Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 05-523 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ Establishment data: 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST), Media contact: 691-5902 Friday, April 1, 2005. THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MARCH 2005 Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 110,000 in March, and the unemployment rate declined to 5.2 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Several industries added jobs over the month, including construction, mining, health care, and wholesale trade. Unemployment (Household Survey Data) Both the number of unemployed persons, 7.7 million, and the unemployment rate, 5.2 percent, decreased in March. The jobless rate was down from 5.7 per- cent a year earlier. Over the month, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.6 percent), whites (4.4 percent), and Hispanics or Latinos (5.7 percent) declined. The unemployment rates for adult women (4.5 percent), teenagers (16.9 percent), and blacks or African Americans (10.3 percent) were little changed. The jobless rate for Asians was 3.9 percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) In March, persons who had been unemployed for 27 weeks or more accounted for 21.5 percent of the unemployed, down from 23.8 percent a year earlier. Job losers made up 49.1 percent of the unemployed in March, down from 53.5 percent a year earlier. (See tables A-8 and A-9.) Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) Total employment and the employment-population ratio were about unchanged in March at 140.5 million and 62.4 percent, respectively. The civilian labor force participation rate was 65.8 percent for the third straight month. (See table A-1.) Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) There were 1.6 million persons who were marginally attached to the labor force in March, about the same as a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals wanted and were available to work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed, however, because they did not actively search for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, at 480,000 in March, was little changed from a year earlier. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for them. The other 1.1 million marginally attached had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family responsi- bilities. (See table A-13.) - 2 - Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) ______________________________________________________________________________ | Quarterly | | | averages | Monthly data | |_________________|__________________________| Feb.- Category | 2004 | 2005 | 2005 | Mar. |________|________|__________________________|change | IV | I | Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | _________________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______ HOUSEHOLD DATA | Labor force status |____________________________________________________ Civilian labor force.....| 148,136| 148,089| 147,979| 148,132| 148,157| 25 Employment.............| 140,092| 140,296| 140,241| 140,144| 140,501| 357 Unemployment...........| 8,044| 7,794| 7,737| 7,988| 7,656| -332 Not in labor force.......| 76,282| 76,949| 76,858| 76,909| 77,079| 170 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Unemployment rates |____________________________________________________ All workers..............| 5.4| 5.3| 5.2| 5.4| 5.2| -0.2 Adult men..............| 4.9| 4.7| 4.7| 4.9| 4.6| -.3 Adult women............| 4.7| 4.6| 4.6| 4.7| 4.5| -.2 Teenagers..............| 17.1| 16.9| 16.3| 17.5| 16.9| -.6 White..................| 4.6| 4.5| 4.4| 4.6| 4.4| -.2 Black or African | | | | | | American.............| 10.8| 10.6| 10.6| 10.9| 10.3| -.6 Hispanic or Latino | | | | | | ethnicity............| 6.7| 6.1| 6.1| 6.4| 5.7| -.7 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ ESTABLISHMENT DATA | Employment |____________________________________________________ Nonfarm employment.......| 132,302|p132,772| 132,573|p132,816|p132,926| p110 Goods-producing(1).....| 22,000| p22,047| 22,004| p22,056| p22,080| p24 Construction.........| 7,063| p7,119| 7,090| p7,121| p7,147| p26 Manufacturing........| 14,338| p14,314| 14,307| p14,322| p14,314| p-8 Service-providing(1)...| 110,302|p110,725| 110,569|p110,760|p110,846| p86 Retail trade(2)......| 15,072| p15,104| 15,081| p15,120| p15,111| p-10 Professional and | | | | | | business services..| 16,633| p16,751| 16,694| p16,766| p16,793| p27 Education and health | | | | | | services...........| 17,110| p17,193| 17,178| p17,189| p17,212| p23 Leisure and | | | | | | hospitality........| 12,569| p12,627| 12,611| p12,630| p12,640| p10 Government...........| 21,702| p21,734| 21,710| p21,741| p21,750| p9 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Hours of work(3) |____________________________________________________ Total private............| 33.7| p33.7| 33.7| p33.7| p33.7| p0.0 Manufacturing..........| 40.6| p40.6| 40.7| p40.6| p40.5| p-.1 Overtime.............| 4.5| p4.5| 4.5| p4.6| p4.4| p-.2 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3) |____________________________________________________ Total private............| 101.2| p101.7| 101.5| p101.7| p101.8| p0.1 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Earnings(3) |____________________________________________________ Avg. hourly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| $15.83| p$15.92| $15.90| p$15.91| p$15.95| p$0.04 Avg. weekly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| 533.89| p536.51| 535.83| p536.17| p537.52| p1.35 _________________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______ 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data. 3 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers. p=preliminary. - 3 - Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 110,000 in March to 132.9 million, seasonally adjusted. Industries with over-the-month job gains in- cluded construction, mining, health care, and wholesale trade. Payroll emp- loyment has risen by 2.1 million over the year and by 3.1 million since its most recent trough in May 2003. (See table B-1.) Within the goods-producing sector, construction employment rose by 26,000 in March, following a gain of similar magnitude in February. This industry has added 489,000 jobs since its most recent low in March 2003. Residential building and residential specialty trade contractors together accounted for 70 percent of the 2-year gain. Employment rose in mining for the fifth con- secutive month. This industry has added 22,000 jobs since October 2004, mainly in support services for oil and gas operations. Manufacturing employment was little changed (-8,000) in March. Small job losses occurred in textile mills (-2,000) and apparel (-5,000), as both in- dustries continued to experience long-term job declines. Since last summer, manufacturing employment has declined slightly. In the service-providing sector, health care added 16,000 jobs in March, with hospitals accounting for half of the growth. Over the year, health care employment has increased by 243,000. Wholesale trade employment was up by 15,000 over the month, with gains in both its durable and nondurable components. Since its most recent low in August 2003, the industry has added 112,000 jobs. Employment in professional and business services continued to trend upward in March (27,000). Over the year, monthly job gains in this broad industry category have averaged 51,000. Within professional and business services, temporary help employment was about unchanged in March, following an increase of 26,000 in February. Elsewhere among service-providing industries, employment continued to trend up in food services and in credit intermediation. Following strong growth in February, retail trade employment was about unchanged in March. The industry has added 89,000 jobs over the year. In March, job losses continued in air transportation; this industry has lost 127,000 jobs since its peak in April 2001. - 4 - Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data) The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.7 hours in March, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek declined by 0.1 hour to 40.5 hours. Manufacturing overtime fell by 0.2 hour over the month to 4.4 hours. (See table B-2.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 percent in March to 101.8 (2002=100). The manufacturing index was down by 0.2 percent over the month to 93.8. (See table B-5.) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 4 cents in March to $15.95, seasonally adjusted. Average weekly earnings increased by 0.3 percent over the month to $537.52. Over the year, average hourly earnings and average weekly earnings each grew by 2.6 percent. (See table B-3.) ______________________________ The Employment Situation for April 2005 is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 6, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT). - 5 - Explanatory Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the informa- tion on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 house- holds conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with state agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses and government agencies covering ap- proximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establish- ment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, pro- fession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. - 6 - Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from pri- vate nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and method- ological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the sur- veys. Among these are: --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because in- dividuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The ef- fect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctua- tions may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by ad- justing the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make non- seasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to ana- lyze changes in economic activity. - 7 - Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most super- sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating in- dependently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by di- rectly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the en- tire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 stand- ard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -330,000 to 530,000 (100,000 +/- 430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, oc- curred. