Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC National Compensation Survey (NCS) Bulletin

NC BL 03/00/2009 Table: Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, Bulletin, July 2008 Table 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings(1) and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Civilian Private industry State and local government workers workers workers Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Worker and establishment characteristics Mean Mean Mean weekly weekly weekly Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) (percen- (percen- (percen- t) t) t) All workers........................................................... $16.94 3.1 33.8 $15.82 3.8 33.4 $23.07 4.0 36.1 Worker characteristics(4)(5) Management, professional, and related............................... 27.19 5.5 36.1 26.12 7.9 36.4 29.58 5.2 35.6 Management, business, and financial............................... 34.10 8.6 40.1 33.37 9.1 40.3 37.92 26.6 38.9 Professional and related.......................................... 24.28 4.9 34.7 22.05 7.8 34.5 28.05 3.4 35.0 Service............................................................. 10.57 5.5 27.7 9.31 4.7 26.5 17.00 10.7 36.0 Sales and office.................................................... 13.93 5.8 33.4 13.74 6.4 33.1 15.82 5.5 37.1 Sales and related................................................. 14.16 13.1 33.6 14.13 13.4 33.5 – – – Office and administrative support................................. 13.74 1.8 33.3 13.38 1.8 32.7 15.79 5.5 36.9 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 16.11 5.9 38.0 15.99 6.6 37.8 16.96 6.7 40.0 Construction and extraction...................................... 15.95 8.8 38.4 15.73 9.7 38.1 17.35 10.7 40.0 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 16.38 3.9 37.4 16.42 4.2 37.1 – – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 14.29 10.5 37.3 14.29 10.9 37.5 14.24 3.6 30.8 Production........................................................ 17.19 21.1 40.0 17.19 21.1 40.0 – – – Transportation and material moving................................ 11.98 8.6 35.4 11.85 9.1 35.7 14.24 3.6 30.8 Full time........................................................... 18.69 2.7 39.6 17.56 3.4 39.9 23.83 4.2 38.5 Part time........................................................... 10.17 3.8 21.6 10.05 3.8 21.7 12.50 14.4 19.5 Union............................................................... 17.05 6.6 36.3 17.05 6.6 36.3 – – – Nonunion............................................................ 16.93 3.2 33.7 15.73 4.0 33.2 23.07 4.0 36.1 Time................................................................ 16.59 2.8 33.6 15.34 3.3 33.1 23.07 4.0 36.1 Incentive........................................................... 23.97 9.5 39.6 23.97 9.5 39.6 – – – Establishment characteristics Goods producing..................................................... (6) (6) (6) 19.51 7.3 39.0 (6) (6) (6) Service providing................................................... (6) (6) (6) – – – (6) (6) (6) 1-99 workers........................................................ 14.52 5.6 32.2 14.50 5.7 32.1 – – – 100-499 workers..................................................... 15.15 5.5 35.1 14.23 5.7 34.8 21.35 6.1 37.4 500 workers or more................................................. 23.35 4.3 36.4 22.63 7.1 37.1 24.26 4.5 35.5 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 5 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 6 Estimates for goods-producing and service-providing industries are published for private industry only. Industries are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $16.94 3.1 $18.69 2.7 $10.17 3.8 Management occupations.............................................. 40.40 11.8 40.69 11.7 – – Level 9 .................................................. 29.31 3.6 29.31 3.6 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 30.52 10.8 31.60 10.8 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 26.88 6.4 26.68 7.1 – – Level 7 .................................................. 20.08 5.2 20.08 5.2 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 27.08 11.0 27.19 11.3 – – Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 25.30 7.2 25.30 7.2 – – Accountants and auditors.......................................... 24.74 4.4 23.07 6.3 – – Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 24.13 9.0 24.13 9.0 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 22.51 10.9 22.51 10.9 – – Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 28.24 2.7 28.24 2.7 – – Engineers......................................................... 31.38 1.8 31.38 1.8 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 18.65 11.9 18.66 12.4 – – Social workers.................................................... 23.21 6.6 23.21 6.6 – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 26.92 7.2 28.57 6.7 15.12 12.0 Level 4 .................................................. 13.34 3.0 13.34 3.0 – – Level 6 .................................................. 12.83 11.8 – – – – Level 7 .................................................. 22.24 4.0 – – – – Level 9 .................................................. 33.63 1.7 33.63 1.7 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 30.35 26.7 – – – – Postsecondary teachers............................................ 33.34 11.6 36.54 7.9 15.53 32.2 Not able to be leveled.................................... 36.69 13.0 – – – – Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 26.92 18.2 – – – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 30.52 7.1 31.41 4.8 – – Level 9 .................................................. 33.26 .8 33.26 .8 – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 32.42 3.9 32.42 3.9 – – Level 9 .................................................. 32.86 3.8 32.86 3.8 – – Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 31.83 2.6 31.83 2.6 – – Level 9 .................................................. 31.97 2.7 31.97 2.7 – – Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 33.68 6.0 33.68 6.0 – – Level 9 .................................................. 34.91 4.0 34.91 4.0 – – Secondary school teachers....................................... 33.18 2.9 33.18 2.9 – – Level 9 .................................................. 33.23 2.8 33.23 2.8 – – Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 32.56 1.8 32.56 1.8 – – Level 9 .................................................. 32.61 1.8 32.61 1.8 – – Other teachers and instructors.................................... 15.66 13.2 – – 14.35 18.8 Teacher assistants................................................ 12.14 4.5 12.14 4.5 – – Level 4 .................................................. 13.34 3.0 13.34 3.0 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 23.29 11.2 22.98 12.9 26.55 7.9 Level 4 .................................................. 13.14 11.9 13.14 11.9 – – Level 5 .................................................. 17.71 2.5 17.74 2.5 – – Level 8 .................................................. 22.66 4.4 22.14 4.0 – – Level 9 .................................................. 28.37 3.0 27.52 3.4 32.57 8.1 Registered nurses................................................. 24.84 4.6 24.18 5.3 27.52 3.0 Level 8 .................................................. 25.39 2.4 25.12 2.3 – – Level 9 .................................................. 26.39 .9 – – 29.53 1.7 Therapists........................................................ 26.45 7.5 26.45 7.5 – – Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 13.28 13.7 13.28 13.7 – – Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 17.06 1.5 – – – – Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.90 5.8 12.71 9.5 10.30 7.8 Level 2 .................................................. 10.06 4.4 – – 9.76 4.5 Level 3 .................................................. 10.93 5.6 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 11.95 4.2 – – – – Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.56 4.7 11.07 3.6 9.74 3.6 Level 3 .................................................. 11.06 5.2 – – – – Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.71 4.3 11.07 3.6 9.97 3.3 Level 3 .................................................. 11.06 5.2 – – – – Protective service occupations...................................... 13.89 11.3 15.33 11.0 8.68 3.5 Level 6 .................................................. 18.60 3.2 18.60 3.2 – – Police officers................................................... 20.42 4.4 20.42 4.4 – – Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 20.42 4.4 20.42 4.4 – – Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 9.41 3.7 9.91 4.7 – – Security guards................................................. 9.41 3.7 9.91 4.7 – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.80 7.7 10.38 2.8 8.08 10.4 Level 1 .................................................. 7.85 10.6 7.78 21.9 7.87 10.5 Level 2 .................................................. 6.41 7.7 – – 6.64 6.9 Level 3 .................................................. 10.67 2.7 – – – – Cooks............................................................. 8.35 11.5 – – 7.72 4.3 Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.15 17.2 – – 8.82 21.9 Level 1 .................................................. 8.81 18.3 – – 9.08 15.4 Level 2 .................................................. 4.07 32.0 – – 2.94 34.9 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.66 33.2 – – – – Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 10.05 9.9 – – – – Level 1 .................................................. 10.00 11.1 – – – – Fast food and counter workers..................................... 7.43 3.6 – – 7.21 4.4 Level 2 .................................................. 7.80 5.2 – – 7.80 5.2 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 7.41 3.6 – – 7.19 4.6 Level 2 .................................................. 7.75 5.9 – – 7.75 5.9 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.85 7.1 10.43 3.1 11.74 19.0 Level 2 .................................................. 10.00 2.7 – – – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.68 8.0 10.10 3.6 11.74 19.0 Level 2 .................................................. 10.00 2.7 – – – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.89 10.3 10.15 3.2 11.74 19.0 Level 2 .................................................. 10.00 2.7 – – – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 9.12 12.6 – – 8.95 13.6 Level 1 .................................................. 6.93 3.7 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 7.07 6.5 – – 6.93 6.9 Child care workers................................................ 7.30 2.8 – – 7.18 2.0 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 10.52 6.9 – – 9.74 2.5 Recreation workers.............................................. 11.20 9.4 – – – – Sales and related occupations....................................... 14.16 13.1 16.48 10.0 8.12 6.2 Level 1 .................................................. 7.10 3.5 – – 6.88 .8 Level 2 .................................................. 8.03 5.5 – – 7.99 2.9 Level 3 .................................................. 10.51 3.6 10.86 5.0 9.75 2.0 Level 4 .................................................. 14.78 23.0 15.51 24.7 – – Level 5 .................................................. 18.64 5.5 18.64 5.5 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... – – 20.08 47.2 – – First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 15.50 12.2 15.50 12.2 – – First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 15.47 12.3 15.47 12.3 – – Retail sales workers.............................................. 10.68 14.8 12.39 9.8 8.00 5.8 Level 1 .................................................. 7.10 3.5 – – 6.88 .8 Level 2 .................................................. 8.02 5.8 – – 7.94 2.1 Level 3 .................................................. 10.73 4.1 11.06 5.5 – – Level 4 .................................................. 15.02 26.8 15.96 29.7 – – Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.48 7.4 – – 7.20 .7 Level 1 .................................................. 7.27 2.1 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 8.20 4.5 – – 7.93 2.2 Level 3 .................................................. 11.57 5.7 – – – – Cashiers...................................................... 8.48 7.4 – – 7.20 .7 Level 1 .................................................. 