HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING 30 COUNTRIES OR AREAS 40 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, SELECTED YEARS, 1975-2002 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (US SIC 31) IMPORTANT NOTE: DATA IN THE FOLLOWING TABLES ARE SUBJECT TO LIMITATIONS THAT ARE DESCRIBED IN THE INTRODUCTION AND IN THE COUNTRY NOTES. THE INTRODUCTION AND COUNTRY NOTES CAN BE ACCESSED AT: ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ForeignLabor/indnotes.txt. General Notes: The measures for total manufacturing were published in news release USDL 03-507, "International Comparisons of Hourly Compensation Costs for Production Workers in Manufacturing, 2002," September 26, 2003. The measures for individual manufacturing industries are less reliable than the total manufacturing data because there are more technical limitations associated with them. For more information about limitations, see the Technical Notes and Country Notes. The measures in these tables are shown according to the U.S. 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) for every U.S. two-digit level industry and selected three-digit industries. Data are also shown for two-digit level International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Rev. 2 industry groups. Currently, data are unavailable for the latest years for several countries in which there have been recent changes in wage surveys or in industrial classification. Additional revisions to this database will be made on an SIC basis. In the future, this database will be converted to a NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) basis. Note: Hourly compensation costs in national currency for countries that are members of the European Monetary Union (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain) are expressed in the national currency used in each country prior to the implementation of the euro for 1975-1998, and in euros for 1999-2002. More information about national currency units and exchange rates used in these tables is on page 136. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Prepared By: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Productivity And Technology, May 18, 2004. HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 20 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (US SIC 31) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 26 24 21 12 13 10 .. CANADA.................. .. .. 88 107 91 86 85 93 87 77 72 71 66 68 MEXICO.................. .. .. .. .. 20 18 10 10 11 10 12 12 15 16 ISRAEL.................. 46 46 36 71 64 66 75 80 81 76 74 77 72 64 JAPAN................... 61 72 61 112 140 146 156 124 116 107 122 111 96 95 KOREA................... 8 14 12 30 39 40 43 49 46 31 38 40 38 46 TAIWAN.................. 7 14 17 35 41 41 43 42 39 32 33 32 30 31 AUSTRIA................. 85 106 66 134 127 128 151 139 121 115 107 90 88 96 BELGIUM................. 136 176 93 166 164 171 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 131 158 91 166 158 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 89 107 79 163 111 #113 #147 133 119 110 109 93 91 97 FRANCE.................. 92 124 80 136 129 127 141 131 117 112 108 94 93 102 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 112 148 88 164 162 164 189 179 153 145 137 120 118 128 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 138 131 114 113 122 IRELAND................. 69 85 65 98 87 84 90 85 82 75 74 65 68 74 ITALY................... 87 114 79 153 122 117 118 123 112 104 98 82 79 86 NORWAY.................. .. 154 101 185 155 155 174 170 156 149 147 127 130 152 SPAIN (1)............... .. .. .. 93 83 76 83 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SWEDEN.................. 162 192 111 194 143 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SWITZERLAND............. 119 156 103 185 172 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. UNITED KINGDOM.......... 76 117 67 116 102 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Including rubber & plastics footwear. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 21 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (US SIC 31) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 3.91 5.79 7.64 9.10 10.27 10.74 10.87 11.37 11.77 12.36 12.74 13.41 13.66 13.69 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.97 2.87 2.64 1.53 1.73 1.43 .. CANADA.................. .. .. 6.76 9.78 9.32 9.21 9.28 10.57 10.18 9.53 9.23 9.59 8.96 9.28 MEXICO.................. .. .. .. .. 