Technical information: (202) 691-6378 USDL 07-0673 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT Media contact: 691-5902 Wednesday, May 9, 2007 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF FAMILIES IN 2006 In 2006, the share of families with an unemployed member declined to 6.4 percent from 7.0 percent in the prior year, the Bureau of Labor Sta- tistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The proportion of families with an unemployed member has declined each year since 2003, when it was 8.1 percent. Of the nation’s 77.0 million families, 82.4 percent had at least one employed member in 2006, essentially unchanged from 2005. These data on employment, unemployment, and family relationships are collected as part of the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly sample survey of approximately 60,000 households. Families include married-couple families, as well as families maintained by a man or woman with no spouse present; some families have children while others do not. For further information about the CPS, see the Technical Note. Families and Unemployment In 2006, 4.9 million families had at least one member who was unemployed, down from 5.3 million in 2005. The proportion of black families with an un- employed member (11.4 percent) continued to be about twice that for white (5.6 percent) and Asian (5.2 percent) families. For Hispanic families, about 8.0 percent had an unemployed member. For each of these groups, the propor- tion of families with an unemployed member in 2006 was down from the prior year. (See table 1.) In families with an unemployed member, 69.6 percent also had at least one employed member in 2006, about the same as in 2005. Among married-couple families with unemployment in 2006, 82.3 percent contained an employed member. Among families maintained by men with an unemployed member, 58.3 percent had an employed member in 2006; for families headed by women, the proportion was 47.3 percent. These proportions were little changed from the prior year for these three family types. (See table 3.) Families and Employment In 2006, the proportion of all families with at least one employed member, at 82.4 percent, was about unchanged from the prior year. There was little or no change in the proportion of families with employed members among white (82.7 percent), black (78.1 percent), and Asian (89.9 percent) families. For Hispanic families, the share with an employed member edged up in 2006 to 87.2 percent. (See table 1.) Among married-couple families, 83.8 percent had an employed member in 2006, unchanged from 2005. For families maintained by men or women (no spouse pre- sent), the proportions with an employed member were 84.9 and 76.0 percent, respectively. Both proportions were little changed from the prior year. (See table 2.) The proportion of married-couple families in which only the husband worked declined to 19.8 percent in 2006 from 20.2 percent in 2005. The proportion of married-couple families in which only the wife worked remained at 6.5 percent. The proportion that were dual-worker couples (both husband and wife employed) rose from 51.3 to 51.8 percent. (See table 2.) - 2 - Families with Children Just under half of all families include children (sons, daughters, step-children, and adopted children) under age 18. In 2006, among the 35.6 million families with children under 18, 90.5 percent had an em- ployed parent, up by 0.3 percentage point from 2005. The 2006 proportion was still below the most recent peak of 92.0 percent in 2000. In 2006, the mother was employed in 72.0 percent of families maintained by women, and the father was employed in 83.5 percent of those maintained by men. Among married-couple families, 97.3 percent had an employed parent in 2006, up from 97.1 percent in 2005. The proportion of married-couple families in which both parents were employed rose by 0.7 percentage point to 62.0 per- cent in 2006. (See table 4.) Mothers The labor force participation rate for all mothers, at 70.9 percent, was little changed in 2006; it most recently peaked at 72.3 percent in 2000. The participation rate of married mothers (68.6 percent) was also about unchanged in 2006. The proportion of unmarried mothers--those who were widowed, divorced, separated, or never married--who were in the labor force in 2006 was 76.6 percent, about the same as in the prior year. In 2006, the unemployment rate for all mothers with children under 18 declined by 0.5 percentage point to 4.8 percent. The jobless rate for married mothers, at 3.1 percent in 2006, also fell by 0.5 percentage point over the year. The rate for unmarried mothers edged down in 2006 to 8.5 percent. For all mothers with children under 6 years, the unemployment rate