Table 2000. Education of reference person: Shares of average annual expenditures and sources of income, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 1997 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Less than college graduate | College graduate | | | _____________________________________________ _______________________________ | | | | | | | | | | All | | | | High | | | | Item |consumer| | Less | | school | | | | Master's, | units | | than | High |graduate|Associate| |Bachelor's| profes- | | Total | high | school | with | degree | Total | degree | sional, | | | school |graduate| some | | | | doctorate | | |graduate| |college | | | | | | | | | 1/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | Number of consumer units (in thousands).|105,576 | 79,713 | 18,920 | 30,782 | 21,587 | 8,423 | 25,863 | 16,808 | 9,055 | | | | | | | | | Consumer unit characteristics: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Income before taxes 2/................|$39,926 |$32,380 |$21,413 |$33,461 |$36,397 | $43,090 |$62,721 | $57,308 | $72,744 Income after taxes 2/.................| 36,684 | 30,156 | 20,484 | 31,411 | 33,324 | 39,468 | 56,408 | 51,736 | 65,058 Age of reference person...............| 47.7 | 48.5 | 56.4 | 48.7 | 43.1 | 44.1 | 45.3 | 44.3 | 47.3 | | | | | | | | | Average number in consumer unit: | | | | | | | | | Persons.............................| 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.5 Children under 18...................| .7 | .7 | .7 | .7 | .6 | .7 | .6 | .7 | .6 Persons 65 and over.................| .3 | .3 | .5 | .3 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 Earners.............................| 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 Vehicles............................| 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | | | | | | | | | Percent distribution: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sex of reference person: | | | | | | | | | Male..............................| 59 | 57 | 52 | 59 | 57 | 59 | 65 | 64 | 66 Female............................| 41 | 43 | 48 | 41 | 43 | 41 | 35 | 36 | 34 | | | | | | | | | Housing tenure: | | | | | | | | | Homeowner.........................| 64 | 61 | 59 | 65 | 57 | 67 | 71 | 69 | 73 With mortgage...................| 38 | 34 | 23 | 34 | 38 | 47 | 51 | 49 | 54 Without mortgage................| 26 | 28 | 36 | 31 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 19 Renter............................| 36 | 39 | 41 | 35 | 43 | 33 | 29 | 31 | 27 | | | | | | | | | Race of reference person: | | | | | | | | | Black.............................| 12 | 14 | 17 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 6 | 7 | 5 White and other...................| 88 | 86 | 83 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 94 | 93 | 95 | | | | | | | | | Education of reference person: | | | | | | | | | Elementary (1-8)..................| 7 | 10 | 41 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. High school (9-12)................| 39 | 52 | 57 | 100 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. College...........................| 53 | 38 | n.a. | n.a. | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 Never attended and other..........| (3) | (3) | 1 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | | | | | | | | | At least one vehicle owned or | | | | | | | | | leased.............................| 87 | 85 | 75 | 86 | 88 | 93 | 94 | 94 | 95 | | | | | | | | | Average annual expenditures.............|$34,819 |$29,693 |$22,026 |$29,726 |$33,599 | $36,587 |$50,324 | $46,678 | $56,931 | | | | | | | | | Food..................................| 13.8 | 14.5 | 17.0 | 14.8 | 13.3 | 12.9 | 12.3 | 11.9 | 12.8 Food at home........................| 8.3 | 9.3 | 12.6 | 9.5 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.3 Cereals and bakery products.......| 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 Cereals and cereal products.....| .5 | .5 | .7 | .5 | .4 | .4 | .4 | .4 | .4 Bakery products.................| .8 | .9 | 1.2 | 1.0 | .8 | .8 | .7 | .7 | .6 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs....| 2.1 | 2.5 | 3.8 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 Beef............................| .6 | .8 | 1.1 | .8 | .6 | .6 | .4 | .4 | .4 Pork............................| .5 | .6 | .9 | .6 | .4 | .4 | .3 | .3 | .3 Other meats.....................| .3 | .3 | .5 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .2 | .2 | .2 Poultry.........................| .4 | .5 | .7 | .5 | .4 | .4 | .3 | .3 | .3 Fish and seafood................| .3 | .3 | .4 | .3 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 Eggs............................| .1 | .1 | .2 | .1 | .1 | .1 | .1 | .1 | .1 | | | | | | | | | Dairy products....................| .9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.0 | .9 | .8 | .7 | .7 | .7 Fresh milk and cream............| .4 | .4 | .6 | .4 | .3 | .4 | .3 | .3 | .3 Other dairy products............| .5 | .6 | .7 | .6 | .5 | .5 | .5 | .4 | .5 Fruits and vegetables.............| 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 Fresh fruits....................| .4 | .5 | .6 | .5 | .4 | .4 | .4 | .4 | .4 Fresh vegetables................| .4 | .4 | .6 | .4 | .4 | .4 | .4 | .3 | .4 Processed fruits................