7.27 2.1 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 8.20 4.5 – – 7.93 2.2 Level 3 .................................................. 11.57 5.7 – – – – Retail salespersons............................................. 12.72 22.6 14.43 22.4 9.05 9.5 Level 4 .................................................. 15.15 28.0 16.17 31.3 – – Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.74 1.8 13.80 2.1 13.49 2.1 Level 2 .................................................. 10.39 4.7 10.82 4.7 9.02 8.1 Level 3 .................................................. 12.05 2.2 12.44 2.6 10.55 4.3 Level 4 .................................................. 13.54 2.3 13.26 2.7 – – Level 5 .................................................. 15.24 4.6 15.44 4.8 – – Level 6 .................................................. 17.89 1.8 17.77 2.8 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 14.74 9.4 14.85 9.2 – – Financial clerks.................................................. 15.21 3.4 14.27 6.8 – – Level 4 .................................................. – – 13.02 8.2 – – Level 5 .................................................. 14.69 8.5 14.69 8.5 – – Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... – – 14.16 7.6 – – Customer service representatives.................................. 13.00 5.3 13.00 5.5 – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.77 3.5 12.77 3.5 – – Order clerks...................................................... 10.13 6.6 – – – – Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.77 6.2 – – – – Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.00 7.9 10.44 10.6 – – Level 2 .................................................. 8.87 8.9 – – – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.75 5.5 13.87 5.9 – – Level 4 .................................................. 13.00 4.5 12.84 4.5 – – Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 16.21 6.1 16.42 5.8 – – Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.53 3.2 – – – – Office clerks, general............................................ 13.10 3.8 13.70 4.4 – – Level 3 .................................................. 11.49 2.3 11.85 2.6 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 15.95 8.8 16.05 8.7 – – Level 2 .................................................. 10.00 .4 10.08 .2 – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.28 3.6 14.28 3.6 – – Level 5 .................................................. 17.64 4.4 17.64 4.4 – – Level 7 .................................................. 22.45 3.6 22.62 4.5 – – First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 27.07 7.6 – – – – Construction laborers............................................. 11.99 4.3 11.99 4.3 – – Construction equipment operators.................................. 15.02 4.8 15.02 4.8 – – Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 15.02 4.8 15.02 4.8 – – Helpers, construction trades...................................... 10.01 7.0 10.02 7.4 – – Level 2 .................................................. 10.32 1.6 – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.38 3.9 16.93 4.0 – – Level 5 .................................................. 16.40 7.5 16.40 7.5 – – Level 6 .................................................. 20.11 1.8 20.11 1.8 – – Level 7 .................................................. 22.46 7.9 25.20 8.1 – – Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 19.08 16.1 19.26 16.3 – – Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.35 11.6 – – – – Production occupations.............................................. 17.19 21.1 17.24 21.2 – – Level 2 .................................................. 9.50 5.6 9.50 5.6 – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.64 10.4 14.64 10.4 – – Level 6 .................................................. 18.43 5.0 18.43 5.0 – – Level 7 .................................................. 20.55 3.4 20.55 3.4 – – Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 9.18 18.4 9.18 18.4 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.98 8.6 13.04 7.7 8.29 3.9 Level 1 .................................................. 8.55 10.6 9.20 17.2 7.80 5.1 Level 2 .................................................. 9.83 3.4 10.40 7.3 – – Level 3 .................................................. 11.62 8.2 11.85 10.1 – – Level 4 .................................................. 15.93 7.6 16.03 8.5 – – Bus drivers....................................................... 14.34 3.7 14.42 3.6 – – Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.34 3.7 14.42 3.6 – – Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 13.57 10.6 13.57 10.6 – – Level 4 .................................................. 16.00 10.4 16.00 10.4 – – Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 15.48 16.2 15.48 16.2 – – Level 4 .................................................. 17.14 14.6 17.14 14.6 – – Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.66 7.1 10.72 6.8 8.30 6.9 Level 1 .................................................. 8.36 5.7 – – 7.99 5.3 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.74 10.8 11.42 10.2 8.30 7.2 Level 1 .................................................. 8.33 6.4 – – 7.96 5.2 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $15.82 3.8 $17.56 3.4 $10.05 3.8 Management occupations.............................................. 38.43 13.5 38.43 13.5 – – Level 9 .................................................. 29.31 3.6 29.31 3.6 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 27.57 7.0 27.40 8.0 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 27.40 12.0 27.53 12.2 – – Accountants and auditors.......................................... 24.80 4.7 – – – – Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 21.72 10.4 21.72 10.4 – – Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 28.87 2.1 28.87 2.1 – – Engineers......................................................... 31.38 1.8 31.38 1.8 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 15.82 7.5 – – – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 20.29 18.8 22.12 22.4 – – Level 7 .................................................. 21.65 3.7 – – – – Level 9 .................................................. 35.60 17.1 35.60 17.1 – – Postsecondary teachers............................................ 27.98 10.3 – – – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... – – 21.83 19.7 – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 30.03 16.5 30.03 16.5 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.69 12.9 22.30 15.0 26.40 8.4 Level 5 .................................................. 17.76 2.6 17.79 2.6 – – Level 8 .................................................. 22.16 4.9 21.49 3.8 – – Level 9 .................................................. 28.12 3.2 27.20 3.7 – – Registered nurses................................................. 24.36 5.0 23.54 5.7 27.38 3.0 Level 8 .................................................. 25.18 2.9 – – – – Level 9 .................................................. 26.28 .8 – – – – Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 17.06 1.8 – – – – Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.90 5.8 12.71 9.5 10.25 8.0 Level 2 .................................................. 10.06 4.4 – – 9.76 4.5 Level 3 .................................................. 10.93 5.6 – – – – Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.53 4.8 11.07 3.6 9.66 3.6 Level 3 .................................................. 11.06 5.2 – – – – Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.68 4.4 11.07 3.6 9.88 3.4 Level 3 .................................................. 11.06 5.2 – – – – Protective service occupations...................................... 8.98 .9 9.18 .6 8.68 3.5 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 8.93 1.0 – – – – Security guards................................................. 8.93 1.0 – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.75 8.1 10.30 3.0 8.05 10.7 Level 1 .................................................. 7.85 10.6 7.78 21.9 7.87 10.5 Level 2 .................................................. 6.28 8.2 – – 6.46 6.4 Cooks............................................................. 8.30 12.0 – – 7.62 4.0 Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.15 17.2 – – 8.82 21.9 Level 1 .................................................. 8.81 18.3 – – 9.08 15.4 Level 2 .................................................. 4.07 32.0 – – 2.94 34.9 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.66 33.2 – – – – Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 10.05 9.9 – – – – Level 1 .................................................. 10.00 11.1 – – – – Fast food and counter workers..................................... 7.13 4.7 – – 7.12 4.9 Level 2 .................................................. 7.59 6.8 – – 7.59 6.8 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 7.13 4.7 – – 7.12 4.9 Level 2 .................................................. 7.59 6.8 – – 7.59 6.8 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.93 9.7 10.32 5.1 – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.77 10.4 – – – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.10 14.7 – – – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 8.87 14.6 – – 8.99 15.7 Level 2 .................................................. 6.91 7.2 – – – – Child care workers................................................ 7.31 3.1 – – 7.18 2.2 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 9.78 2.3 – – 9.78 2.3 Sales and related occupations....................................... 14.13 13.4 16.48 10.2 8.12 6.2 Level 1 .................................................. 7.10 3.5 – – 6.88 .8 Level 2 .................................................. 8.03 5.5 – – 7.99 2.9 Level 3 .................................................. 10.44 3.8 10.79 5.4 9.75 2.0 Level 4 .................................................. 14.78 23.0 15.51 24.7 – – Level 5 .................................................. 18.50 6.2 18.50 6.2 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... – – 20.08 47.2 – – First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 15.22 12.5 15.22 12.5 – – First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 15.18 12.6 15.18 12.6 – – Retail sales workers.............................................. 10.67 15.0 12.40 10.0 8.00 5.8 Level 1 .................................................. 7.10 3.5 – – 6.88 .8 Level 2 .................................................. 8.02 5.8 – – 7.94 2.1 Level 3 .................................................. 10.66 4.4 11.00 5.9 – – Level 4 .................................................. 15.02 26.8 15.96 29.7 – – Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.38 7.6 – – 7.20 .7 Level 1 .................................................. 7.27 2.1 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 8.20 4.5 – – 7.93 2.2 Cashiers...................................................... 8.38 7.6 – – 7.20 .7 Level 1 .................................................. 7.27 2.1 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 8.20 4.5 – – 7.93 2.2 Retail salespersons............................................. 12.72 22.6 14.43 22.4 9.05 9.5 Level 4 .................................................. 15.15 28.0 16.17 31.3 – – Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.38 1.8 13.29 2.2 13.73 2.0 Level 2 .................................................. 10.45 4.6 10.82 4.7 9.10 9.2 Level 3 .................................................. 12.01 2.2 12.44 2.6 10.10 2.7 Level 4 .................................................. 13.43 2.4 13.05 3.0 – – Level 5 .................................................. 15.10 5.8 15.35 6.3 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 13.36 8.2 13.24 8.2 – – Financial clerks.................................................. 15.21 3.5 14.24 7.1 – – Level 4 .................................................. – – 13.02 8.2 – – Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... – – 14.16 7.6 – – Customer service representatives.................................. 13.00 5.5 13.00 5.5 – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.77 3.5 12.77 3.5 – – Order clerks...................................................... 10.13 6.6 – – – – Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.77 6.2 – – – – Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.00 7.9 10.44 10.6 – – Level 2 .................................................. 