116.1
2003 r136.7 r111.1 r81.3 r159.4 r124.1 r116.5
2004 r141.7 r112.4 r79.4 r167.8 r127.2 r118.5
2005 r148.7 r114.7 r77.2 175.9 129.0 r118.3
2006 r148.9 r115.1 r77.2 r178.6 r126.8 r119.9
2007 r152.0 r116.0 r76.3 r187.7 r129.7 r123.5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes following Table 6. May 7, 2008
r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States Department of Labor
