TABLE 8: Hires estimated rate and level changes between September 2022 and September 2023,
         and test of significance, not seasonally adjusted

                                                               Rates                          Levels (in thousands)
                                                               =====                          =====================

                                                Estimated     Minimum   Pass test of   Estimated     Minimum   Pass test of
                                              over-the-year significant significance over-the-year significant significance
     Industry and region                         change       change*                   change       change*

Total nonfarm                                     -0.3          0.2         YES          -400          303         YES

           INDUSTRY

  Total private                                   -0.3          0.2         YES          -365          301         YES
    Mining and logging                            -0.6          1.2                        -2            8
    Construction                                  -0.9          1.1                       -65           77
    Manufacturing                                 -0.4          0.5                       -50           59
      Durable goods                               -0.3          0.5                       -20           40
      Nondurable goods                            -0.5          0.7                       -30           34
    Trade, transportation, and utilities          -0.4          0.5                       -93          139
      Wholesale trade                             -0.5          0.7                       -23           37
      Retail trade                                 0.0          0.8                         5          117
      Transportation, warehousing, and utilities  -1.0          0.8         YES           -75           46         YES
    Information                                   -0.9          1.0                       -27           29
    Financial activities                          -0.6          0.5         YES           -52           46         YES
      Finance and insurance                       -0.7          0.6         YES           -44           41         YES
      Real estate and rental and leasing          -0.4          1.0                        -9           23
    Professional and business services            -0.6          0.8                      -115          156
    Education and health services                 -0.1          0.3                        26           75
      Educational services                        -0.5          0.7                       -15           24
      Health care and social assistance            0.0          0.4                        41           71
    Leisure and hospitality                        0.0          0.7                        37          101
      Arts, entertainment, and recreation         -0.4          1.8                        -3           37
      Accommodation and food services              0.0          0.7                        41           94
    Other services                                -0.5          1.1                       -23           59
  Government                                      -0.2          0.2                       -34           41
    Federal                                        0.0          0.3                         2            7
    State and local                               -0.2          0.2                       -36           40
      State and local education                   -0.1          0.2                        -1           22
      State and local, excluding education        -0.4          0.3         YES           -35           25         YES

           REGION

    Northeast                                      0.1          0.4                        41          104
    South                                         -0.3          0.4                      -141          191
    Midwest                                       -0.4          0.4                      -102          124
    West                                          -0.6          0.4         YES          -197          149         YES

  SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, November 1, 2023.
  *NOTE:  Significant over-the-year changes are calculated at a 90-percent confidence level.  The median standard error
is used in testing the over-the-year change.