TEXT Table 1. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected worker Table 2. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected Table 3. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected occupations and Table 4. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected injury or illness Table 4. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected injury or illness Table 5. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected Table 5. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected Table 6. Incidence rates1/ for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2/ per 10,000 Table 6. Incidence rates1/ for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2/ per 10,000 Table 7. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by Table 8. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by Table 9. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by Table 9. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by Table 10. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by Technical information: USDL-96-163 (202) 606-6170 FOR RELEASE: 10:00 A.M. EST Wednesday, May 8, 1996 Media Contact: K. Hoyle (202) 606-5902 CHARACTERISTICS OF INJURIES AND ILLNESSES RESULTING IN ABSENCES FROM WORK, 1994 Over the past three years, there were notable reductions in the incidence of injuries and illnesses resulting in workdays lost due to overexertion, bodily reaction, and being struck by or striking against an object (table A). Between 1993 and 1994, rates did not decline for other types of work injuries and increased somewhat for falls on the same level. These findings are from the national survey of work-related injuries and illnesses in private industry by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Table A. The manner in which workers sustained injuries and illnesses resulting in days away from work, 1992-94 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Event or Percent Cases per 10,000 workers exposure1/ distribution, 1992 1993 1994 1994 cases --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total ........................... 100 305 286 277 Bodily reaction and exertion ....... 44 135 128 121 Overexertion ..................... 27 86 81 76 Bodily reaction, e.g.,slip, twist. 11 34 32 30 Repetitive motion ................ 4 12 12 12 Contact with objects and equipment . 27 83 78 75 Struck by object ................. 13 39 37 36 Struck against object ............ 7 22 21 20 Caught in or compressed by equip- ment or objects ................. 4 13 12 12 Falls .............................. 18 49 47 49 Fall on same level ............... 12 31 31 33 Fall to lower level .............. 5 15 14 14 Exposure to harmful substances or environments ................... 5 15 14 14 Transportation incidents ........... 4 9 9 10 Assaults and violent acts .......... 1 4 3 3 Assaults by person(s) ............ 1 3 3 3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total and broad event or exposure categories may include data for classifications in addition to those shown separately. NOTE: Because of rounding and because of classifications not shown, percentages may not add to 100. - 2 - This release looks at the distribution and incidence rate of some 2-1/4 million cases in 1994 that resulted in at least a day away from work (beyond the day of injury or onset of illness) from four separate viewpoints: The nature of the disabling condition, the part of the body affected, the source producing the condition, and the way it occurred. Together, these data show, for example, that back sprains accounted for nearly a fourth of the survey cases and that such sprains commonly result from overexertion in maneuvering especially heavy or bulky objects, such as cartons of soft drinks or health care patients. Besides these characteristics, the survey also identifies the occupation and other demographics of workers disabled and provides summary measures of the number of days away from work due to injury or illness. When tied to exposure hours or employment, such data enable researchers to identify industries, occupations, and worker groups having a relatively high risk of lost worktime injuries and illnesses and to focus on how those incidents occurred and their severity. High-risk industries The most hazardous industries often vary for different work hazards. For example, nursing homes and scheduled airlines/air courier services led all other industries in overexertion incidents, the most common way in which lost worktime injuries occur. But logging and wood container manufacturing topped the industry list for injured workers being struck by objects, while the roofing and water supply industries registered the highest rates for falls on the same level. The following tabulation lists the two industries with the highest incidence rate per 10,000 workers for each event or exposure shown. These 1994 industry rates ranged from about 4 times to over 10 times the national rates shown in table A for the same event or exposure category. Event or exposure Industry and rate (in parenthesis) Overexertion Nursing homes (318), Air transport (307) Struck by object Logging (241), Wood containers (227) Fall on same level Roofing (121), Water supply (118) Transportation incident Taxicabs (114), School buses (102) Repetitive motion Hats/millinery (104), Men's suits (89) Assault by person Residential care (40), nursing homes (37) High-risk occupations Just as certain industries are relatively hazardous, so are certain occupations. In measuring their relative risk, case shares are compared with employment shares for the same occupation. (The workforce data are 1994 annual averages from the Current Population Survey, conducted by the Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics.) Table B presents the 10 occupations with the most injuries and illnesses involving days away from work. Together, these 10 occupations accounted for about a third of the 2-1/4 million cases reported in 1994, double their share of employed workers. Eight of the 10 had case shares exceeding employment shares, with nonconstruction laborers, nursing aides, and construction laborers having the greatest disparity. In contrast, cooks and cashiers faced a lower injury risk than their employment shares would indicate; the large number of injuries and illnesses in these jobs reflected the workforce size of the occupations. - 3 - Table B. The 10 occupations with the largest number of injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, shares of case and employment totals, 1994 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number Percent of total Occupation1/ Cases Workers2/ Cases Workers2/ (In thousands) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- All occupations .............. 2,236.6 92,973 100.0 100.0 Total, 10 occupations ......... 728.7 14,636 32.6 15.7 Truckdrivers .................... 163.8 2,438 7.3 2.6 Laborers, nonconstruction ....... 147.3 1,137 6.6 1.2 Nursing aides, orderlies ........ 101.8 1,359 4.6 1.5 Janitors and cleaners ........... 60.6 1,407 2.7 1.5 Laborers, construction .......... 55.7 674 2.5 0.7 Assemblers ...................... 53.0 1,167 2.4 1.3 Carpenters ...................... 37.4 869 1.7 0.9 Stock handlers and baggers ...... 37.2 1,121 1.7 1.2 Cooks ........................... 36.3 1,838 1.6 2.0 Cashiers ........................ 35.6 2,626 1.6 2.8 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/Excludes occupations designated either as "not elsewhere classified" or "not specified." 2/Private wage and salary workers, excluding private household workers. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, 1994, and Current Population Survey, 1994 Annual Averages. Worker and case characteristics Besides individual occupations, the BLS survey provides injury and illness information by sex and age of worker, occupational group, length of service with employer at the time of the incident, and race or ethnic origin (tables 1 and 2). Following are highlights of the 1994 findings for these worker traits: *Men accounted for two-thirds of the 2-1/4 million cases, a proportion somewhat higher than their share (55 percent) of all private wage and salary workers. *Workers aged 25 to 44 accounted for nearly three-fifths of the cases; the rest were about evenly divided between younger and older workers. *Operators, fabricators, and laborers led all other occupational groups, accounting for fully two-fifths of the case total. This group includes three of the five individual jobs with the largest number of lost worktime cases--truckdrivers, laborers, except construction, and construction laborers (table 3). *Most workers had at least a year of service with their employer when they sustained their injury or illness. Indeed, a fourth had over five years, suggesting that many experienced workers incur lost worktime injuries. Case characteristics help identify the disabling condition resulting from the lost worktime incident and how the incident happened. As mentioned earlier, the survey contains four characteristics used to - 4 - describe each disabling injury or illness (tables 4 through 6). To illustrate, consider an injury to a nursing aide who sprains her back while lifting a patient. The nature, or physical effect, is a sprain or strain; the part of the body affected, her back; the event, overexertion while lifting; and the source, the health care patient. Of the four characteristics, only the source changes when coding a similar incident for a truckdriver who sprains his back trying to lift a box. Following are highlights of the 1994 findings for these case characteristics: *Sprain and strain was, by far, the leading nature of injury and illness in every major industry division, ranging from slightly more than a third to a half of each division's case total. *The trunk, including the back, was the body part most affected by disabling work incidents in every major industry division. Most other injuries and illnesses were to upper or lower extremities. *No one source of injury or illness stood out, although four had at least a tenth of the case total: Floors and other surfaces, worker motion or position, containers, and parts and materials. *Overexertion while maneuvering objects led all other disabling events or exposures, cited in a sixth to a third of the cases in every industry division. *Industry divisions with the lowest and highest incidence rates can vary by event or exposure. Mining, for example, had the lowest rate of repetitive motion, but the highest rate of workers caught in or compressed by equipment or objects. Injury and illness severity Besides identifying high-risk situations, the survey also helps researchers focus on those kinds of injuries and illnesses resulting in the lengthiest absences from work. (tables 7 through 10). Median days away from work--the key survey measure of duration--designates the point at which half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days. The median number of lost workdays for all cases was 5 days in 1994, with about a fourth of the cases resulting in 21 days or more away from work. The survey also found the following patterns: *Injury and illness duration increases with age, doubling from a median of four or five days for workers aged 20 to 35 to a 10-day median for those 55 years and over. *Among major disabling conditions, median days away from work were highest for carpal tunnel syndrome (30 days), amputations (24 days), and fractures (20 days). *Repetitive motion, such as grasping tools, scanning groceries, and typing, resulted in the longest absences from work among the leading events and exposures--a median of 18 days. Falls to a lower level and transportation incidents had 10-day medians. - 5 - *Medians varied little among occupations having relatively large numbers of injuries and illnesses. In these groups, the medians were commonly five days, with a low of four days for food preparers, kitchen workers, welders, and registered nurses and a high of eight days for truckdrivers, carpenters, and electricians. *Medians also varied little among major industry divisions (ranging from five to eight days), except for mining (with a median of 16 days). More variation occurred among individual industries. Assaults by persons profiled Violence has emerged as an important safety issue in today's workplace. In 1994, some 20,000 incidents involving assaults and other violent acts by persons that resulted in lost workday injuries and illnesses were reported in the survey. Women were the victims in nearly three-fifths of these assaults, much higher than their one-third share of lost worktime cases in private industry. The survey enables researchers to analyze a specific injury and illness problem, like nonfatal assaults, in some detail. Table C illustrates this survey capability, showing detailed information by type of violent act, the industries and occupations most affected, and other characteristics of nonfatal assaults. Nonfatal violent acts most commonly took the form of "hitting, kicking, and beating," accounting for slightly more than two-fifths of all nonfatal assaults. Next in frequency were violent acts best described as "squeezing, pinching, scratching, or twisting." These were about an eighth of all nonfatal assaults. At five days, the median absence from work related to disabling assaults equaled the national median. Slightly more than a fifth of the nonfatal assaults resulted in injuries lasting 21 days or more. Service workers were at especially high risk of nonfatal assaults. This occupational group accounted for more than two-fifths of the lost workday cases resulting from assaults by persons, compared with its one- eighth share of all private wage and salary workers, except private household. Nursing aides and orderlies accounted for more than half of all assaulted service workers. They and other workers in health and residential care occupations (nurses and social workers, for example) were assaulted primarily by patients or residents who resisted their help or were prone to violence. Retail operations, such as groceries, restaurants, and department stores, accounted for a sixth of the cases resulting from nonfatal assaults. The perpetrators of these violent acts included co-workers, customers, visitors, and robbers. The victims spanned a wide range of occupations, including cashiers, stock handlers, food service managers, food preparers, and food servers. One-sixth of the nonfatal assaults took place outside of the services and retail industries. Examples of these acts included assaults on truckdrivers, bank tellers, and assembly-line workers. - 6 - Table C. Percent distribution of nonfatal assaults by persons resulting in injuries and illnesses with days away from work, by selected characteristics, 1994 Total nonfatal assaults by persons Number.............20,438 Percent...............100 Violent act Sex of injured Percent.................... 100 Percent...................... 100 Hitting, kicking, beating..... 43 Women........................... 58 Squeezing, pinching, Men............................. 41 scratching, twisting......... 12 Biting........................ 3 Age of injured Threat or verbal assault...... 3 Shooting...................... 2 Percent...................... 100 Stabbing...................... 1 Under 25 years.................. 22 Other specified (e.g., resist- 25 to 54 years.................. 70 ing capture) and unspecified. 37 55 years and over............... 5 Not reported.................... 3 Workdays lost Source of injury1/ Percent.................... 100 Percent...................... 100 1 to 5 days................... 54 Persons, other than injured..... 88 6 to 10 days.................. 14 Health care patient........... 48 11 to 20 days................. 10 Co-worker, former co-worker... 8 21 days or more............... 22 Other, e.g., visitor, robber.. 29 Median days lost..........5 days Other source.................... 12 Occupation of injured Industry of injured Percent.................... 100 Percent...................... 100 Service occupations........... 44 Services........................ 67 Nursing aides, orderlies.... 27 Health services............... 38 Guards, police (private).... 7 Nursing homes............... 24 Health aides, except nursing 3 Hospitals................... 11 Managerial and professional Social services............... 16 specialty.................... 21 Residential care............ 10 Registered nurses........... 7 Job training,rehabilitation. 4 Social workers.............. 3 Business services............. 5 Technical, sales, and admini- Educational services(private). 3 strative support............. 21 Retail trade.................... 16 Cashiers.................... 4 Grocery stores................ 5 Licensed practical nurses... 4 Eating and drinking places.... 3 Operators, fabricators, and Department stores............. 3 laborers..................... 10 Transportation,public utilities. 5 Truckdrivers................ 2 Finance, insurance, real estate. 