Table 1. Quintiles of income before taxes: Average annual expenditures and characteristics, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 1998 Complete reporting of income All Incomplete Item consumer reporting units Total Lowest Second Third Fourth Highest of complete 20 20 20 20 20 income reporting percent percent percent percent percent ______________________________________________________________________________ Number of consumer units (in thousands)...... 107,182 84,115 16,782 16,838 16,820 16,816 16,860 23,067 Lower limit.................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. $12,367 $23,979 $39,049 $63,559 n.a. Income before taxes a/ ...................... $41,622 $41,622 $7,170 $17,962 $30,981 $50,205 $101,602 a/ Income after taxes a/ ....................... 38,358 38,358 7,049 17,406 29,265 46,294 91,606 a/ Age of the reference person.................. 47.6 47.7 50.6 52.5 46.0 43.8 45.5 47.6 Average number in consumer unit: Persons..................................... 2.5 2.5 1.7 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.1 2.6 Children under 18........................... .7 .7 .4 .6 .7 .8 .9 .7 Persons 65 and over......................... .3 .3 .4 .6 .3 .2 .1 .3 Earners..................................... 1.3 1.3 .7 .9 1.3 1.7 2.1 1.3 Vehicles.................................... 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.4 2.9 1.9 Percent distribution: Male........................................ 58 58 38 51 61 67 73 58 Female...................................... 42 42 62 49 39 33 27 42 Homeowner................................... 64 64 39 55 62 74 89 66 With mortgage.............................. 39 39 11 19 35 56 73 38 Without mortgage........................... 26 25 29 36 27 18 16 28 Renter...................................... 36 36 61 45 38 26 11 34 Black....................................... 12 11 16 12 11 8 5 17 White and other............................. 88 89 84 88 89 92 95 83 Elementary (1-8)............................ 7 7 15 11 6 2 1 6 High school (9-12).......................... 39 38 47 49 42 32 21 41 College..................................... 54 55 36 40 53 66 79 53 Never attended and other.................... b/ b/ 1 b/ b/ b/ b/ b/ At least one vehicle owned or leased........ 87 87 62 86 94 97 98 85 Average annual expenditures.................. $35,535 $37,260 $16,630 $23,709 $31,400 $43,811 $70,648 $29,687 Food........................................ 4,810 5,011 2,736 3,564 4,550 5,866 8,332 4,252 Food at home............................. 2,780 2,868 1,772 2,310 2,709 3,289 4,260 2,538 Cereals and bakery products............ 425 437 274 363 403 499 648 391 Cereals and cereal products.......... 146 151 102 128 134 176 214 134 Bakery products...................... 278 287 173 235 269 323 433 257 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs......... 723 734 468 588 716 831 1,065 695 Beef................................. 218 219 124 164 228 251 326 218 Pork................................. 146 149 106 134 149 160 194 139 Other meats.......................... 92 94 61 77 89 111 132 87 Poultry.............................. 137 140 90 105 137 158 211 128 Fish and seafood..................... 98 100 62 76 82 115 164 93 Eggs................................. 32 33 27 33 32 36 39 30 Dairy products............................ 301 314 205 257 288 369 451 268 Fresh milk and cream................. 120 124 92 104 116 145 165 109 Other dairy products................. 181 189 113 152 172 224 286 159 Fruits and vegetables.................. 472 486 295 410 459 528 739 433 Fresh fruits......................... 149 154 92 134 145 165 233 136 Fresh vegetables..................... 145 150 95 127 141 156 232 131 Processed fruits..................... 101 104 62 83 94 116 166 94 Processed vegetables................. 76 78 46 66 79 91 108 72 Other food at home..................... 858 897 530 692 842 1,062 1,358 750 Sugar and other sweets............... 109 114 71 93 103 139 162 97 Fats and oils........................ 77 78 52 66 75 94 104 73 Miscellaneous foods.................. 388 408 234 307 382 487 626 335 Nonalcoholic beverages............... 231 241 154 192 230 279 349 203 Food prepared by consumer unit on out-of-town trips....................... 53 57 18 34 52 63 116 41 Food away from home...................... 2,030 2,143 964 1,254 1,842 2,578 4,072 1,714 Alcoholic beverages......................... 309 336 169 221 278 380 630 235 Housing..................................... 11,713 11,841 6,168 8,183 10,304 13,184 21,336 11,313 Shelter.................................. 