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent con- fidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of esti- mates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can also im- prove the stability of the monthly estimates. - 8 - The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component uses business deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of busi- ness, but imputing to them the same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was de- rived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.2 percent, ranging from less than 0.05 percent to 0.5 percent. Additional statistics and other information More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order pay- able to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or Visa. Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the household and establishment survey data published in this release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its "Explanatory Notes." For the establish- ment survey data, the sampling error measures and the actual size of re- visions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables 2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 222,550 225,041 225,236 222,550 224,422 224,640 224,837 225,041 225,236 Civilian labor force............................ 146,525 147,649 147,745 146,737 148,313 148,203 147,979 148,132 148,157 Participation rate........................ 65.8 65.6 65.6 65.9 66.1 66.0 65.8 65.8 65.8 Employed...................................... 137,691 139,100 139,759 138,408 140,293 140,156 140,241 140,144 140,501 Employment-population ratio............... 61.9 61.8 62.0 62.2 62.5 62.4 62.4 62.3 62.4 Unemployed.................................... 8,834 8,549 7,986 8,330 8,020 8,047 7,737 7,988 7,656 Unemployment rate......................... 6.0 5.8 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.2 Not in labor force.............................. 76,025 77,392 77,492 75,812 76,109 76,437 76,858 76,909 77,079 Persons who currently want a job.............. 4,667 4,844 4,858 4,817 5,087 5,021 4,982 4,995 5,001 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 107,281 108,598 108,703 107,281 108,276 108,392 108,489 108,598 108,703 Civilian labor force............................ 78,283 78,950 79,242 78,590 79,602 79,412 79,146 79,373 79,598 Participation rate........................ 73.0 72.7 72.9 73.3 73.5 73.3 73.0 73.1 73.2 Employed...................................... 73,244 73,990 74,612 74,062 75,188 74,938 74,934 74,964 75,375 Employment-population ratio............... 68.3 68.1 68.6 69.0 69.4 69.1 69.1 69.0 69.3 Unemployed.................................... 5,039 4,959 4,631 4,527 4,414 4,474 4,212 4,410 4,224 Unemployment rate......................... 6.4 6.3 5.8 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.3 5.6 5.3 Not in labor force.............................. 28,998 29,648 29,460 28,691 28,674 28,981 29,342 29,224 29,104 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 99,065 100,321 100,419 99,065 100,017 100,126 100,219 100,321 100,419 Civilian labor force............................ 74,991 75,640 75,802 75,035 75,866 75,754 75,594 75,816 75,921 Participation rate........................ 75.7 75.4 75.5 75.7 75.9 75.7 75.4 75.6 75.6 Employed...................................... 70,586 71,413 71,893 71,158 72,134 72,020 72,029 72,131 72,429 Employment-population ratio............... 71.3 71.2 71.6 71.8 72.1 71.9 71.9 71.9 72.1 Unemployed.................................... 4,405 4,228 3,909 3,877 3,733 3,733 3,565 3,685 3,492 Unemployment rate......................... 5.9 5.6 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.6 Not in labor force.............................. 24,074 24,680 24,616 24,029 24,151 24,372 24,625 24,505 24,498 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 115,269 116,443 116,534 115,269 116,146 116,247 116,348 116,443 116,534 Civilian labor force............................ 68,241 68,699 68,503 68,148 68,711 68,791 68,832 68,759 68,559 Participation rate........................ 59.2 59.0 58.8 59.1 59.2 59.2 59.2 59.0 58.8 Employed...................................... 64,447 65,109 65,147 64,345 65,104 65,218 65,307 65,180 65,127 Employment-population ratio............... 55.9 55.9 55.9 55.8 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.0 55.9 Unemployed.................................... 3,794 3,590 3,356 3,803 3,606 3,573 3,525 3,579 3,432 Unemployment rate......................... 5.6 5.2 4.9 5.6 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.0 Not in labor force.............................. 47,028 47,744 48,031 47,121 47,436 47,456 47,516 47,684 47,975 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 107,299 108,403 108,486 107,299 108,129 108,221 108,316 108,403 108,486 Civilian labor force............................ 65,036 65,411 65,225 64,723 65,244 65,260 65,318 65,270 65,051 Participation rate........................ 60.6 60.3 60.1 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.2 60.0 Employed...................................... 61,703 62,292 62,295 61,424 62,145 62,208 62,295 62,202 62,099 Employment-population ratio............... 57.5 57.5 57.4 57.2 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.4 57.2 Unemployed.................................... 3,333 3,119 2,930 3,299 3,099 3,051 3,023 3,068 2,952 Unemployment rate......................... 5.1 4.8 4.5 5.1 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.5 Not in labor force.............................. 42,264 42,992 43,261 42,576 42,885 42,961 42,998 43,133 43,435 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 16,186 16,317 16,332 16,186 16,275 16,293 16,302 16,317 16,332 Civilian labor force............................ 6,498 6,598 6,718 6,979 7,202 7,189 7,066 7,046 7,185 Participation rate........................ 40.1 40.4 41.1 43.1 44.2 44.1 43.3 43.2 44.0 Employed...................................... 5,402 5,395 5,570 5,825 6,014 5,927 5,917 5,811 5,973 Employment-population ratio............... 33.4 33.1 34.1 36.0 36.9 36.4 36.3 35.6 36.6 Unemployed.................................... 1,096 1,203 1,147 1,154 1,188 1,262 1,150 1,235 1,212 Unemployment rate......................... 16.9 18.2 17.1 16.5 16.5 17.6 16.3 17.5 16.9 Not in labor force.............................. 9,688 9,719 9,614 9,207 9,074 9,104 9,235 9,271 9,147 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, race, sex, and age Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 182,121 183,767 183,888 182,121 183,340 183,483 183,640 183,767 183,888 Civilian labor force............................ 120,455 121,293 121,193 120,598 121,606 121,509 121,553 121,621 121,484 Participation rate.......................... 66.1 66.0 65.9 66.2 66.3 66.2 66.2 66.2 66.1 Employed...................................... 113,921 115,188 115,529 114,500 115,966 115,910 116,158 116,022 116,135 Employment-population ratio................. 62.6 62.7 62.8 62.9 63.3 63.2 63.3 63.1 63.2 Unemployed.................................... 6,533 6,105 5,664 6,098 5,640 5,600 5,395 5,598 5,349 Unemployment rate........................... 5.4 5.0 4.7 5.1 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.4 Not in labor force.............................. 61,666 62,474 62,695 61,522 61,735 61,973 62,088 62,146 62,403 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 62,622 63,192 63,355 62,691 63,225 63,199 63,259 63,390 63,497 Participation rate.......................... 76.1 75.9 76.1 76.1 76.2 76.1 76.1 76.2 76.3 Employed...................................... 59,245 60,116 60,460 59,767 60,565 60,570 60,712 60,776 60,965 Employment-population ratio................. 72.0 72.3 72.6 72.6 73.0 72.9 73.0 73.0 73.2 Unemployed.................................... 3,377 3,076 2,894 2,924 2,660 2,629 2,547 2,614 2,532 Unemployment rate........................... 5.4 4.9 4.6 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.0 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 52,388 52,543 52,287 52,059 52,443 52,385 52,414 52,311 52,055 Participation rate.......................... 60.1 59.8 59.4 59.7 59.8 59.7 59.7 59.5 59.2 Employed...................................... 50,053 50,448 50,333 49,751 50,318 50,344 50,392 50,246 50,096 Employment-population ratio................. 57.4 57.4 57.2 57.1 57.4 57.3 57.4 57.2 56.9 Unemployed.................................... 2,335 2,094 1,954 2,307 2,125 2,040 2,022 2,066 1,959 Unemployment rate........................... 4.5 4.0 3.7 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 5,445 5,559 5,551 5,849 5,938 5,926 5,879 5,919 5,932 Participation rate.......................... 43.3 44.0 43.9 46.5 47.0 46.9 46.5 46.8 46.9 Employed...................................... 4,623 4,624 4,736 4,982 5,083 4,995 5,054 5,001 5,074 Employment-population ratio................. 36.7 36.6 37.4 39.6 40.3 39.5 40.0 39.5 40.1 Unemployed.................................... 822 934 815 867 855 931 825 918 858 Unemployment rate........................... 15.1 16.8 14.7 14.8 14.4 15.7 14.0 15.5 14.5 BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 25,932 26,342 26,377 25,932 26,239 26,273 26,306 26,342 26,377 Civilian labor force............................ 16,531 16,538 16,673 16,603 16,728 16,713 16,721 16,708 16,741 Participation rate.......................... 63.7 62.8 63.2 64.0 63.8 63.6 63.6 63.4 63.5 Employed...................................... 