4 Other......................... 3 Manufacturing................... 4 Other........................... 4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/The source of injury identifies the object, substance, bodily motion, person, or exposure which directly produced or inflicted the injury. NOTE: Overall categories may include data for categories not shown. Because of rounding and because of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to totals. SOURCE: BLS Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, 1994. - 7 - Technical note The Bureau of Labor Statistics has reported annually on the number of days away from work injuries and illnesses in private industry and the rate of such incidents since the early 1970s. The 1994 national survey marks the third year that BLS has collected additional detailed information on such cases in the form of worker and case characteristics data, including workdays lost, summarized in this release. (Counts and rates for cases without lost workdays and related measures also date back to the early 1970s. But because of limited resources, additional detail on less serious cases such as these has not been collected.) The number and frequency (incidence rates) of these cases are based on logs and other records kept by private industry employers throughout the year. These records reflect not only the year's injury and illness experience but also the employer's understanding of which cases are work related under current recordkeeping guidelines of the U.S. Department of Labor. The number of injuries and illnesses reported in a given year also can be influenced by changes in the level of economic activity, working conditions and work practices, worker experience and training, and the number of hours worked. The survey continues to measure the number of new work-related illness cases which are recognized, diagnosed, and reported each year. In 1994, 117,300 of the nearly 2-1/4 million cases with days away from work were classified as illnesses. Some conditions, e.g., long-term latent illnesses caused by exposure to carcinogens, often are difficult to relate to the workplace and are not adequately recognized and reported. These long-term latent illnesses are believed to be understated in the survey. In contrast, the overwhelming majority of the reported new illnesses are those which are easier to directly relate to workplace activity (e.g., contact dermatitis or carpal tunnel syndrome). The Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses is a Federal/State program (50/50 funded) in which employer reports are collected from about 250,000 private industry establishments and processed by state agencies cooperating with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational injury and illness data for coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for railroad activities were provided by the Department of Labor's Mine Safety and Health Administration and the Department of Transportation's Federal Railroad Administration. The survey excludes all fatalities at work and work-related nonfatal injuries and illnesses to the self employed; to workers on farms with fewer than 11 employees; to private household workers; and to employees in federal, state, and local government agencies. The survey estimates of the characteristics of cases with days away from work are based on a scientifically selected probability sample, rather than a census of the entire population. Two levels of sampling were used. First, establishments were selected to represent themselves and, in many instances, other establishments of like industry and workforce size that were not selected that survey year. Then, sampled establishments projected to have large numbers of days away from work cases were instructed before the survey began on how to sample those cases to minimize the burden of their response; an establishment expected to have 20 or fewer cases, however, was instructed to report on each case, regardless of the actual number it logged for 1994. The sample used was one of many possible samples, each of which could have produced different estimates. The variation in the sample across all possible samples that could have been drawn is measured by the standard error. For - 8 - example, the 20,438 nonfatal assaults by persons has an estimated relative standard error of 1.6 percent, or about 325 cases. Such errors have been calculated for each estimate and are available upon request. The data are also subject to nonsampling error. The inability to obtain detailed information about all cases in the sample, mistakes in recording or coding the data, and definitional difficulties are general examples of nonsampling error in the survey. Although not measured, nonsampling errors will always occur when statistics are gathered. However, BLS has implemented quality assurance procedures to reduce nonsampling error in the survey, including a rigorous training program for State coders and a continuing effort to encourage survey participants to respond fully and accurately to all survey elements. The four case characteristics used to describe lost worktime injury and illness are based on definitions and rules of selection stipulated in the 1992 BLS Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System. The occupation of the injured or ill worker is based on the 1990 Occupational Classification System developed by the Bureau of the Census. Industrial classification of establishments is based on the 1987 edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual. Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries As part of its current safety and health statistical system, the Bureau published complete counts and characteristics of fatal work injuries. The latest information for 1994 was released in August 1995. For 1994, the BLS Census counted about 6,600 fatal work injuries, of which about 4,700 were private wage and salary workers, nearly 700 worked in government, and virtually all the rest were self employed individuals. Highway incidents and homicides were the leading ways in which workers were fatally injured, together over a third of the fatality total. Worker and Case Characteristics: Supplementary Tables The BLS has generated 75 tables that expand on information contained in the 10 tables included in this news release. The supplementary tables, for example, provide injury and illness counts for several hundred industries and occupations, as well as detailing the categories within the nature of injury or illness, part of body affected, source of injury or illness, and event or exposure. The characteristic featured in a table often is cross tabulated with selected categories of another characteristic, for example, detailed occupation by event or exposure. The latter table is useful in profiling the major ways that workers are hurt in high-risk jobs. Because of space limitations, a fuller description or listing of these tables is not possible in this release. Both, however, can be obtained from BLS staff. Contact (202) 606-6170. The 75 tables are available on the Internet at the following location: ftp://stats.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ocwc/osh/c_d_data/ Table 1. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected worker characteristics and industry division, 1994 (Numbers in thousands) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | |Goods-producing |Service-producing | Private|Agricul-| | | |Trans-| | |Finance,| Characteristic |industry| ture, | | | |porta-| | | insur- | | 2/ |forestry|Mining|Con- |Manu- |tion &|Whole-|Retail| ance, &|Serv- | | and | 3/ |struc-|fac- |public|sale |trade | real |ices | |fishing | |tion |turing|utili-|trade | | estate | | | 2/ | | | |ties3/| | | | _________________________________________|________|________|______|______|______|______|______|______|________|_______ Total............................... 2,236.6 41.0 20.7 218.8 584.3 241.7 165.7 394.6 55.3 514.4 Sex: Men.................................... 1,483.2 33.9 20.2 213.3 430.8 188.5 141.7 220.4 26.6 207.9 Women.................................. 730.8 7.0 .5 4.4 149.7 42.7 23.3 171.6 28.5 303.2 Age: 4/ 14 to 15 years......................... 1.2 .1 - - .1 - .2 .4 .1 .3 16 to 19 years......................... 97.3 2.0 .2 7.4 18.5 4.7 5.4 40.3 1.0 17.7 20 to 24 years......................... 307.8 8.0 2.0 28.4 74.6 26.0 23.8 72.0 5.9 67.1 25 to 34 years......................... 708.0 13.3 5.2 82.2 181.2 80.9 56.7 119.8 16.2 152.7 35 to 44 years......................... 