TABLE 11: Layoffs and discharges estimated rate and level changes between May 2022 and May 2023,
          and test of significance, not seasonally adjusted

                                                               Rates                          Levels (in thousands)
                                                               =====                          =====================

                                                Estimated     Minimum   Pass test of   Estimated     Minimum   Pass test of
                                              over-the-year significant significance over-the-year significant significance
     Industry and region                         change       change*                   change       change*

Total nonfarm                                      0.0          0.1                         2          198

           INDUSTRY

  Total private                                    0.0          0.2                       -17          196
    Mining and logging                             0.4          0.8                         3            6
    Construction                                   0.1          1.0                        14           72
    Manufacturing                                  0.4          0.2         YES            46           28         YES
      Durable goods                                0.4          0.3         YES            33           21         YES
      Nondurable goods                             0.2          0.4                        13           17
    Trade, transportation, and utilities           0.3          0.3                        90           75         YES
      Wholesale trade                             -0.1          0.5                        -4           26
      Retail trade                                 0.6          0.4         YES            88           57         YES
      Transportation, warehousing, and utilities   0.1          0.5                         6           32
    Information                                    0.1          0.8                         3           24
    Financial activities                           0.0          0.3                        -3           26
      Finance and insurance                        0.0          0.3                         0           18
      Real estate and rental and leasing          -0.1          0.6                        -4           14
    Professional and business services            -0.5          0.5                      -109           92         YES
    Education and health services                 -0.2          0.2                       -31           54
      Educational services                        -0.6          0.4         YES           -20           13         YES
      Health care and social assistance           -0.1          0.3                       -11           49
    Leisure and hospitality                        0.0          0.5                        13           79
      Arts, entertainment, and recreation         -0.6          1.6                       -12           34
      Accommodation and food services              0.2          0.6                        24           72
    Other services                                -0.8          0.9                       -42           51
  Government                                       0.1          0.1                        19           28
    Federal                                        0.0          0.1                        -1            3
    State and local                                0.1          0.1                        20           28
      State and local education                    0.0          0.1                        12           14
      State and local, excluding education         0.1          0.2                         8           16

           REGION

    Northeast                                     -0.1          0.3                        -8           83
    South                                          0.1          0.2                        30          104
    Midwest                                        0.1          0.3                        38           96
    West                                          -0.2          0.3                       -58          101

  SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, July 6, 2023.
  *NOTE:  Significant over-the-year changes are calculated at a 90-percent confidence level.  The median standard error
is used in testing the over-the-year change.