HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING 30 COUNTRIES OR AREAS 40 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, SELECTED YEARS, 1975-2002 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS, MACHINERY, AND EQUIPMENT (US SIC 34-38 & ISIC 38) IMPORTANT NOTE: DATA IN THE FOLLOWING TABLES ARE SUBJECT TO LIMITATIONS THAT ARE DESCRIBED IN THE INTRODUCTION AND IN THE COUNTRY NOTES. THE INTRODUCTION AND COUNTRY NOTES CAN BE ACCESSED AT: ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ForeignLabor/indnotes.txt. General Notes: The measures for total manufacturing were published in news release USDL 03-507, "International Comparisons of Hourly Compensation Costs for Production Workers in Manufacturing, 2002," September 26, 2003. The measures for individual manufacturing industries are less reliable than the total manufacturing data because there are more technical limitations associated with them. For more information about limitations, see the Technical Notes and Country Notes. The measures in these tables are shown according to the U.S. 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) for every U.S. two-digit level industry and selected three-digit industries. Data are also shown for two-digit level International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Rev. 2 industry groups. Currently, data are unavailable for the latest years for several countries in which there have been recent changes in wage surveys or in industrial classification. Additional revisions to this database will be made on an SIC basis. In the future, this database will be converted to a NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) basis. Note: Hourly compensation costs in national currency for countries that are members of the European Monetary Union (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain) are expressed in the national currency used in each country prior to the implementation of the euro for 1975-1998, and in euros for 1999-2002. More information about national currency units and exchange rates used in these tables is on page 136. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Prepared By: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Productivity And Technology, May 18, 2004. HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 92 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS, MACHINERY, AND EQUIPMENT (US SIC 34-38 & ISIC 38) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 40 39 37 21 23 19 .. CANADA (2).............. .. .. 75 102 96 91 92 91 88 84 83 82 78 76 MEXICO.................. .. .. 11 10 14 13 8 8 9 9 10 11 12 12 JAPAN................... 44 51 44 81 110 120 134 115 104 96 110 114 96 87 KOREA................... 5 9 10 25 32 36 42 46 40 29 36 38 34 40 TAIWAN.................. 6 10 10 23 28 29 30 30 29 25 26 27 25 22 AUSTRIA................. 63 80 50 110 111 115 135 127 108 109 105 90 86 89 BELGIUM................. 93 121 62 119 121 129 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 84 92 52 105 101 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 66 71 52 122 86 #96 #122 116 99 102 97 85 82 .. FRANCE.................. 63 82 52 96 92 94 104 100 87 88 85 76 74 77 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 89 113 66 139 144 147 171 169 146 144 139 121 114 117 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 141 135 117 110 113 IRELAND (3)............. 42 53 38 68 63 64 70 70 63 63 59 55 59 59 ITALY................... 66 72 52 108 88 86 88 94 86 83 79 68 64 67 NETHERLANDS............. 88 104 55 102 101 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. .. 106 69 129 110 113 128 127 117 117 115 102 101 115 SPAIN................... .. .. .. 75 70 67 74 74 66 62 62 55 52 55 SWEDEN.................. 97 108 63 123 93 #96 110 122 108 106 102 93 80 85 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 48 68 42 79 70 72 76 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Generally includes metal furniture except for the United States, Canada, Japan & Taiwan, which include metal furniture in furniture & fixtures manufacturing (US SIC 25). (2) Excluding instruments and related products. (3) Including foundry products. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 93 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS, MACHINERY, AND EQUIPMENT (US SIC 34-38 & ISIC 38) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 7.38 11.44 15.23 16.59 18.51 18.92 19.09 19.60 20.30 20.44 20.87 21.53 22.54 23.50 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7.85 7.87 7.56 4.42 5.02 4.19 .. CANADA (2).............. .. .. 11.40 16.97 17.81 17.27 17.66 17.89 17.85 17.24 17.37 17.63 17.48 17.76 MEXICO.................. .. .. 