14,793 14,688 14,917 14,917 14,913 14,907 14,946 14,890 15,025 Employment-population ratio................. 57.0 55.8 56.6 57.5 56.8 56.7 56.8 56.5 57.0 Unemployed.................................... 1,738 1,850 1,756 1,685 1,814 1,806 1,775 1,818 1,716 Unemployment rate........................... 10.5 11.2 10.5 10.2 10.8 10.8 10.6 10.9 10.3 Not in labor force.............................. 9,402 9,804 9,704 9,330 9,512 9,559 9,585 9,634 9,636 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,357 7,394 7,388 7,366 7,485 7,473 7,380 7,438 7,403 Participation rate.......................... 70.7 69.9 69.7 70.8 71.0 70.8 69.8 70.3 69.8 Employed...................................... 6,620 6,523 6,660 6,689 6,697 6,677 6,612 6,630 6,719 Employment-population ratio................. 63.7 61.6 62.8 64.3 63.5 63.3 62.6 62.6 63.4 Unemployed.................................... 737 872 728 677 788 796 768 809 684 Unemployment rate........................... 10.0 11.8 9.9 9.2 10.5 10.7 10.4 10.9 9.2 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 8,491 8,476 8,497 8,500 8,438 8,477 8,532 8,527 8,507 Participation rate.......................... 64.7 63.7 63.8 64.8 63.6 63.9 64.2 64.1 63.9 Employed...................................... 7,702 7,700 7,736 7,713 7,675 7,702 7,770 7,751 7,746 Employment-population ratio................. 58.7 57.9 58.1 58.8 57.9 58.0 58.5 58.3 58.2 Unemployed.................................... 789 776 761 787 763 775 763 776 761 Unemployment rate........................... 9.3 9.2 9.0 9.3 9.0 9.1 8.9 9.1 8.9 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 683 668 788 737 804 763 808 742 831 Participation rate.......................... 28.3 27.2 32.0 30.6 33.0 31.2 33.0 30.2 33.8 Employed...................................... 471 465 521 515 542 528 564 509 560 Employment-population ratio................. 19.6 19.0 21.2 21.4 22.2 21.6 23.0 20.7 22.8 Unemployed.................................... 212 202 267 222 263 235 244 233 271 Unemployment rate........................... 31.0 30.3 33.8 30.1 32.7 30.8 30.2 31.5 32.6 ASIAN Civilian noninstutional population................ 9,395 9,659 9,732 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Civilian labor force............................ 6,235 6,378 6,423 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 66.4 66.0 66.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 5,971 6,092 6,175 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 63.6 63.1 63.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 264 286 248 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 4.2 4.5 3.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Not in labor force.............................. 3,160 3,281 3,309 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 27,791 28,729 28,815 27,791 28,520 28,608 28,642 28,729 28,815 Civilian labor force............................ 19,053 19,385 19,531 19,036 19,552 19,544 19,379 19,458 19,541 Participation rate.......................... 68.6 67.5 67.8 68.5 68.6 68.3 67.7 67.7 67.8 Employed...................................... 17,534 18,031 18,331 17,633 18,238 18,252 18,198 18,211 18,425 Employment-population ratio................. 63.1 62.8 63.6 63.5 63.9 63.8 63.5 63.4 63.9 Unemployed.................................... 1,519 1,354 1,200 1,403 1,313 1,292 1,181 1,248 1,117 Unemployment rate........................... 8.0 7.0 6.1 7.4 6.7 6.6 6.1 6.4 5.7 Not in labor force.............................. 8,738 9,344 9,284 8,755 8,968 9,064 9,263 9,270 9,273 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 10,857 11,143 11,303 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 84.0 83.2 84.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 10,125 10,508 10,706 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 78.4 78.5 79.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 732 635 597 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 6.7 5.7 5.3 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,261 7,266 7,264 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 59.1 57.3 57.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 6,689 6,754 6,842 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 54.5 53.2 53.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 572 512 422 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 7.9 7.1 5.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 935 976 964 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 36.2 36.8 36.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 720 769 783 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 27.8 29.0 29.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 215 207 181 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 23.0 21.2 18.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force...................... 12,397 12,269 12,481 12,356 12,722 12,814 12,575 12,581 12,501 Participation rate.................... 45.1 44.3 45.0 44.9 45.3 45.0 44.7 45.4 45.0 Employed................................ 11,155 11,142 11,377 11,273 11,703 11,746 11,637 11,595 11,528 Employment-population ratio........... 40.6 40.2 41.0 41.0 41.6 41.3 41.4 41.9 41.5 Unemployed.............................. 1,242 1,126 1,104 1,084 1,019 1,068 938 986 973 Unemployment rate..................... 10.0 9.2 8.8 8.8 8.0 8.3 7.5 7.8 7.8 High school graduates, no college (1) Civilian labor force...................... 37,778 38,230 38,339 37,707 37,630 37,695 37,729 38,077 38,173 Participation rate.................... 63.3 63.0 62.9 63.2 63.1 63.1 62.2 62.7 62.6 Employed................................ 35,576 36,101 36,345 35,727 35,788 35,846 35,943 36,223 36,378 Employment-population ratio........... 59.6 59.5 59.6 59.9 60.0 60.0 59.2 59.7 59.7 Unemployed.............................. 2,202 2,129 1,994 1,980 1,842 1,849 1,786 1,854 1,795 Unemployment rate..................... 5.8 5.6 5.2 5.3 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.7 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force...................... 34,475 35,071 34,879 34,475 34,549 34,483 34,524 34,842 34,863 Participation rate.................... 73.0 72.8 72.9 73.0 72.4 72.3 73.0 72.4 72.9 Employed................................ 32,794 33,529 33,459 32,861 33,051 32,995 33,117 33,387 33,484 Employment-population ratio........... 69.5 69.6 70.0 69.6 69.3 69.2 70.0 69.4 70.0 Unemployed.............................. 1,681 1,543 1,421 1,613 1,498 1,487 1,407 1,455 1,380 Unemployment rate..................... 4.9 4.4 4.1 4.7 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.0 Bachelor's degree and higher (2) Civilian labor force...................... 40,535 40,621 40,537 40,309 41,131 41,026 40,907 40,534 40,395 Participation rate.................... 78.2 78.2 77.8 77.8 78.5 78.7 78.4 78.0 77.5 Employed................................ 39,414 39,657 39,589 39,147 40,090 40,009 39,925 39,563 39,411 Employment-population ratio........... 76.1 76.4 76.0 75.5 76.5 76.7 76.5 76.2 75.7 Unemployed.............................. 1,120 964 948 1,162 1,041 1,018 982 972 985 Unemployment rate..................... 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.9 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries....... 2,025 1,889 2,025 2,180 2,212 2,179 2,120 2,145 2,187 Wage and salary workers................ 1,125 1,023 1,090 1,268 1,204 1,185 1,181 1,208 1,224 Self-employed workers.................. 880 845 914 914 952 963 904 903 948 Unpaid family workers.................. 20 22 21 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Nonagricultural industries............... 135,666 137,211 137,734 136,192 138,068 137,973 138,112 138,005 138,293 Wage and salary workers................ 126,595 127,615 128,138 126,835 128,431 128,459 128,501 128,184 128,400 Government........................... 20,137 20,321 20,483 19,941 20,309 20,270 20,296 20,106 20,249 Private industries................... 106,458 107,294 107,654 106,868 108,120 108,257 108,219 107,978 108,085 Private households................. 767 777 762 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Other industries................... 105,691 106,517 106,893 106,072 107,360 107,492 107,414 107,162 107,286 Self-employed workers.................. 8,955 9,468 9,498 9,243 9,505 9,473 9,514 9,709 9,767 Unpaid family workers.................. 116 127 98 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME (2) All industries: Part time for economic reasons......... 4,868 4,487 4,514 4,708 4,533 4,474 4,395 4,269 4,344 Slack work or business conditions.... 3,163 2,820 2,795 2,984 2,761 2,735 2,768 2,629 2,643 Could only find part-time work....... 1,430 1,315 1,455 1,430 1,420 1,440 1,329 1,296 1,419 Part time for noneconomic reasons...... 19,616 20,145 19,955 19,091 19,499 19,502 19,089 19,555 19,458 Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons......... 4,750 4,380 4,433 4,595 4,404 4,382 4,303 4,153 4,268 Slack work or business conditions.... 3,081 2,761 2,745 2,899 2,685 2,682 2,702 2,572 2,592 Could only find part-time work....... 1,423 1,306 1,439 1,415 1,396 1,397 1,309 1,268 1,411 Part time for noneconomic reasons...... 19,276 19,865 19,638 18,791 19,141 19,176 18,765 19,254 19,182 1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Selected employment indicators (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Characteristic Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 Total, 16 years and over.......................... 137,691 139,100 139,759 138,408 140,293 140,156 140,241 140,144 140,501 16 to 19 years.................................. 5,402 5,395 5,570 5,825 6,014 5,927 5,917 5,811 5,973 16 to 17 years................................ 1,944 2,098 2,101 2,189 2,240 2,261 2,267 2,286 2,339 18 to 19 years................................ 3,459 3,297 3,469 3,629 3,739 3,691 3,634 3,533 3,651 20 years and over............................... 132,289 133,704 134,188 132,583 134,279 134,229 134,325 134,333 134,528 20 to 24 years................................ 