8.87 8.9 – – – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 12.58 6.0 12.57 6.1 – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.98 4.8 – – – – Office clerks, general............................................ 12.84 3.0 13.33 4.0 – – Level 3 .................................................. 11.49 2.3 11.85 2.6 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 15.73 9.7 15.84 9.7 – – Level 2 .................................................. 10.00 .4 10.08 .2 – – Level 5 .................................................. 17.96 4.4 17.96 4.4 – – Level 7 .................................................. 22.62 4.4 22.85 5.9 – – First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 27.07 7.6 – – – – Construction laborers............................................. 11.99 4.3 11.99 4.3 – – Construction equipment operators.................................. 14.31 .1 14.31 .1 – – Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.31 .1 14.31 .1 – – Helpers, construction trades...................................... 10.01 7.0 10.02 7.4 – – Level 2 .................................................. 10.32 1.6 – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.42 4.2 17.05 4.2 – – Level 5 .................................................. 16.40 7.5 16.40 7.5 – – Level 7 .................................................. 22.46 7.9 25.20 8.1 – – Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.79 16.3 21.05 16.7 – – Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.35 11.6 – – – – Production occupations.............................................. 17.19 21.1 17.24 21.2 – – Level 2 .................................................. 9.50 5.6 9.50 5.6 – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.64 10.4 14.64 10.4 – – Level 6 .................................................. 18.43 5.0 18.43 5.0 – – Level 7 .................................................. 20.55 3.4 20.55 3.4 – – Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 9.18 18.4 9.18 18.4 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.85 9.1 12.95 8.3 8.29 3.9 Level 1 .................................................. 8.55 10.6 9.20 17.2 7.80 5.1 Level 2 .................................................. 9.68 3.5 10.21 7.2 – – Level 4 .................................................. 15.93 8.7 16.04 9.9 – – Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 13.52 11.0 13.52 11.0 – – Level 4 .................................................. 16.07 11.3 16.07 11.3 – – Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 15.52 17.7 15.52 17.7 – – Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.66 7.1 10.72 6.8 8.30 6.9 Level 1 .................................................. 8.36 5.7 – – 7.99 5.3 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.74 10.8 11.42 10.2 8.30 7.2 Level 1 .................................................. 8.33 6.4 – – 7.96 5.2 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $23.07 4.0 $23.83 4.2 $12.50 14.4 Management occupations.............................................. 50.58 27.7 53.11 28.2 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 23.27 3.1 23.27 3.1 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 24.05 9.3 24.05 9.3 – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 29.32 3.6 30.59 2.8 16.48 17.2 Level 4 .................................................. 13.34 3.0 13.34 3.0 – – Level 9 .................................................. 33.53 1.6 33.53 1.6 – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 33.16 .3 33.16 .3 – – Level 9 .................................................. 33.19 .4 33.19 .4 – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 32.66 3.8 32.66 3.8 – – Level 9 .................................................. 32.68 4.0 32.68 4.0 – – Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 31.87 2.6 31.87 2.6 – – Level 9 .................................................. 31.88 2.7 31.88 2.7 – – Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 34.69 4.6 34.69 4.6 – – Level 9 .................................................. 34.69 4.6 34.69 4.6 – – Secondary school teachers....................................... 33.22 2.7 33.22 2.7 – – Level 9 .................................................. 33.27 2.5 33.27 2.5 – – Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 32.56 1.1 32.56 1.1 – – Level 9 .................................................. 32.60 1.0 32.60 1.0 – – Teacher assistants................................................ 12.94 .6 12.94 .6 – – Level 4 .................................................. 13.34 3.0 13.34 3.0 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 27.29 16.2 27.22 17.1 – – Protective service occupations...................................... 19.90 8.8 19.90 8.8 – – Level 6 .................................................. 18.60 3.2 18.60 3.2 – – Police officers................................................... 20.42 4.4 20.42 4.4 – – Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 20.42 4.4 20.42 4.4 – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.68 16.4 – – – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.64 2.9 10.62 2.9 – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.39 3.7 – – – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.39 3.7 – – – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 10.37 15.8 – – 8.69 12.3 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 15.79 5.5 16.29 4.0 – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.18 5.2 14.18 5.2 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 17.24 9.9 – – – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.25 8.1 16.25 8.1 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 17.35 10.7 17.35 10.7 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 14.24 3.6 14.24 3.6 – – Bus drivers....................................................... 14.42 3.6 14.42 3.6 – – Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.42 3.6 14.42 3.6 – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. Table 5. Combined work levels(1) for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(2) for full-time and part-time workers(3), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $16.94 3.1 $18.69 2.7 $10.17 3.8 Management occupations.............................................. 40.40 11.8 40.69 11.7 – – Group III................................................. 36.85 10.4 – – – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 26.88 6.4 26.68 7.1 – – Group II.................................................. 22.03 5.9 – – – – Group III................................................. 31.88 6.6 – – – – Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 25.30 7.2 25.30 7.2 – – Accountants and auditors.......................................... 24.74 4.4 23.07 6.3 – – Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 24.13 9.0 24.13 9.0 – – Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 28.24 2.7 28.24 2.7 – – Group II.................................................. 24.96 3.3 – – – – Group III................................................. 34.11 1.1 – – – – Engineers......................................................... 31.38 1.8 31.38 1.8 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 18.65 11.9 18.66 12.4 – – Social workers.................................................... 23.21 6.6 23.21 6.6 – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 26.92 7.2 28.57 6.7 15.12 12.0 Group I................................................... 12.09 4.2 – – – – Group II.................................................. 16.85 8.5 – – – – Group III................................................. 34.17 2.2 – – – – Postsecondary teachers............................................ 33.34 11.6 36.54 7.9 15.53 32.2 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 26.92 18.2 – – – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 30.52 7.1 31.41 4.8 – – Group III................................................. 33.26 .8 – – – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 32.42 3.9 32.42 3.9 – – Group III................................................. 32.86 3.8 – – – – Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 31.83 2.6 31.83 2.6 – – Group III................................................. 31.97 2.7 31.97 2.7 – – Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 33.68 6.0 33.68 6.0 – – Group III................................................. 34.91 4.0 34.91 4.0 – – Secondary school teachers....................................... 33.18 2.9 33.18 2.9 – – Group III................................................. 33.23 2.8 – – – – Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 32.56 1.8 32.56 1.8 – – Group III................................................. 32.61 1.8 32.61 1.8 – – Other teachers and instructors.................................... 15.66 13.2 – – 14.35 18.8 Group II.................................................. 16.72 14.4 – – – – Teacher assistants................................................ 12.14 4.5 12.14 4.5 – – Group I................................................... 12.14 4.5 12.14 4.5 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 23.29 11.2 22.98 12.9 26.55 7.9 Group I................................................... 12.90 9.1 – – – – Group II.................................................. 20.29 2.8 – – – – Group III................................................. 36.76 8.9 – – – – Registered nurses................................................. 24.84 4.6 24.18 5.3 27.52 3.0 Group II.................................................. 23.23 7.1 22.63 8.0 – – Group III................................................. 26.39 .9 – – 29.53 1.7 Therapists........................................................ 26.45 7.5 26.45 7.5 – – Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 13.28 13.7 13.28 13.7 – – Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 17.06 1.5 – – – – Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.90 5.8 12.71 9.5 10.30 7.8 Group I................................................... 10.93 2.4 – – – – Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.56 4.7 11.07 3.6 9.74 3.6 Group I................................................... 10.56 4.7 – – – – Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.71 4.3 11.07 3.6 9.97 3.3 Group I................................................... 10.71 4.3 11.07 3.6 9.97 3.3 Protective service occupations...................................... 13.89 11.3 15.33 11.0 8.68 3.5 Group I................................................... 9.29 3.3 – – – – Group II.................................................. 19.76 4.4 – – – – Police officers................................................... 20.42 4.4 20.42 4.4 – – Group II.................................................. 20.42 4.4 – – – – Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 20.42 4.4 20.42 4.4 – – Group II.................................................. 20.42 4.4 20.42 4.4 – – Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 9.41 3.7 9.91 4.7 – – Group I................................................... 9.25 3.6 – – – – Security guards................................................. 9.41 3.7 9.91 4.7 – – Group I................................................... 9.25 3.6 – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.80 7.7 10.38 2.8 8.08 10.4 Group I................................................... 8.12 5.0 – – – – Cooks............................................................. 8.35 11.5 – – 7.72 4.3 Group I................................................... 8.35 11.5 – – – – Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.15 17.2 – – 8.82 21.9 Group I................................................... 8.15 17.2 – – – – Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.66 33.2 – – – – Group I................................................... 3.66 33.2 – – – – Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 10.05 9.9 – – – – Group I................................................... 10.05 9.9 – – – – Fast food and counter workers..................................... 7.43 3.6 – – 7.21 4.4 Group I................................................... 7.43 3.6 – – – – Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 7.41 3.6 – – 7.19 4.6 Group I................................................... 7.41 3.6 – – 7.19 4.6 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.85 7.1 10.43 3.1 11.74 19.0 Group I................................................... 10.17 3.1 – – – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.68 8.0 10.10 3.6 11.74 19.0 Group I................................................... 10.06 3.3 – – – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.89 10.3 10.15 3.2 11.74 19.0 Group I................................................... 9.79 3.2 10.15 3.2 – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 9.12 12.6 – – 8.95 13.6 Group I................................................... 7.95 8.3 – – – – Child care workers................................................ 