1.64 1.61 2.50 2.49 1.57 1.53 1.73 1.78 2.02 2.37 2.79 2.88 JAPAN................... 3.25 5.87 6.69 13.46 20.38 22.74 25.54 22.53 21.02 19.67 23.01 24.54 21.65 20.48 KOREA................... 0.36 1.06 1.45 4.17 6.00 6.88 8.02 9.00 8.20 5.92 7.46 8.27 7.76 9.47 TAIWAN.................. 0.45 1.12 1.53 3.88 5.16 5.46 5.82 5.84 5.80 5.21 5.45 5.81 5.58 5.28 AUSTRIA................. 4.65 9.11 7.64 18.18 20.60 21.85 25.69 24.84 21.92 22.18 21.92 19.47 19.29 20.83 BELGIUM................. 6.84 13.81 9.48 19.77 22.32 24.39 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 6.23 10.57 7.85 17.38 18.77 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 4.83 8.14 7.91 20.25 15.86 #18.17 #23.30 22.78 20.14 20.79 20.32 18.20 18.40 .. FRANCE.................. 4.67 9.33 7.85 15.92 17.05 17.70 19.85 19.53 17.65 17.93 17.68 16.29 16.58 18.11 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 6.57 12.93 10.06 23.07 26.72 27.74 32.68 33.21 29.54 29.50 28.93 25.94 25.66 27.53 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 28.78 28.23 25.08 24.81 26.60 IRELAND (3)............. 3.13 6.04 5.76 11.32 11.58 12.07 13.35 13.78 12.85 12.89 12.31 11.76 13.30 13.77 ITALY................... 4.85 8.29 7.89 17.96 16.26 16.28 16.84 18.34 17.42 17.03 16.54 14.65 14.45 15.74 NETHERLANDS............. 6.51 11.86 8.31 16.86 18.66 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. .. 12.08 10.54 21.45 20.40 21.31 24.44 24.90 23.82 23.91 24.08 22.06 22.78 26.94 SPAIN................... .. .. .. 12.40 12.86 12.76 14.15 14.58 13.33 12.71 12.93 11.75 11.74 13.03 SWEDEN.................. 7.18 12.32 9.54 20.49 17.24 #18.17 21.09 23.88 21.86 21.72 21.32 19.94 18.10 19.95 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 3.52 7.80 6.46 13.12 12.98 13.57 14.44 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Generally includes metal furniture except for the United States, Canada, Japan & Taiwan, which include metal furniture in furniture & fixtures manufacturing (US SIC 25). (2) Excluding instruments and related products. (3) Including foundry products. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 94 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS, MACHINERY, AND EQUIPMENT (US SIC 34-38 & ISIC 38) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 7.38 11.44 15.23 16.59 18.51 18.92 19.09 19.60 20.30 20.44 20.87 21.53 22.54 23.50 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7.88 8.49 8.78 8.05 9.19 9.86 .. CANADA (2).............. .. .. 15.58 19.80 22.97 23.59 24.25 24.40 24.72 25.59 25.82 26.20 27.07 27.89 MEXICO.................. .. .. 422.3 4521 #7.79 8.40 10.11 11.66 13.70 16.26 19.27 22.43 26.03 27.82 JAPAN................... 963.6 1326 1596 1952 2264 2324 2400 2452 2546 2577 2616 2645 2633 2564 KOREA................... 176.6 645.7 1263 2955 4818 5528 6184 7239 7800 8293 8883 9353 10032 11835 TAIWAN.................. 17.06 40.16 60.87 104.5 136.2 144.7 154.2 160.5 166.9 174.8 176.2 181.5 188.6 182.3 AUSTRIA................. 80.96 117.9 158.1 206.0 239.7 249.3 258.9 263.0 267.6 274.6 #20.58 21.09 21.55 22.04 BELGIUM................. 251.1 403.2 562.5 660.7 772.0 815.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 35.71 59.50 83.18 107.6 121.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 17.71 30.28 49.01 77.55 90.77 #95.12 #102.0 104.7 104.7 111.2 #19.07 19.71 20.55 .. FRANCE.................. 20.00 39.37 70.45 86.71 96.63 98.14 98.98 99.93 103.1 105.8 #16.60 17.65 18.53 19.16 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 16.12 23.47 29.59 37.31 44.22 45.00 46.80 49.97 51.24 51.92 #27.16 28.10 28.67 29.12 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 50.65 #26.50 27.17 27.72 28.14 IRELAND (3)............. 1.41 2.93 5.40 6.83 7.90 8.07 8.32 8.62 8.47 9.05 #11.56 12.74 14.86 14.57 ITALY................... 3166 7088 15067 21510 25571 26235 27428 28305 29686 29578 #15.53 15.87 16.15 16.65 NETHERLANDS............. 16.41 23.55 27.57 30.71 34.67 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. .. 59.61 90.61 134.2 144.8 150.4 154.8 160.8 168.8 180.6 188.0 194.4 204.9 215.1 SPAIN................... .. .. .. 1265 1640 1708 1763 1847 1953 1899 #12.14 12.73 13.11 13.79 SWEDEN.................. 29.75 52.08 82.11 121.4 134.4 #140.2 150.6 160.2 167.1 172.7 #176.4 182.9 187.2 193.9 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 1.58 3.35 4.98 7.35 8.65 8.86 9.14 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Generally includes metal furniture except for the United States, Canada, Japan & Taiwan, which include metal furniture in furniture & fixtures manufacturing (US SIC 25). (2) Excluding instruments and related products. (3) Including foundry products. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004