6,680 6,707 3,474 4,663 5,703 7,430 12,247 6,583 Owned dwellings........................ 4,245 4,242 1,268 2,015 3,020 5,029 9,858 4,258 Mortgage interest and charges........ 2,455 2,466 462 742 1,613 3,167 6,333 2,415 Property taxes....................... 1,015 989 399 647 729 1,053 2,114 1,111 Maintenance, repairs, insurance,other expenses............................ 775 786 407 627 677 809 1,410 732 Rented dwellings....................... 1,978 2,008 2,031 2,429 2,429 1,960 1,193 1,867 Other lodging.......................... 458 457 174 220 254 440 1,197 459 Utilities, fuels, and public services...... 2,405 2,381 1,527 1,986 2,310 2,684 3,395 2,491 Natural gas............................ 284 278 181 241 259 298 411 305 Electricity............................ 921 904 614 784 892 1,012 1,215 985 Fuel oil and other fuels............... 85 89 56 79 91 102 117 71 Telephone services..................... 830 826 527 661 801 947 1,194 841 Water and other public services........ 285 284 149 221 266 325 459 288 Household operations..................... 546 569 239 277 387 603 1,338 462 Personal services...................... 260 270 112 119 170 327 619 222 Other household expenses............... 286 299 127 158 216 276 718 240 Housekeeping supplies...................... 482 492 239 335 431 609 843 455 Laundry and cleaning supplies.......... 118 123 67 96 109 156 188 102 Other household products............... 232 221 108 152 185 275 384 263 Postage and stationery................. 132 147 64 86 138 178 271 90 Household furnishings and equipment...... 1,601 1,692 689 921 1,473 1,859 3,512 1,321 Household textiles..................... 105 116 64 73 75 123 244 76 Furniture.............................. 377 387 111 249 313 392 868 343 Floor coverings........................ 144 157 95 66 152 90 381 112 Major appliances....................... 164 172 83 145 169 197 267 141 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares............................ 80 87 32 50 74 106 175 58 Miscellaneous household equipment...... 729 773 304 339 690 951 1,578 591 Apparel and services........................ 1,674 1,749 842 939 1,649 2,030 3,280 1,466 Men and boys............................. 399 412 128 192 364 495 878 368 Men, 16 and over....................... 314 324 92 147 268 392 722 289 Boys, 2 to 15.......................... 85 87 36 45 96 103 156 78 Women and girls.......................... 651 682 394 362 618 797 1,239 569 Women, 16 and over..................... 548 575 351 295 521 667 1,040 476 Girls, 2 to 15......................... 103 107 43 67 97 130 199 94 Children under 2......................... 73 80 33 55 97 97 118 53 Footwear................................. 281 292 150 176 337 363 436 250 Other apparel products and services...... 270 282 139 153 233 277 609 226 Transportation.............................. 6,616 6,785 2,527 4,633 5,699 8,553 12,493 6,006 Vehicle purchases (net outlay)........... 2,964 3,043 1,058 2,297 2,286 3,935 5,630 2,677 Cars and trucks, new................... 1,383 1,383 324 806 746 1,637 3,393 1,385 Cars and trucks, used.................. 1,532 1,607 731 1,434 1,515 2,208 2,144 1,261 Other vehicles......................... 49 54 c/ 3 c/ 56 c/ 24 91 93 c/ 32 Gasoline and motor oil................... 1,017 1,030 500 740 1,003 1,311 1,595 968 Other vehicle expenses................... 2,206 2,285 779 1,395 2,065 2,912 4,265 1,927 Vehicle finance charges................ 319 329 80 154 313 504 591 285 Maintenance and repairs................ 641 674 294 457 670 821 1,126 529 Vehicle insurance...................... 739 766 292 546 728 975 1,287 639 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, other charges.................................. 507 516 113 237 353 613 1,261 474 Public transportation.................... 429 427 190 202 346 395 1,003 435 Health care................................. 1,903 1,973 1,220 1,971 1,771 2,086 2,815 1,660 Health insurance......................... 913 926 574 972 905 968 1,212 865 Medical services......................... 542 569 304 443 434 646 1,015 445 Drugs.................................... 346 367 288 451 338 349 406 281 Medical supplies......................... 102 112 54 105 94 123 182 69 Entertainment............................... 1,746 1,824 765 936 1,376 2,197 3,840 1,507 Fees and admissions...................... 449 469 160 200 322 523 1,137 380 Television, radios, sound equipment...... 535 575 301 390 537 693 951 412 Pets, toys, and playground equipment..... 329 352 124 199 309 432 694 262 Other entertainment supplies, equipment,and services.................. 433 428 180 147 208 548 1,058 454 Personal care products and services......... 