TABLE 7: Job openings estimated rate and level changes between May 2022 and May 2023, and test of significance, not seasonally adjusted Rates Levels (in thousands) ===== ===================== Estimated Minimum Pass test of Estimated Minimum Pass test of over-the-year significant significance over-the-year significant significance Industry and region change change* change change* Total nonfarm -1.1 0.3 YES -1731 409 YES INDUSTRY Total private -1.4 0.3 YES -1811 402 YES Mining and logging -0.9 1.2 -4 8 Construction -0.6 1.0 -37 79 Manufacturing -1.8 0.5 YES -250 63 YES Durable goods -1.9 0.5 YES -158 45 YES Nondurable goods -1.7 0.8 YES -91 40 YES Trade, transportation, and utilities -1.2 0.5 YES -378 174 YES Wholesale trade -2.2 0.8 YES -144 48 YES Retail trade -2.1 0.8 YES -342 140 YES Transportation, warehousing, and utilities 1.2 1.1 YES 108 76 YES Information -1.5 1.2 YES -51 36 YES Financial activities -1.3 0.7 YES -128 72 YES Finance and insurance -1.4 0.9 YES -100 61 YES Real estate and rental and leasing -1.2 1.2 -27 29 Professional and business services -1.5 1.0 YES -341 198 YES Education and health services -1.1 0.5 YES -233 133 YES Educational services 0.8 0.6 YES 46 23 YES Health care and social assistance -1.4 0.6 YES -279 131 YES Leisure and hospitality -1.8 0.7 YES -259 110 YES Arts, entertainment, and recreation -0.2 1.2 6 30 Accommodation and food services -2.0 0.7 YES -265 105 YES Other services -2.2 1.1 YES -131 70 YES Government 0.2 0.3 80 76 YES Federal 1.1 0.6 YES 37 19 YES State and local 0.0 0.4 43 73 State and local education -0.3 0.2 YES -17 26 State and local, excluding education 0.4 0.6 60 63 REGION Northeast -1.6 0.5 YES -442 146 YES South -0.8 0.4 YES -395 246 YES Midwest -1.2 0.5 YES -375 174 YES West -1.4 0.5 YES -519 191 YES SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, July 6, 2023. *NOTE: Significant over-the-year changes are calculated at a 90-percent confidence level. The median standard error is used in testing the over-the-year change.