decreased to 6.0 percent in 2006. (See table 5.) Among mothers with children younger than a year old, 56.1 percent were in the labor force in 2006, slightly higher than in the prior year. The labor force participation rate for unmarried mothers with children under a year old rose by 4.3 percentage points to 59.0 percent in 2006, while the rate for married mothers, at 55.0 percent, was about unchanged. The unem- ployment rate for all mothers of children under age 1 was 7.4 percent in 2006, little changed from 2005. (See table 6.) - 3 - Technical Note The estimates in this release are based on annual average data from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a national sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted monthly for the Bureau of Labor Statistics by the U.S. Census Bureau. The information relates to the labor force status of persons 16 years old and over in the civilian noninstitutional population during an "average" week of the year. The data for 2006 presented in this release are not strictly comparable with data for 2005 and earlier years because of the introduction in January 2006 of revised population controls used in the CPS. The effect of the re- vised population controls on the family estimates is unknown. However, the effect of the new controls on the monthly CPS estimates was to decrease the December 2005 employment level by 123,000 and the unemployment level by 8,000. The updated controls had little or no effect on unemployment rates and other ratios. For additional information, see "Adjustments to Household Survey Pop- ulation Estimates in January 2006," available on the Internet at http://www. bls.gov/cps/cps06adj.pdf. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request: Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies de- pending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and information on estimating standard errors, see the "Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error" section of Employment and Earnings. - 4 - Definitions Definitions of the principal terms used in this release are presented below. Family. A family is a group of two or more persons residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption. The count of families is for "primary" families only, that is, the householder and all other persons related to and residing with the householder. Families are classified either as married-couple families or as families maintained by women or men without spouses. Householder. The householder is the family reference person. This is the person (or one of the persons) in whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The relationship of other individuals in the household is defined in terms of relationship to the householder. The race or ethnicity of the family is determined by that of the householder. Married, spouse present; other marital status. These terms denote the marital status of individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present, refers to husbands and wives living together in the same household, even though one may be temporarily absent on business, on vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, or for other reasons. Other marital status includes persons who are never-married; married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent relates to persons who are separated due to marital problems, as well as husbands and wives who are living apart because one or the other was employed elsewhere, on duty with the Armed Forces, or any other reasons. Children. Data on children refer to own children and include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children, of the husband, wife, or person maintaining the family. Not included are nieces, nephews, grand- children, other related children, and all unrelated children living in the household. Employed. Employed persons are (a) all those who, during the survey reference week, did any work at all as paid employees, worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in a family-operated enterprise; and (b) all those who did not work but had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent due to illness, bad weather, vacation, child-care problems, labor disputes, or personal reasons, whether or not they were paid for the time off and whether or not they were seeking other jobs. Unemployed. The unemployed are persons who had no employment during the reference week, were available for work at that time, and had made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not be looking for work to be classified as unemployed. Civilian labor force. The civilian labor force comprises all persons classified as employed or unemployed. Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. Labor force participation rate. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population. Table 1. Employment and unemployment in families by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2005-06 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Characteristic 2005 2006 Total Total families...................................................... 76,443 77,017 With employed member(s)........................................... 62,933 63,492 As percent of total families................................ 82.3 82.4 Some usually work full time (1).......................... 58,276 58,918 With no employed member........................................... 13,509 13,525 As percent of total families................................ 17.7 17.6 With unemployed member(s)......................................... 5,318 4,913 As percent of total families................................ 7.0 6.4 Some member(s) employed......................................... 3,717 3,419 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)......... 69.9 69.6 Some usually work full time (1)............................... 3,310 3,049 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)...... 62.2 62.1 White Total families...................................................... 62,567 62,977 With employed member(s)........................................... 51,645 52,054 As percent of total families................................ 82.5 82.7 Some usually work full time (1).......................... 47,883 48,395 With no employed member........................................... 10,922 10,923 As percent of total families................................ 17.5 17.3 With unemployed member(s)......................................... 3,801 3,556 As percent of total families................................ 6.1 5.6 Some member(s) employed ........................................ 2,782 2,582 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)......... 73.2 72.6 Some usually work full time (1)............................... 2,477 2,306 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)...... 65.2 64.8 Black or African American Total families...................................................... 8,952 9,058 With employed member(s)........................................... 6,986 7,078 As percent of total families................................ 78.0 78.1 Some usually work full time (1).......................... 6,353 6,437 With no employed member........................................... 1,966 1,980 As percent of total families................................ 22.0 21.9 With unemployed member(s)......................................... 1,140 1,036 As percent of total families................................ 12.7 11.4 Some member(s) employed......................................... 657 596 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)......... 57.7 57.6 Some usually work full time (1)............................... 583 526 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)...... 51.1 50.8 Asian Total families...................................................... 3,218 3,251 With employed member(s)........................................... 2,889 2,924 As percent of total families................................ 89.8 89.9 Some usually work full time (1).......................... 2,741 2,772 With no employed member........................................... 329 327 As percent of total families................................ 10.2 10.1 With unemployed member(s)......................................... 199 171 As percent of total families................................ 6.2 5.2 Some member(s) employed......................................... 160 137 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)......... 80.7 80.4 Some usually work full time (1)............................... 145 123 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)...... 72.8 72.2 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity Total families...................................................... 9,603 9,905 With employed member(s)........................................... 8,312 8,641 As percent of total families................................ 86.6 87.2 Some usually work full time (1).......................... 7,786 8,129 With no employed member........................................... 1,291 1,264 As percent of total families................................ 13.4 12.8 With unemployed member(s)......................................... 860 793 As percent of total families................................ 9.0 8.0 Some member(s) employed......................................... 606 544 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)......... 70.5 68.6 Some usually work full time (1)............................... 