13,350 13,275 13,419 13,613 13,818 13,851 13,702 13,531 13,684 25 years and over............................. 118,939 120,429 120,769 118,936 120,455 120,421 120,669 120,758 120,775 25 to 54 years.............................. 96,855 97,598 97,789 96,988 97,885 97,701 98,049 97,986 97,954 25 to 34 years............................ 30,163 30,359 30,228 30,300 30,495 30,504 30,683 30,581 30,400 35 to 44 years............................ 34,460 34,404 34,575 34,470 34,739 34,632 34,589 34,524 34,587 45 to 54 years............................ 32,232 32,835 32,986 32,218 32,651 32,566 32,776 32,881 32,968 55 years and over........................... 22,084 22,832 22,980 21,948 22,571 22,719 22,620 22,772 22,821 Men, 16 years and over............................ 73,244 73,990 74,612 74,062 75,188 74,938 74,934 74,964 75,375 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,658 2,578 2,718 2,904 3,055 2,917 2,905 2,833 2,946 16 to 17 years................................ 871 950 997 1,008 1,117 1,049 1,068 1,057 1,130 18 to 19 years................................ 1,787 1,628 1,721 1,887 1,914 1,862 1,825 1,779 1,828 20 years and over............................... 70,586 71,413 71,893 71,158 72,134 72,020 72,029 72,131 72,429 20 to 24 years................................ 7,027 6,957 7,028 7,200 7,295 7,354 7,181 7,131 7,193 25 years and over............................. 63,559 64,455 64,865 63,932 64,823 64,704 64,900 65,012 65,201 25 to 54 years.............................. 51,795 52,346 52,572 52,167 52,695 52,563 52,840 52,837 52,933 25 to 34 years............................ 16,522 16,681 16,580 16,719 16,851 16,818 16,902 16,905 16,795 35 to 44 years............................ 18,529 18,565 18,681 18,652 18,799 18,719 18,769 18,723 18,798 45 to 54 years............................ 16,743 17,100 17,310 16,795 17,045 17,026 17,169 17,208 17,340 55 years and over........................... 11,764 12,109 12,293 11,765 12,128 12,141 12,061 12,175 12,267 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 64,447 65,109 65,147 64,345 65,104 65,218 65,307 65,180 65,127 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,744 2,818 2,852 2,921 2,959 3,010 3,012 2,978 3,028 16 to 17 years................................ 1,073 1,149 1,104 1,181 1,123 1,212 1,199 1,229 1,209 18 to 19 years................................ 1,671 1,669 1,748 1,743 1,826 1,830 1,809 1,754 1,823 20 years and over............................... 61,703 62,292 62,295 61,424 62,145 62,208 62,295 62,202 62,099 20 to 24 years................................ 6,322 6,318 6,391 6,413 6,523 6,497 6,521 6,400 6,491 25 years and over............................. 55,380 55,974 55,904 55,004 55,633 55,716 55,769 55,746 55,575 25 to 54 years.............................. 45,061 45,252 45,217 44,822 45,190 45,138 45,209 45,149 45,021 25 to 34 years............................ 13,641 13,678 13,647 13,581 13,644 13,686 13,782 13,676 13,604 35 to 44 years............................ 15,931 15,838 15,894 15,818 15,940 15,912 15,820 15,800 15,789 45 to 54 years............................ 15,488 15,735 15,676 15,423 15,606 15,540 15,608 15,673 15,628 55 years and over........................... 10,320 10,722 10,687 10,183 10,443 10,578 10,560 10,597 10,554 Married men, spouse present....................... 44,793 45,160 45,199 45,000 45,462 45,315 45,171 45,351 45,382 Married women, spouse present..................... 34,533 34,754 34,431 34,283 34,961 34,878 34,739 34,601 34,307 Women who maintain families....................... 8,768 8,969 8,909 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Full-time workers (2)............................. 112,756 114,022 114,431 113,957 115,415 115,585 115,858 115,370 115,669 Part-time workers (3)............................. 24,935 25,078 25,328 24,361 24,940 24,728 24,220 24,626 24,727 1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons Unemployment rates (1) (in thousands) Characteristic Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 Total, 16 years and over.......................... 8,330 7,988 7,656 5.7 5.4 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.2 16 to 19 years.................................. 1,154 1,235 1,212 16.5 16.5 17.6 16.3 17.5 16.9 16 to 17 years................................ 538 595 564 19.7 21.2 20.6 19.3 20.6 19.4 18 to 19 years................................ 611 649 642 14.4 13.5 15.4 14.4 15.5 15.0 20 years and over............................... 7,176 6,753 6,444 5.1 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.6 20 to 24 years................................ 1,440 1,511 1,357 9.6 9.2 8.9 9.5 10.0 9.0 25 years and over............................. 5,741 5,278 5,088 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.0 25 to 54 years.............................. 4,934 4,423 4,284 4.8 4.4 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.2 25 to 34 years............................ 1,885 1,673 1,718 5.9 5.6 5.6 5.0 5.2 5.3 35 to 44 years............................ 1,709 1,531 1,397 4.7 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 3.9 45 to 54 years............................ 1,340 1,218 1,169 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.4 55 years and over........................... 861 854 831 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5 Men, 16 years and over............................ 4,527 4,410 4,224 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.3 5.6 5.3 16 to 19 years.................................. 650 725 732 18.3 18.2 20.3 18.2 20.4 19.9 16 to 17 years................................ 291 352 336 22.4 23.0 24.3 22.0 25.0 22.9 18 to 19 years................................ 355 382 388 15.8 14.8 17.8 16.1 17.7 17.5 20 years and over............................... 3,877 3,685 3,492 5.2 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.6 20 to 24 years................................ 813 907 770 10.1 9.8 9.0 10.2 11.3 9.7 25 years and over............................. 3,092 2,810 2,747 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.0 4.1 4.0 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,620 2,336 2,290 4.8 4.4 4.6 4.1 4.2 4.1 25 to 34 years............................ 1,034 896 914 5.8 5.4 5.7 4.7 5.0 5.2 35 to 44 years............................ 906 797 754 4.6 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.1 3.9 45 to 54 years............................ 679 643 622 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.6 3.5 55 years and over........................... 472 474 458 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.9 3.7 3.6 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 3,803 3,579 3,432 5.6 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.0 16 to 19 years.................................. 504 510 480 14.7 14.6 14.8 14.3 14.6 13.7 16 to 17 years................................ 246 243 228 17.3 19.3 17.2 16.8 16.5 15.8 18 to 19 years................................ 256 267 254 12.8 12.1 12.9 12.7 13.2 12.2 20 years and over............................... 3,299 3,068 2,952 5.1 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.5 20 to 24 years................................ 627 605 587 8.9 8.5 8.9 8.7 8.6 8.3 25 years and over............................. 2,649 2,468 2,341 4.6 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.0 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,314 2,086 1,994 4.9 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.2 25 to 34 years............................ 851 777 804 5.9 5.9 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.6 35 to 44 years............................ 803 734 643 4.8 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.4 3.9 45 to 54 years............................ 660 575 547 4.1 3.6 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.4 55 years and over (2)....................... 372 386 356 3.5 3.6 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.2 Married men, spouse present....................... 1,494 1,402 1,390 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 Married women, spouse present..................... 1,304 1,140 1,064 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.0 Women who maintain families (2)................... 800 783 772 8.4 7.7 7.1 8.2 8.0 8.0 Full-time workers (3)............................. 6,961 6,569 6,224 5.8 5.4 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.1 Part-time workers (4)............................. 1,379 1,419 1,406 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.4 1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Reason Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs........................................... 4,920 4,461 4,067 4,475 4,066 4,108 4,048 3,980 3,784 On temporary layoff............................. 1,266 1,330 1,181 1,035 941 965 966 965 961 Not on temporary layoff......................... 3,654 3,130 2,885 3,440 3,124 3,144 3,082 3,015 2,823 Permanent job losers.......................... 2,784 2,201 2,113 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Persons who completed temporary jobs.......... 870 929 772 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Job leavers....................................... 866 976 872 845 880 898 819 965 855 Reentrants........................................ 2,491 2,488 2,427 2,419 2,388 2,361 2,324 2,405 2,364 New entrants...................................... 556 624 620 629 723 709 624 745 711 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs........................................... 55.7 52.2 50.9 53.5 50.5 50.9 51.8 49.2 49.1 On temporary layoff............................ 14.3 15.6 14.8 12.4 11.7 11.9 12.4 11.9 12.5 Not on temporary layoff........................ 41.4 36.6 36.1 41.1 38.8 38.9 39.4 37.2 36.6 Job leavers...................................... 9.8 11.4 10.9 10.1 10.9 11.1 10.5 11.9 11.1 Reentrants....................................... 28.2 29.1 30.4 28.9 29.6 29.2 29.7 29.7 30.6 New entrants..................................... 