576.9 8.9 7.2 58.3 160.9 67.8 43.6 80.1 13.8 136.3 45 to 54 years......................... 327.9 4.4 4.2 25.0 95.5 39.7 21.0 44.6 10.6 83.0 55 to 64 years......................... 147.5 2.6 1.3 10.1 40.9 16.1 9.5 22.3 5.4 39.3 65 years and over...................... 21.0 .6 .1 .8 3.7 .8 1.4 5.7 1.0 7.1 Occupation: Managerial and professional specialty.. 118.2 .8 .5 2.9 8.8 3.7 4.9 14.3 6.8 75.5 Technical, sales, and administrative support............................. 336.0 1.2 .7 3.0 36.1 35.9 26.0 126.7 23.9 82.5 Service................................ 391.3 .6 .1 .9 12.4 12.9 2.3 105.9 12.5 243.5 Farming, forestry, and fishing......... 52.6 32.6 - .5 4.0 .2 2.3 1.5 3.1 8.3 Precision production, craft, and repair 372.3 1.3 10.1 128.2 98.4 29.5 20.3 40.8 5.5 38.2 Operators, fabricators, and laborers... 950.4 4.3 9.1 82.5 418.2 158.4 109.0 103.0 2.9 62.9 Length of service with employer: Less than 3 months..................... 308.0 10.5 2.6 48.8 69.1 22.2 24.2 62.5 4.1 63.9 3 to 11 months......................... 423.9 8.0 3.7 51.9 95.8 33.8 31.1 86.5 10.0 103.2 1 to 5 years........................... 707.3 12.4 5.5 67.2 165.3 64.6 54.3 130.2 20.2 187.6 More than 5 years...................... 595.8 7.7 7.4 37.8 203.3 81.6 46.6 77.2 16.1 118.3 Not reported........................... 201.6 2.4 1.5 13.1 50.8 39.7 9.6 38.2 4.9 41.5 Race or ethnic origin: White, non-Hispanic.................... 1,234.1 17.6 4.5 150.1 338.2 102.8 106.7 214.9 29.4 269.9 Black, non-Hispanic.................... 197.4 1.8 .3 12.2 54.7 18.8 13.6 26.2 5.1 64.7 Hispanic............................... 189.7 15.5 2.4 17.7 51.2 11.4 15.5 27.9 4.5 43.6 Asian or Pacific Islander.............. 33.9 .4 - 1.9 8.4 2.1 2.5 6.0 1.2 11.5 American Indian or Alaskan Native...... 7.2 .2 - 1.2 2.0 .5 .3 .8 .1 1.9 Not reported........................... 574.3 5.6 13.6 35.6 129.7 106.0 27.1 118.8 15.0 122.8 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 2/ Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 3/ Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal industries. 4/ Information is not shown separately in this release for injured workers under age 14; they accounted for 55 cases. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data or data not meeting publication guidelines. Because of rounding and nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals. Table 2. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected worker characteristics and industry division, 1994 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | |Goods-producing |Service-producing | Private|Agricul-| | | |Trans-| | |Finance,| Characteristic |industry| ture, | | | |porta-| | | insur- | | 2/ |forestry|Mining|Con- |Manu- |tion &|Whole-|Retail| ance, &|Serv- | | and | 3/ |struc-|fac- |public|sale |trade | real |ices | |fishing | |tion |turing|utili-|trade | | estate | | | 2/ | | | |ties3/| | | | _________________________________________|________|________|______|______|______|______|______|______|________|_______ Total [2,236,600 cases]........ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Sex: Men.................................... 66.3 82.6 97.4 97.5 73.7 78.0 85.5 55.8 48.0 40.4 Women.................................. 32.7 17.1 2.4 2.0 25.6 17.7 14.1 43.5 51.5 58.9 Age: 4/ 14 to 15 years......................... .1 .3 - - - - .1 .1 .1 .1 16 to 19 years......................... 4.3 4.8 1.0 3.4 3.2 2.0 3.3 10.2 1.8 3.4 20 to 24 years......................... 13.8 19.5 9.7 13.0 12.8 10.8 14.3 18.2 10.7 13.1 25 to 34 years......................... 31.7 32.4 24.9 37.5 31.0 33.5 34.2 30.4 29.2 29.7 35 to 44 years......................... 25.8 21.6 35.0 26.7 27.5 28.1 26.3 20.3 25.0 26.5 45 to 54 years......................... 14.7 10.7 20.1 11.4 16.3 16.4 12.7 11.3 19.2 16.1 55 to 64 years......................... 6.6 6.2 6.4 4.6 7.0 6.7 5.8 5.7 9.7 7.6 65 years and over...................... .9 1.4 .4 .4 .6 .3 .8 1.4 1.7 1.4 Occupation: Managerial and professional specialty.. 5.3 2.0 2.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 2.9 3.6 12.2 14.7 Technical, sales, and administrative support............................. 15.0 2.9 3.2 1.4 6.2 14.8 15.7 32.1 43.2 16.0 Service................................ 17.5 1.5 .6 .4 2.1 5.3 1.4 26.8 22.7 47.3 Farming, forestry, and fishing......... 2.4 79.4 - .2 .7 .1 1.4 .4 5.6 1.6 Precision production, craft, and repair 16.6 3.1 48.7 58.6 16.8 12.2 12.2 10.3 9.9 7.4 Operators, fabricators, and laborers... 42.5 10.5 43.8 37.7 71.6 65.5 65.8 26.1 5.3 12.2 Length of service with employer: Less than 3 months..................... 13.8 25.6 12.5 22.3 11.8 9.2 14.6 15.8 7.4 12.4 3 to 11 months......................... 19.0 19.5 17.9 23.7 16.4 14.0 18.7 21.9 18.1 20.1 1 to 5 years........................... 31.6 30.2 26.6 30.7 28.3 26.7 32.8 33.0 36.5 36.5 More than 5 years...................... 26.6 18.7 35.8 17.3 34.8 33.7 28.1 19.6 29.1 23.0 Not reported........................... 9.0 5.9 7.2 6.0 8.7 16.4 5.8 9.7 8.9 8.1 Race or ethnic origin: White, non-Hispanic.................... 55.2 42.9 21.8 68.6 57.9 42.5 64.4 54.5 53.1 52.5 Black, non-Hispanic.................... 8.8 4.4 1.2 5.6 9.4 7.8 8.2 6.6 9.2 12.6 Hispanic............................... 8.5 37.8 11.3 8.1 8.8 4.7 9.3 7.1 8.2 8.5 Asian or Pacific Islander.............. 1.5 .9 - .9 1.4 .9 1.5 1.5 2.1 2.2 American Indian or Alaskan Native...... .3 .4 - .6 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .4 Not reported........................... 25.7 13.7 65.4 16.3 22.2 43.9 16.3 30.1 27.1 23.9 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 2/ Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 3/ Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal industries. 4/ Information is not shown separately in this release for injured workers under age 14; they accounted for 55 cases. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data or data not meeting publication guidelines. Because of rounding and nonclassifiable responses, percentages may not add to 100. Table 3. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected occupations and industry division, 1994 (Numbers in thousands) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | |Goods-producing |Service-producing | Private|Agricul-| | | |Trans-| | |Finance,| Occupation |industry| ture, | | | |porta-| | | insur- | | 2/ |forestry|Mining|Con- |Manu- |tion &|Whole-|Retail| ance, &|Serv- | | and | 3/ |struc-|fac- |public|sale |trade | real |ices | |fishing | |tion |turing|utili-|trade | | estate | | | 2/ | | | |ties3/| | | | _________________________________________|________|________|______|______|______|______|______|______|________|______ Total.................................... 2,236.6 41.0 20.7 218.8 584.3 241.7 165.7 394.6 55.3 514.4 Truck drivers............................ 163.8 1.3 .8 5.9 15.1 86.0 26.4 18.0 .3 10.1 Laborers, nonconstruction................ 147.3 .5 2.2 - 52.5 11.0 39.5 23.3 1.5 16.8 Nursing aides, orderlies................. 101.8 - - - - - - - .6 101.2 Janitors and cleaners.................... 60.6 .4 .1 .4 10.8 1.8 1.9 7.1 7.7 30.5 Construction laborers.................... 55.7 - - 54.5 .2 .3 - .1 .1 .4 Assemblers............................... 53.0 .1 - .2 47.7 .1 2.6 .6 - 1.7 Carpenters............................... 37.4 - .1 29.3 3.6 .3 .5 1.6 .4 1.7 Stock handlers and baggers............... 37.2 - .1 - 1.7 .2 3.3 31.4 - .5 Cooks.................................... 36.3 - - - .2 .1 .1 23.9 .5 11.4 Cashiers................................. 35.6 - - - .1 .2 .7 32.1 .2 2.3 Miscellaneous food preparation........... 34.7 - - .1 .3 .1 .1 25.7 .3 8.1 Sales workers, miscellaneous commodities. 32.2 .1 - - .3 .1 1.3 28.6 .2 1.6 Welders and cutters...................... 30.3 .1 .5 3.0 22.6 .8 1.8 .1 - 1.4 Supervisors and proprietors, sales....... 29.8 - - .1 1.0 .1 4.0 23.1 .6 1.0 Registered nurses........................ 29.6 - - - - - - - .2 29.3 Maids and housemen....................... 28.7 - - .1 .1 - - .3 .7 27.6 Waiters and waitresses................... 22.1 - - .1 - .1 - 14.7 .3 6.9 Shipping and receiving clerks............ 22.0 .1 - .1 7.4 5.1 2.8 5.3 .2 1.2 Automobile mechanics..................... 21.5 - - - .6 .4 1.7 13.8 - 5.0 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm 20.5 8.7 - .5 .3 .1 .4 .9 3.0 6.5 Driver-sales workers..................... 18.7 - - - 6.3 1.0 7.0 2.3 .1 1.9 Electricians............................. 18.6 - .5 12.4 3.0 .6 .2 .1 .1 1.8 Farm workers............................. 