7.30 2.8 – – 7.18 2.0 Group I................................................... 7.30 2.8 – – 7.18 2.0 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 10.52 6.9 – – 9.74 2.5 Group I................................................... 10.06 10.8 – – – – Recreation workers.............................................. 11.20 9.4 – – – – Group I................................................... 11.20 9.4 – – – – Sales and related occupations....................................... 14.16 13.1 16.48 10.0 8.12 6.2 Group I................................................... 10.90 9.0 – – – – Group II.................................................. 19.40 5.7 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 15.50 12.2 15.50 12.2 – – Group II.................................................. 17.11 5.4 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 15.47 12.3 15.47 12.3 – – Group II.................................................. 17.10 5.5 17.10 5.5 – – Retail sales workers.............................................. 10.68 14.8 12.39 9.8 8.00 5.8 Group I................................................... 10.86 9.9 – – – – Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.48 7.4 – – 7.20 .7 Group I................................................... 8.99 4.3 – – – – Cashiers...................................................... 8.48 7.4 – – 7.20 .7 Group I................................................... 8.99 4.3 – – 7.75 5.6 Retail salespersons............................................. 12.72 22.6 14.43 22.4 9.05 9.5 Group I................................................... 12.58 20.1 14.44 19.7 9.09 9.6 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.74 1.8 13.80 2.1 13.49 2.1 Group I................................................... 12.35 1.5 – – – – Group II.................................................. 16.70 2.5 – – – – Financial clerks.................................................. 15.21 3.4 14.27 6.8 – – Group I................................................... 13.77 4.0 – – – – Group II.................................................. 16.56 5.1 – – – – Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... – – 14.16 7.6 – – Customer service representatives.................................. 13.00 5.3 13.00 5.5 – – Group I................................................... 12.28 3.4 12.25 3.5 – – Order clerks...................................................... 10.13 6.6 – – – – Group I................................................... 10.13 6.6 – – – – Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.77 6.2 – – – – Group I................................................... 11.40 7.4 – – – – Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.00 7.9 10.44 10.6 – – Group I................................................... 10.00 7.9 10.44 10.6 – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.75 5.5 13.87 5.9 – – Group I................................................... 12.83 4.0 – – – – Group II.................................................. 16.85 7.5 – – – – Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 16.21 6.1 16.42 5.8 – – Group II.................................................. 17.94 4.7 17.94 4.7 – – Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.53 3.2 – – – – Office clerks, general............................................ 13.10 3.8 13.70 4.4 – – Group I................................................... 12.82 6.2 13.38 7.0 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 15.95 8.8 16.05 8.7 – – Group I................................................... 11.73 2.2 – – – – Group II.................................................. 19.56 2.6 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 27.07 7.6 – – – – Construction laborers............................................. 11.99 4.3 11.99 4.3 – – Group I................................................... 10.88 .2 10.88 .2 – – Construction equipment operators.................................. 15.02 4.8 15.02 4.8 – – Group I................................................... 13.41 .5 – – – – Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 15.02 4.8 15.02 4.8 – – Group I................................................... 13.41 .5 13.41 .5 – – Helpers, construction trades...................................... 10.01 7.0 10.02 7.4 – – Group I................................................... 10.01 7.0 – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.38 3.9 16.93 4.0 – – Group I................................................... 12.18 7.6 – – – – Group II.................................................. 19.31 6.7 – – – – Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 19.08 16.1 19.26 16.3 – – Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.35 11.6 – – – – Group I................................................... 10.19 7.1 – – – – Production occupations.............................................. 17.19 21.1 17.24 21.2 – – Group I................................................... 10.76 10.8 – – – – Group II.................................................. 18.87 2.2 – – – – Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 9.18 18.4 9.18 18.4 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.98 8.6 13.04 7.7 8.29 3.9 Group I................................................... 11.11 6.6 – – – – Group II.................................................. 18.83 13.2 – – – – Bus drivers....................................................... 14.34 3.7 14.42 3.6 – – Group I................................................... 14.34 3.7 – – – – Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.34 3.7 14.42 3.6 – – Group I................................................... 14.34 3.7 14.42 3.6 – – Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 13.57 10.6 13.57 10.6 – – Group I................................................... 13.83 10.4 – – – – Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 15.48 16.2 15.48 16.2 – – Group I................................................... 17.14 14.6 17.14 14.6 – – Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.66 7.1 10.72 6.8 8.30 6.9 Group I................................................... 9.67 8.6 – – – – Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.74 10.8 11.42 10.2 8.30 7.2 Group I................................................... 9.74 10.8 11.42 10.2 8.30 7.2 1 Combined work levels simplify the presentation of work levels by combining levels 1 through 15 into four broad groups. Group I combines levels 1-4, group II combines levels 5-8, group III combines levels 9-12, and group IV combines levels 13-15. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $7.66 $10.00 $14.09 $20.55 $30.23 Management occupations.............................................. 24.53 28.72 35.55 50.21 57.71 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 18.20 21.89 25.52 31.47 38.63 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 21.89 21.89 23.17 29.08 30.77 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 20.19 21.63 22.60 27.51 31.47 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 18.26 18.26 22.37 28.22 36.13 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 22.19 23.50 26.44 32.23 37.22 Engineers......................................................... 25.00 26.03 31.25 37.22 37.50 Community and social services occupations........................... 12.41 15.27 16.14 20.49 28.96 Social workers.................................................... 18.04 19.38 22.74 28.96 28.96 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 11.30 15.77 28.70 34.63 41.65 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 12.42 27.71 31.69 37.56 49.64 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 7.50 12.42 24.45 35.21 52.40 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 15.77 26.85 30.91 35.59 41.33 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 26.25 28.43 31.96 35.78 40.52 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 26.21 27.93 31.82 34.81 39.13 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 26.80 30.55 32.72 37.13 42.29 Secondary school teachers....................................... 26.33 28.52 30.95 37.13 42.89 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 26.32 28.08 30.75 36.10 42.04 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 8.13 10.00 13.27 19.00 25.00 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.23 11.01 11.75 13.65 14.46 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 12.76 15.50 19.60 26.83 33.65 Registered nurses................................................. 17.60 20.75 25.83 28.76 31.15 Therapists........................................................ 18.02 24.88 26.70 30.20 33.65 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 9.25 9.25 11.50 15.21 21.18 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 15.48 15.97 16.92 18.32 19.14 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 9.01 9.70 11.70 12.02 14.40 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.00 9.36 10.39 11.99 12.15 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.15 9.53 10.54 12.02 12.15 Protective service occupations...................................... 7.68 9.00 10.25 19.43 24.26 Police officers................................................... 17.02 17.67 19.70 21.66 25.04 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 17.02 17.67 19.70 21.66 25.04 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 7.00 8.00 9.25 10.11 11.67 Security guards................................................. 7.00 8.00 9.25 10.11 11.67 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.36 6.55 8.40 10.72 14.00 Cooks............................................................. 6.55 7.00 7.60 9.00 12.50 Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 2.36 10.71 10.72 10.80 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 6.50 8.00 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 6.38 10.51 10.72 10.80 11.45 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.85 6.55 6.85 8.01 9.15 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 5.85 6.55 6.80 8.00 9.00 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 7.93 9.00 10.29 11.25 12.83 Building cleaning workers......................................... 7.93 8.78 9.83 10.87 12.20 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.70 9.00 9.54 10.42 12.47 Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.00 6.50 7.51 10.00 14.84 Child care workers................................................ 6.18 6.50 7.23 7.51 8.38 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 7.56 8.18 10.00 13.06 14.75 Recreation workers.............................................. 7.66 9.08 10.25 13.51 14.33 Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.55 8.00 10.50 17.11 23.20 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 9.00 13.52 17.11 17.69 20.00 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 9.00 13.52 17.11 17.69 20.00 Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.42 7.35 9.83 11.89 16.54 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.00 6.75 7.66 10.14 12.06 Cashiers...................................................... 6.00 6.75 7.66 10.14 12.06 Retail salespersons............................................. 7.72 9.43 10.35 13.00 21.36 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 9.75 11.28 13.56 16.00 18.10 Financial clerks.................................................. 11.04 13.56 15.25 17.79 18.10 Customer service representatives.................................. 10.20 11.64 12.30 13.94 17.36 Order clerks...................................................... 7.83 8.88 9.45 11.00 12.41 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 8.84 9.81 11.96 14.19 14.35 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 7.10 7.14 8.45 11.73 15.69 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 11.28 11.49 12.00 15.39 19.04 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 11.92 13.70 15.67 18.86 20.11 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 9.24 11.49 11.49 11.54 12.00 Office clerks, general............................................ 