6.3 7.3 7.8 7.5 9.0 8.8 8.0 9.2 9.2 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs........................................... 3.4 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 Job leavers...................................... .6 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .7 .6 Reentrants....................................... 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 New entrants..................................... .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .5 .4 .5 .5 1 Data not available. NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Duration Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks................................. 2,413 2,629 2,274 2,623 2,611 2,865 2,599 2,755 2,531 5 to 14 weeks..................................... 2,666 2,789 2,553 2,417 2,361 2,264 2,343 2,317 2,319 15 weeks and over................................. 3,754 3,132 3,160 3,321 3,012 2,961 2,824 2,888 2,817 15 to 26 weeks................................. 1,683 1,445 1,443 1,330 1,294 1,325 1,201 1,255 1,165 27 weeks and over.............................. 2,071 1,687 1,717 1,991 1,718 1,636 1,623 1,633 1,652 Average (mean) duration, in weeks................. 20.8 19.2 20.4 19.9 19.8 19.3 19.3 19.1 19.5 Median duration, in weeks......................... 11.8 9.8 10.7 10.2 9.8 9.5 9.4 9.3 9.3 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than 5 weeks............................... 27.3 30.7 28.5 31.4 32.7 35.4 33.5 34.6 33.0 5 to 14 weeks................................... 30.2 32.6 32.0 28.9 29.6 28.0 30.2 29.1 30.3 15 weeks and over............................... 42.5 36.6 39.6 39.7 37.7 36.6 36.4 36.3 36.7 15 to 26 weeks................................ 19.1 16.9 18.1 15.9 16.2 16.4 15.5 15.8 15.2 27 weeks and over............................. 23.4 19.7 21.5 23.8 21.5 20.2 20.9 20.5 21.5 NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Unemployment Employed Unemployed rates Occupation Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 Total, 16 years and over (1)................................ 137,691 139,759 8,834 7,986 6.0 5.4 Management, professional, and related occupations................ 48,810 48,755 1,340 1,142 2.7 2.3 Management, business, and financial operations occupations..... 20,228 20,240 550 494 2.6 2.4 Professional and related occupations........................... 28,582 28,516 791 647 2.7 2.2 Service occupations.............................................. 22,102 22,577 1,770 1,686 7.4 6.9 Sales and office occupations..................................... 35,018 35,503 2,215 1,810 5.9 4.9 Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,711 16,382 1,034 823 6.2 4.8 Office and administrative support occupations.................. 19,307 19,121 1,181 988 5.8 4.9 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations..... 13,908 14,864 1,469 1,354 9.6 8.3 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 858 881 187 139 17.9 13.7 Construction and extraction occupations........................ 7,979 8,690 1,003 975 11.2 10.1 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.............. 5,071 5,293 279 239 5.2 4.3 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations...... 17,853 18,059 1,464 1,352 7.6 7.0 Production occupations......................................... 9,484 9,464 750 747 7.3 7.3 Transportation and material moving occupations................. 8,369 8,595 714 605 7.9 6.6 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry, not seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed Unemployment persons rates Industry (in thousands) Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. 2004 2005 2004 2005 Total, 16 years and over (1)............... 8,834 7,986 6.0 5.4 Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers... 7,334 6,446 6.4 5.6 Mining.......................................... 22 32 4.4 5.2 Construction.................................... 1,011 961 11.3 10.3 Manufacturing................................... 1,083 879 6.3 5.3 Durable goods................................. 676 507 6.4 4.8 Nondurable goods.............................. 408 372 6.1 6.1 Wholesale and retail trade...................... 1,386 1,173 6.8 5.6 Transportation and utilities.................... 284 267 5.4 4.8 Information..................................... 216 177 6.3 6.0 Financial activities............................ 343 261 3.7 2.7 Professional and business services.............. 999 807 7.9 6.5 Education and health services................... 584 614 3.2 3.4 Leisure and hospitality......................... 1,039 967 9.0 8.3 Other services.................................. 366 308 5.9 5.0 Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers........................................ 153 139 12.7 11.8 Government workers................................ 530 468 2.6 2.2 Self employed and unpaid family workers........... 260 312 2.5 2.9 1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization (Percent) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Measure Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force................................. 2.6 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force.................... 3.4 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)....................... 6.0 5.8 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.2 U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers..... 6.4 6.1 5.7 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.5 U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers.................................................. 7.1 6.8 6.4 6.7 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.2 U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers......................................... 10.4 9.9 9.4 9.9 9.4 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.1 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Total Men Women Category Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force...................................... 76,025 77,492 28,998 29,460 47,028 48,031 Persons who currently want a job................................ 4,667 4,858 2,145 2,183 2,522 2,675 Searched for work and available to work now (1)................ 1,643 1,588 879 807 764 781 Reason not currently looking: Discouragement over job prospects (2)................... 514 480 336 307 177 173 Reasons other than discouragement (3)................ 1,130 1,108 543 500 587 608 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders (4)..................................... 7,377 7,621 3,702 3,832 3,675 3,789 Percent of total employed..................................... 5.4 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.7 5.8 Primary job full time, secondary job part time................ 3,921 3,941 2,182 2,236 1,739 1,706 Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,710 1,765 560 541 1,151 1,224 Primary and secondary jobs both full time..................... 318 250 195 139 123 112 Hours vary on primary or secondary job........................ 1,399 1,618 751 896 648 722 1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibili- ties, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. from: 2004 2005 2005p 2005p 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005p 2005p Feb. 2005- Mar. 2005p Total nonfarm......... 130,019 130,495 131,328 132,145 130,786 132,294 132,449 132,573 132,816 132,926 110 Total private........... 108,027 108,875 109,280 109,981 109,204 110,588 110,749 110,863 111,075 111,176 101 Goods-producing............. 21,341 21,423 21,469 21,647 21,773 21,996 22,022 22,004 22,056 22,080 24 Natural resources and mining.... 570 592 597 606 585 599 602 607 613 619 6 Logging...................... 64.3 66.0 65.6 65.1 69.0 66.9 67.9 68.0 67.9 69.2 1.3 Mining......................... 505.4 526.1 531.1 540.6 515.7 532.5 534.4 538.7 544.7 550.0 5.3 Oil and gas extraction........ 120.4 122.2 122.5 123.2 121.4 124.4 124.1 123.4 123.0 124.2 1.2 Mining, except oil and gas(1). 196.4 204.5 206.1 209.4 202.9 210.7 211.3 212.9 215.0 215.4 .4 Coal mining.................. 68.7 75.3 75.4 75.4 69.4 73.7 73.9 75.4 75.8 75.7 -.1 Support activities for mining. 188.6 199.4 202.5 208.0 191.4 197.4 199.0 202.4 206.7 210.4 3.7 Construction.................... 6,551 6,651 6,661 6,796 6,897 7,060 7,086 7,090 7,121 7,147 26 Construction of buildings..... 1,547.7 1,621.3 1,620.3 1,637.6 1,608.5 1,668.3 1,678.9 1,682.4 1,690.3 1,697.6 7.3 Residential building......... 844.4 896.0 892.8 906.9 877.7 918.4 927.4 929.1 933.3 940.0 6.7 Nonresidential building...... 703.3 725.3 727.5 730.7 730.8 749.9 751.5 753.3 757.0 757.6 .6 Heavy and civil engineering construction................. 817.7 797.1 796.7 825.5 903.1 906.4 907.8 908.2 907.7 910.5 2.8 Specialty trade contractors... 4,185.5 4,233.0 4,244.3 4,333.0 4,385.1 4,484.8 4,499.2 4,499.6 4,523.4 4,538.5 15.1 Residential specialty trade contractors................. 1,987.8 2,003.6 2,018.2 2,057.6 2,079.8 2,121.5 2,125.5 2,128.2 2,142.0 2,149.5 7.5 Nonresidential specialty trade contractors........... 2,197.7 2,229.4 2,226.1 2,275.5 2,305.3 2,363.3 2,373.7 2,371.4 2,381.4 2,389.0 7.6 Manufacturing................... 14,220 14,180 14,211 14,245 14,291 14,337 14,334 14,307 14,322 14,314 -8 Production workers........... 9,970 9,974 9,998 10,031 10,028 10,104 10,097 10,082 10,087 10,092 5 Durable goods.................. 8,844 8,879 8,912 8,934 8,873 8,954 8,957 8,942 8,964 8,962 -2 Production workers........... 6,065 6,111 6,139 6,168 6,085 6,166 6,170 6,166 6,179 6,189 10 Wood products................. 535.2 543.0 544.8 548.4 544.0 553.3 555.2 554.7 555.0 557.2 2.2 Nonmetallic mineral products.. 485.5 484.8 483.1 489.1 497.1 507.9 506.5 504.5 503.2 501.6 -1.6 Primary metals................ 463.6 464.9 465.7 465.9 464.2 465.8 465.2 465.5 466.6 466.2 -.4 Fabricated metal products..... 1,475.8 1,507.0 1,508.0 1,515.8 1,479.4 1,510.9 1,512.8 1,514.3 1,515.0 1,520.1 5.1 Machinery..................... 