17.4 16.1 - - .4 - .7 - .1 .1 Kitchen workers.......................... 16.4 - - - .1 .1 .1 14.5 - 1.6 Supervisors, production.................. 15.9 - .1 - 11.5 .6 1.0 1.1 .1 1.5 Packaging machine operators.............. 15.2 .1 - - 14.1 - .6 .2 - .3 Stock and inventory clerks............... 14.8 - - .2 3.7 .9 1.8 5.7 .1 2.4 Industrial machinery repairers........... 14.7 - 1.8 .1 10.8 .2 .9 .1 .1 .7 Health aides, except nursing............. 14.5 - - - - .1 - - .1 14.3 Textile sewing machine operators......... 14.2 - - - 14.0 - .1 - - .1 Guards and police, except public......... 14.1 - - .1 .5 .5 .1 1.5 .8 10.6 Industrial truck, tractor equipment operators............................... 14.0 0.5 0.6 0.3 6.9 1.7 2.3 1.4 - 0.3 Licensed practical nurses................ 13.9 - - - - - - - - 13.8 Plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters...... 13.7 - - 10.0 1.7 .4 .7 .1 0.1 .8 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 2/ Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 3/ Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal industries. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data or data not meeting publication guidelines. Because of rounding and occupations not shown, data may not sum to the totals. Table 4. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected injury or illness characteristics and industry division, 1994 (Numbers in thousands) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | |Goods-producing |Service-producing | Private|Agricul-| | | |Trans-| | |Finance,| Characteristic |industry| ture, | | | |porta-| | | insur- | | 2/ |forestry|Mining|Con- |Manu- |tion &|Whole-|Retail| ance, &|Serv- | | and | 3/ |struc-|fac- |public|sale |trade | real |ices | |fishing | |tion |turing|utili-|trade | | estate | | | 2/ | | | |ties3/| | | | _________________________________________|________|________|______|______|______|______|______|______|________|______ Total..................................... 2,236.6 41.0 20.7 218.8 584.3 241.7 165.7 394.6 55.3 514.4 Nature of injury, illness: Sprains, strains........................ 963.5 14.8 8.2 81.0 223.3 123.3 74.6 165.9 20.3 252.1 Bruises, contusions..................... 212.0 3.6 2.6 16.3 54.4 26.4 15.1 41.9 4.4 47.2 Cuts, lacerations....................... 164.6 4.5 1.4 20.3 48.9 8.0 11.0 43.7 2.9 24.0 Fractures............................... 138.5 2.9 2.1 21.2 36.2 13.7 11.1 20.2 4.6 26.6 Carpal tunnel syndrome.................. 38.3 .3 .1 1.4 17.6 2.6 2.4 4.9 2.6 6.4 Heat burns.............................. 37.3 .3 .3 3.0 9.5 1.1 1.1 14.7 .3 6.9 Tendonitis.............................. 25.2 .2 - .9 13.3 .9 1.7 3.0 .9 4.1 Chemical burns.......................... 16.5 .2 .2 1.8 5.7 .7 1.3 2.6 .4 3.5 Amputations............................. 12.2 .4 .2 1.0 6.7 .6 1.1 1.2 .1 1.0 Multiple injuries....................... 70.8 1.3 1.2 7.3 16.3 7.6 6.9 11.2 2.1 17.0 Part of body affected: Head.................................... 151.2 4.2 1.6 20.4 45.0 14.1 10.7 22.6 3.1 29.5 Eye................................... 83.5 2.7 .8 13.1 31.1 5.0 5.9 10.1 1.4 13.4 Neck.................................... 40.2 .4 .5 2.8 8.7 6.4 2.6 6.5 1.2 11.0 Trunk................................... 866.7 13.4 7.8 79.2 210.9 101.9 68.7 149.3 18.4 217.1 Shoulder.............................. 109.5 1.5 .8 9.6 31.0 14.4 8.3 17.2 2.5 24.2 Back.................................. 606.5 9.3 5.2 53.7 139.2 71.3 47.8 106.4 12.8 160.8 Upper extremities....................... 506.8 9.5 3.8 45.9 177.3 34.9 32.6 98.6 12.5 91.7 Wrist................................. 110.2 1.4 .4 7.7 40.2 9.1 6.4 18.1 4.9 22.0 Hand, except finger................... 88.1 2.3 .7 9.3 28.8 5.4 4.9 19.2 1.6 15.9 Finger................................ 187.4 3.8 1.9 17.5 71.1 9.8 12.3 39.2 2.8 29.0 Lower extremities....................... 443.8 9.3 4.9 49.9 99.2 57.5 34.9 79.7 10.9 97.4 Knee.................................. 149.1 3.1 1.9 17.3 31.9 18.6 10.1 27.1 3.9 35.1 Foot, except toe...................... 85.2 1.5 .9 10.6 21.4 9.0 8.1 15.9 1.8 15.9 Toe................................... 30.1 .5 .2 3.2 8.0 3.4 2.6 6.0 .5 5.6 Body systems............................ 32.6 .5 .1 2.3 7.2 2.9 1.8 5.5 2.2 9.9 Multiple parts.......................... 177.7 3.1 1.9 16.9 32.2 22.2 12.9 29.2 6.5 52.9 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table Table 4. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected injury or illness characteristics and industry division, 1994 (continued) (Numbers in thousands) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | |Goods-producing |Service-producing | Private|Agricul-| | | |Trans-| | |Finance,| Characteristic |industry| ture, | | | |porta-| | | insur- | | 2/ |forestry|Mining|Con- |Manu- |tion &|Whole-|Retail| ance, &|Serv- | | and | 3/ |struc-|fac- |public|sale |trade | real |ices | |fishing | |tion |turing|utili-|trade | | estate | | | 2/ | | | |ties3/| | | | _________________________________________|________|________|______|______|______|______|______|______|________|______ Source of injury, illness: Chemicals and chemical products......... 43.0 .6 1.7 3.3 14.7 2.2 2.4 6.5 1.2 10.4 Containers.............................. 329.0 3.8 1.1 10.8 82.3 54.5 37.1 85.1 6.0 48.3 Furniture and fixtures.................. 81.1 .3 .1 3.7 15.2 4.3 4.6 22.3 3.4 27.1 Machinery............................... 153.6 3.0 2.5 12.8 64.5 7.1 11.5 28.2 3.1 20.8 Parts and materials..................... 249.9 3.2 3.5 54.2 103.6 18.9 19.7 25.0 2.5 19.1 Worker motion or position............... 331.9 6.1 .8 26.7 109.7 35.5 22.0 49.4 11.0 70.8 Floors, walkways, ground surfaces....... 359.9 6.3 3.6 39.1 59.3 41.3 23.1 77.1 13.5 96.5 Tools, instruments, and equipment....... 133.3 3.7 1.8 23.0 38.6 7.5 6.7 24.1 2.6 25.3 Vehicles................................ 164.8 3.6 1.4 10.3 26.5 40.3 19.7 24.7 3.5 34.8 Health care patient..................... 93.0 - - - - 1.6 .1 - .4 91.0 Event or exposure: Contact with objects and equipment...... 607.1 13.4 8.3 72.9 196.2 51.2 46.7 112.0 10.3 96.0 Struck by object...................... 292.6 6.4 4.1 38.3 82.9 26.0 23.5 59.2 4.9 47.1 Struck against object................. 162.3 3.4 1.9 18.5 47.1 13.2 11.5 33.2 3.5 29.9 Caught in equipment or object......... 95.9 2.0 1.9 6.8 46.7 6.5 7.8 12.1 1.0 11.2 Fall to lower level..................... 111.3 3.1 1.9 24.7 17.3 14.6 9.5 15.4 3.9 20.8 Fall to same level...................... 265.6 3.8 2.0 18.3 45.4 27.2 14.7 65.1 10.4 78.7 Slips, trips, loss of balance without fall................. 72.5 1.6 .2 6.7 16.4 9.5 4.9 13.0 1.8 18.3 Overexertion............................ 613.3 7.1 5.4 49.9 151.8 71.0 50.9 100.7 11.2 165.2 Overexertion in lifting............... 367.4 4.0 2.1 28.5 86.2 42.5 33.1 70.2 6.8 94.1 Repetitive motion....................... 92.6 .7 .1 3.3 49.3 5.6 4.7 10.5 5.0 13.3 Exposure to harmful substances.......... 110.9 2.1 1.0 9.8 31.7 7.5 5.2 24.4 2.6 26.7 Transportation accidents................ 79.8 2.1 .6 6.2 9.5 19.8 8.5 10.3 2.4 20.4 Fires and explosions.................... 5.0 .1 .1 .8 1.2 .4 .3 1.0 .1 1.2 Assaults and violent acts by person..... 20.4 .1 - .2 .8 1.0 .5 3.2 .9 13.7 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 2/ Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 3/ Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal industries. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data or data not meeting publication guidelines. Because of rounding and classifications not shown, data may not sum to the totals. Table 5. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected injury or illness characteristics and industry division, 1994 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | |Goods-producing |Service-producing | Private|Agricul-| | | |Trans-| | |Finance,| Characteristic |industry| ture, | | | |porta-| | | insur- | | 2/ |forestry|Mining|Con- |Manu- |tion &|Whole-|Retail| ance, &|Serv- | | and | 3/ |struc-|fac- |public|sale |trade | real |ices | |fishing | |tion |turing|utili-|trade | | estate | | | 2/ | | | |ties3/| | | | _________________________________________|________|________|______|______|______|______|______|______|________|______ Total [2,236,600 cases].................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Nature of injury, illness: Sprains, strains........................ 43.1 36.2 39.7 37.0 38.2 51.0 45.0 42.0 36.6 49.0 Bruises, contusions..................... 9.5 8.9 12.6 7.5 9.3 10.9 9.1 10.6 7.9 9.2 Cuts, lacerations....................... 7.4 11.0 6.5 9.3 8.4 3.3 6.6 11.1 5.2 4.7 Fractures............................... 