10.11 11.03 12.00 14.82 16.02 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 9.75 11.25 15.00 19.16 23.00 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 22.00 25.00 26.50 29.38 32.00 Construction laborers............................................. 9.00 10.33 11.25 13.00 16.00 Construction equipment operators.................................. 9.75 14.07 14.56 15.48 19.59 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 9.75 14.07 14.56 15.48 19.59 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 7.00 9.25 10.00 11.00 11.50 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 9.68 12.00 16.31 19.21 26.06 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 12.38 13.01 18.00 26.90 28.38 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 8.60 9.68 12.88 17.73 18.75 Production occupations.............................................. 8.14 10.55 15.97 20.25 33.67 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 7.63 7.63 7.63 8.51 10.93 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 7.00 8.58 10.30 14.46 20.30 Bus drivers....................................................... 11.05 11.86 13.96 16.45 18.07 Bus drivers, school............................................. 11.05 11.86 13.96 16.45 18.07 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 10.00 10.27 12.00 15.30 22.15 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 10.20 11.50 13.25 22.15 22.15 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.25 7.50 8.91 11.12 14.46 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 6.00 8.00 9.00 10.50 14.46 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $7.35 $9.67 $12.75 $19.03 $28.38 Management occupations.............................................. 24.53 28.04 35.55 50.21 55.41 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 18.75 22.17 27.38 31.47 41.72 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 20.19 21.25 22.31 31.47 31.47 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 18.26 18.26 18.26 22.27 32.47 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 22.38 24.68 27.00 32.39 37.22 Engineers......................................................... 25.00 26.03 31.25 37.22 37.50 Community and social services occupations........................... 12.41 12.41 15.27 16.14 16.14 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 10.23 12.50 15.77 27.71 33.74 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 10.00 23.00 27.71 30.58 40.00 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 18.68 22.70 30.77 33.74 39.13 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 12.76 15.48 19.65 26.70 32.70 Registered nurses................................................. 17.60 20.25 24.86 28.38 30.59 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 15.50 15.97 16.99 18.32 19.44 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 9.01 9.70 11.70 12.02 14.40 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.00 9.36 10.39 11.94 12.15 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.15 9.53 10.50 12.02 12.15 Protective service occupations...................................... 7.00 8.00 9.00 9.90 10.25 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 7.00 8.00 9.05 10.00 10.25 Security guards................................................. 7.00 8.00 9.05 10.00 10.25 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.36 6.55 8.25 10.72 14.00 Cooks............................................................. 6.55 7.00 7.50 9.00 13.00 Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 2.36 10.71 10.72 10.80 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 6.50 8.00 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 6.38 10.51 10.72 10.80 11.45 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.85 6.55 6.70 8.00 9.00 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 5.85 6.55 6.70 8.00 9.00 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 7.93 8.76 9.54 11.37 12.94 Building cleaning workers......................................... 7.93 8.76 9.46 10.87 12.20 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.76 8.80 9.46 10.30 12.94 Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.00 6.40 7.50 9.00 18.80 Child care workers................................................ 6.18 6.50 7.49 7.68 8.82 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 7.35 7.68 9.00 10.00 15.00 Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.55 7.85 10.45 17.11 23.20 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 9.00 10.89 17.11 17.69 20.00 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 9.00 10.89 17.11 17.69 20.00 Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.42 7.35 9.79 11.85 16.54 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.00 6.75 7.66 9.90 12.06 Cashiers...................................................... 6.00 6.75 7.66 9.90 12.06 Retail salespersons............................................. 7.72 9.43 10.35 13.00 21.36 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 9.62 11.25 12.91 15.37 18.10 Financial clerks.................................................. 11.04 13.56 15.25 17.79 18.10 Customer service representatives.................................. 10.20 11.58 12.30 13.94 17.50 Order clerks...................................................... 7.83 8.88 9.45 11.00 12.41 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 8.84 9.81 11.96 14.19 14.35 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 7.10 7.14 8.45 11.73 15.69 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 11.28 11.28 11.49 13.70 14.85 Office clerks, general............................................ 10.11 11.00 12.00 13.87 16.00 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 9.75 10.35 14.56 19.16 23.00 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 22.00 25.00 26.50 29.38 32.00 Construction laborers............................................. 9.00 10.33 11.25 13.00 16.00 Construction equipment operators.................................. 9.75 13.00 14.56 15.00 16.00 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 9.75 13.00 14.56 15.00 16.00 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 7.00 9.25 10.00 11.00 11.50 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 9.68 11.50 16.50 19.23 26.90 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 12.72 15.50 20.00 26.90 28.38 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 8.60 9.68 12.88 17.73 18.75 Production occupations.............................................. 8.14 10.55 15.97 20.25 33.67 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 7.63 7.63 7.63 8.51 10.93 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.91 8.58 10.20 13.85 20.72 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 10.00 10.20 12.00 14.97 22.15 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 10.20 10.60 13.25 22.15 22.15 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.25 7.50 8.91 11.12 14.46 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 6.00 8.00 9.00 10.50 14.46 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $11.54 $14.17 $19.89 $28.56 $37.27 Management occupations.............................................. 23.24 29.31 37.34 57.71 110.35 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 15.08 21.64 23.17 26.12 30.77 Community and social services occupations........................... 17.37 19.38 22.09 27.45 32.40 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 12.34 24.38 30.75 36.33 42.73 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 26.70 28.70 31.96 36.91 42.04 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 26.60 28.70 31.96 35.97 40.74 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 26.29 28.00 31.85 34.81 39.13 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 28.57 31.45 32.72 38.27 42.89 Secondary school teachers....................................... 26.60 28.70 31.17 37.13 42.73 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 26.38 28.43 30.75 36.10 41.53 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.99 12.02 12.71 13.98 15.19 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.64 16.31 19.16 29.65 72.10 Protective service occupations...................................... 12.69 16.91 19.63 23.64 27.08 Police officers................................................... 17.02 17.67 19.70 21.66 25.04 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 17.02 17.67 19.70 21.66 25.04 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.53 9.13 9.49 12.60 14.25 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.92 10.23 10.42 10.95 12.68 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.61 9.71 10.42 10.77 12.47 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.61 9.71 10.42 10.77 12.47 Personal care and service occupations............................... 7.23 7.66 10.00 13.06 14.33 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 11.54 13.50 15.52 18.49 20.42 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 11.54 11.94 16.40 19.02 19.29 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 13.31 13.86 16.99 20.92 21.97 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.05 12.10 13.94 16.41 17.89 Bus drivers....................................................... 11.05 11.88 14.16 16.76 18.27 Bus drivers, school............................................. 11.05 11.88 14.16 16.76 18.27 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 9. Full-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Full-time workers Occupation(3) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $9.00 $11.28 $16.00 $22.60 $31.96 Management occupations.............................................. 24.53 29.01 35.55 50.21 57.71 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 17.94 21.64 25.00 30.77 38.63 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 21.89 21.89 23.17 29.08 30.77 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 20.19 20.19 22.17 23.72 27.51 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 18.26 18.26 22.37 28.22 36.13 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 22.19 23.50 26.44 32.23 37.22 Engineers......................................................... 25.00 26.03 31.25 37.22 37.50 Community and social services occupations........................... 12.41 15.27 16.14 20.49 28.96 Social workers.................................................... 18.04 19.38 22.74 28.96 28.96 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 12.17 17.29 30.31 35.60 42.62 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 27.71 30.58 34.63 39.52 49.64 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 19.53 27.45 31.45 36.10 41.58 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 26.25 28.43 31.96 35.78 40.52 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 26.21 27.93 31.82 34.81 39.13 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 26.80 30.55 32.72 37.13 42.29 Secondary school teachers....................................... 26.33 28.52 30.95 37.13 42.89 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 26.32 28.08 30.75 36.10 42.04 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.23 11.01 11.75 13.65 14.46 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.94 15.08 19.09 26.70 33.65 Registered nurses................................................. 17.60 20.25 24.56 27.69 30.80 Therapists........................................................ 18.02 24.88 26.70 30.20 33.65 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 9.25 9.25 11.50 15.21 21.18 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 9.56 10.56 12.00 12.15 24.69 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.36 10.14 11.32 12.15 12.15 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.36 10.14 11.32 12.15 12.15 Protective service occupations...................................... 8.50 9.27 13.43 19.87 25.04 Police officers................................................... 17.02 17.67 19.70 21.66 25.04 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 17.02 17.67 19.70 21.66 25.04 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 7.45 8.65 9.50 11.54 12.69 Security guards................................................. 7.45 8.65 9.50 11.54 12.69 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 7.84 10.51 14.35 15.46 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 7.93 8.92 10.42 11.37 12.79 Building cleaning workers......................................... 7.93 8.69 10.42 11.37 12.20 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.35 9.06 10.40 10.77 12.00 Sales and related occupations....................................... 