1,133.4 1,145.4 1,146.2 1,151.0 1,132.6 1,147.4 1,146.0 1,145.9 1,147.5 1,150.1 2.6 Computer and electronic products(1).................. 1,317.4 1,324.5 1,325.5 1,325.0 1,319.5 1,327.1 1,325.8 1,327.0 1,327.6 1,326.9 -.7 Computer and peripheral equipment................... 213.3 211.0 211.0 211.0 213.3 209.3 210.4 210.2 211.3 210.8 -.5 Communications equipment..... 148.0 155.4 155.1 153.0 148.7 152.7 153.7 155.1 154.4 153.4 -1.0 Semiconductors and electronic components.................. 448.7 445.1 445.5 446.4 449.7 451.9 448.0 447.4 447.3 447.9 .6 Electronic instruments....... 427.4 435.4 435.8 436.4 427.8 435.6 435.7 436.4 436.5 437.0 .5 Electrical equipment and appliances................... 444.9 444.9 442.4 442.4 445.3 447.4 445.8 445.1 443.7 442.9 -.8 Transportation equipment(1)... 1,765.4 1,749.1 1,777.8 1,781.3 1,764.4 1,767.2 1,771.9 1,760.1 1,781.9 1,779.3 -2.6 Motor vehicles and parts(2).. 1,119.1 1,085.1 1,108.3 1,107.7 1,116.0 1,104.1 1,104.0 1,092.9 1,109.2 1,104.3 -4.9 Furniture and related products 570.5 566.3 566.0 564.9 572.2 572.2 571.7 570.3 568.6 566.2 -2.4 Miscellaneous manufacturing... 652.6 649.3 652.2 650.0 654.5 654.7 656.4 654.3 654.5 651.9 -2.6 Nondurable goods............... 5,376 5,301 5,299 5,311 5,418 5,383 5,377 5,365 5,358 5,352 -6 Production workers........... 3,905 3,863 3,859 3,863 3,943 3,938 3,927 3,916 3,908 3,903 -5 Food manufacturing............ 1,470.3 1,470.1 1,464.8 1,467.5 1,498.8 1,493.6 1,498.8 1,494.3 1,494.2 1,495.4 1.2 Beverages and tobacco products 189.4 187.3 187.0 184.9 194.4 195.1 193.0 192.2 192.1 190.4 -1.7 Textile mills................. 241.2 228.2 227.9 227.7 240.7 235.0 233.2 231.5 229.7 227.5 -2.2 Textile product mills......... 177.3 175.1 175.1 176.8 177.2 178.4 178.0 178.1 177.3 176.4 -.9 Apparel....................... 293.6 262.2 264.4 262.5 293.1 273.4 271.9 269.3 266.5 262.0 -4.5 Leather and allied products... 42.8 42.4 42.8 43.1 42.7 43.4 43.1 43.1 43.1 42.9 -.2 Paper and paper products...... 496.4 498.1 497.8 499.8 499.7 498.1 497.9 499.9 501.2 502.9 1.7 Printing and related support activities................... 662.7 654.3 654.1 656.4 665.6 661.3 660.8 659.6 659.4 658.9 -.5 Petroleum and coal products... 109.8 111.1 112.0 113.2 112.0 113.6 113.8 114.5 115.0 115.1 .1 Chemicals..................... 889.5 873.0 873.7 876.2 889.2 882.4 880.5 877.1 875.6 876.0 .4 Plastics and rubber products.. 802.5 798.9 799.0 802.4 804.4 808.6 806.2 804.9 803.5 804.5 1.0 Service-providing........... 108,678 109,072 109,859 110,498 109,013 110,298 110,427 110,569 110,760 110,846 86 Private service-providing.. 86,686 87,452 87,811 88,334 87,431 88,592 88,727 88,859 89,019 89,096 77 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 25,130 25,472 25,331 25,403 25,441 25,621 25,620 25,652 25,701 25,711 10 Wholesale trade................ 5,602.2 5,634.2 5,641.0 5,673.9 5,629.0 5,680.0 5,683.6 5,679.9 5,686.5 5,701.1 14.6 Durable goods................. 2,925.6 2,950.1 2,949.9 2,963.1 2,936.5 2,960.4 2,964.5 2,965.6 2,968.1 2,974.5 6.4 Nondurable goods.............. 1,988.8 1,979.2 1,982.2 2,000.0 2,002.8 2,012.6 2,009.9 2,005.4 2,006.5 2,013.9 7.4 Electronic markets and agents and brokers.................. 687.8 704.9 708.9 710.8 689.7 707.0 709.2 708.9 711.9 712.7 .8 Retail trade...................14,770.8 14,984.5 14,839.5 14,861.6 15,021.3 15,081.4 15,077.0 15,081.2 15,120.3 15,110.6 -9.7 Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)................... 1,891.3 1,881.5 1,887.6 1,900.8 1,903.6 1,901.2 1,905.9 1,907.4 1,910.8 1,912.4 1.6 Automobile dealers........... 1,259.3 1,237.5 1,241.5 1,248.4 1,261.5 1,247.6 1,249.1 1,247.9 1,248.5 1,250.3 1.8 Furniture and home furnishings stores....................... 554.8 565.4 557.8 558.6 558.3 565.6 563.7 562.1 562.1 562.5 .4 Electronics and appliance stores....................... 511.0 524.0 512.3 512.5 512.0 520.3 516.5 516.1 514.3 514.8 .5 Building material and garden supply stores................ 1,192.5 1,187.9 1,203.4 1,229.2 1,219.4 1,240.4 1,243.5 1,248.0 1,263.6 1,256.8 -6.8 Food and beverage stores...... 2,796.7 2,813.1 2,806.2 2,799.6 2,829.9 2,822.7 2,819.8 2,826.0 2,829.2 2,830.8 1.6 Health and personal care stores....................... 936.7 945.2 946.5 940.0 942.1 944.5 946.6 944.8 949.3 945.6 -3.7 Gasoline stations............. 869.3 863.4 861.2 865.9 879.5 873.7 871.3 872.9 874.1 875.5 1.4 Clothing and clothing accessories stores........... 1,310.5 1,380.1 1,339.5 1,343.5 1,347.7 1,377.9 1,381.3 1,375.5 1,381.5 1,381.8 .3 Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores............. 626.2 646.4 623.3 621.3 641.3 639.0 635.8 637.7 636.3 635.8 -.5 General merchandise stores(1). 2,766.0 2,853.5 2,777.6 2,780.2 2,845.1 2,854.9 2,852.9 2,853.5 2,861.3 2,857.4 -3.9 Department stores............ 1,555.5 1,634.0 1,570.1 1,565.3 1,611.1 1,619.1 1,619.3 1,619.1 1,623.2 1,619.7 -3.5 Miscellaneous store retailers. 895.8 903.9 908.4 896.0 917.1 917.4 918.2 918.7 918.6 918.0 -.6 Nonstore retailers............ 420.0 420.1 415.7 414.0 425.3 423.8 421.5 418.5 419.2 419.2 .0 Transportation and warehousing. 4,190.1 4,280.2 4,277.3 4,292.9 4,221.5 4,289.6 4,288.0 4,316.0 4,317.8 4,323.8 6.0 Air transportation............ 513.2 506.1 504.6 502.2 515.9 514.6 512.3 509.4 508.1 504.7 -3.4 Rail transportation........... 221.8 221.7 221.5 221.8 223.4 224.6 224.0 224.4 223.7 223.6 -.1 Water transportation.......... 53.7 57.5 56.0 56.4 55.6 57.8 58.6 59.8 58.7 58.7 .0 Truck transportation.......... 1,312.7 1,345.4 1,345.5 1,356.1 1,339.2 1,358.9 1,366.5 1,372.6 1,377.0 1,381.7 4.7 Transit and ground passenger transportation............... 400.0 402.4 402.1 403.3 383.5 389.4 391.0 391.7 390.2 387.9 -2.3 Pipeline transportation....... 38.2 39.3 39.1 39.3 38.5 39.0 38.7 39.3 39.3 39.5 .2 Scenic and sightseeing transportation............... 21.5 18.3 18.6 20.3 26.6 26.1 26.6 24.2 24.6 26.0 1.4 Support activities for transportation............... 527.1 544.7 548.4 551.1 531.4 544.6 547.0 549.3 551.0 554.6 3.6 Couriers and messengers....... 553.8 577.4 573.1 576.4 557.3 568.7 556.4 577.5 576.1 578.0 1.9 Warehousing and storage....... 548.1 567.4 568.4 566.0 550.1 565.9 566.9 567.8 569.1 569.1 .0 Utilities...................... 567.1 572.8 573.4 574.2 569.0 570.2 571.3 574.7 576.2 575.8 -.4 Information..................... 3,126 3,105 3,102 3,118 3,136 3,133 3,127 3,123 3,121 3,128 7 Publishing industries, except Internet..................... 909.2 901.3 903.2 904.6 910.4 908.9 905.7 905.0 905.5 906.1 .6 Motion picture and sound recording industries......... 374.0 370.6 364.6 375.6 380.4 390.6 384.8 380.3 376.6 383.1 6.5 Broadcasting, except Internet. 323.8 331.2 329.4 331.2 324.2 329.4 329.7 331.3 331.0 331.6 .6 Internet publishing and broadcasting................. 29.2 34.5 34.1 35.6 29.2 33.6 34.0 34.8 34.6 35.6 1.0 Telecommunications............ 1,052.5 1,028.0 1,029.9 1,028.3 1,054.7 1,030.0 1,031.5 1,030.8 1,030.5 1,029.2 -1.3 ISPs, search portals, and data processing................... 387.1 388.8 389.9 392.3 386.9 389.5 390.4 389.9 392.3 392.3 .0 Other information services.... 50.3 50.8 50.4 50.3 50.4 50.7 50.7 51.0 50.9 50.5 -.4 Financial activities............ 7,966 8,092 8,114 8,124 8,005 8,107 8,128 8,150 8,161 8,163 2 Finance and insurance.......... 5,929.0 6,012.0 6,025.7 6,027.4 5,936.9 6,001.3 6,014.5 6,030.9 6,035.4 6,035.6 .2 Monetary authorities - central bank......................... 22.1 20.5 20.2 20.3 22.1 20.9 20.6 20.5 20.4 20.4 .0 Credit intermediation and related activities(1)........ 2,807.3 2,873.1 2,885.0 2,891.9 2,814.0 2,859.2 2,871.9 2,882.7 2,891.8 2,897.9 6.1 Depository credit intermediation(1)........... 1,747.4 1,783.5 1,788.1 1,791.6 1,751.6 1,773.3 1,778.8 1,785.6 1,791.5 1,795.4 3.9 Commercial banking.......... 1,276.9 1,300.3 1,303.4 1,306.0 1,280.6 1,293.1 1,296.8 1,301.6 1,306.1 1,308.7 2.6 Securities, commodity contracts, investments....... 756.6 779.7 782.0 781.5 758.5 776.9 779.7 782.5 782.7 783.7 1.0 Insurance carriers and related activities................... 2,256.8 2,252.8 2,253.0 2,248.5 2,256.2 2,260.4 2,258.1 2,259.6 2,255.6 2,248.9 -6.7 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles........... 86.2 85.9 85.5 85.2 86.1 83.9 84.2 85.6 84.9 84.7 -.2 Real estate and rental and leasing....................... 2,036.5 2,079.5 2,088.6 2,096.2 2,068.1 2,105.5 2,113.6 2,119.0 2,125.4 2,127.3 1.9 Real estate................... 1,382.0 1,412.4 1,421.3 1,424.8 1,400.6 1,434.7 1,437.8 1,439.7 1,443.7 1,444.4 .7 Rental and leasing services... 628.9 642.5 642.4 646.6 641.4 646.0 650.9 654.1 656.7 657.7 1.0 Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets............ 25.6 24.6 24.9 24.8 26.1 24.8 24.9 25.2 25.0 25.2 .2 Professional and business services....................... 15,995 16,302 16,446 16,588 16,184 16,611 16,674 16,694 16,766 16,793 27 Professional and technical services(1)................... 6,770.6 6,899.1 6,973.6 6,977.4 6,696.7 6,834.4 6,869.9 6,882.1 6,896.5 6,903.8 7.3 Legal services............... 1,148.9 1,151.7 1,151.7 1,152.6 1,155.9 1,163.1 1,164.4 1,160.8 1,160.9 1,161.7 .8 Accounting and bookkeeping services.................... 926.5 947.7 995.4 983.0 811.3 816.6 840.8 858.1 856.9 860.4 3.5 Architectural and engineering services.................... 1,225.4 1,263.8 1,267.2 1,277.5 1,242.6 1,284.9 1,289.5 1,286.9 1,292.6 1,296.9 4.3 Computer systems design and related services............ 1,129.4 1,167.6 1,171.0 1,172.1 1,129.3 1,174.1 1,174.3 1,171.8 1,173.3 1,174.2 .9 Management and technical consulting services......... 760.4 779.3 784.5 784.7 765.7 787.8 789.9 789.3 791.7 791.0 -.7 Management of companies and enterprises................... 1,701.5 1,716.2 1,713.7 1,719.6 1,714.5 1,722.5 1,725.6 1,730.7 1,731.0 1,731.9 .9 Administrative and waste services...................... 7,522.9 7,686.2 7,758.7 7,890.7 7,772.9 8,054.3 8,078.0 8,081.6 8,138.2 8,157.3 19.1 Administrative and support services(1).................. 7,204.8 7,367.7 7,438.7 7,571.3 7,448.8 7,728.2 7,751.4 7,755.2 7,811.0 7,831.3 20.3 Employment services(1)....... 