6.2 7.2 10.2 9.7 6.2 5.7 6.7 5.1 8.3 5.2 Carpal tunnel syndrome.................. 1.7 .8 .3 .7 3.0 1.1 1.4 1.3 4.7 1.3 Heat burns.............................. 1.7 .7 1.6 1.4 1.6 .5 .7 3.7 .6 1.3 Tendonitis.............................. 1.1 .6 - .4 2.3 .4 1.1 .8 1.6 .8 Chemical burns.......................... .7 .6 1.2 .8 1.0 .3 .8 .7 .7 .7 Amputations............................. .5 .9 1.0 .5 1.1 .2 .7 .3 .2 .2 Multiple injuries....................... 3.2 3.1 5.9 3.3 2.8 3.1 4.2 2.8 3.8 3.3 Part of body affected: Head.................................... 6.8 10.2 7.6 9.3 7.7 5.8 6.5 5.7 5.5 5.7 Eye................................... 3.7 6.5 4.0 6.0 5.3 2.1 3.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 Neck.................................... 1.8 1.0 2.4 1.3 1.5 2.6 1.6 1.7 2.2 2.1 Trunk................................... 38.8 32.8 37.6 36.2 36.1 42.2 41.4 37.8 33.2 42.2 Shoulder.............................. 4.9 3.6 4.1 4.4 5.3 5.9 5.0 4.4 4.6 4.7 Back.................................. 27.1 22.6 25.3 24.5 23.8 29.5 28.8 27.0 23.2 31.3 Upper extremities....................... 22.7 23.0 18.4 21.0 30.3 14.4 19.7 25.0 22.6 17.8 Wrist................................. 4.9 3.4 2.0 3.5 6.9 3.7 3.9 4.6 8.9 4.3 Hand, except finger................... 3.9 5.6 3.4 4.2 4.9 2.3 3.0 4.9 2.9 3.1 Finger................................ 8.4 9.2 9.3 8.0 12.2 4.1 7.4 9.9 5.1 5.6 Lower extremities....................... 19.8 22.6 23.8 22.8 17.0 23.8 21.0 20.2 19.7 18.9 Knee.................................. 6.7 7.6 9.3 7.9 5.5 7.7 6.1 6.9 7.0 6.8 Foot, except toe...................... 3.8 3.7 4.2 4.8 3.7 3.7 4.9 4.0 3.3 3.1 Toe................................... 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 .9 1.1 Body systems............................ 1.5 1.3 .7 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.4 4.1 1.9 Multiple parts.......................... 7.9 7.6 9.4 7.7 5.5 9.2 7.8 7.4 11.8 10.3 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table Table 5. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected injury or illness characteristics and industry division, 1994 (continued) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | |Goods-producing |Service-producing | Private|Agricul-| | | |Trans-| | |Finance,| Characteristic |industry| ture, | | | |porta-| | | insur- | | 2/ |forestry|Mining|Con- |Manu- |tion &|Whole-|Retail| ance, &|Serv- | | and | 3/ |struc-|fac- |public|sale |trade | real |ices | |fishing | |tion |turing|utili-|trade | | estate | | | 2/ | | | |ties3/| | | | _________________________________________|________|________|______|______|______|______|______|______|________|______ Source of injury, illness: Chemicals and chemical products......... 1.9 1.5 8.2 1.5 2.5 .9 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.0 Containers.............................. 14.7 9.2 5.3 4.9 14.1 22.5 22.4 21.6 10.9 9.4 Furniture and fixtures.................. 3.6 .7 .6 1.7 2.6 1.8 2.7 5.7 6.2 5.3 Machinery............................... 6.9 7.3 12.1 5.9 11.0 2.9 6.9 7.2 5.6 4.0 Parts and materials..................... 11.2 7.8 17.0 24.8 17.7 7.8 11.9 6.3 4.4 3.7 Worker motion or position............... 14.8 14.9 3.8 12.2 18.8 14.7 13.3 12.5 19.8 13.8 Floors, walkways, ground surfaces....... 16.1 15.5 17.1 17.9 10.2 17.1 13.9 19.5 24.5 18.8 Tools, instruments, and equipment....... 6.0 9.1 8.6 10.5 6.6 3.1 4.1 6.1 4.7 4.9 Vehicles................................ 7.4 8.8 7.0 4.7 4.5 16.7 11.9 6.3 6.3 6.8 Health care patient..................... 4.2 - - - - 0.6 - - 0.7 17.7 Event or exposure: Contact with objects and equipment...... 27.1 32.6 39.9 33.3 33.6 21.2 28.2 28.4 18.6 18.7 Struck by object...................... 13.1 15.7 20.0 17.5 14.2 10.8 14.2 15.0 8.9 9.2 Struck against object................. 7.3 8.3 9.4 8.4 8.1 5.4 6.9 8.4 6.3 5.8 Caught in equipment or object......... 4.3 4.9 9.1 3.1 8.0 2.7 4.7 3.1 1.8 2.2 Fall to lower level..................... 5.0 7.5 9.4 11.3 3.0 6.0 5.7 3.9 7.1 4.0 Fall to same level...................... 11.9 9.2 9.5 8.4 7.8 11.3 8.9 16.5 18.7 15.3 Slips, trips, loss of balance without fall................. 3.2 3.8 1.0 3.1 2.8 3.9 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.6 Overexertion............................ 27.4 17.2 26.2 22.8 26.0 29.4 30.7 25.5 20.2 32.1 Overexertion in lifting............... 16.4 9.8 10.3 13.0 14.7 17.6 20.0 17.8 12.3 18.3 Repetitive motion....................... 4.1 1.7 .5 1.5 8.4 2.3 2.8 2.7 9.1 2.6 Exposure to harmful substances.......... 5.0 5.2 4.6 4.5 5.4 3.1 3.1 6.2 4.7 5.2 Transportation accidents................ 3.6 5.1 3.0 2.8 1.6 8.2 5.1 2.6 4.3 4.0 Fires and explosions.................... .2 .3 .5 .3 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 Assaults and violent acts by person..... .9 .3 - .1 .1 .4 .3 .8 1.6 2.7 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 2/ Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 3/ Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal industries. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data or data not meeting publication guidelines. Because of rounding and classifications not shown, percentages may not add to 100. Table 6. Incidence rates1/ for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2/ per 10,000 full-time workers for selected characteristics and industry division, 1994 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | |Goods-producing |Service-producing | Private|Agricul-| | | |Trans-| | |Finance,| Characteristic |industry| ture, | | | |porta-| | | insur- | | 2/ |forestry|Mining|Con- |Manu- |tion &|Whole-|Retail| ance, &|Serv- | | and | 3/ |struc-|fac- |public|sale |trade | real |ices | |fishing | |tion |turing|utili-|trade | | estate | | | 2/ | | | |ties3/| | | | _________________________________________|________|________|______|______|______|______|______|______|________|______ Total [2,236,600 cases].................. 277.0 385.1 329.0 486.2 319.7 423.9 281.1 261.4 88.7 220.4 Nature of injury, illness: Sprains, strains........................ 119.3 139.4 130.7 179.9 122.2 216.2 126.5 109.9 32.5 108.0 Bruises, contusions..................... 26.2 34.2 41.5 36.3 29.8 46.3 25.6 27.7 7.0 20.2 Cuts, lacerations....................... 20.4 42.3 21.5 45.0 26.7 14.1 18.6 28.9 4.6 10.3 Fractures............................... 17.2 27.6 33.5 47.1 19.8 24.0 18.8 13.4 7.3 11.4 Carpal tunnel syndrome.................. 4.8 3.2 - 3.2 9.6 4.5 4.0 3.3 4.1 2.8 Heat burns.............................. 4.6 2.8 5.2 6.8 5.2 2.0 1.9 9.7 - 2.9 Tendonitis.............................. 3.1 2.3 - 2.0 7.3 1.5 3.0 2.0 1.4 1.8 Chemical burns.......................... 2.0 2.1 3.9 4.1 3.1 1.2 2.2 1.7 - 1.5 Amputations............................. 1.5 3.5 3.2 2.3 3.7 - 1.8 - - - Multiple injuries....................... 8.8 12.1 19.4 16.2 8.9 13.3 11.8 7.4 3.4 7.3 Part of body affected: Head.................................... 18.7 39.4 24.9 45.4 24.6 24.8 18.2 15.0 4.9 12.6 Eye................................... 10.4 24.9 13.1 29.0 17.0 8.8 10.0 6.7 2.3 5.7 Neck.................................... 5.0 3.8 7.9 6.3 4.7 11.2 4.5 4.3 2.0 4.7 Trunk................................... 107.3 126.2 123.6 176.0 115.4 178.7 116.5 98.9 29.4 93.0 Shoulder.............................. 13.6 14.0 13.4 21.4 17.0 25.2 14.1 11.4 4.0 10.4 Back.................................. 75.1 87.0 83.1 119.4 76.2 125.0 81.1 70.5 20.6 68.9 Upper extremities....................... 62.8 88.7 60.7 102.0 97.0 61.2 55.3 65.3 20.0 39.3 Wrist................................. 13.6 12.9 6.6 17.2 22.0 15.9 10.9 12.0 7.9 9.4 Hand, except finger................... 10.9 21.5 11.1 20.6 15.8 9.6 8.4 12.7 2.6 6.8 Finger................................ 23.2 35.4 30.6 38.8 38.9 17.2 20.9 26.0 4.5 12.4 Lower extremities....................... 55.0 87.1 78.2 110.9 54.3 100.9 59.2 52.8 17.4 41.8 Knee.................................. 18.5 29.4 30.6 38.5 17.5 32.6 17.2 17.9 6.2 15.0 Foot, except toe...................... 10.6 14.2 14.0 23.5 11.7 15.8 13.8 10.5 2.9 6.8 Toe................................... 3.7 5.1 3.6 7.1 4.4 5.9 4.3 4.0 - 2.4 Body systems............................ 4.0 5.1 2.3 5.1 3.9 5.1 3.1 3.7 3.6 4.2 Multiple parts.......................... 