544 491 As percent of families with unemployed member(s)...... 63.2 61.9 1 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. NOTE: The race or ethnicity of the family is determined by that of the householder. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore, are classified by ethnicity as well as by race. Data for 2006 reflect revised population controls used in the Current Population Survey. Table 2. Families by presence and relationship of employed members and family type, 2005-06 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Percent Number distribution Characteristic 2005 2006 2005 2006 MARRIED-COUPLE FAMILIES Total.................. 57,167 57,509 100.0 100.0 Member(s) employed, total...... 47,895 48,196 83.8 83.8 Husband only............... 11,562 11,399 20.2 19.8 Wife only.................. 3,715 3,754 6.5 6.5 Husband and wife........... 29,330 29,799 51.3 51.8 Other employment combinations.............. 3,288 3,244 5.8 5.6 No member(s) employed.......... 9,272 9,313 16.2 16.2 FAMILIES MAINTAINED BY WOMEN (1) Total.................. 14,035 14,208 100.0 100.0 Member(s) employed, total..... 10,609 10,796 75.6 76.0 Householder only.......... 6,052 6,103 43.1 43.0 Householder and other member(s)................ 2,830 2,955 20.2 20.8 Other member(s), not householder............... 1,727 1,738 12.3 12.2 No member(s) employed........... 3,426 3,412 24.4 24.0 FAMILIES MAINTAINED BY MEN (1) Total.................. 5,242 5,300 100.0 100.0 Member(s) employed, total...... 4,430 4,500 84.5 84.9 Householder only.......... 2,093 2,089 39.9 39.4 Householder and other member(s)................ 1,639 1,715 31.3 32.4 Other member(s), not householder.............. 698 696 13.3 13.1 No member(s) employed.......... 812 800 15.5 15.1 1 No spouse present. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Data for 2006 reflect revised population controls used in the Current Population Survey. Table 3. Unemployment in families by presence and relationship of employed members and family type, 2005-06 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Percent Number distribution Characteristic 2005 2006 2005 2006 MARRIED-COUPLE FAMILIES With unemployed member(s), total......................... 3,243 2,968 100.0 100.0 No member employed............. 580 526 17.9 17.7 Some member(s) employed........ 2,664 2,442 82.1 82.3 Husband unemployed........... 1,190 1,061 36.7 35.7 Wife employed.............. 753 679 23.2 22.9 Wife unemployed.............. 1,004 898 31.0 30.3 Husband employed........... 873 772 26.9 26.0 Other family member unemployed.................. 1,049 1,010 32.4 34.0 FAMILIES MAINTAINED BY WOMEN (1) With unemployed member(s), total......................... 1,539 1,429 100.0 100.0 No member employed........... 797 753 51.8 52.7 Some member(s) employed...... 743 675 48.2 47.3 Householder unemployed...... 746 688 48.5 48.2 Other member(s) employed... 161 132 10.5 9.3 Other member(s) unemployed... 793 740 51.5 51.8 FAMILIES MAINTAINED BY MEN (1) With unemployed member(s), total......................... 536 516 100.0 100.0 No member employed........... 225 215 42.1 41.7 Some member(s) employed...... 310 301 57.9 58.3 Householder unemployed...... 301 284 56.1 55.0 Other member(s) employed... 122 118 22.8 22.8 Other member(s) unemployed... 235 232 43.9 45.0 1 No spouse present. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Data for 2006 reflect revised population controls used in the Current Population Survey. Table 4. Families with own children: Employment status of parents by age of youngest child and family type, 2005-06 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Percent Number distribution Characteristic 2005 2006 2005 2006 WITH OWN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS Total.......................... 35,402 35,605 100.0 100.0 Parent(s) employed............... 31,917 32,216 90.2 90.5 No parent employed............... 3,485 3,388 9.8 9.5 Married-couple families.......... 24,942 25,022 100.0 100.0 Parent(s) employed.............. 24,218 24,344 97.1 97.3 Mother employed................ 16,501 16,721 66.2 66.8 Both parents employed......... 15,298 15,516 61.3 62.0 Mother employed, not father... 1,203 1,205 4.8 4.8 Father employed, not mother... 7,716 7,623 30.9 30.5 Neither parent employed......... 724 678 2.9 2.7 Families maintained by women (1). 8,347 8,407 100.0 100.0 Mother employed................ 5,943 6,054 71.2 72.0 Mother not employed............ 2,404 2,352 28.8 28.0 Families maintained by men (1)... 2,113 2,176 100.0 100.0 Father employed................ 1,756 1,818 83.1 83.5 Father not employed............ 357 359 16.9 16.5 WITH OWN CHILDREN 6 TO 17 YEARS, NONE YOUNGER Total......................... 