| .3 | .3 | .4 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 Processed vegetables............| .2 | .3 | .4 | .3 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | | | | | | | | | Other food at home................| 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.9 Sugar and other sweets..........| .3 | .4 | .5 | .4 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .2 Fats and oils...................| .2 | .3 | .4 | .3 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 Miscellaneous foods.............| 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .9 | 1.0 | .9 Nonalcoholic beverages..........| .7 | .8 | 1.1 | .8 | .7 | .7 | .5 | .5 | .5 Food prepared by consumer unit | | | | | | | | | on out-of-town trips...........| .1 | .1 | .1 | .1 | .1 | .1 | .2 | .2 | .2 Food away from home.................| 5.5 | 5.2 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 6.6 | | | | | | | | | Alcoholic beverages...................| .9 | .8 | .7 | .8 | .9 | .8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .9 | | | | | | | | | Housing...............................| 32.4 | 32.4 | 32.9 | 32.0 | 32.7 | 32.8 | 32.3 | 32.7 | 31.9 Shelter.............................| 18.2 | 17.8 | 17.4 | 17.3 | 18.4 | 18.7 | 19.1 | 19.1 | 19.0 | | | | | | | | | Owned dwellings...................| 11.3 | 10.4 | 8.6 | 10.3 | 10.8 | 12.2 | 13.0 | 12.9 | 13.1 Mortgage interest and charges...| 6.4 | 5.7 | 4.0 | 5.3 | 6.3 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.8 Property taxes..................| 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 Maintenance, repairs, | | | | | | | | | insurance, other expenses......| 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 Rented dwellings..................| 5.7 | 6.5 | 8.3 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 3.8 Other lodging.....................| 1.2 | .9 | .5 | .9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 2.1 Utilities, fuels, and public | | | | | | | | | services...........................| 6.9 | 7.7 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.2 Natural gas.......................| .9 | .9 | 1.2 | 1.0 | .8 | .9 | .7 | .8 | .7 Electricity.......................| 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 Fuel oil and other fuels..........| .3 | .4 | .5 | .4 | .3 | .3 | .2 | .2 | .2 Telephone services................| 2.3 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 Water and other public services...| .8 | .9 | 1.1 | .9 | .8 | .9 | .7 | .7 | .7 Household operations................| 1.6 | 1.3 | .9 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 Personal services.................| .8 | .7 | .4 | .7 | .7 | .9 | .9 | 1.0 | .7 Other household expenses..........| .8 | .6 | .5 | .6 | .7 | .8 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.3 | | | | | | | | | Housekeeping supplies...............| 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 Laundry and cleaning supplies.....| .3 | .4 | .5 | .4 | .3 | .4 | .2 | .3 | .2 Other household products..........| .6 | .6 | .6 | .6 | .6 | .6 | .6 | .6 | .5 Postage and stationery............| .4 | .4 | .3 | .4 | .4 | .3 | .4 | .4 | .3 Household furnishings and equipment.| 4.3 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.6 Household textiles................| .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .3 | .2 | .3 Furniture.........................| 1.1 | 1.1 | .9 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 Floor coverings...................| .2 | .2 | .1 | .3 | .3 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 Major appliances..................| .5 | .5 | .6 | .5 | .5 | .5 | .4 | .4 | .4 Small appliances, miscellaneous | | | | | | | | | housewares.......................| .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .2 | .3 | .3 | .3 Miscellaneous household equipment.| 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | | | | | | | | | Apparel and services..................| 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.1 Men and boys........................| 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 Men, 16 and over..................| .9 | .9 | .9 | .9 | .9 | .8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .9 Boys, 2 to 15.....................| .2 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 Women and girls.....................| 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 Women, 16 and over................| 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | | | | | | | | | Girls, 2 to 15....................| 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 Children under 2....................| .2 | .2 | .2 | .3 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .1 Footwear............................| .9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .9 | 1.0 | .9 | .8 | .8 | .8 Other apparel products and services.| .7 | .6 | .6 | .6 | .7 | .4 | .9 | .8 | 1.0 | | | | | | | | | Transportation........................| 18.5 | 19.3 | 18.8 | 19.4 | 19.4 | 19.6 | 17.2 | 17.9 | 16.1 Vehicle purchases (net outlay)......| 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 6.8 | 7.5 | 5.9 Cars and trucks, new..............| 3.5 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 3.3 Cars and trucks, used.............