TABLE 1: Job openings estimated rate and level changes between March 2023 and April 2023,
         and test of significance, seasonally adjusted

                                                                  Rates                          Levels (in thousands)
                                                                  =====                          =====================

                                                   Estimated      Minimum   Pass test of   Estimated      Minimum   Pass test of
                                                 over-the-month significant significance over-the-month significant significance
     Industry and region                            change        change*                  change         change*

Total nonfarm                                         0.2           0.2                      358            376

           INDUSTRY

  Total private                                       0.2           0.3                      430            368         YES
    Mining and logging                                0.0           1.1                        1              8
    Construction                                      0.8           0.9                       68             76
    Manufacturing                                    -0.2           0.6                      -26             75
      Durable goods                                  -0.5           0.6                      -40             51
      Nondurable goods                                0.3           0.8                       13             42
    Trade, transportation, and utilities              1.1           0.5         YES          329            168         YES
      Wholesale trade                                -0.6           0.8                      -35             51
      Retail trade                                    1.2           0.8         YES          209            135         YES
      Transportation, warehousing, and utilities      1.8           1.0         YES          154             68         YES
    Information                                      -0.2           1.2                       -7             37
    Financial activities                              0.3           0.8                       34             76
      Finance and insurance                           0.8           1.0                       63             71
      Real estate and rental and leasing             -1.1           1.2                      -28             31
    Professional and business services               -0.2           0.8                      -57            170
    Education and health services                     0.5           0.5                      165            126         YES
      Educational services                           -0.5           0.6                      -21             23
      Health care and social assistance               0.7           0.5         YES          185            123         YES
    Leisure and hospitality                          -0.4           0.8                      -86            137
      Arts, entertainment, and recreation            -0.2           1.3                       -6             35
      Accommodation and food services                -0.5           0.9                      -80            126
    Other services                                    0.1           1.2                        9             75
  Government                                         -0.3           0.3                      -71             76
    Federal                                          -0.1           0.6                       -3             19
    State and local                                  -0.3           0.4                      -69             73
      State and local education                      -0.2           0.3                      -23             28
      State and local, excluding education           -0.4           0.6                      -45             61

           REGION

    Northeast                                        -0.1           0.5                      -34            153
    South                                             0.1           0.4                       20            243
    Midwest                                           0.4           0.5                      137            160
    West                                              0.6           0.5         YES          236            184         YES

  SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, May 31, 2023.
  *NOTE:  Significant over-the-month changes are calculated at a 90-percent confidence level.  The median standard error
is used in testing the over-the-month change.