Table 8. Private sector establishments by direction of employment change, as a percent of total establishments(1), not seasonally adjusted Performing Arts, Spectator Sports, and Related Industries (Percent) Establishments gaining jobs Establishments losing jobs Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September -0.2 29.9 20.6 9.3 34.5 25.0 9.5 December 6.1 36.6 20.8 15.8 32.2 22.5 9.7 1993 March -9.2 30.4 21.3 9.1 40.4 22.1 18.3 June 4.1 38.0 24.8 13.2 28.6 19.5 9.1 September 0.6 30.8 21.1 9.7 33.4 24.3 9.1 December 7.1 38.1 21.7 16.4 30.6 21.3 9.3 1994 March -8.8 30.2 21.1 9.1 40.3 22.4 17.9 June 3.9 38.1 25.1 13.0 28.7 19.6 9.1 September 0.4 30.7 20.8 9.9 33.5 24.0 9.5 December 6.7 37.6 21.4 16.2 30.8 21.3 9.5 1995 March -7.8 30.7 20.7 10.0 39.3 21.5 17.8 June 3.7 37.2 24.2 13.0 28.3 19.0 9.3 September 0.3 30.3 20.1 10.2 33.3 23.4 9.9 December 6.5 37.7 21.1 16.6 30.5 20.4 10.1 1996 March -8.1 30.7 20.0 10.7 39.8 21.0 18.8 June 3.7 36.6 23.0 13.6 28.4 18.5 9.9 September 0.2 30.0 19.5 10.5 32.5 22.2 10.3 December 7.3 38.6 21.0 17.6 29.9 19.6 10.3 1997 March -8.8 29.9 19.7 10.2 40.1 21.1 19.0 June 4.8 37.2 23.2 14.0 27.4 18.2 9.2 September -1.1 29.8 19.5 10.3 33.5 22.1 11.4 December 7.2 38.3 20.9 17.4 29.4 19.2 10.2 1998 March -9.6 29.2 18.9 10.3 40.4 20.5 19.9 June 5.4 37.0 22.5 14.5 26.7 17.6 9.1 September -0.1 29.6 19.3 10.3 32.5 22.1 10.4 December 7.1 37.7 20.1 17.6 29.4 18.9 10.5 1999 March -9.5 28.9 18.9 10.0 39.6 20.1 19.5 June 3.1 35.7 22.6 13.1 27.7 17.7 10.0 September 0.2 30.2 19.5 10.7 31.8 21.3 10.5 December 8.8 38.5 20.2 18.3 28.4 18.9 9.5 2000 March -9.3 29.9 19.5 10.4 40.0 20.3 19.7 June 4.1 36.0 22.8 13.2 26.6 17.5 9.1 September 1.3 30.5 19.3 11.2 31.1 21.2 9.9 December 8.2 37.4 19.4 18.0 29.0 19.2 9.8 2001 March -10.0 28.6 18.9 9.7 39.4 19.7 19.7 June 3.8 34.5 21.6 12.9 26.9 17.8 9.1 September -1.0 27.3 17.4 9.9 32.9 22.0 10.9 December 9.9 37.3 18.2 19.1 28.0 18.8 9.2 2002 March -10.5 27.0 17.4 9.6 39.3 19.2 20.1 June 3.7 33.4 20.7 12.7 25.7 16.7 9.0 September 0.5 27.8 17.9 9.9 29.4 20.0 9.4 December 9.7 36.9 18.2 18.7 26.6 17.6 9.0 2003 March -11.3 25.6 16.8 8.8 39.2 19.1 20.1 June 3.4 32.9 20.5 12.4 25.2 16.2 9.0 September 0.3 26.6 16.8 9.8 29.8 20.3 9.5 December 10.3 36.7 17.8 18.9 26.0 17.4 8.6 2004 March -10.9 25.3 16.3 9.0 38.1 18.2 19.9 June 3.3 32.0 20.1 11.9 23.9 15.3 8.6 September 0.1 26.1 16.2 9.9 29.2 19.4 9.8 December 10.9 37.0 17.6 19.4 25.1 16.6 8.5 2005 March -10.8 25.5 16.2 9.3 37.6 17.5 20.1 June 3.7 32.1 19.5 12.6 24.3 15.4 8.9 September 0.7 26.9 16.9 10.0 28.2 18.9 9.3 December 11.1 36.6 17.2 19.4 24.9 16.6 8.3 2006 March -10.6 25.9 16.3 9.6 37.1 16.9 20.2 June 3.1 31.4 19.4 12.0 23.9 15.0 8.9 September -0.4 26.0 16.7 9.3 27.9 18.2 9.7 December 11.1 37.3 17.1 20.2 25.7 16.6 9.1 2007 March -11.8 25.5 16.4 9.1 37.9 17.0 20.9 June 2.6 30.4 19.0 11.4 24.1 15.3 8.8 September 0.2 26.0 16.1 9.9 28.1 18.4 9.7 December 12.2 37.1 17.0 