3,230.5 3,385.1 3,431.0 3,505.5 3,358.1 3,570.5 3,584.5 3,595.9 3,632.1 3,645.4 13.3 Temporary help services..... 2,207.3 2,313.4 2,348.6 2,391.9 2,308.6 2,484.7 2,479.4 2,479.1 2,505.0 2,501.5 -3.5 Business support services.... 755.1 745.0 755.4 755.1 752.4 754.6 757.0 752.8 754.5 752.4 -2.1 Services to buildings and dwellings................... 1,556.7 1,549.8 1,553.7 1,598.4 1,663.9 1,707.2 1,706.1 1,701.4 1,710.5 1,712.0 1.5 Waste management and remediation services......... 318.1 318.5 320.0 319.4 324.1 326.1 326.6 326.4 327.2 326.0 -1.2 Education and health services... 16,988 17,066 17,294 17,362 16,833 17,108 17,142 17,178 17,189 17,212 23 Educational services........... 2,904.1 2,757.4 2,953.6 2,976.2 2,745.8 2,797.2 2,805.5 2,825.0 2,813.3 2,817.0 3.7 Health care and social assistance....................14,083.9 14,308.7 14,340.5 14,386.1 14,087.1 14,310.7 14,336.1 14,353.2 14,375.3 14,395.4 20.1 Health care(3).................11,956.6 12,145.7 12,161.6 12,194.8 11,975.3 12,153.6 12,168.4 12,183.6 12,202.9 12,218.5 15.6 Ambulatory health care services(1)................. 4,890.0 5,003.2 5,014.4 5,030.9 4,898.9 5,006.7 5,017.0 5,027.0 5,035.2 5,042.7 7.5 Offices of physicians....... 2,036.2 2,081.8 2,088.7 2,088.7 2,038.0 2,077.7 2,084.3 2,085.3 2,091.5 2,091.5 .0 Outpatient care centers..... 442.5 450.0 450.5 453.5 441.7 449.8 450.3 451.5 451.4 453.0 1.6 Home health care services... 756.6 789.5 786.1 794.2 760.9 789.2 790.7 796.6 796.0 798.9 2.9 Hospitals.................... 4,267.5 4,324.6 4,330.0 4,341.4 4,272.0 4,319.7 4,323.5 4,329.6 4,337.7 4,345.5 7.8 Nursing and residential care facilities(1)............... 2,799.1 2,817.9 2,817.2 2,822.5 2,804.4 2,827.2 2,827.9 2,827.0 2,830.0 2,830.3 .3 Nursing care facilities..... 1,569.6 1,565.7 1,563.6 1,567.7 1,572.8 1,576.4 1,574.5 1,571.5 1,571.5 1,571.8 .3 Social assistance(1).......... 2,127.3 2,163.0 2,178.9 2,191.3 2,111.8 2,157.1 2,167.7 2,169.6 2,172.4 2,176.9 4.5 Child day care services...... 772.3 782.5 791.8 798.3 758.8 775.3 780.4 780.5 782.2 784.7 2.5 Leisure and hospitality......... 12,077 12,027 12,112 12,306 12,412 12,571 12,589 12,611 12,630 12,640 10 Arts, entertainment, and recreation.................... 1,694.3 1,596.4 1,613.8 1,646.2 1,836.5 1,826.4 1,811.0 1,805.4 1,799.7 1,791.3 -8.4 Performing arts and spectator sports....................... 352.8 324.0 335.3 337.5 367.5 362.5 357.9 355.6 355.5 352.8 -2.7 Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks.............. 109.7 105.1 103.1 107.8 116.0 116.9 114.8 114.5 113.2 114.3 1.1 Amusements, gambling, and recreation................... 1,231.8 1,167.3 1,175.4 1,200.9 1,353.0 1,347.0 1,338.3 1,335.3 1,331.0 1,324.2 -6.8 Accommodations and food services......................10,382.8 10,431.0 10,497.8 10,660.2 10,575.3 10,744.1 10,778.4 10,805.1 10,830.0 10,848.8 18.8 Accommodations................ 1,726.8 1,736.3 1,749.8 1,770.8 1,785.3 1,814.7 1,824.6 1,825.9 1,827.8 1,828.8 1.0 Food services and drinking places....................... 8,656.0 8,694.7 8,748.0 8,889.4 8,790.0 8,929.4 8,953.8 8,979.2 9,002.2 9,020.0 17.8 Other services.................. 5,404 5,388 5,412 5,433 5,420 5,441 5,447 5,451 5,451 5,449 -2 Repair and maintenance........ 1,232.0 1,218.3 1,226.8 1,233.4 1,231.6 1,227.1 1,229.9 1,229.4 1,232.7 1,232.7 .0 Personal and laundry services. 1,264.2 1,261.3 1,259.7 1,270.9 1,273.0 1,271.6 1,276.8 1,280.4 1,277.5 1,278.5 1.0 Membership associations and organizations................ 2,907.7 2,908.1 2,925.6 2,928.8 2,915.7 2,942.3 2,940.6 2,941.4 2,940.9 2,937.9 -3.0 Government...................... 21,992 21,620 22,048 22,164 21,582 21,706 21,700 21,710 21,741 21,750 9 Federal........................ 2,713 2,700 2,704 2,706 2,730 2,728 2,706 2,717 2,721 2,720 -1 Federal, except U.S. Postal Service...................... 1,927.9 1,921.0 1,926.3 1,928.6 1,940.8 1,946.4 1,939.5 1,937.2 1,940.6 1,940.6 .0 U.S. Postal Service........... 785.1 779.1 777.3 776.9 788.9 781.4 766.4 780.2 780.0 779.8 -.2 State government............... 5,116 4,935 5,139 5,183 4,974 5,015 5,020 5,025 5,032 5,038 6 State government education.... 2,391.5 2,209.4 2,408.7 2,444.3 2,242.4 2,271.3 2,277.9 2,280.4 2,287.6 2,293.0 5.4 State government, excluding education.................... 2,724.7 2,725.9 2,730.1 2,738.4 2,731.3 2,743.4 2,741.9 2,744.4 2,744.4 2,744.6 .2 Local government............... 14,163 13,985 14,205 14,275 13,878 13,963 13,974 13,968 13,988 13,992 4 Local government education.... 8,111.1 7,927.4 8,139.4 8,192.5 7,743.0 7,806.3 7,810.8 7,808.8 7,824.7 7,825.9 1.2 Local government, excluding education.................... 6,051.8 6,057.5 6,065.7 6,082.6 6,135.0 6,156.7 6,163.1 6,159.2 6,163.0 6,165.6 2.6 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. from: 2004 2005 2005p 2005p 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005p 2005p Feb. 2005- Mar. 2005p Total private......................... 33.5 33.6 33.5 33.5 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 0.0 Goods-producing........................... 40.1 39.5 39.5 39.7 40.2 39.9 40.0 39.8 39.9 39.8 -.1 Natural resources and mining.................. 43.9 45.0 44.7 45.4 44.2 45.0 45.4 45.5 45.1 45.6 .5 Construction.................................. 38.3 36.8 37.1 37.8 38.6 38.3 38.4 37.6 38.2 38.1 -.1 Manufacturing................................. 40.8 40.6 40.4 40.4 40.9 40.5 40.5 40.7 40.6 40.5 -.1 Overtime hours............................. 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.4 -.2 Durable goods................................ 41.4 41.0 40.9 40.9 41.4 40.9 41.1 41.1 41.0 40.9 -.1 Overtime hours............................. 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.5 -.2 Wood products............................... 40.6 40.2 39.2 39.0 40.9 40.0 40.3 40.6 39.9 39.4 -.5 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 42.5 40.9 41.1 41.1 42.7 42.1 42.3 41.9 42.0 41.7 -.3 Primary metals.............................. 43.1 43.3 43.1 43.0 43.1 42.9 42.8 43.1 43.1 43.0 -.1 Fabricated metal products................... 41.0 41.0 40.8 40.7 41.1 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.8 -.1 Machinery................................... 41.9 42.2 42.1 42.1 41.7 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 .0 Computer and electronic products............ 40.8 39.7 39.6 39.6 40.7 39.6 39.8 40.0 39.7 39.5 -.2 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 40.6 40.2 39.7 39.9 40.7 40.1 40.0 40.1 39.9 40.0 .1 Transportation equipment.................... 43.0 42.3 42.5 42.2 42.8 42.2 42.4 42.4 42.4 42.0 -.4 Motor vehicles and parts(2)................ 43.3 42.3 42.5 42.1 43.1 42.2 42.6 42.3 42.4 41.9 -.5 Furniture and related products.............. 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.7 39.6 39.2 39.5 39.5 39.6 39.7 .1 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 38.8 38.6 38.6 39.0 38.7 38.2 38.3 38.5 38.6 38.8 .2 Nondurable goods............................. 40.0 39.9 39.7 39.7 40.1 39.8 39.8 40.0 39.9 39.8 -.1 Overtime hours............................. 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.3 -.2 Food manufacturing.......................... 38.7 38.7 38.7 38.4 39.2 39.1 38.8 39.0 39.3 39.0 -.3 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 38.9 39.9 39.6 40.4 39.5 39.0 39.6 40.5 40.2 40.6 .4 Textile mills............................... 40.7 40.4 39.6 40.0 40.3 40.0 39.8 40.2 39.7 39.6 -.1 Textile product mills....................... 38.8 39.4 39.1 39.4 38.8 39.1 39.0 39.5 39.4 39.4 .0 Apparel..................................... 36.5 35.6 35.7 36.4 36.2 35.7 35.9 35.9 35.9 36.1 .2 Leather and allied products................. 39.8 37.0 37.3 37.6 39.0 38.2 37.6 37.1 37.1 36.9 -.2 Paper and paper products.................... 41.6 42.7 41.7 41.5 41.8 42.1 42.0 42.5 42.0 41.8 -.2 Printing and related support activities..... 38.6 38.5 38.4 38.4 38.4 38.3 38.5 38.6 38.6 38.3 -.3 Petroleum and coal products................. 43.5 44.3 44.4 44.3 43.7 45.5 44.6 44.5 44.5 44.6 .1 Chemicals................................... 43.0 42.8 42.4 42.3 43.0 42.4 42.6 42.8 42.4 42.3 -.1 Plastics and rubber products................ 40.8 40.0 39.9 40.1 40.8 39.4 39.8 40.0 40.0 40.1 .1 Private service-providing................ 32.1 32.4 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 .0 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.6 33.5 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.5 -.1 Wholesale trade.............................. 37.7 37.8 37.6 37.6 38.0 37.7 37.6 37.7 37.8 37.8 .0 Retail trade................................. 30.4 30.2 30.3 30.3 30.8 30.6 30.8 30.7 30.8 30.7 -.1 Transportation and warehousing............... 36.7 37.4 36.7 37.0 37.0 37.5 37.4 37.5 37.2 37.3 .1 Utilities.................................... 40.9 40.8 40.4 40.1 41.1 40.4 40.7 41.0 40.4 40.3 -.1 Information................................... 35.9 36.6 36.2 36.0 36.3 36.2 36.4 36.3 36.3 36.4 .1 Financial activities.......................... 35.2 36.4 35.6 35.6 35.5 35.6 35.7 35.9 35.8 35.9 .1 Professional and business services............ 34.0 34.0 33.9 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.2 34.1 34.0 34.1 .1 Education and health services................. 32.1 32.9 32.5 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.6 .1 Leisure and hospitality....................... 25.4 25.3 25.5 25.4 25.7 25.6 25.7 25.6 25.7 25.7 .0 Other services................................ 30.9 30.9 30.8 30.8 31.1 30.9 30.8 30.9 30.9 31.0 .1 1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2004 2005 2005p 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 2005p Total private........................... $15.54 $16.00 $15.95 $15.95 $520.59 $537.60 $534.33 $534.33 Seasonally adjusted.................... 15.54 15.90 15.91 15.95 523.70 535.83 536.17 537.52 Goods-producing............................. 17.00 17.31 17.34 17.35 681.70 683.75 684.93 688.80 Natural resources and mining.................... 