7.66 9.83 12.88 20.00 30.23 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 9.00 13.52 17.11 17.69 20.00 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 9.00 13.52 17.11 17.69 20.00 Retail sales workers.............................................. 7.56 9.00 10.30 13.00 21.00 Retail salespersons............................................. 9.43 10.00 10.90 16.80 23.20 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 10.10 11.48 13.17 16.00 18.44 Financial clerks.................................................. 10.00 11.25 14.22 16.00 17.79 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 11.25 11.25 15.32 16.00 16.00 Customer service representatives.................................. 10.20 11.58 12.30 13.94 17.50 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 7.14 7.14 9.50 11.73 17.42 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 11.28 11.49 12.00 15.39 19.04 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 11.80 13.70 16.44 19.04 21.52 Office clerks, general............................................ 11.00 11.56 13.13 15.00 16.66 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 9.75 11.50 15.00 20.00 23.00 Construction laborers............................................. 9.00 10.33 11.25 13.00 16.00 Construction equipment operators.................................. 9.75 14.07 14.56 15.48 19.59 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 9.75 14.07 14.56 15.48 19.59 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 7.00 9.25 10.00 11.00 11.50 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 10.00 12.88 16.50 19.53 26.90 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 12.38 13.01 18.06 26.90 28.38 Production occupations.............................................. 8.13 10.50 16.42 20.55 33.67 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 7.63 7.63 7.63 8.51 10.93 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 7.50 9.75 11.20 16.49 22.15 Bus drivers....................................................... 11.05 11.88 14.16 16.76 18.27 Bus drivers, school............................................. 11.05 11.88 14.16 16.76 18.27 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 10.00 10.27 12.00 15.30 22.15 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 10.20 11.50 13.25 22.15 22.15 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 7.50 8.58 9.67 12.50 14.46 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 8.58 8.58 9.67 14.46 14.76 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 10. Part-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Part-time workers Occupation(3) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $6.05 $7.00 $9.00 $10.72 $16.08 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 8.13 10.25 14.43 18.27 25.00 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 7.00 8.00 12.00 23.00 31.69 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 8.13 8.13 12.60 17.00 25.36 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 16.00 21.00 27.04 29.99 35.00 Registered nurses................................................. 21.90 24.28 28.40 29.68 32.26 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.25 9.01 9.70 11.34 14.40 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.25 9.01 9.46 10.25 11.94 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.63 9.15 9.66 10.50 11.94 Protective service occupations...................................... 6.97 7.50 8.75 9.58 10.11 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 5.85 6.55 8.00 10.71 10.72 Cooks............................................................. 6.55 7.00 7.00 8.50 9.40 Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 8.00 10.71 10.72 10.72 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.85 6.55 6.75 8.00 9.00 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 5.85 6.55 6.75 8.00 9.00 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.76 9.00 9.00 10.29 28.00 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.76 9.00 9.00 10.29 28.00 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.76 9.00 9.00 10.29 28.00 Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.00 6.40 7.50 9.50 17.00 Child care workers................................................ 6.18 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.03 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 7.56 7.68 9.08 10.25 12.00 Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.00 6.55 7.00 9.50 10.93 Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.00 6.50 7.00 9.15 10.85 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.00 6.50 6.75 7.23 9.25 Cashiers...................................................... 6.00 6.50 6.75 7.23 9.25 Retail salespersons............................................. 6.21 6.55 8.80 10.35 12.40 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 8.55 9.91 15.25 16.40 18.10 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.00 6.50 8.69 9.50 9.84 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.00 6.50 8.69 9.50 10.00 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 6.00 6.50 8.69 9.50 10.00 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 11. Full-time(1) civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $18.69 $16.00 $741 $618 39.6 $36,760 $31,200 1,967 Management occupations.............................................. 40.69 35.55 1,664 1,447 40.9 86,107 73,944 2,116 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 26.68 25.00 1,115 1,000 41.8 58,006 51,994 2,174 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 25.30 23.17 1,006 927 39.8 52,301 48,192 2,067 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 23.07 22.17 923 887 40.0 47,992 46,107 2,080 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 24.13 22.37 874 809 36.2 45,458 42,062 1,884 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 28.24 26.44 1,130 1,058 40.0 58,739 54,995 2,080 Engineers......................................................... 31.38 31.25 1,255 1,250 40.0 65,278 65,000 2,080 Community and social services occupations........................... 18.66 16.14 678 565 36.3 34,786 29,369 1,864 Social workers.................................................... 23.21 22.74 886 853 38.2 46,058 44,351 1,985 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 28.57 30.31 1,052 1,108 36.8 43,000 44,207 1,505 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 36.54 34.63 1,462 1,385 40.0 65,871 60,991 1,803 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 31.41 31.45 1,148 1,145 36.6 45,990 44,720 1,464 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 32.42 31.96 1,175 1,159 36.2 47,158 44,720 1,454 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 31.83 31.82 1,162 1,159 36.5 46,209 44,720 1,452 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 33.68 32.72 1,202 1,175 35.7 49,182 46,679 1,460 Secondary school teachers....................................... 33.18 30.95 1,201 1,121 36.2 47,181 44,479 1,422 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 32.56 30.75 1,183 1,115 36.3 46,641 43,877 1,432 Teacher assistants................................................ 12.14 11.75 434 424 35.8 17,174 17,298 1,415 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.98 19.09 905 780 39.4 46,437 38,917 2,021 Registered nurses................................................. 24.18 24.56 938 931 38.8 46,859 44,699 1,938 Therapists........................................................ 26.45 26.70 1,042 1,068 39.4 53,340 54,634 2,016 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 13.28 11.50 529 460 39.9 27,519 23,920 2,072 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.71 12.00 496 456 39.0 25,779 23,696 2,028 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.07 11.32 424 434 38.3 22,063 22,562 1,992 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 11.07 11.32 424 434 38.3 22,063 22,562 1,992 Protective service occupations...................................... 15.33 13.43 625 508 40.8 25,412 20,800 1,658 Police officers................................................... 20.42 19.70 823 788 40.3 42,774 40,970 2,095 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 20.42 19.70 823 788 40.3 42,774 40,970 2,095 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 9.91 9.50 388 380 39.1 19,792 19,293 1,997 Security guards................................................. 9.91 9.50 388 380 39.1 19,792 19,293 1,997 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.38 10.51 401 360 38.7 20,138 17,347 1,940 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.43 10.42 410 416 39.3 20,834 21,278 1,997 Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.10 10.42 396 408 39.2 20,016 21,008 1,983 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.15 10.40 402 416 39.7 20,004 20,315 1,972 Sales and related occupations....................................... 16.48 12.88 673 482 40.9 33,002 24,960 2,003 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 15.50 17.11 664 684 42.8 34,527 35,591 2,228 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 15.47 17.11 663 684 42.9 34,491 35,591 2,230 Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.39 10.30 502 406 40.5 23,558 20,663 1,901 Retail salespersons............................................. 14.43 10.90 590 420 40.9 25,997 21,424 1,801 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.80 13.17 548 517 39.7 27,691 26,705 2,007 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.27 14.22 571 569 40.0 29,054 28,160 2,036 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 14.16 15.32 567 613 40.0 28,364 28,160 2,003 Customer service representatives.................................. 13.00 12.30 519 492 39.9 24,095 25,501 1,854 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.44 9.50 418 380 40.0 21,711 19,760 2,080 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.87 12.00 545 480 39.3 28,280 24,960 2,038 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 16.42 16.44 636 629 38.7 32,900 32,594 2,004 Office clerks, general............................................ 13.70 13.13 542 520 39.6 28,204 27,045 2,059 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.05 15.00 642 600 40.0 33,364 31,200 2,079 Construction laborers............................................. 11.99 11.25 480 450 40.0 24,946 23,394 2,080 Construction equipment operators.................................. 15.02 14.56 601 582 40.0 31,243 30,283 2,080 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 15.02 14.56 601 582 40.0 31,243 30,283 2,080 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 10.02 10.00 387 400 38.6 20,102 20,800 2,007 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.93 16.50 677 660 40.0 35,221 34,320 2,080 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 19.26 18.06 770 722 40.0 40,053 37,565 2,080 Production occupations.............................................. 17.24 16.42 696 639 40.4 36,173 33,218 2,099 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 9.18 7.63 367 305 40.0 19,085 15,879 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.04 11.20 516 447 39.6 26,122 22,880 2,003 Bus drivers....................................................... 14.42 14.16 401 340 27.8 15,196 12,420 1,054 Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.42 14.16 401 340 27.8 15,196 12,420 1,054 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 13.57 12.00 557 510 41.0 28,955 26,520 2,134 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 15.48 13.25 619 530 40.0 32,195 27,560 2,080 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 10.72 9.67 426 362 39.7 21,954 18,847 2,047 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 11.42 9.67 452 362 39.5 23,138 18,847 2,026 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 12. Full-time(1) private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $17.56 $14.92 $701 $577 39.9 $35,290 $29,273 2,010 Management occupations.............................................. 38.43 35.55 1,570 1,428 40.8 81,620 74,256 2,124 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 27.40 25.52 1,156 1,028 42.2 60,118 53,456 2,194 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 21.72 18.26 752 548 34.6 39,108 28,487 1,800 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 28.87 27.00 1,155 1,080 40.0 60,041 56,160 2,080 Engineers......................................................... 