Table 4. Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), not seasonally adjusted Natural resources and mining (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September -1.2 19.7 16.2 3.5 20.9 17.5 3.4 December -14.2 15.4 11.8 3.6 29.6 24.4 5.2 1993 March -2.3 15.6 12.0 3.6 17.9 13.8 4.1 June 18.7 30.7 24.5 6.2 12.0 9.7 2.3 September -1.0 19.9 16.4 3.5 20.9 17.3 3.6 December -13.0 16.2 12.5 3.7 29.2 24.2 5.0 1994 March -2.8 15.0 11.9 3.1 17.8 14.2 3.6 June 18.8 31.0 25.3 5.7 12.2 9.9 2.3 September -1.2 19.2 15.8 3.4 20.4 16.9 3.5 December -14.9 14.9 11.7 3.2 29.8 24.5 5.3 1995 March -2.5 15.9 12.7 3.2 18.4 14.4 4.0 June 17.2 30.2 24.1 6.1 13.0 10.1 2.9 September 1.3 20.2 16.8 3.4 18.9 15.5 3.4 December -15.1 15.2 11.8 3.4 30.3 24.8 5.5 1996 March -2.6 15.6 12.3 3.3 18.2 14.3 3.9 June 18.6 30.2 24.3 5.9 11.6 9.1 2.5 September -0.8 18.8 15.5 3.3 19.6 16.4 3.2 December -13.8 15.5 11.9 3.6 29.3 24.1 5.2 1997 March -1.2 16.5 13.1 3.4 17.7 13.6 4.1 June 17.3 29.1 23.7 5.4 11.8 9.4 2.4 September -0.2 18.9 15.3 3.6 19.1 15.5 3.6 December -14.6 14.5 11.4 3.1 29.1 23.7 5.4 1998 March -2.5 15.6 12.1 3.5 18.1 14.1 4.0 June 17.1 29.0 22.7 6.3 11.9 9.4 2.5 September -0.6 17.6 14.6 3.0 18.2 15.4 2.8 December -14.2 13.6 11.0 2.6 27.8 23.3 4.5 1999 March -5.4 13.9 11.1 2.8 19.3 15.3 4.0 June 16.1 28.4 23.0 5.4 12.3 9.7 2.6 September -0.7 18.3 15.1 3.2 19.0 15.5 3.5 December -14.0 14.2 10.9 3.3 28.2 23.8 4.4 2000 March -1.4 16.0 13.0 3.0 17.4 13.6 3.8 June 17.4 28.5 23.4 5.1 11.1 8.9 2.2 September -0.8 17.8 14.8 3.0 18.6 15.3 3.3 December -14.4 13.5 10.8 2.7 27.9 23.3 4.6 2001 March -2.4 14.6 11.9 2.7 17.0 13.3 3.7 June 16.8 27.7 23.0 4.7 10.9 8.7 2.2 September -1.6 16.2 13.4 2.8 17.8 14.8 3.0 December -13.9 13.2 10.5 2.7 27.1 23.0 4.1 2002 March -3.3 14.0 11.4 2.6 17.3 13.6 3.7 June 15.4 26.8 22.1 4.7 11.4 9.1 2.3 September -0.9 16.3 13.8 2.5 17.2 14.4 2.8 December -13.4 13.2 10.4 2.8 26.6 22.3 4.3 2003 March -1.8 14.7 12.0 2.7 16.5 12.8 3.7 June 16.6 27.2 22.8 4.4 10.6 8.5 2.1 September -1.9 15.5 13.1 2.4 17.4 14.8 2.6 December -12.4 13.3 10.4 2.9 25.7 22.0 3.7 2004 March -0.6 14.5 12.3 2.2 15.1 12.0 3.1 June 15.3 25.5 22.0 3.5 10.2 8.3 1.9 September -2.1 15.3 13.1 2.2 17.4 14.8 2.6 December -11.0 13.3 10.7 2.6 24.3 21.1 3.2 2005 March -0.2 14.6 12.0 2.6 14.8 11.5 3.3 June 15.1 25.0 21.5 3.5 9.9 8.3 1.6 September -1.0 14.5 12.5 2.0 15.5 13.3 2.2 December -10.6 12.3 10.0 2.3 22.9 19.9 3.0 2006 March -1.2 12.9 10.8 2.1 14.1 11.5 2.6 June 15.6 24.8 21.4 3.4 9.2 7.7 1.5 September -0.5 14.1 12.2 1.9 14.6 12.6 2.0 December -9.6 12.2 10.0 2.2 21.8 19.2 2.6 2007 March -1.8 12.6 10.6 2.0 14.4 11.9 2.5 June 15.0 24.1 21.0 3.1 9.1 7.6 1.5 September -1.6 13.4 