Chart 6b. Off-the-clock ratios in service-providing industries, seasonally adjusted, second quarter 2006 to fourth quarter 2021
Quarter Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Utilities Information Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Other private services (excluding households)

Q2 2006

1.0698 1.0420 1.0799 1.0471 1.0568 1.0543 1.0551 1.0322 1.0349 1.0641

Q3 2006

1.0715 1.0417 1.0746 1.0507 1.0570 1.0544 1.0574 1.0332 1.0390 1.0640

Q4 2006

1.0756 1.0432 1.0737 1.0488 1.0516 1.0584 1.0540 1.0341 1.0375 1.0608

Q1 2007

1.0735 1.0429 1.0763 1.0567 1.0566 1.0538 1.0597 1.0355 1.0403 1.0570

Q2 2007

1.0708 1.0423 1.0690 1.0441 1.0585 1.0552 1.0596 1.0347 1.0375 1.0640

Q3 2007

1.0685 1.0425 1.0724 1.0440 1.0579 1.0548 1.0540 1.0344 1.0339 1.0639

Q4 2007

1.0636 1.0420 1.0688 1.0487 1.0548 1.0548 1.0543 1.0318 1.0347 1.0602

Q1 2008

1.0637 1.0402 1.0623 1.0502 1.0535 1.0571 1.0496 1.0329 1.0372 1.0588

Q2 2008

1.0695 1.0418 1.0683 1.0542 1.0536 1.0549 1.0538 1.0342 1.0358 1.0609

Q3 2008

1.0683 1.0376 1.0713 1.0486 1.0500 1.0532 1.0560 1.0325 1.0346 1.0600

Q4 2008

1.0678 1.0377 1.0615 1.0436 1.0550 1.0513 1.0532 1.0324 1.0374 1.0632

Q1 2009

1.0679 1.0371 1.0661 1.0492 1.0579 1.0546 1.0540 1.0318 1.0335 1.0583

Q2 2009

1.0656 1.0370 1.0666 1.0528 1.0537 1.0559 1.0511 1.0310 1.0311 1.0502

Q3 2009

1.0560 1.0351 1.0623 1.0425 1.0474 1.0461 1.0475 1.0298 1.0301 1.0451

Q4 2009

1.0649 1.0364 1.0666 1.0544 1.0523 1.0555 1.0517 1.0314 1.0306 1.0508

Q1 2010

1.0681 1.0396 1.0731 1.0492 1.0550 1.0552 1.0521 1.0290 1.0332 1.0574

Q2 2010

1.0639 1.0390 1.0678 1.0498 1.0511 1.0539 1.0524 1.0320 1.0299 1.0556

Q3 2010

1.0659 1.0365 1.0682 1.0504 1.0540 1.0528 1.0509 1.0316 1.0323 1.0507

Q4 2010

1.0645 1.0343 1.0621 1.0419 1.0582 1.0538 1.0521 1.0306 1.0313 1.0512

Q1 2011

1.0655 1.0351 1.0636 1.0491 1.0600 1.0551 1.0499 1.0288 1.0300 1.0523

Q2 2011

1.0642 1.0349 1.0683 1.0491 1.0568 1.0551 1.0541 1.0331 1.0301 1.0565

Q3 2011

1.0672 1.0365 1.0648 1.0438 1.0555 1.0549 1.0532 1.0306 1.0335 1.0529

Q4 2011

1.0660 1.0383 1.0630 1.0592 1.0605 1.0521 1.0513 1.0303 1.0318 1.0541

Q1 2012

1.0683 1.0378 1.0632 1.0425 1.0548 1.0540 1.0497 1.0292 1.0304 1.0522

Q2 2012

1.0691 1.0353 1.0674 1.0443 1.0586 1.0533 1.0519 1.0295 1.0312 1.0518

Q3 2012

1.0689 1.0368 1.0657 1.0471 1.0621 1.0620 1.0530 1.0315 1.0328 1.0526

Q4 2012

1.0640 1.0356 1.0646 1.0419 1.0570 1.0558 1.0517 1.0307 1.0313 1.0511

Q1 2013

1.0657 1.0364 1.0639 1.0491 1.0574 1.0557 1.0505 1.0309 1.0320 1.0524

Q2 2013

1.0671 1.0369 1.0597 1.0501 1.0619 1.0526 1.0495 1.0291 1.0320 1.0493

Q3 2013

1.0643 1.0363 1.0664 1.0469 1.0559 1.0515 1.0508 1.0320 1.0324 1.0493

Q4 2013

1.0706 1.0339 1.0650 1.0456 1.0569 1.0554 1.0501 1.0316 1.0298 1.0471

Q1 2014