31.38 31.25 1,255 1,250 40.0 65,278 65,000 2,080 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 22.12 15.89 847 631 38.3 37,503 27,334 1,696 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 21.83 15.77 835 631 38.2 36,054 27,334 1,652 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 30.03 30.77 1,064 1,156 35.4 48,178 47,600 1,605 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.30 19.40 881 784 39.5 45,793 40,768 2,053 Registered nurses................................................. 23.54 22.99 922 907 39.2 47,937 47,174 2,037 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.71 12.00 496 456 39.0 25,779 23,696 2,028 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.07 11.32 424 434 38.3 22,063 22,562 1,992 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 11.07 11.32 424 434 38.3 22,063 22,562 1,992 Protective service occupations...................................... 9.18 9.07 358 357 39.1 11,658 5,717 1,270 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.30 10.51 405 360 39.3 20,623 18,720 2,001 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.32 10.82 405 408 39.2 21,062 21,197 2,040 Sales and related occupations....................................... 16.48 12.85 674 482 40.9 32,988 24,960 2,002 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 15.22 17.11 655 684 43.0 34,039 35,591 2,237 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 15.18 17.11 654 684 43.1 33,994 35,591 2,239 Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.40 10.30 503 406 40.5 23,537 20,663 1,898 Retail salespersons............................................. 14.43 10.90 590 420 40.9 25,997 21,424 1,801 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.29 12.43 529 494 39.8 26,742 25,584 2,012 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.24 14.22 570 569 40.0 28,973 28,160 2,034 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 14.16 15.32 567 613 40.0 28,364 28,160 2,003 Customer service representatives.................................. 13.00 12.30 519 492 39.9 24,095 25,501 1,854 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.44 9.50 418 380 40.0 21,711 19,760 2,080 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 12.57 11.49 495 460 39.4 25,726 23,899 2,047 Office clerks, general............................................ 13.33 12.11 527 488 39.5 27,416 25,355 2,056 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 15.84 14.68 633 582 40.0 32,928 30,283 2,078 Construction laborers............................................. 11.99 11.25 480 450 40.0 24,946 23,394 2,080 Construction equipment operators.................................. 14.31 14.56 572 582 40.0 29,758 30,283 2,080 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.31 14.56 572 582 40.0 29,758 30,283 2,080 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 10.02 10.00 387 400 38.6 20,102 20,800 2,007 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 17.05 16.50 682 660 40.0 35,457 34,320 2,080 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 21.05 20.00 842 800 40.0 43,786 41,600 2,080 Production occupations.............................................. 17.24 16.42 696 639 40.4 36,173 33,218 2,099 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 9.18 7.63 367 305 40.0 19,085 15,879 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 12.95 11.00 523 448 40.4 27,149 23,296 2,096 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 13.52 12.00 555 510 41.1 28,879 26,520 2,136 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 15.52 13.25 621 530 40.0 32,272 27,560 2,080 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 10.72 9.67 426 362 39.7 21,954 18,847 2,047 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 11.42 9.67 452 362 39.5 23,138 18,847 2,026 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 13. Full-time(1) State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $23.83 $20.60 $917 $817 38.5 $42,685 $40,477 1,791 Management occupations.............................................. 53.11 37.34 2,182 1,447 41.1 110,139 63,672 2,074 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 23.27 23.17 931 927 40.0 48,398 48,192 2,080 Community and social services occupations........................... 24.05 22.09 916 867 38.1 45,737 44,799 1,902 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 30.59 31.78 1,112 1,142 36.4 44,472 44,720 1,454 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 33.16 31.96 1,203 1,159 36.3 47,564 44,786 1,434 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 32.66 31.96 1,187 1,159 36.3 47,066 44,720 1,441 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 31.87 31.85 1,164 1,159 36.5 46,350 44,720 1,454 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 34.69 32.72 1,244 1,174 35.9 48,841 46,589 1,408 Secondary school teachers....................................... 33.22 31.17 1,201 1,121 36.2 47,222 44,386 1,422 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 32.56 30.75 1,181 1,115 36.3 46,642 43,877 1,433 Teacher assistants................................................ 12.94 12.71 451 458 34.9 17,025 17,298 1,316 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 27.22 18.34 1,055 751 38.8 50,054 37,482 1,839 Protective service occupations...................................... 19.90 19.63 839 785 42.2 42,642 40,654 2,143 Police officers................................................... 20.42 19.70 823 788 40.3 42,774 40,970 2,095 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 20.42 19.70 823 788 40.3 42,774 40,970 2,095 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.62 10.42 419 417 39.5 20,480 21,632 1,929 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 16.29 16.29 638 627 39.2 32,289 32,111 1,982 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.25 16.40 636 629 39.1 32,890 32,594 2,023 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 17.35 16.99 694 680 40.0 36,095 35,339 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 14.24 13.94 438 416 30.8 17,759 13,860 1,247 Bus drivers....................................................... 14.42 14.16 401 340 27.8 15,196 12,420 1,054 Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.42 14.16 401 340 27.8 15,196 12,420 1,054 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings(1) of private industry establishments for major occupational groups, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 1-99 100-499 500 Occupational group(2) Total workers workers workers or more All workers.................................. $15.82 $14.50 $14.23 $22.63 Management, professional, and related...... 26.12 23.30 25.77 30.03 Management, business, and financial...... 33.37 31.37 28.03 37.48 Professional and related................. 22.05 19.42 24.59 24.75 Service.................................... 9.31 9.25 9.55 9.19 Sales and office........................... 13.74 14.43 12.79 12.19 Sales and related........................ 14.13 15.28 11.73 9.21 Office and administrative support........ 13.38 13.44 13.78 12.75 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance............................... 15.99 15.28 16.86 – Construction and extraction............. 15.73 15.16 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair.... 16.42 15.59 17.26 – Production, transportation, and material moving.................................... 14.29 12.79 11.31 – Production............................... 17.19 13.31 12.95 – Transportation and material moving....... 11.85 12.54 9.80 13.70 B 1-99 100-499 500 Total workers workers workers or more Occupational group(2) Relative error(3) (percent) Relative error(3) (percent) All workers........................................................... 3.8 5.7 5.7 7.1 Management, professional, and related............................... 7.9 11.3 6.8 13.1 Management, business, and financial............................... 9.1 8.5 15.5 17.8 Professional and related.......................................... 7.8 14.3 10.5 5.1 Service............................................................. 4.7 7.0 4.6 2.6 Sales and office.................................................... 6.4 9.7 3.5 2.3 Sales and related................................................. 13.4 16.4 5.8 5.0 Office and administrative support................................. 1.8 1.0 5.6 2.9 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 6.6 8.0 8.4 – Construction and extraction...................................... 9.7 10.8 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 4.2 8.0 9.9 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 10.9 6.5 9.2 – Production........................................................ 21.1 10.2 7.0 – Transportation and material moving................................ 9.1 9.7 9.7 8.4 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time(1) private industry workers, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $16.21 $14.46 $649 $548 40.0 $32,596 $27,334 2,011 Management occupations.............................................. 34.50 30.27 1,550 1,428 44.9 80,603 74,256 2,337 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 30.10 28.40 1,311 1,125 43.6 68,176 58,500 2,265 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 24.89 18.32 965 707 38.8 50,173 36,774 2,015 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.54 10.80 414 384 39.3 21,512 19,948 2,042 Sales and related occupations....................................... 18.01 15.73 748 549 41.5 35,945 27,040 1,996 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 14.88 17.11 649 684 43.7 33,770 35,591 2,270 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 14.88 17.11 649 684 43.7 33,770 35,591 2,270 Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.89 10.25 533 406 41.4 23,979 19,165 1,861 Retail salespersons............................................. 17.09 13.00 738 520 43.2 28,286 21,840 1,656 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.18 12.00 525 480 39.9 25,980 24,960 1,972 Financial clerks.................................................. 13.74 12.06 549 482 40.0 28,573 25,085 2,080 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 15.27 14.56 610 582 40.0 31,740 30,283 2,078 Construction laborers............................................. 11.99 11.25 480 450 40.0 24,946 23,394 2,080 Construction equipment operators.................................. 14.31 14.56 572 582 40.0 29,758 30,283 2,080 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.31 14.56 572 582 40.0 29,758 30,283 2,080 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 9.89 10.00 379 370 38.3 19,702 19,240 1,992 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 15.59 16.00 624 640 40.0 32,427 33,280 2,080 Production occupations.............................................. 13.33 12.36 547 480 41.0 28,428 24,960 2,132 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.12 10.60 532 440 40.5 27,663 22,880 2,108 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 13.42 11.00 552 500 41.1 28,702 26,000 2,139 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 15.39 13.10 616 524 40.0 32,012 27,248 2,080 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time(1) private industry workers, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $19.40 $16.42 $771 $660 39.7 $38,976 $33,443 2,009 Management occupations.............................................. 39.54 38.86 1,575 1,505 39.8 81,876 78,250 2,071 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 22.37 21.63 893 865 39.9 46,417 44,990 2,075 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 24.75 20.22 990 809 40.0 51,480 42,062 2,080 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 28.54 26.44 1,142 1,058 40.0 59,364 54,995 2,080 Engineers......................................................... 30.92 30.75 1,237 1,230 40.0 64,320 63,960 2,080 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 32.93 30.58 1,280 1,223 38.9 55,761 49,275 1,693 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 20.80 19.50 830 798 39.9 43,176 41,496 2,076 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.96 11.01 422 424 38.5 21,951 22,027 2,003 Sales and related occupations....................................... 12.02 10.50 470 418 39.1 24,246 21,736 2,018 Retail sales workers.............................................. 11.30 10.30 437 411 38.7 22,464 21,362 1,988 Retail salespersons............................................. 11.38 10.30 439 406 38.5 22,812 21,112 2,004 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.39 12.74 533 510 39.8 27,430 26,520 2,049 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.95 15.26 598 610 40.0 29,504 28,160 1,974 Customer service representatives.................................. 12.99 12.29 520 492 40.0 26,806 25,561 2,063 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.21 13.70 508 514 38.5 26,420 26,705 2,000 Office clerks, general............................................ 