TABLE 5: Layoffs and discharges estimated rate and level changes between March 2023 and April 2023,
         and test of significance, seasonally adjusted

                                                                  Rates                          Levels (in thousands)
                                                                  =====                          =====================

                                                   Estimated      Minimum   Pass test of   Estimated      Minimum   Pass test of
                                                 over-the-month significant significance over-the-month significant significance
     Industry and region                            change        change*                  change         change*

Total nonfarm                                        -0.2           0.1         YES         -264            192         YES

           INDUSTRY

  Total private                                      -0.2           0.2                     -268            191         YES
    Mining and logging                               -0.1           0.8                       -1              5
    Construction                                     -1.4           1.0         YES         -113             76         YES
    Manufacturing                                     0.0           0.2                        2             27
      Durable goods                                   0.0           0.2                       -2             17
      Nondurable goods                                0.1           0.4                        4             19
    Trade, transportation, and utilities              0.1           0.3                       25             71
      Wholesale trade                                 0.0           0.4                       -1             23
      Retail trade                                    0.1           0.3                       26             51
      Transportation, warehousing, and utilities      0.0           0.5                        0             32
    Information                                      -1.1           0.8         YES          -33             23         YES
    Financial activities                             -0.1           0.3                       -5             23
      Finance and insurance                           0.0           0.3                       -1             17
      Real estate and rental and leasing             -0.2           0.6                       -5             14
    Professional and business services                0.0           0.5                       -9             91
    Education and health services                    -0.2           0.2                      -44             43         YES
      Educational services                           -0.3           0.4                      -11             14
      Health care and social assistance              -0.1           0.2                      -34             41
    Leisure and hospitality                          -0.6           0.5         YES          -86             80         YES
      Arts, entertainment, and recreation            -1.3           1.6                      -30             35
      Accommodation and food services                -0.4           0.5                      -56             61
    Other services                                   -0.1           0.8                       -4             47
  Government                                          0.0           0.1                        5             24
    Federal                                           0.0           0.1                        0              3
    State and local                                   0.0           0.1                        4             24
      State and local education                       0.0           0.2                        3             16
      State and local, excluding education            0.0           0.1                        2             12

           REGION

    Northeast                                        -0.3           0.3                      -73             81
    South                                            -0.2           0.2                     -109            109
    Midwest                                           0.2           0.3                       59             85
    West                                             -0.3           0.3                     -141            102         YES

  SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, May 31, 2023.
  *NOTE:  Significant over-the-month changes are calculated at a 90-percent confidence level.  The median standard error
is used in testing the over-the-month change.