TABLE 11: Layoffs and discharges estimated rate and level changes between April 2022 and April 2023,
          and test of significance, not seasonally adjusted

                                                               Rates                          Levels (in thousands)
                                                               =====                          =====================

                                                Estimated     Minimum   Pass test of   Estimated     Minimum   Pass test of
                                              over-the-year significant significance over-the-year significant significance
     Industry and region                         change       change*                   change       change*

Total nonfarm                                      0.1          0.1                       213          198         YES

           INDUSTRY

  Total private                                    0.2          0.2                       204          196         YES
    Mining and logging                             0.4          0.8                         3            6
    Construction                                   0.8          1.0                        62           72
    Manufacturing                                  0.1          0.2                        14           28
      Durable goods                                0.1          0.3                         8           21
      Nondurable goods                             0.2          0.4                         6           17
    Trade, transportation, and utilities           0.2          0.3                        53           75
      Wholesale trade                              0.1          0.5                         5           26
      Retail trade                                 0.3          0.4                        36           57
      Transportation, warehousing, and utilities   0.1          0.5                        12           32
    Information                                   -0.4          0.8                       -14           24
    Financial activities                           0.1          0.3                        12           26
      Finance and insurance                        0.2          0.3                        13           18
      Real estate and rental and leasing          -0.1          0.6                        -2           14
    Professional and business services             0.4          0.5                        98           92         YES
    Education and health services                  0.0          0.2                        -5           54
      Educational services                         0.0          0.4                         2           13
      Health care and social assistance            0.0          0.3                        -7           49
    Leisure and hospitality                       -0.1          0.5                       -13           79
      Arts, entertainment, and recreation         -0.5          1.6                        -8           34
      Accommodation and food services             -0.1          0.6                        -6           72
    Other services                                -0.2          0.9                        -6           51
  Government                                       0.0          0.1                         9           28
    Federal                                        0.0          0.1                        -1            3
    State and local                                0.0          0.1                         8           28
      State and local education                    0.0          0.1                         7           14
      State and local, excluding education         0.0          0.2                         2           16

           REGION

    Northeast                                      0.0          0.3                       -16           83
    South                                          0.0          0.2                         6          104
    Midwest                                        0.4          0.3         YES           147           96         YES
    West                                           0.2          0.3                        76          101

  SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, May 31, 2023.
  *NOTE:  Significant over-the-year changes are calculated at a 90-percent confidence level.  The median standard error
is used in testing the over-the-year change.