TABLE 7: Job openings estimated rate and level changes between April 2022 and April 2023, and test of significance, not seasonally adjusted Rates Levels (in thousands) ===== ===================== Estimated Minimum Pass test of Estimated Minimum Pass test of over-the-year significant significance over-the-year significant significance Industry and region change change* change change* Total nonfarm -1.2 0.3 YES -1793 409 YES INDUSTRY Total private -1.3 0.3 YES -1705 402 YES Mining and logging -2.1 1.2 YES -11 8 YES Construction -0.7 1.0 -45 79 Manufacturing -2.5 0.5 YES -351 63 YES Durable goods -3.1 0.5 YES -264 45 YES Nondurable goods -1.7 0.8 YES -87 40 YES Trade, transportation, and utilities -0.7 0.5 YES -190 174 YES Wholesale trade -1.0 0.8 YES -60 48 YES Retail trade -1.0 0.8 YES -172 140 YES Transportation, warehousing, and utilities 0.4 1.1 42 76 Information -3.1 1.2 YES -106 36 YES Financial activities -0.1 0.7 -14 72 Finance and insurance 0.6 0.9 44 61 Real estate and rental and leasing -2.3 1.2 YES -59 29 YES Professional and business services -2.4 1.0 YES -610 198 YES Education and health services -0.8 0.5 YES -123 133 Educational services -0.1 0.6 0 23 Health care and social assistance -0.8 0.6 YES -124 131 Leisure and hospitality -1.6 0.7 YES -213 110 YES Arts, entertainment, and recreation 2.6 1.2 YES 88 30 YES Accommodation and food services -2.3 0.7 YES -302 105 YES Other services -0.9 1.1 -42 70 Government -0.4 0.3 YES -88 76 YES Federal 0.6 0.6 20 19 YES State and local -0.6 0.4 YES -107 73 YES State and local education -0.6 0.2 YES -57 26 YES State and local, excluding education -0.6 0.6 -50 63 REGION Northeast -1.1 0.5 YES -291 146 YES South -1.1 0.4 YES -574 246 YES Midwest -1.6 0.5 YES -526 174 YES West -1.1 0.5 YES -401 191 YES SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, May 31, 2023. *NOTE: Significant over-the-year changes are calculated at a 90-percent confidence level. The median standard error is used in testing the over-the-year change.