401 437 281 291 363 506 743 303 Reading..................................... 161 170 75 114 144 188 327 129 Education................................... 580 580 394 284 400 567 1,252 582 Tobacco products and smoking supplies....... 273 279 217 259 307 331 282 250 Miscellaneous............................... 860 920 460 601 905 1,116 1,517 647 Cash contributions.......................... 1,109 1,238 366 640 988 1,393 2,799 640 Personal insurance and pensions............. 3,381 4,117 410 1,073 2,665 5,412 11,003 697 Life and other personal insurance........ 398 407 140 219 295 499 881 366 Pensions and Social Security............. 2,982 3,710 269 854 2,370 4,913 10,122 330 Sources of income and personal taxes: a/ Money income before taxes................ 41,622 41,622 7,170 17,962 30,981 50,205 101,602 a/ Wages and salaries....................... 32,889 32,889 2,478 9,158 22,847 42,376 87,417 a/ Self-employment income................... 2,239 2,239 -161 558 1,077 2,529 7,178 a/ Social Security, private and government retirement................... 4,618 4,618 3,531 6,838 5,505 3,713 3,504 a/ Interest, dividends, rental income, other property income................... 871 871 90 303 651 771 2,536 a/ Unemployment and workers'' compensation, veterans'' benefits..................... 193 193 80 179 239 241 226 a/ Public assistance, supplemental security, income, food stamps..................... 330 330 776 501 178 145 54 a/ Regular contributions for support........ 260 260 170 248 294 289 296 a/ Other income............................. 221 221 206 176 191 141 391 a/ Personal taxes.............................. 3,264 3,264 120 555 1,716 3,911 9,995 a/ Federal income taxes..................... 2,472 2,472 48 323 1,209 2,973 7,791 a/ State and local income taxes............. 630 630 16 115 381 780 1,854 a/ Other taxes.............................. 162 162 56 118 127 159 350 a/ Income after taxes.......................... 38,358 38,358 7,049 17,406 29,265 46,294 91,606 a/ Net change in total assets and liabilities... -1,919 -2,359 596 660 -546 -3,447 -9,037 -313 Net change in total assets............... 6,116 6,225 2,427 2,888 4,280 7,113 14,390 5,720 Net change in total liabilities.......... 8,035 8,583 1,831 2,229 4,826 10,561 23,427 6,033 Other financial information: Other money receipts....................... 463 551 346 205 381 743 1,076 142 Mortgage principal paid on owned property................................ -1,160 -1,184 -254 -356 -701 -1,317 -3,284 -1,072 Estimated market value of owned home..... 80,523 79,004 36,513 48,885 60,383 83,331 165,642 86,061 Estimated monthly rental value of owned home.............................. 570 564 246 377 445 621 1,126 596 Gifts of goods and services................. 1,068 1,097 466 533 843 1,201 2,440 977 Food..................................... 84 84 16 36 39 86 245 85 Housing.................................. 314 318 167 165 217 374 668 300 Housekeeping supplies.................. 41 46 17 30 35 60 89 28 Household textiles..................... 16 18 8 6 13 20 44 10 Appliances and miscellaneous housewares............................... 30 32 10 16 29 37 67 23 Major appliances..................... 7 8 c/ 2 3 11 11 13 5 Small appliances and miscellaneous housewares........................... 22 24 7 13 17 26 55 18 Miscellaneous household equipment...... 71 76 30 27 47 108 167 55 Other housing.......................... 156 146 103 85 92 150 300 185 Apparel and services..................... 225 235 120 124 227 272 431 194 Males, 2 and over...................... 60 63 31 28 65 70 120 52 Females, 2 and over.................... 80 80 26 43 60 87 183 79 Children under 2....................... 32 35 9 23 44 38 58 27 Other apparel products and services.... 52 57 54 30 57 77 71 36 Jewelry and watches.................. 25 28 30 15 25 36 35 15 All other apparel products and services............................ 27 29 24 14 31 41 36 21 Transportation........................... 49 51 14 23 54 53 111 43 Health care.............................. 38 42 37 38 40 33 60 23 Entertainment............................ 85 90 33 46 72 108 191 67 Toys, games, hobbies, and tricycles.... 30 32 14 20 34 38 56 21 Other entertainment.................... 55 58 19 27 38 70 135 46 Education................................ 154 147 37 36 51 140 473 180 All other gifts.......................... 119 129 42 64 144 135 260 84 ____________________________________________________ a/ Components of income and taxes are derived from "complete income reporters" only; see glossary. b/ Value less than 0.5. c/ Data are likely to have large sampling errors. n.a. Not applicable.