20.1 24.0 16.1 7.9 2008 March -13.1 24.3 15.9 8.4 38.5 17.0 21.5 June 2.3 30.4 18.8 11.6 24.6 15.3 9.3 September -0.4 25.1 15.7 9.4 28.7 18.9 9.8 December 11.7 36.4 15.7 20.7 25.7 16.7 9.0 2009 March -15.1 21.8 13.6 8.2 41.6 18.3 23.3 June 1.6 28.8 17.4 11.4 25.6 15.8 9.8 September -2.0 24.2 15.1 9.1 29.7 18.6 11.1 December 12.9 37.5 15.7 21.8 25.0 16.1 8.9 2010 March -14.9 22.7 14.5 8.2 39.9 16.8 23.1 June 3.9 31.0 18.6 12.4 23.4 14.9 8.5 September -0.4 24.8 15.5 9.3 27.7 18.0 9.7 December 12.7 36.7 15.7 21.0 23.8 15.5 8.3 2011 March -11.2 23.4 15.2 8.2 35.2 15.8 19.4 June 0.6 29.2 18.0 11.2 24.8 14.2 10.6 September 0.5 25.9 16.2 9.7 26.9 17.7 9.2 December 11.4 36.0 15.8 20.2 24.2 15.4 8.8 2012 March -13.2 24.8 16.1 8.7 37.5 15.6 21.9 June 3.6 30.2 18.5 11.7 22.7 14.6 8.1 September -0.1 24.5 15.5 9.0 27.0 17.9 9.1 December 12.5 36.2 16.0 20.2 22.9 15.2 7.7 2013 March -14.2 23.5 15.6 7.9 37.7 15.6 22.1 June 2.7 29.2 18.3 10.9 22.9 14.7 8.2 September 0.6 25.3 15.9 9.4 26.2 17.4 8.8 December 13.5 37.6 16.4 21.2 22.8 15.1 7.7 2014 March -15.3 23.4 15.8 7.6 38.5 15.6 22.9 June 2.7 29.5 18.5 11.0 22.7 14.4 8.3 September -1.4 24.2 15.9 8.3 27.0 17.3 9.7 December 12.5 36.6 16.0 20.6 23.2 15.1 8.1 2015 March -15.2 23.4 15.4 8.0 39.2 16.0 23.2 June 2.5 29.8 18.5 11.3 23.1 14.3 8.8 September 0.0 24.9 16.1 8.8 25.8 17.0 8.8 December 13.1 37.5 16.4 21.1 22.9 14.9 8.0 2016 March -16.0 22.7 15.3 7.4 39.0 15.6 23.4 June 2.2 28.8 18.3 10.5 22.8 14.5 8.3 September -0.5 24.1 15.6 8.5 26.2 17.2 9.0 December 12.2 35.5 15.2 20.3 24.0 15.9 8.1 2017 March -14.0 23.7 15.6 8.1 37.2 15.1 22.1 June 2.1 28.1 17.9 10.2 22.7 14.6 8.1 September -1.0 23.3 15.0 8.3 27.1 17.8 9.3 December 13.2 36.5 15.3 21.2 22.9 14.9 8.0 2018 March -16.3 23.2 14.8 8.4 39.2 14.5 24.7 June 2.7 28.3 17.5 10.8 22.2 14.1 8.1 September -0.3 24.2 15.1 9.1 26.0 16.6 9.4 December 16.6 39.8 15.3 24.5 21.8 13.9 7.9 2019 March -17.6 23.0 14.6 8.4 40.3 14.3 26.0 June 2.5 28.2 17.0 11.2 23.0 14.3 8.7 September 1.0 24.7 15.1 9.6 24.6 16.0 8.6 December 18.3 40.7 14.7 26.0 21.3 13.6 7.7 2020 March -22.7 20.3 12.6 7.7 46.6 16.2 30.4 June -4.3 24.1 10.0 14.1 40.3 21.9 18.4 September -2.3 26.3 12.6 13.7 33.1 17.1 16.0 December 20.7 42.8 13.0 29.8 21.6 12.5 9.1 2021 March -14.5 25.9 14.1 11.8 37.9 11.6 26.3 June 5.3 33.9 19.1 14.8 19.4 9.9 9.5 September 3.2 31.2 18.0 13.2 22.5 12.5 10.0 December 19.9 43.4 15.8 27.6 19.5 11.8 7.7 2022 March -16.9 24.0 14.8 9.2 38.9 12.8 26.1 June 4.5 29.9 17.9 12.0 19.7 12.2 7.5 September 0.2 24.2 15.0 9.2 23.4 14.4 9.0 December 16.8 38.1 13.8 24.3 20.4 12.9 7.5 2023 March -17.5 21.2 13.9 7.3 37.7 12.9 24.8 June 1.0 25.9 16.3 9.6 21.2 12.6 8.6 (1) The rates measure establishments gaining or losing jobs as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter total number of establishments. (2) Net change is the difference between the number of opening establishments and the number of closing establishments.