11.6 1.8 15.0 12.9 2.1 December -9.0 12.0 9.9 2.1 21.0 18.4 2.6 2008 March -2.2 11.9 10.0 1.9 14.1 11.6 2.5 June 14.4 23.2 20.1 3.1 8.8 7.3 1.5 September 0.2 13.9 12.2 1.7 13.7 12.0 1.7 December -10.7 11.5 9.6 1.9 22.2 19.8 2.4 2009 March -7.8 9.7 8.1 1.6 17.5 15.0 2.5 June 13.4 24.2 20.9 3.3 10.8 9.2 1.6 September -2.6 13.4 11.8 1.6 16.0 14.1 1.9 December -12.2 12.5 10.3 2.2 24.7 21.9 2.8 2010 March -1.7 12.5 10.7 1.8 14.2 11.7 2.5 June 18.4 26.2 22.7 3.5 7.8 6.6 1.2 September -1.0 13.7 12.0 1.7 14.7 12.8 1.9 December -11.1 11.9 9.7 2.2 23.0 20.3 2.7 2011 March -1.6 11.4 9.7 1.7 13.0 10.9 2.1 June 14.9 23.3 20.2 3.1 8.4 6.8 1.6 September 2.4 15.0 13.1 1.9 12.6 11.2 1.4 December -9.2 11.7 9.6 2.1 20.9 18.6 2.3 2012 March -0.6 11.7 10.0 1.7 12.3 10.1 2.2 June 14.0 23.0 20.0 3.0 9.0 7.6 1.4 September -0.8 12.9 11.2 1.7 13.7 12.0 1.7 December -10.8 10.5 8.7 1.8 21.3 18.9 2.4 2013 March -0.7 10.9 9.2 1.7 11.6 9.5 2.1 June 13.7 21.9 19.0 2.9 8.2 7.0 1.2 September -0.9 12.0 10.4 1.6 12.9 11.4 1.5 December -9.9 10.6 8.9 1.7 20.5 18.2 2.3 2014 March -0.2 11.2 9.7 1.5 11.4 9.5 1.9 June 12.7 20.9 18.5 2.4 8.2 6.9 1.3 September 0.9 12.8 11.2 1.6 11.9 10.5 1.4 December -10.2 10.2 8.6 1.6 20.4 18.3 2.1 2015 March -3.4 10.5 9.1 1.4 13.9 12.0 1.9 June 9.6 20.1 17.7 2.4 10.5 9.3 1.2 September -2.5 11.6 10.1 1.5 14.1 12.5 1.6 December -13.1 9.6 8.0 1.6 22.7 20.4 2.3 2016 March -3.4 10.4 8.9 1.5 13.8 11.7 2.1 June 11.5 21.5 19.1 2.4 10.0 8.7 1.3 September -1.1 12.4 10.9 1.5 13.5 11.9 1.6 December -11.7 10.3 8.7 1.6 22.0 19.8 2.2 2017 March 0.9 12.4 10.8 1.6 11.5 9.4 2.1 June 13.5 22.1 19.5 2.6 8.6 7.2 1.4 September -0.2 12.4 10.9 1.5 12.6 11.1 1.5 December -10.4 10.2 8.6 1.6 20.6 18.5 2.1 2018 March -0.5 10.7 9.3 1.4 11.2 9.4 1.8 June 13.9 21.9 19.3 2.6 8.0 6.7 1.3 September -1.2 11.4 10.1 1.3 12.6 11.2 1.4 December -10.4 9.5 8.0 1.5 19.9 18.0 1.9 2019 March -1.7 10.0 8.6 1.4 11.7 9.8 1.9 June 13.2 21.2 18.8 2.4 8.0 6.8 1.2 September -1.3 10.9 9.5 1.4 12.2 10.9 1.3 December -12.0 9.2 7.6 1.6 21.2 19.2 2.0 2020 March -2.4 9.9 8.5 1.4 12.3 10.2 2.1 June 5.1 19.1 16.8 2.3 14.0 12.4 1.6 September -1.9 11.5 9.8 1.7 13.4 11.8 1.6 December -9.8 10.1 8.5 1.6 19.9 18.0 1.9 2021 March -1.1 10.9 9.4 1.5 12.0 9.9 2.1 June 11.9 19.6 17.4 2.2 7.7 6.7 1.0 September 0.3 11.6 10.2 1.4 11.3 9.9 1.4 December -9.1 9.8 8.3 1.5 18.9 17.0 1.9 2022 March -0.6 10.6 9.2 1.4 11.2 9.1 2.1 June 11.7 19.2 17.0 2.2 7.5 6.4 1.1 September 2.2 11.9 10.5 1.4 9.7 8.5 1.2 December -11.7 8.4 7.0 1.4 20.1 18.4 1.7 2023 March -1.7 9.5 8.3 1.2 11.2 9.2 2.0 June 13.9 21.0 18.6 2.4 7.1 5.9 1.2 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels. (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.