20,202 20,283 100.0 100.0 Parent(s) employed............... 18,319 18,446 90.7 90.9 No parent employed............... 1,882 1,837 9.3 9.1 Married-couple families.......... 13,781 13,752 100.0 100.0 Parent(s) employed.............. 13,350 13,356 96.9 97.1 Mother employed................ 9,990 10,016 72.5 72.8 Both parents employed......... 9,210 9,245 66.8 67.2 Mother employed, not father... 780 771 5.7 5.6 Father employed, not mother... 3,360 3,339` 24.4 24.3 Neither parent employed......... 431 396 3.1 2.9 Families maintained by women (1). 5,147 5,195 100.0 100.0 Mother employed................ 3,913 3,976 76.0 76.5 Mother not employed............ 1,233 1,219 24.0 23.5 Families maintained by men (1)... 1,274 1,336 100.0 100.0 Father employed................ 1,056 1,114 82.9 83.4 Father not employed............ 218 222 17.1 16.6 WITH OWN CHILDREN UNDER 6 YEARS Total.......................... 15,200 15,322 100.0 100.0 Parent(s) employed............... 13,598 13,770 89.5 89.9 No parent employed............... 1,602 1,551 10.5 10.1 Married-couple families.......... 11,161 11,270 100.0 100.0 Parent(s) employed.............. 10,868 10,989 97.4 97.5 Mother employed................ 6,511 6,705 58.3 59.5 Both parents employed......... 6,089 6,271 54.6 55.6 Mother employed, not father... 422 434 3.8 3.8 Father employed, not mother... 4,357 4,284 39.0 38.0 Neither parent employed......... 293 281 2.6 2.5 Families maintained by women (1). 3,200 3,212 100.0 100.0 Mother employed................ 2,030 2,078 63.4 64.7 Mother not employed............ 1,170 1,133 36.6 35.3 Families maintained by men (1)... 839 840 100.0 100.0 Father employed................ 700 704 83.5 83.8 Father not employed............ 139 136 16.5 16.2 1 No spouse present. NOTE: Own children include sons, daughters ,step-children, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Data for 2006 reflect revised population controls used in the Current Population Survey. Table 5. Employment status of the population by sex, marital status, and presence and age of own children under 18, 2005-06 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) 2005 2006 Characteristic Total Men Women Total Men Women WITH OWN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS Civilian noninstitutional population............ 64,482 28,065 36,417 64,680 28,188 36,492 Civilian labor force........................... 52,056 26,399 25,657 52,391 26,530 25,861 Participation rate...................... 80.7 94.1 70.5 81.0 94.1 70.9 Employed..................................... 49,882 25,587 24,294 50,388 25,774 24,614 Employment-population ratio............. 77.4 91.2 66.7 77.9 91.4 67.4 Full-time workers (1)..................... 42,852 24,713 18,139 43,485 24,884 18,601 Part-time workers (2)..................... 7,029 875 6,155 6,902 890 6,013 Unemployed................................... 2,174 811 1,363 2,004 756 1,247 Unemployment rate....................... 4.2 3.1 5.3 3.8 2.9 4.8 Married, spouse present Civilian noninstitutional population............ 51,519 25,578 25,942 51,670 25,648 26,022 Civilian labor force........................... 41,905 24,215 17,690 42,136 24,295 17,842 Participation rate...................... 81.3 94.7 68.2 81.5 94.7 68.6 Employed..................................... 40,614 23,556 17,058 40,960 23,680 17,280 Employment-population ratio............. 78.8 92.1 65.8 79.3 92.3 66.4 Full-time workers (1)..................... 35,086 22,808 12,278 35,500 22,925 12,575 Part-time workers (2)..................... 5,528 748 4,780 5,460 755 4,705 Unemployed................................... 1,291 659 632 1,176 614 562 Unemployment rate....................... 3.1 2.7 3.6 2.8 2.5 3.1 Other marital status (3) Civilian noninstitutional population............ 12,963 2,487 10,475 13,010 2,541 10,470 Civilian labor force........................... 10,151 2,184 7,967 10,255 2,236 8,019 Participation rate...................... 78.3 87.8 76.1 78.8 88.0 76.6 Employed..................................... 9,268 2,032 7,236 9,427 2,094 7,333 Employment-population ratio............. 71.5 81.7 69.1 72.5 82.4 70.0 Full-time workers (1)..................... 7,766 1,905 5,861 7,985 1,960 6,026 Part-time workers (2)..................... 1,502 127 1,375 1,442 134 1,308 Unemployed................................... 883 152 731 827 142 686 Unemployment rate....................... 8.7 7.0 9.2 8.1 6.3 8.5 WITH OWN CHILDREN 6 TO 17 YEARS, NONE YOUNGER Civilian noninstitutional population............ 35,937 15,590 20,348 35,912 15,594 20,318 Civilian labor force........................... 30,068 14,496 15,572 30,100 14,515 15,585 Participation rate...................... 83.7 93.0 76.5 83.8 93.1 76.7 Employed..................................... 