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Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
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Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2021

45-2092 Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse

Manually plant, cultivate, and harvest vegetables, fruits, nuts, horticultural specialties, and field crops. Use hand tools, such as shovels, trowels, hoes, tampers, pruning hooks, shears, and knives. Duties may include tilling soil and applying fertilizers; transplanting, weeding, thinning, or pruning crops; applying pesticides; or cleaning, grading, sorting, packing, and loading harvested products. May construct trellises, repair fences and farm buildings, or participate in irrigation activities. Excludes “Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation” (37-3012), “Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products” (45-2041), and “Forest, Conservation, and Logging Workers” (45-4011 through 45-4029).

National estimates for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse
Industry profile for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse
Geographic profile for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse

National estimates for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Employment (1) Employment
RSE (3) 		Mean hourly
wage		 Mean annual
wage (2) 		Wage RSE (3)
277,200 1.0 % $ 15.11 $ 31,440 0.7 %

Percentile wage estimates for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Percentile 10% 25% 50%
(Median) 		75% 90%
Hourly Wage $ 13.57 $ 14.00 $ 14.25 $ 15.06 $ 17.92
Annual Wage (2) $ 28,230 $ 29,120 $ 29,630 $ 31,320 $ 37,280

Industry profile for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Industries with the highest published employment and wages for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse are provided. For a list of all industries with employment in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse, see the Create Customized Tables function.

Industries with the highest levels of employment in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Industry Employment (1) Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Support Activities for Crop Production 210,000 62.58 $ 14.98 $ 31,150
Lawn and Garden Equipment and Supplies Stores 14,630 8.04 $ 14.66 $ 30,500
Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods (4241, 4247, and 4249 only) 14,350 2.74 $ 14.96 $ 31,110
Beverage Manufacturing 5,870 2.09 $ 17.09 $ 35,550
Employment Services 4,790 0.14 $ 14.96 $ 31,110

Industries with the highest concentration of employment in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Industry Employment (1) Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Support Activities for Crop Production 210,000 62.58 $ 14.98 $ 31,150
Lawn and Garden Equipment and Supplies Stores 14,630 8.04 $ 14.66 $ 30,500
Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods (4241, 4247, and 4249 only) 14,350 2.74 $ 14.96 $ 31,110
Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers 1,520 2.23 $ 16.75 $ 34,830
Beverage Manufacturing 5,870 2.09 $ 17.09 $ 35,550

Top paying industries for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Industry Employment (1) Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Elementary and Secondary Schools 70 (7) $ 22.21 $ 46,190
Residential Building Construction (8) (8) $ 20.42 $ 42,470
Grain and Oilseed Milling 180 0.28 $ 19.97 $ 41,550
Water, Sewage and Other Systems 100 0.19 $ 19.88 $ 41,350
Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools 640 0.02 $ 19.66 $ 40,900

Geographic profile for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse are provided. For a list of all areas with employment in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse, see the Create Customized Tables function.



Map of employment of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by state, May 2021


States with the highest employment level in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

State Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
California 186,600 11.29 5.74 $ 15.28 $ 31,770
Washington 9,570 2.99 1.52 $ 15.92 $ 33,120
Florida 9,080 1.05 0.54 $ 12.66 $ 26,320
Arizona 8,590 2.98 1.52 $ 14.76 $ 30,700
Oregon 6,880 3.77 1.91 $ 14.84 $ 30,870


Map of location quotient of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by state, May 2021


States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

State Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
California 186,600 11.29 5.74 $ 15.28 $ 31,770
Oregon 6,880 3.77 1.91 $ 14.84 $ 30,870
Idaho 2,320 3.06 1.56 $ 14.30 $ 29,740
Washington 9,570 2.99 1.52 $ 15.92 $ 33,120
Arizona 8,590 2.98 1.52 $ 14.76 $ 30,700


Map of annual mean wages of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by state, May 2021


Top paying states for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

State Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
District of Columbia (8) (8) (8) $ 21.17 $ 44,040
Hawaii 850 1.55 0.79 $ 18.12 $ 37,700
North Dakota 160 0.41 0.21 $ 17.62 $ 36,640
Massachusetts 1,040 0.31 0.16 $ 17.53 $ 36,470
Vermont 310 1.08 0.55 $ 17.46 $ 36,320



Map of employment of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by area, May 2021


Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Metropolitan area Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Bakersfield, CA 42,880 138.05 70.16 $ 14.45 $ 30,050
Salinas, CA 28,690 169.67 86.24 $ 16.13 $ 33,550
Fresno, CA 19,910 53.08 26.98 $ 14.83 $ 30,840
Visalia-Porterville, CA 19,080 127.57 64.84 $ 14.78 $ 30,730
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA 9,990 51.41 26.13 $ 15.55 $ 32,340
Madera, CA 6,710 140.42 71.37 $ 14.53 $ 30,220
Stockton-Lodi, CA 5,720 22.30 11.33 $ 15.56 $ 32,370
Modesto, CA 5,580 30.85 15.68 $ 14.85 $ 30,880
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 5,460 3.57 1.81 $ 15.09 $ 31,380
El Centro, CA 5,050 86.05 43.74 $ 14.68 $ 30,530


Map of location quotient of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by area, May 2021


Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Metropolitan area Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Salinas, CA 28,690 169.67 86.24 $ 16.13 $ 33,550
Madera, CA 6,710 140.42 71.37 $ 14.53 $ 30,220
Bakersfield, CA 42,880 138.05 70.16 $ 14.45 $ 30,050
Visalia-Porterville, CA 19,080 127.57 64.84 $ 14.78 $ 30,730
El Centro, CA 5,050 86.05 43.74 $ 14.68 $ 30,530
Merced, CA 4,990 69.40 35.27 $ 14.83 $ 30,840
Hanford-Corcoran, CA 2,510 58.76 29.87 $ 15.14 $ 31,500
Fresno, CA 19,910 53.08 26.98 $ 14.83 $ 30,840
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA 9,990 51.41 26.13 $ 15.55 $ 32,340
Napa, CA 2,870 41.61 21.15 $ 18.54 $ 38,560