22.0 29.4 30.9 37.5 17.6 38.9 21.8 19.3 10.4 22.7 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table Table 6. Incidence rates1/ for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2/ per 10,000 full-time workers for selected characteristics and industry division, 1994 (continued) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | |Goods-producing |Service-producing | Private|Agricul-| | | |Trans-| | |Finance,| Characteristic |industry| ture, | | | |porta-| | | insur- | | 2/ |forestry|Mining|Con- |Manu- |tion &|Whole-|Retail| ance, &|Serv- | | and | 3/ |struc-|fac- |public|sale |trade | real |ices | |fishing | |tion |turing|utili-|trade | | estate | | | 2/ | | | |ties3/| | | | _________________________________________|________|________|______|______|______|______|______|______|________|______ Source of injury, illness: Chemicals and chemical products......... 5.3 5.6 27.0 7.4 8.0 3.9 4.1 4.3 1.9 4.4 Containers.............................. 40.7 35.3 17.6 24.0 45.0 95.6 63.0 56.4 9.7 20.7 Furniture and fixtures.................. 10.0 2.6 2.1 8.3 8.3 7.5 7.7 14.8 5.5 11.6 Machinery............................... 19.0 28.3 39.7 28.4 35.3 12.4 19.5 18.7 4.9 8.9 Parts and materials..................... 31.0 30.0 55.8 120.5 56.7 33.2 33.4 16.6 4.0 8.2 Worker motion or position............... 41.1 57.3 12.5 59.4 60.0 62.3 37.2 32.7 17.6 30.4 Floors, walkways, ground surfaces....... 44.6 59.6 56.4 86.9 32.4 72.4 39.2 51.1 21.7 41.4 Tools, instruments, and equipment....... 16.5 35.0 28.3 51.0 21.1 13.2 11.4 16.0 4.2 10.8 Vehicles................................ 20.4 33.8 22.9 23.0 14.5 70.7 33.4 16.4 5.6 14.9 Health care patient..................... 11.5 - - - - 2.7 - - - 39.0 Event or exposure: Contact with objects and equipment...... 75.2 125.6 131.4 161.9 107.4 89.8 79.2 74.2 16.5 41.2 Struck by object...................... 36.2 60.4 65.6 85.1 45.3 45.7 39.9 39.2 7.9 20.2 Struck against object................. 20.1 32.0 30.9 41.1 25.8 23.1 19.5 22.0 5.6 12.8 Caught in equipment or object......... 11.9 18.8 29.9 15.0 25.5 11.5 13.2 8.0 1.6 4.8 Fall to lower level..................... 13.8 29.0 30.8 54.9 9.5 25.6 16.1 10.2 6.3 8.9 Fall to same level...................... 32.9 35.2 31.4 40.7 24.8 47.8 25.0 43.1 16.6 33.7 Slips, trips, loss of balance without fall................. 9.0 14.7 3.2 15.0 9.0 16.7 8.4 8.6 2.9 7.8 Overexertion............................ 76.0 66.4 86.1 110.9 83.0 124.6 86.4 66.7 17.9 70.8 Overexertion in lifting............... 45.5 37.8 34.0 63.3 47.1 74.5 56.1 46.5 10.9 40.3 Repetitive motion....................... 11.5 6.7 1.6 7.3 27.0 9.8 8.0 7.0 8.1 5.7 Exposure to harmful substances.......... 13.7 20.0 15.3 21.8 17.3 13.1 8.8 16.2 4.2 11.4 Transportation accidents................ 9.9 19.8 9.9 13.8 5.2 34.8 14.4 6.8 3.8 8.8 Fires and explosions.................... - 1.3 1.6 1.7 - - - - - - Assaults and violent acts by person..... 2.5 1.0 - - - 1.8 - 2.1 1.4 5.9 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000) where N = number of injuries and illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 3/ Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 4/ Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal industries. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data, data not meeting publication guidelines, or incidence rates less than 1.0 per 10,000 full-time workers. Table 7. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected worker characteristics and number of days away from work, 1994 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Percent of cases involving | | Total |____________________________________________________________________| Median Characteristic | cases | | | | | | | |days away | | 1 day | 2 days | 3 to 5 | 6 to 10 | 11 to 20| 21 to 30| 31 days |from work | | | | days | days | days | days | or more | _________________________________________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________ Total [2,236,600 cases]............ 100.0 16.3 12.9 21.0 13.3 11.2 6.4 18.9 5 Sex: Men.................................... 100.0 16.7 12.9 20.7 13.3 11.1 6.4 19.0 5 Women.................................. 100.0 15.5 13.1 21.8 13.4 11.5 6.4 18.4 5 Age 2/ 14 to 15 years......................... 100.0 15.4 26.8 23.7 12.5 5.5 9.2 6.8 4 16 to 19 years......................... 100.0 23.3 16.9 24.6 13.6 9.6 4.5 7.4 3 20 to 24 years......................... 100.0 19.6 16.4 23.3 13.2 10.2 5.7 11.7 4 25 to 34 years......................... 100.0 17.6 13.7 22.1 13.6 10.9 6.1 16.2 5 35 to 44 years......................... 100.0 15.2 12.0 20.0 13.1 11.6 6.5 21.6 6 45 to 54 years......................... 100.0 13.0 10.6 19.0 13.3 12.3 7.0 24.8 8 55 to 64 years......................... 100.0 10.7 9.3 18.0 13.0 12.5 8.5 28.0 10 65 years and over...................... 100.0 10.2 10.1 18.6 13.2 12.2 7.5 28.2 10 Occupation: Managerial and professional specialty.. 100.0 17.9 15.0 22.3 13.8 10.5 5.4 15.1 5 Technical, sales, and administrative support............................. 100.0 16.6 13.5 21.5 13.0 11.0 6.8 17.6 5 Service................................ 100.0 15.8 13.8 24.1 14.2 10.9 5.5 15.7 5 Farming, forestry, and fishing......... 100.0 13.5 12.8 22.7 15.2 12.3 6.4 17.1 6 Precision production, craft, and repair 100.0 16.6 12.4 19.6 12.5 11.2 6.6 21.2 6 Operators, fabricators, and laborers... 100.0 16.1 12.3 20.0 13.2 11.5 6.7 20.3 6 Length of service with employer: Less than 3 months..................... 100.0 18.1 14.3 22.1 12.9 9.6 6.1 16.9 5 3 to 11 months......................... 100.0 17.6 14.1 22.6 13.6 10.3 5.5 16.3 5 1 to 5 years........................... 100.0 16.7 13.2 21.6 13.4 11.1 6.3 17.7 5 More than 5 years...................... 100.0 14.2 11.5 19.0 13.2 12.7 7.1 22.4 7 Race or ethnic origin: White, non-Hispanic.................... 100.0 16.9 13.1 21.1 12.8 10.9 6.5 18.8 5 Black, non-Hispanic.................... 100.0 15.4 13.4 21.4 13.7 10.9 6.0 19.1 5 Hispanic............................... 100.0 15.2 12.2 21.3 14.5 11.6 6.7 18.5 6 Asian or Pacific Islander.............. 100.0 15.9 14.0 24.6 14.6 10.8 5.3 14.8 5 American Indian or Alaskan Native...... 100.0 15.0 12.9 23.5 16.2 9.3 6.4 16.7 5 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 2/ Information is not shown separately in this release for injured workers under age 14; they accounted for 55 cases. NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Table 8. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected occupations and number of days away from work, 1994 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Percent of cases involving | | Total |____________________________________________________________________| Median Occupation | cases | | | | | | | |days away | | 1 day | 2 days | 3 to 5 | 6 to 10 | 11 to 20| 21 to 30| 31 days |from work | | | | days | days | days | days | or more | _________________________________________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________ Total [2,236,600 cases]............ 100.0 16.3 12.9 21.0 13.3 11.2 6.4 18.9 5 Truck drivers............................ 100.0 11.6 9.9 19.7 13.9 12.7 7.0 25.2 8 Laborers, nonconstruction................ 100.0 16.7 13.3 20.9 13.2 10.8 6.6 18.4 5 Nursing aides, orderlies................. 100.0 13.9 14.2 24.1 15.4 11.8 5.0 15.6 5 Janitors and cleaners.................... 100.0 17.1 12.6 19.9 14.0 10.6 7.1 18.7 6 Construction laborers.................... 100.0 15.6 11.9 20.2 13.6 10.2 7.2 21.3 6 Assemblers............................... 100.0 18.7 11.9 18.5 12.4 11.8 6.5 20.3 6 Carpenters............................... 100.0 14.4 10.4 18.3 14.3 11.1 7.4 24.1 8 Stock handlers and baggers............... 100.0 16.4 14.7 22.8 14.3 10.7 6.7 14.4 5 Cooks.................................... 100.0 17.3 14.9 25.8 11.9 11.5 5.4 13.2 5 Cashiers................................. 100.0 14.8 13.2 23.2 12.3 9.3 9.3 17.8 5 Miscellaneous food preparation........... 100.0 21.7 12.7 23.4 15.2 10.4 4.5 12.1 4 Sales workers, miscellaneous commodities. 100.0 16.1 13.0 22.4 13.2 11.3 8.0 16.2 5 Welders and cutters...................... 100.0 24.9 13.8 16.7 11.7 9.0 6.2 17.7 4 Supervisors and proprietors, sales....... 100.0 15.9 14.9 21.0 13.2 11.0 8.2 15.8 5 Registered nurses........................ 100.0 17.7 16.3 23.5 12.5 11.0 5.5 13.5 4 Maids and housemen....................... 100.0 14.4 12.9 25.4 14.4 10.9 6.1 16.0 5 Waiters and waitresses................... 100.0 15.8 14.7 27.7 13.0 7.6 4.4 16.9 5 Shipping and receiving clerks............ 100.0 18.3 14.2 21.8 13.1 11.9 5.6 15.0 5 Automobile mechanics..................... 100.0 18.5 14.7 20.4 12.5 10.0 5.4 18.6 5 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm 100.0 15.2 14.0 24.5 14.5 10.0 6.5 15.3 5 Driver-sales workers..................... 100.0 12.0 13.5 21.8 12.8 13.5 5.3 21.1 6 Electricians............................. 