28,953 14,066 14,887 29,076 14,124 14,952 Employment-population ratio............. 80.6 90.2 73.2 81.0 90.6 73.6 Full-time workers (1)..................... 25,074 13,606 11,468 25,277 13,648 11,629 Part-time workers (2)..................... 3,880 460 3,419 3,799 476 3,323 Unemployed................................... 1,115 430 684 1,024 392 632 Unemployment rate....................... 3.7 3.0 4.4 3.4 2.7 4.1 WITH OWN CHILDREN UNDER 6 YEARS Civilian noninstitutional population............ 28,545 12,475 16,070 28,768 12,594 16,174 Civilian labor force........................... 21,988 11,903 10,085 22,291 12,015 10,276 Participation rate...................... 77.0 95.4 62.8 77.5 95.4 63.5 Employed..................................... 20,928 11,521 9,407 21,311 11,650 9,661 Employment-population ratio............. 73.3 92.4 58.5 74.1 92.5 59.7 Full-time workers (1)..................... 17,778 11,107 6,671 18,208 11,236 6,972 Part-time workers (2)..................... 3,150 414 2,736 3,103 414 2,689 Unemployed................................... 1,060 381 678 980 365 615 Unemployment rate....................... 4.8 3.2 6.7 4.4 3.0 6.0 WITH NO OWN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS Civilian noninstitutional population............ 159,751 79,237 80,514 162,438 80,719 81,718 Civilian labor force........................... 95,545 51,914 43,631 97,427 53,115 44,312 Participation rate...................... 59.8 65.5 54.2 60.0 65.8 54.2 Employed..................................... 90,171 48,709 41,462 92,460 50,148 42,312 Employment-population ratio............. 56.4 61.5 51.5 56.9 62.1 51.8 Full-time workers (1)..................... 72,515 41,496 31,019 74,638 42,859 31,780 Part-time workers (2)..................... 17,657 7,213 10,444 17,821 7,289 10,532 Unemployed................................... 5,374 3,205 2,169 4,967 2,967 2,000 Unemployment rate....................... 5.6 6.2 5.0 5.1 5.6 4.5 1 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 2 Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. 3 Includes never-married, divorced, separated, and widowed persons. NOTE: See NOTE, table 4. Table 6. Employment status of mothers with own children under 3 years old by single year of age of youngest child and marital status, 2005-06 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Civilian labor force Civilian Employed Unemployed noninsti- Percent tutional of population Total popula- Percent Full-time Part-time Percent tion Total of workers workers Number of popula- (1) (2) labor tion force 2005 TOTAL MOTHERS With own children under 3 years old 9,365 5,470 58.4 5,077 54.2 3,501 1,576 393 7.2 2 years .......................... 2,845 1,773 62.3 1,654 58.1 1,162 492 119 6.7 1 year ........................... 3,287 1,958 59.6 1,823 55.5 1,247 576 135 6.9 Under 1 year...................... 3,233 1,740 53.8 1,600 49.5 1,092 508 140 8.0 Married, spouse present With own children under 3 years old 6,951 3,939 56.7 3,776 54.3 2,588 1,188 164 4.2 2 years .......................... 2,118 1,268 59.9 1,214 57.3 840 374 55 4.3 1 year ........................... 2,435 1,389 57.0 1,337 54.9 901 436 52 3.7 Under 1 year...................... 2,398 1,282 53.5 1,225 51.1 847 378 58 4.5 Other marital status (3) With own children under 3 years old 2,414 1,531 63.4 1,301 53.9 913 388 230 15.0 2 years .......................... 726 504 69.5 440 60.6 322 118 64 12.7 1 year ........................... 852 569 66.8 486 57.0 346 139 83 14.6 Under 1 year...................... 836 457 54.7 375 44.9 245 130 82 18.0 2006 TOTAL MOTHERS With own children under 3 years old 9,431 5,675 60.2 5,315 56.4 3,751 1,564 360 6.3 2 years .......................... 2,864 1,847 64.5 1,746 61.0 1,280 466 101 5.5 1 year ........................... 3,318 2,006 60.5 1,883 56.7 1,305 577 123 6.1 Under 1 year...................... 3,248 1,822 56.1 1,686 51.9 1,166 520 136 7.4 Married, spouse present With own children under 3 years old 6,998 4,076 58.2 3,933 56.2 2,756 1,177 143 3.5 2 years .......................... 2,114 1,305 61.7 1,265 59.8 910 354 40 3.1 1 year ........................... 2,494 1,456 58.4 1,404 56.3 962 442 52 3.6 Under 1 year...................... 2,390 1,315 55.0 1,264 52.9 883 381 51 3.9 Other marital status (3) With own children under 3 years old 2,433 1,600 65.7 1,382 56.8 996 386 217 13.6 2 years .......................... 750 543 72.3 481 64.2 369 112 61 11.3 1 year ........................... 824 550 66.7 479 58.1 344 135 71 13.0 Under 1 year...................... 859 507 59.0 422 49.2 283 139 85 16.7 1 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 2 Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. 3 Includes never-married, divorced, separated, and widowed persons. NOTE: See NOTE, table 4.