2.03 1.99 1.09 1.09 1.24 1.23 1.47 1.67 2.02 2.17 ISRAEL.................. 1.78 2.64 2.74 6.46 6.55 7.09 8.20 9.05 9.58 9.35 9.45 10.31 9.80 8.77 JAPAN................... 2.38 4.14 4.69 10.20 14.40 15.71 16.96 14.11 13.64 13.19 15.56 14.91 13.05 12.99 KOREA................... 0.30 0.79 0.95 2.72 3.99 4.31 4.71 5.54 5.36 3.87 4.79 5.30 5.26 6.26 TAIWAN.................. 0.27 0.82 1.28 3.18 4.20 4.45 4.67 4.76 4.54 3.98 4.15 4.27 4.15 4.26 AUSTRIA................. 3.31 6.16 5.03 12.19 13.00 13.74 16.36 15.83 14.19 14.22 13.58 12.05 11.96 13.13 BELGIUM................. 5.31 10.21 7.14 15.12 16.89 18.33 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 5.12 9.14 6.97 15.15 16.27 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 3.48 6.17 6.05 14.85 11.43 #12.09 #15.96 15.08 13.97 13.62 13.84 12.48 12.50 13.33 FRANCE.................. 3.59 7.16 6.14 12.35 13.20 13.68 15.30 14.95 13.72 13.90 13.75 12.66 12.68 13.94 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 4.37 8.59 6.69 14.93 16.62 17.58 20.57 20.35 18.01 17.91 17.51 16.05 16.16 17.50 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17.06 16.69 15.34 15.46 16.72 IRELAND................. 2.69 4.95 4.97 8.95 8.95 9.04 9.81 9.63 9.61 9.23 9.47 8.73 9.30 10.14 ITALY................... 3.40 6.58 6.02 13.91 12.55 12.52 12.79 13.96 13.19 12.84 12.48 11.03 10.85 11.71 NORWAY.................. .. 8.91 7.69 16.85 15.97 16.61 18.95 19.30 18.31 18.47 18.68 17.08 17.76 20.80 SPAIN (1)............... .. .. .. 8.50 8.51 8.12 9.02 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SWEDEN.................. 6.33 11.14 8.47 17.63 14.74 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SWITZERLAND............. 4.65 9.06 7.87 16.82 17.63 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. UNITED KINGDOM.......... 2.98 6.76 5.15 10.54 10.51 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Including rubber & plastics footwear. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 22 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (US SIC 31) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 3.91 5.79 7.64 9.10 10.27 10.74 10.87 11.37 11.77 12.36 12.74 13.41 13.66 13.69 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.99 3.09 3.06 2.79 3.17 3.36 .. CANADA.................. .. .. 9.24 11.41 12.03 12.58 12.75 14.42 14.10 14.14 13.72 14.25 13.87 14.57 MEXICO.................. .. .. .. .. #6.32 6.70 7.02 8.26 9.81 11.30 14.05 15.76 18.89 20.96 ISRAEL.................. 1.14 13.55 #3.23 13.02 18.53 21.35 24.68 28.88 33.05 35.54 39.13 42.03 41.24 41.56 JAPAN................... 705.3 934.9 1118 1479 1600 1605 1594 1535 1652 1728 1769 1608 1587 1626 KOREA................... 146.0 481.4 825.7 1923 3202 3462 3634 4453 5096 5416 5696 5995 6795 7827 TAIWAN.................. 10.39 29.70 50.87 85.57 111.1 117.7 123.8 130.9 130.8 133.5 134.2 133.5 140.4 147.0 AUSTRIA................. 57.55 79.64 104.1 138.1 151.3 156.7 164.9 167.6 173.2 176.0 #12.75 13.05 13.36 13.89 BELGIUM................. 194.8 298.2 423.8 505.2 584.1 612.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 29.37 51.44 73.87 93.76 105.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 12.74 22.95 37.51 56.88 65.44 #63.29 #69.84 69.30 72.60 72.85 #12.99 13.52 13.96 14.10 FRANCE.................. 15.39 30.20 55.11 67.25 74.82 75.86 76.29 76.46 80.13 82.00 #12.91 13.71 14.17 14.74 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 10.74 15.58 19.70 24.15 27.50 28.51 29.45 30.63 31.24 31.53 #16.44 17.38 18.05 18.51 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 30.02 #15.67 16.62 17.27 17.68 IRELAND................. 1.21 2.41 4.66 5.40 6.11 6.04 6.12 6.02 6.33 6.48 #8.89 9.46 10.39 10.73 ITALY................... 2215 5623 11495 16663 19738 20166 20843 21546 22480 22297 #11.72 11.95 12.12 12.39 NORWAY.................. .. 43.99 66.06 105.4 113.3 117.2 120.0 124.6 129.7 139.5 145.8 150.6 159.8 166.1 SPAIN (1)............... .. .. .. 867.2 1084 1087 1124 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SWEDEN.................. 26.21 47.12 72.89 104.4 114.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SWITZERLAND............. 12.01 15.17 19.31 23.39 26.06 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. UNITED KINGDOM.......... 1.34 2.90 3.97 5.91 7.00 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Including rubber & plastics footwear. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004