1.0646 1.0337 1.0654 1.0613 1.0599 1.0556 1.0508 1.0325 1.0292 1.0465

Q2 2014

1.0637 1.0350 1.0640 1.0578 1.0662 1.0593 1.0488 1.0308 1.0329 1.0460

Q3 2014

1.0606 1.0362 1.0711 1.0517 1.0625 1.0545 1.0506 1.0323 1.0277 1.0536

Q4 2014

1.0681 1.0372 1.0661 1.0564 1.0560 1.0525 1.0523 1.0309 1.0289 1.0519

Q1 2015

1.0659 1.0356 1.0626 1.0507 1.0565 1.0554 1.0520 1.0318 1.0289 1.0497

Q2 2015

1.0642 1.0352 1.0646 1.0542 1.0536 1.0559 1.0483 1.0282 1.0295 1.0502

Q3 2015

1.0574 1.0296 1.0537 1.0466 1.0510 1.0508 1.0441 1.0279 1.0271 1.0433

Q4 2015

1.0588 1.0353 1.0610 1.0553 1.0502 1.0541 1.0506 1.0315 1.0295 1.0484

Q1 2016

1.0619 1.0340 1.0581 1.0550 1.0551 1.0512 1.0483 1.0327 1.0309 1.0525

Q2 2016

1.0588 1.0325 1.0651 1.0557 1.0522 1.0494 1.0520 1.0322 1.0282 1.0469

Q3 2016

1.0606 1.0336 1.0586 1.0533 1.0531 1.0536 1.0495 1.0311 1.0299 1.0465

Q4 2016

1.0563 1.0323 1.0580 1.0548 1.0530 1.0525 1.0475 1.0314 1.0294 1.0462

Q1 2017

1.0560 1.0321 1.0599 1.0449 1.0549 1.0514 1.0472 1.0303 1.0307 1.0422

Q2 2017

1.0602 1.0331 1.0553 1.0465 1.0537 1.0490 1.0484 1.0300 1.0288 1.0436

Q3 2017

1.0615 1.0329 1.0592 1.0540 1.0492 1.0444 1.0489 1.0304 1.0255 1.0426

Q4 2017

1.0571 1.0345 1.0564 1.0511 1.0501 1.0471 1.0462 1.0276 1.0245 1.0434

Q1 2018

1.0549 1.0329 1.0554 1.0562 1.0469 1.0522 1.0469 1.0285 1.0262 1.0403

Q2 2018

1.0513 1.0317 1.0571 1.0520 1.0483 1.0444 1.0437 1.0276 1.0281 1.0458

Q3 2018

1.0562 1.0338 1.0520 1.0483 1.0493 1.0469 1.0479 1.0282 1.0287 1.0463

Q4 2018

1.0567 1.0306 1.0547 1.0467 1.0464 1.0530 1.0462 1.0272 1.0264 1.0419

Q1 2019

1.0573 1.0324 1.0535 1.0440 1.0507 1.0483 1.0462 1.0279 1.0271 1.0436

Q2 2019

1.0606 1.0315 1.0580 1.0473 1.0481 1.0507 1.0489 1.0302 1.0296 1.0463

Q3 2019

1.0591 1.0299 1.0566 1.0574 1.0512 1.0515 1.0500 1.0288 1.0293 1.0438

Q4 2019

1.0503 1.0297 1.0527 1.0435 1.0466 1.0457 1.0472 1.0309 1.0287 1.0426

Q1 2020

1.0519 1.0295 1.0531 1.0447 1.0448 1.0467 1.0424 1.0289 1.0238 1.0407

Q2 2020

1.0421 1.0273 1.0441 1.0374 1.0387 1.0437 1.0381 1.0205 1.0143 1.0258

Q3 2020

1.0439 1.0263 1.0531 1.0442 1.0441 1.0463 1.0370 1.0250 1.0232 1.0304

Q4 2020

1.0470 1.0293 1.0527 1.0431 1.0470 1.0434 1.0398 1.0253 1.0194 1.0370

Q1 2021

1.0439 1.0281 1.0515 1.0394 1.0391 1.0461 1.0391 1.0210 1.0217 1.0316

Q2 2021

1.0502 1.0281 1.0459 1.0528 1.0411 1.0485 1.0411 1.0218 1.0231 1.0320

Q3 2021

1.0472 1.0265 1.0452 1.0481 1.0425 1.0460 1.0397 1.0256 1.0257 1.0346

Q4 2021

1.0464 1.0259 1.0504 1.0478 1.0462 1.0461 1.0398 1.0227 1.0277 1.0369

Note: The off-the-clock (OTC) ratio is the ratio of hours worked (paid hours worked plus OTC hours) to paid hours worked. Q1 = first quarter, Q2 = second quarter, Q3 = third quarter, and Q4 = fourth quarter.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.