12.67 11.63 507 465 40.0 26,353 24,190 2,080 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 18.23 18.75 729 750 40.0 37,921 39,000 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 19.12 18.39 765 736 40.0 39,772 38,251 2,080 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 21.05 20.00 842 800 40.0 43,786 41,600 2,080 Production occupations.............................................. 19.46 17.87 778 715 40.0 40,477 37,170 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 12.44 11.20 498 448 40.0 25,638 23,296 2,060 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 11.14 8.91 446 356 40.0 22,828 17,992 2,049 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 11.25 8.91 450 356 40.0 22,898 17,842 2,035 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 17. Union(1) and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings(2) for major occupational groups, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Union Nonunion Occupational group(3) Private State and Private State and Civilian industry local Civilian industry local workers workers government workers workers government workers workers All workers........................................................... $17.05 $17.05 – $16.93 $15.73 $23.07 Management, professional, and related............................... – – – 27.19 26.12 29.58 Management, business, and financial............................... – – – 34.10 33.37 37.92 Professional and related.......................................... – – – 24.28 22.05 28.05 Service............................................................. – – – 10.55 9.16 17.00 Sales and office.................................................... – – – 13.89 13.69 15.82 Sales and related................................................. – – – 14.16 14.13 – Office and administrative support................................. – – – 13.67 13.29 15.79 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 20.29 20.29 – 15.47 15.22 16.96 Construction and extraction...................................... – – – 15.34 14.98 17.35 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 19.44 19.44 – 15.72 15.66 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 18.31 18.31 – 13.60 13.58 14.24 Production........................................................ – – – 17.16 17.16 – Transportation and material moving................................ 19.87 19.87 – 11.08 10.89 14.24 Union Nonunion Private State and Private State and Civilian industry local Civilian industry local workers workers government workers workers government workers workers Relative error(4) (percent) Relative error(4) (percent) All workers........................................................... 6.6 6.6 – 3.2 4.0 4.0 Management, professional, and related............................... – – – 5.5 7.9 5.2 Management, business, and financial............................... – – – 8.6 9.1 26.6 Professional and related.......................................... – – – 4.9 7.8 3.4 Service............................................................. – – – 6.0 5.3 10.7 Sales and office.................................................... – – – 5.8 6.5 5.5 Sales and related................................................. – – – 13.1 13.4 – Office and administrative support................................. – – – 1.8 1.6 5.5 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 8.1 8.1 – 6.2 7.0 6.7 Construction and extraction...................................... – – – 8.7 9.6 10.7 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 12.1 12.1 – 5.4 6.3 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 7.6 7.6 – 13.8 14.3 3.6 Production........................................................ – – – 28.6 28.6 – Transportation and material moving................................ 9.7 9.7 – 6.1 6.5 3.6 1 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 18. Time and incentive workers(1): Mean hourly earnings(2) for major occupational groups, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Time Incentive Occupational group(3) Civilian Private Civilian Private workers industry workers industry workers workers All workers........................................................... $16.59 $15.34 $23.97 $23.97 Management, professional, and related............................... 26.97 25.72 – – Management, business, and financial............................... 34.33 33.51 – – Professional and related.......................................... 24.28 22.05 – – Service............................................................. 10.52 9.20 – – Sales and office.................................................... 12.62 12.26 25.62 25.62 Sales and related................................................. 10.95 10.84 28.44 28.44 Office and administrative support................................. 13.73 13.35 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 16.16 16.05 – – Construction and extraction...................................... – 15.73 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 16.54 16.59 – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 14.37 14.38 – – Production........................................................ 17.19 17.19 – – Transportation and material moving................................ 12.02 11.89 – – Time Incentive Civilian Private Civilian Private workers industry workers industry workers workers Relative error(4) (percent) Relative error(4) (percent) All workers........................................................... 2.8 3.3 9.5 9.5 Management, professional, and related............................... 5.6 8.2 – – Management, business, and financial............................... 9.7 10.5 – – Professional and related.......................................... 4.9 7.8 – – Service............................................................. 5.6 4.8 – – Sales and office.................................................... 2.8 2.9 11.2 11.2 Sales and related................................................. 5.5 5.5 13.4 13.4 Office and administrative support................................. 1.9 1.8 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 5.7 6.4 – – Construction and extraction...................................... – 9.7 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 3.9 4.2 – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 10.9 11.3 – – Production........................................................ 21.1 21.1 – – Transportation and material moving................................ 9.2 9.7 – – 1 Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary. Incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 19. Industry sector(1): Mean hourly earnings(2) for private industry workers by major occupational group, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Goods producing Service providing Occupational group(3) Trade, Profes- Education Leisure Construc- Manufac- transpor- Infor- Financial sional and and Other tion turing tation, mation activiti- and health hospital- services and es business services ity utilities services All workers........................................................... $16.51 $21.74 – – – – $18.17 $9.18 – Management, professional, and related............................... – 41.27 – – – – 23.50 – – Management, business, and financial............................... – – – – – – 31.84 – – Professional and related.......................................... – 28.99 – – – – 22.24 – – Service............................................................. – – – – – – 10.66 8.25 – Sales and office.................................................... 13.44 14.03 – – – – 12.87 12.24 – Sales and related................................................. – – – – – – – – – Office and administrative support................................. 13.44 14.03 – – – – 12.84 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 15.06 17.93 – – – – – – – Construction and extraction...................................... – – – – – – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – 18.92 – – – – – – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 16.73 18.11 – – – – – – – Production........................................................ – 18.57 – – – – – – – Transportation and material moving................................ 16.73 13.95 – – – – – – – B Goods producing Service providing Trade, Profes- Education Leisure Construc- Manufac- transpor- Infor- Financial sional and and Other Occupational group(3) tion turing tation, mation activiti- and health hospital- services and es business services ity utilities services Relative error(4) (percent) Relative error(4) (percent) All workers........................................................... 13.2 2.9 – – – – 6.9 11.4 – Management, professional, and related............................... – 6.5 – – – – 9.6 – – Management, business, and financial............................... – – – – – – 10.0 – – Professional and related.......................................... – 7.1 – – – – 10.8 – – Service............................................................. – – – – – – 11.0 10.3 – Sales and office.................................................... 5.1 13.4 – – – – 1.0 18.0 – Sales and related................................................. – – – – – – – – – Office and administrative support................................. 5.1 13.4 – – – – .9 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 10.4 10.5 – – – – – – – Construction and extraction...................................... – – – – – – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – 10.7 – – – – – – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 2.9 26.9 – – – – – – – Production........................................................ – 30.2 – – – – – – – Transportation and material moving................................ 2.9 9.6 – – – – – – – 1 Industry sectors are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Appendix table 1. Number of workers(1) represented by the survey, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Private State and Occupational group(2) Civilian industry local workers workers government workers All workers........................................................... 699,900 590,300 109,700 Management, professional, and related............................... 169,600 110,500 59,100 Management, business, and financial............................... 41,900 34,800 7,100 Professional and related.......................................... 127,700 75,700 52,000 Service............................................................. 169,800 147,500 22,300 Sales and office.................................................... 182,400 167,700 14,700 Sales and related................................................. 81,000 80,000 – Office and administrative support................................. 101,400 87,600 13,700 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 75,700 66,700 8,900 Construction and extraction...................................... 47,200 41,200 6,000 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 28,400 25,500 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 102,500 97,900 4,600 Production........................................................ 41,700 41,700 – Transportation and material moving................................ 60,800 56,200 4,600 1 The number of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of the number of workers provide a description of size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for comparison to other statistical series to measure employment trends or levels. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2008 Private State and Establishments Total industry local government Total in sampling frame(1)............................................ 33,186 32,463 723 Total in sample....................................................... 281 254 27 Responding........................................................ 176 149 27 Refused or unable to provide data................................. 72 72 0 Out of business or not in survey scope............................ 33 33 0 1 The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State unemployment insurance reports and is based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). For private industries, an establishment is usually a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment is defined as all locations of a government entity. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.

Last Modified Date: April 6, 2009

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