| 4.2 | 4.9 | 7.1 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 2.4 Other vehicles....................| .1 | .1 | (4) | .1 | (4) | .4 | .1 | 5/.1 | 5/.2 Gasoline and motor oil..............| 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.3 Other vehicle expenses..............| 6.4 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.1 Vehicle finance charges...........| .8 | 1.0 | .9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .6 | .7 | .5 Maintenance and repairs...........| 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 Vehicle insurance.................| 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, | | | | | | | | | other charges....................| 1.4 | 1.3 | .8 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 Public transportation...............| 1.1 | .9 | .8 | .8 | .9 | .9 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.8 | | | | | | | | | Health care...........................| 5.3 | 5.6 | 7.2 | 5.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 Health insurance....................| 2.5 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 Medical services....................| 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.6 Drugs...............................| .9 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 1.1 | .8 | .7 | .7 | .7 | .6 Medical supplies....................| .3 | .3 | .4 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | | | | | | | | | Entertainment.........................| 5.2 | 5.0 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.7 Fees and admissions.................| 1.4 | 1.0 | .5 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 Television, radios, sound equipment.| 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 Pets, toys, and playground | | | | | | | | | equipment..........................| .9 | 1.0 | .8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .9 | .9 | .9 | .9 Other entertainment supplies, | | | | | | | | | equipment, and services............| 1.3 | 1.2 | .8 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.5 | | | | | | | | | Personal care products and services...| 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.2 | | | | | | | | | Reading...............................| .5 | .4 | .3 | .4 | .5 | .4 | .6 | .5 | .7 | | | | | | | | | Education.............................| 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.7 | | | | | | | | | Tobacco products and smoking supplies.| .8 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.1 | .8 | .8 | .3 | .3 | .2 | | | | | | | | | Miscellaneous.........................| 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | | | | | | | | | Cash contributions....................| 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | | | | | | | | | Personal insurance and pensions.......| 9.3 | 8.2 | 6.0 | 8.2 | 8.9 | 9.7 | 11.2 | 11.0 | 11.7 Life and other personal insurance...| 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 Pensions and Social Security........| 8.2 | 7.1 | 4.9 | 7.1 | 7.8 | 8.7 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 10.6 | | | | | | | | | Sources of income and personal taxes: 2/| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Money income before taxes.............|$39,926 |$32,380 |$21,413 |$33,461 |$36,397 | $43,090 |$62,721 | $57,308 | $72,744 Wages and salaries..................| 78.9 | 76.2 | 60.4 | 76.5 | 79.3 | 86.3 | 83.2 | 84.1 | 81.7 Self-employment income..............| 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 2.1 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 6.6 Social Security, private and | | | | | | | | | government retirement..............| 11.3 | 14.0 | 26.9 | 13.9 | 10.5 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 7.4 Interest, dividends, rental income, | | | | | | | | | other property income..............| 2.1 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.9 Unemployment and workers' | | | | | | | | | compensation, veterans' benefits...| .5 | .7 | 1.2 | .7 | .5 | .7 | .2 | .3 | .1 Public assistance, supplemental | | | | | | | | | security income, food stamps.......| 1.0 | 1.5 | 4.4 | 1.3 | .7 | .8 | .1 | .1 | .1 Regular contributions for support...| .7 | .8 | .4 | .7 | 1.2 | .7 | .6 | .6 | .7 Other income........................| .5 | .6 | .7 | .4 | .8 | .4 | .5 | .6 | .4 | | | | | | | | | Personal taxes........................| 8.1 | 6.9 | 4.3 | 6.1 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 10.1 | 9.7 | 10.6 Federal income taxes................| 6.2 | 5.1 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 8.2 State and local income taxes........| 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 Other taxes.........................| .3 | .3 | .3 | .4 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | .3 | | | | | | | | | Income after taxes....................| 91.9 | 93.1 | 95.7 | 93.9 | 91.6 | 91.6 | 89.9 | 90.3 | 89.4 | | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1/ Beginning in 1996, this column does not include reference persons with Associate degrees 2/ Components of income and taxes are derived from "complete income reporters" only; see glossary. 3/ Value less than 0.5. 4/ Value less than 0.05. 5/ Data are likely to have large sampling errors. n.a. Not applicable.