100.0 15.4 12.1 16.7 12.8 12.1 8.1 22.9 8 Farm workers............................. 100.0 12.3 10.7 23.1 15.4 14.3 5.8 18.3 6 Kitchen workers.......................... 100.0 18.6 14.2 25.0 13.7 9.4 4.3 14.8 4 Supervisors, production.................. 100.0 19.0 13.8 20.9 13.5 10.0 7.0 15.8 5 Packaging machine operators.............. 100.0 15.8 12.0 18.5 12.6 13.7 6.0 21.3 7 Stock and inventory clerks............... 100.0 18.3 13.4 22.1 12.3 11.9 7.2 14.8 5 Industrial machinery repairers........... 100.0 16.8 11.0 18.2 10.5 12.5 7.0 24.0 7 Health aides, except nursing............. 100.0 16.7 15.3 25.8 16.3 10.7 4.6 10.5 5 Textile sewing machine operators......... 100.0 18.7 10.8 18.0 11.6 11.8 6.6 22.6 6 Guards and police, except public......... 100.0 15.0 12.0 22.8 12.5 10.0 5.7 21.9 6 Industrial truck, tractor equipment operators............................. 100.0 16.1 14.6 19.9 11.3 11.8 6.9 19.5 5 Licensed practical nurses................ 100.0 16.1 12.5 25.7 11.8 10.7 4.9 18.2 5 Plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters...... 100.0 18.6 10.4 18.9 12.7 10.1 6.5 22.9 7 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Table 9. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected injury or illness characteristics and number of days away from work, 1994 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Percent of cases involving | | Total |____________________________________________________________________| Median Characteristic | cases | | | | | | | |days away | | 1 day | 2 days | 3 to 5 | 6 to 10 | 11 to 20| 21 to 30| 31 days |from work | | | | days | days | days | days | or more | _________________________________________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________ Total [2,236,600 cases]................. 100.0 16.3 12.9 21.0 13.3 11.2 6.4 18.9 5 Nature of injury, illness: Sprains, strains....................... 100.0 12.9 12.8 23.2 14.9 12.1 6.1 18.2 6 Bruises, contusions.................... 100.0 23.5 17.6 23.6 12.4 8.1 4.0 10.6 3 Cuts, lacerations...................... 100.0 26.8 16.0 21.6 13.7 9.2 4.5 8.3 3 Fractures.............................. 100.0 7.7 6.9 12.3 10.8 12.9 11.3 38.0 20 Carpal tunnel syndrome................. 100.0 3.4 3.6 7.5 10.3 14.6 12.0 48.7 30 Heat burns............................. 100.0 19.1 14.9 25.1 15.3 11.6 5.7 8.2 4 Tendonitis............................. 100.0 11.5 8.4 18.2 14.8 14.3 8.6 24.1 10 Chemical burns......................... 100.0 32.6 20.4 22.7 10.5 5.9 3.0 4.8 2 Amputations............................ 100.0 5.3 4.0 9.9 11.2 15.4 14.0 40.2 24 Multiple injuries...................... 100.0 14.5 11.7 20.2 12.7 11.7 7.4 21.8 7 Part of body affected: Head................................... 100.0 39.6 20.6 20.3 8.0 4.9 1.6 4.9 2 Eyes................................. 100.0 48.2 23.3 19.1 5.2 2.3 .5 1.3 2 Neck................................... 100.0 14.6 13.8 20.4 12.2 11.2 5.7 22.1 6 Trunk.................................. 100.0 11.9 11.8 22.6 14.5 12.2 6.7 20.2 7 Shoulder............................. 100.0 12.6 10.7 19.3 13.3 11.8 7.0 25.4 8 Back................................. 100.0 11.6 12.3 23.9 15.1 12.0 5.9 19.1 6 Upper extremities...................... 100.0 18.2 12.9 18.9 13.3 11.2 7.0 18.6 6 Wrist................................ 100.0 10.4 9.1 15.0 12.6 12.1 9.1 31.8 13 Hand, except finger.................. 100.0 20.7 15.5 23.4 13.6 9.4 4.6 12.8 4 Finger............................... 100.0 22.7 13.9 19.3 13.8 11.2 7.0 12.0 4 Lower extremities...................... 100.0 15.3 12.9 21.1 13.3 11.4 7.0 19.1 6 Knee................................. 100.0 11.9 10.7 18.8 13.2 13.2 7.5 24.7 9 Foot, except toe..................... 100.0 18.9 14.5 21.8 12.1 10.0 6.7 15.8 5 Toe.................................. 100.0 20.4 15.0 22.9 13.8 11.3 6.7 9.9 4 Body systems........................... 100.0 24.3 14.9 20.1 13.2 7.8 5.0 14.7 4 Multiple parts......................... 100.0 13.5 11.3 20.1 12.4 11.6 6.4 24.7 7 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table Table 9. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by selected injury or illness characteristics and number of days away from work, 1994 (continued) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Percent of cases involving | | Total |____________________________________________________________________| Median Characteristic | cases | | | | | | | |days away | | 1 day | 2 days | 3 to 5 | 6 to 10 | 11 to 20| 21 to 30| 31 days |from work | | | | days | days | days | days | or more | _________________________________________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________ Source of injury, illness: Chemicals and chemical products........ 100.0 30.7 19.1 23.0 11.0 6.7 2.8 6.7 3 Containers............................. 100.0 14.9 12.6 22.5 14.4 11.8 6.2 17.6 5 Furniture and fixtures................. 100.0 18.7 15.1 23.0 13.4 9.5 5.4 14.9 4 Machinery.............................. 100.0 16.7 12.6 19.8 13.5 12.0 7.0 18.5 6 Parts and materials.................... 100.0 18.0 13.5 21.2 13.0 10.9 6.5 16.8 5 Worker motion or position.............. 100.0 11.1 10.8 19.6 13.8 12.9 7.6 24.2 8 Floors, walkways, ground surfaces...... 100.0 12.2 11.5 20.1 12.7 11.1 7.6 24.9 8 Tools, instruments, and equipment...... 100.0 23.1 14.7 21.6 13.4 9.8 5.2 12.2 4 Vehicles............................... 100.0 13.7 11.9 19.4 13.2 12.8 6.5 22.6 7 Health care patient.................... 100.0 13.9 14.0 24.9 15.1 12.3 5.0 14.8 5 Event or exposure: Contact with objects and equipment..... 100.0 24.3 15.5 20.6 12.3 9.3 5.3 12.7 4 Struck by object..................... 100.0 24.3 15.6 21.2 12.8 8.9 5.0 12.2 4 Struck against object................ 100.0 23.8 15.6 21.3 12.3 9.2 5.7 12.2 4 Caught in equipment or object........ 100.0 16.9 12.2 18.7 13.1 13.1 7.0 19.1 6 Fall to lower level.................... 100.0 11.0 10.0 17.3 12.2 11.6 9.6 28.4 10 Fall to same level..................... 100.0 13.1 12.4 21.4 12.7 10.8 6.9 22.6 6 Slips, trips, loss of balance without fall................................. 100.0 13.2 12.5 23.2 13.4 12.5 6.4 18.8 6 Overexertion........................... 100.0 12.2 12.0 22.7 15.0 12.4 6.4 19.3 6 Overexertion in lifting.............. 100.0 11.8 12.1 23.3 15.3 12.5 6.1 18.8 6 Repetitive motion...................... 100.0 7.3 6.6 12.4 12.4 14.3 10.6 36.4 18 Exposure to harmful substances......... 100.0 28.1 17.4 23.5 12.1 8.0 3.6 7.2 3 Transportation accidents............... 100.0 11.6 11.3 16.6 12.0 14.6 7.3 26.6 10 Fires and explosions................... 100.0 20.8 8.1 15.5 13.4 9.6 4.5 28.1 7 Assaults and violent acts by person.... 100.0 19.1 14.8 20.6 13.7 9.9 5.1 16.9 5 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Table 10. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1/ by industry division and number of days away from work, 1994 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Percent of cases involving | | Total |____________________________________________________________________| Median Characteristic | cases | | | | | | | |days away | | 1 day | 2 days | 3 to 5 | 6 to 10 | 11 to 20| 21 to 30| 31 days |from work | | | | days | days | days | days | or more | _________________________________________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________|_________ Private industry 2/ [2,236,600 cases]..................... 100.0 16.3 12.9 21.0 13.3 11.2 6.4 18.9 5 Goods-producing: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing2/. 100.0 13.5 12.9 23.1 14.7 12.2 6.1 17.6 6 Mining3/............................. 100.0 9.1 7.2 15.8 11.0 10.0 5.9 40.9 16 Construction......................... 100.0 15.5 11.8 19.3 13.2 10.7 6.7 22.8 7 Manufacturing........................ 100.0 18.6 12.9 18.9 12.7 11.4 6.7 18.8 5 Durable goods...................... 100.0 19.1 12.8 18.4 12.5 11.4 6.9 18.9 5 Nondurable goods................... 100.0 17.7 12.9 19.6 12.9 11.6 6.5 18.8 5 Service-producing: Transportation and public utilities3/ 100.0 12.0 10.6 19.6 14.2 12.7 7.0 24.0 8 Wholesale trade...................... 100.0 16.9 13.5 22.2 12.5 11.3 5.9 17.8 5 Retail trade......................... 100.0 16.3 13.8 22.9 13.4 10.5 6.7 16.5 5 Finance, insurance, and real estate.. 100.0 17.0 12.2 21.0 12.6 11.0 5.8 20.4 5 Services............................. 100.0 16.2 14.1 23.1 14.0 11.0 5.7 16.0 5 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 2/ Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 3/ Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal industries. NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100.