TABLE 11: Layoffs and discharges estimated rate and level changes between January 2022 and January 2023, and test of significance, not seasonally adjusted Rates Levels (in thousands) ===== ===================== Estimated Minimum Pass test of Estimated Minimum Pass test of over-the-year significant significance over-the-year significant significance Industry and region change change* change change* Total nonfarm 0.3 0.1 YES 462 198 YES INDUSTRY Total private 0.3 0.2 YES 444 196 YES Mining and logging -0.6 0.8 -2 6 Construction 0.4 1.0 43 72 Manufacturing -0.1 0.2 -6 28 Durable goods -0.2 0.3 -14 21 Nondurable goods 0.2 0.4 8 17 Trade, transportation, and utilities 0.8 0.3 YES 225 75 YES Wholesale trade 0.5 0.5 32 26 YES Retail trade 0.0 0.4 1 57 Transportation, warehousing, and utilities 2.6 0.5 YES 193 32 YES Information -0.6 0.8 -17 24 Financial activities 0.2 0.3 19 26 Finance and insurance 0.0 0.3 1 18 Real estate and rental and leasing 0.8 0.6 YES 19 14 YES Professional and business services 1.0 0.5 YES 228 92 YES Education and health services -0.1 0.2 -25 54 Educational services 0.1 0.4 4 13 Health care and social assistance -0.1 0.3 -29 49 Leisure and hospitality -0.1 0.5 -2 79 Arts, entertainment, and recreation -1.5 1.6 -25 34 Accommodation and food services 0.1 0.6 23 72 Other services -0.4 0.9 -19 51 Government 0.1 0.1 18 28 Federal -0.1 0.1 -3 3 State and local 0.1 0.1 21 28 State and local education 0.1 0.1 11 14 State and local, excluding education 0.2 0.2 11 16 REGION Northeast 0.2 0.3 74 83 South 0.4 0.2 YES 256 104 YES Midwest 0.3 0.3 102 96 YES West 0.0 0.3 31 101 SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, March 8, 2023. *NOTE: Significant over-the-year changes are calculated at a 90-percent confidence level. The median standard error is used in testing the over-the-year change.