TABLE 5: Layoffs and discharges estimated rate and level changes between April 2023 and May 2023,
         and test of significance, seasonally adjusted

                                                                  Rates                          Levels (in thousands)
                                                                  =====                          =====================

                                                   Estimated      Minimum   Pass test of   Estimated      Minimum   Pass test of
                                                 over-the-month significant significance over-the-month significant significance
     Industry and region                            change        change*                  change         change*

Total nonfarm                                         0.0           0.1                      -35            192

           INDUSTRY

  Total private                                       0.0           0.2                      -32            191
    Mining and logging                                0.0           0.8                        0              5
    Construction                                     -0.9           1.0                      -71             76
    Manufacturing                                     0.2           0.2                       19             27
      Durable goods                                   0.2           0.2                       17             17
      Nondurable goods                                0.0           0.4                        3             19
    Trade, transportation, and utilities              0.3           0.3                       78             71         YES
      Wholesale trade                                 0.0           0.4                        0             23
      Retail trade                                    0.5           0.3         YES           87             51         YES
      Transportation, warehousing, and utilities     -0.1           0.5                      -10             32
    Information                                       0.6           0.8                       21             23
    Financial activities                              0.1           0.3                        7             23
      Finance and insurance                           0.2           0.3                       10             17
      Real estate and rental and leasing             -0.1           0.6                       -2             14
    Professional and business services               -0.4           0.5                      -86             91
    Education and health services                     0.0           0.2                       -3             43
      Educational services                            0.0           0.4                       -1             14
      Health care and social assistance               0.0           0.2                       -3             41
    Leisure and hospitality                           0.1           0.5                       18             80
      Arts, entertainment, and recreation            -0.2           1.6                       -5             35
      Accommodation and food services                 0.2           0.5                       24             61
    Other services                                   -0.3           0.8                      -15             47
  Government                                          0.0           0.1                       -3             24
    Federal                                           0.0           0.1                        0              3
    State and local                                  -0.1           0.1                       -3             24
      State and local education                       0.0           0.2                        1             16
      State and local, excluding education           -0.1           0.1                       -5             12

           REGION

    Northeast                                         0.0           0.3                        9             81
    South                                             0.2           0.2                       70            109
    Midwest                                          -0.2           0.3                      -88             85         YES
    West                                             -0.1           0.3                      -26            102

  SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, July 6, 2023.
  *NOTE:  Significant over-the-month changes are calculated at a 90-percent confidence level.  The median standard error
is used in testing the over-the-month change.