18.10 18.53 18.44 18.34 794.59 833.85 824.27 832.64 Construction.................................... 19.06 19.12 19.19 19.27 730.00 703.62 711.95 728.41 Manufacturing................................... 16.00 16.42 16.43 16.38 652.80 666.65 663.77 661.75 Durable goods.................................. 16.68 17.15 17.19 17.14 690.55 703.15 703.07 701.03 Wood products................................. 12.93 13.13 13.01 13.07 524.96 527.83 509.99 509.73 Nonmetallic mineral products.................. 16.00 16.27 16.21 16.32 680.00 665.44 666.23 670.75 Primary metals................................ 18.33 18.84 18.74 18.69 790.02 815.77 807.69 803.67 Fabricated metal products..................... 15.25 15.55 15.66 15.62 625.25 637.55 638.93 635.73 Machinery..................................... 16.50 17.03 17.00 16.98 691.35 718.67 715.70 714.86 Computer and electronic products.............. 16.94 18.04 18.01 17.97 691.15 716.19 713.20 711.61 Electrical equipment and appliances........... 14.71 15.07 15.16 15.10 597.23 605.81 601.85 602.49 Transportation equipment...................... 21.29 21.90 21.97 21.82 915.47 926.37 933.73 920.80 Furniture and related products................ 12.97 13.42 13.36 13.33 512.32 528.75 525.05 529.20 Miscellaneous manufacturing................... 13.79 14.07 14.05 14.03 535.05 543.10 542.33 547.17 Nondurable goods............................... 14.90 15.24 15.18 15.12 596.00 608.08 602.65 600.26 Food manufacturing............................ 12.91 13.07 13.08 13.00 499.62 505.81 506.20 499.20 Beverages and tobacco products................ 19.10 18.44 18.48 18.66 742.99 735.76 731.81 753.86 Textile mills................................. 12.08 12.33 12.25 12.23 491.66 498.13 485.10 489.20 Textile product mills......................... 11.35 11.31 11.47 11.43 440.38 445.61 448.48 450.34 Apparel....................................... 9.59 10.15 10.17 10.06 350.04 361.34 363.07 366.18 Leather and allied products................... 11.62 11.60 11.42 11.48 462.48 429.20 425.97 431.65 Paper and paper products...................... 17.63 18.00 17.85 17.88 733.41 768.60 744.35 742.02 Printing and related support activities....... 15.63 15.77 15.81 15.76 603.32 607.15 607.10 605.18 Petroleum and coal products................... 24.79 24.75 24.98 24.93 1078.37 1096.43 1109.11 1104.40 Chemicals..................................... 18.83 19.52 19.33 19.31 809.69 835.46 819.59 816.81 Plastics and rubber products.................. 14.45 14.81 14.67 14.53 589.56 592.40 585.33 582.65 Private service-providing.................. 15.16 15.66 15.59 15.59 486.64 507.38 502.00 502.00 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 14.48 14.88 14.86 14.85 480.74 494.02 493.35 493.02 Wholesale trade................................ 17.46 18.03 17.99 17.94 658.24 681.53 676.42 674.54 Retail trade................................... 12.02 12.34 12.34 12.32 365.41 372.67 373.90 373.30 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.35 16.59 16.58 16.63 600.05 620.47 608.49 615.31 Utilities...................................... 25.38 26.14 25.94 25.87 1038.04 1066.51 1047.98 1037.39 Information..................................... 21.16 21.83 21.58 21.70 759.64 798.98 781.20 781.20 Financial activities............................ 17.38 17.83 17.72 17.79 611.78 649.01 630.83 633.32 Professional and business services.............. 17.32 18.06 17.90 17.87 588.88 614.04 606.81 607.58 Education and health services................... 15.99 16.47 16.47 16.49 513.28 541.86 535.28 534.28 Leisure and hospitality......................... 8.90 9.11 9.10 9.09 226.06 230.48 232.05 230.89 Other services.................................. 13.93 14.23 14.23 14.17 430.44 439.71 438.28 436.44 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. change from: 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005p 2005p Feb. 2005- Mar. 2005p Total private: Current dollars........................ $15.54 $15.82 $15.85 $15.90 $15.91 $15.95 0.3 Constant (1982) dollars(2)............. 8.23 8.21 8.23 8.24 8.22 N.A. (3) Goods-producing............................. 17.08 17.33 17.36 17.35 17.43 17.43 .0 Natural resources and mining.................... 18.01 18.22 18.37 18.43 18.38 18.24 -.8 Construction.................................... 19.15 19.31 19.29 19.24 19.31 19.37 .3 Manufacturing................................... 16.01 16.29 16.34 16.37 16.42 16.39 -.2 Excluding overtime(4)........................ 15.16 15.43 15.48 15.51 15.54 15.55 .1 Durable goods.................................. 16.69 16.99 17.06 17.10 17.17 17.15 -.1 Nondurable goods............................... 14.93 15.16 15.16 15.18 15.20 15.16 -.3 Private service-providing.................. 15.13 15.42 15.45 15.51 15.51 15.56 .3 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 14.46 14.70 14.72 14.82 14.78 14.82 .3 Wholesale trade................................ 17.51 17.80 17.87 17.91 17.96 17.99 .2 Retail trade................................... 11.98 12.20 12.21 12.32 12.28 12.28 .0 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.38 16.54 16.54 16.58 16.53 16.65 .7 Utilities...................................... 25.38 25.77 26.11 26.23 26.01 25.89 -.5 Information..................................... 21.22 21.58 21.70 21.80 21.56 21.77 1.0 Financial activities............................ 17.40 17.65 17.71 17.71 17.74 17.83 .5 Professional and business services.............. 17.30 17.66 17.69 17.79 17.80 17.85 .3 Education and health services................... 16.02 16.34 16.37 16.40 16.46 16.52 .4 Leisure and hospitality......................... 8.87 9.02 9.01 9.03 9.05 9.06 .1 Other services.................................. 13.94 14.12 14.13 14.15 14.18 14.18 .0 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. 3 Change was -0.2 percent from Jan. 2005 to Feb. 2005, the latest month available. 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. N.A. = not available. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. change from: 2004 2005 2005p 2005p 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005p 2005p Feb. 2005- Mar. 2005p Total private......................... 97.5 99.1 99.2 99.9 99.3 101.1 101.2 101.5 101.7 101.8 0.1 Goods-producing........................... 93.8 93.1 93.3 94.7 96.4 97.1 97.5 96.9 97.5 97.4 -.1 Natural resources and mining.................. 98.2 105.9 105.5 109.3 101.9 107.6 109.0 110.3 110.2 112.7 2.3 Construction.................................. 94.1 92.2 93.1 97.1 101.2 103.2 104.0 101.6 104.2 104.1 -.1 Manufacturing................................. 93.4 92.9 92.7 93.0 94.1 93.9 93.9 94.2 94.0 93.8 -.2 Durable goods................................ 94.3 94.1 94.3 94.8 94.7 94.8 95.3 95.2 95.2 95.1 -.1 Wood products............................... 97.8 98.5 96.3 96.1 100.2 100.0 101.1 101.7 99.9 98.8 -1.1 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 93.5 90.6 90.4 91.6 96.7 98.2 98.3 97.1 96.9 95.9 -1.0 Primary metals.............................. 92.6 93.2 93.0 92.9 92.6 93.0 92.6 93.0 93.2 92.9 -.3 Fabricated metal products................... 96.1 98.1 97.8 98.3 96.5 98.4 98.4 98.6 98.5 98.8 .3 Machinery................................... 95.1 97.1 97.2 97.8 94.3 96.6 96.5 96.8 96.9 97.3 .4 Computer and electronic products............ 89.3 90.3 90.6 91.3 89.2 88.9 89.7 91.1 91.0 91.2 .2 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 88.1 88.0 86.3 86.5 88.5 88.1 87.5 87.5 86.9 86.9 .0 Transportation equipment.................... 97.5 94.8 97.0 97.0 96.9 95.6 96.4 95.8 96.8 96.3 -.5 Motor vehicles and parts(2)................ 98.6 94.0 96.7 95.8 97.9 95.3 96.4 95.0 96.4 95.1 -1.3 Furniture and related products.............. 93.8 92.3 91.6 92.3 94.3 93.1 93.6 93.2 92.9 92.6 -.3 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 91.9 90.3 90.5 90.9 92.0 90.9 90.9 91.0 91.1 90.9 -.2 Nondurable goods............................. 92.0 90.8 90.2 90.3 93.1 92.3 92.0 92.3 91.8 91.5 -.3 Food manufacturing.......................... 93.7 94.3 93.9 93.2 97.1 97.0 96.7 96.8 97.5 96.9 -.6 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 82.3 88.0 86.4 87.0 87.1 90.5 91.0 91.8 90.8 91.5 .8 Textile mills............................... 82.2 75.6 73.8 74.4 81.3 77.3 76.2 76.3 74.7 73.7 -1.3 Textile product mills....................... 91.4 91.8 91.4 93.5 91.3 93.3 92.1 93.7 93.2 93.0 -.2 Apparel..................................... 78.3 67.2 68.2 68.7 77.7 70.8 70.9 69.9 69.1 68.1 -1.4 Leather and allied products................. 88.4 81.5 82.2 84.0 86.4 87.7 85.0 83.4 82.7 82.2 -.6 Paper and paper products.................... 88.2 90.8 88.6 88.5 89.4 89.5 89.2 90.7 89.9 89.9 .0 Printing and related support activities..... 93.6 92.5 91.9 92.0 93.6 93.3 93.5 93.5 93.2 92.3 -1.0 Petroleum and coal products................. 95.5 101.0 101.8 102.8 98.2 107.8 104.7 104.9 105.9 106.1 .2 Chemicals................................... 99.4 97.4 96.8 96.1 99.2 98.0 97.8 97.9 96.8 96.1 -.7 Plastics and rubber products................ 94.3 92.2 92.1 93.2 94.5 92.4 92.8 93.1 92.9 93.4 .5 Private service-providing................ 98.5 100.9 100.7 101.4 100.2 102.0 102.5 102.8 102.9 103.0 .1 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 96.7 98.8 98.1 98.4 99.3 100.2 100.4 100.8 101.0 100.7 -.3 Wholesale trade.............................. 97.0 99.1 98.7 99.3 98.4 99.5 99.4 99.8 100.3 100.5 .2 Retail trade................................. 96.2 97.4 96.6 96.7 99.4 99.3 99.9 99.7 100.3 99.9 -.4 Transportation and warehousing............... 98.7 103.9 102.0 103.2 100.5 104.2 103.8 105.2 104.5 104.8 .3 Utilities.................................... 95.1 95.2 94.2 93.6 95.9 93.8 94.7 96.0 94.5 94.1 -.4 Information................................... 96.0 101.6 100.5 100.9 97.0 100.0 101.3 101.2 101.2 102.0 .8 Financial activities.......................... 99.7 105.1 103.1 103.0 101.2 103.1 103.6 104.4 104.3 104.5 .2 Professional and business services............ 98.2 100.8 101.6 102.9 99.9 103.7 103.9 103.9 104.0 104.7 .7 Education and health services................. 102.4 105.6 105.6 105.7 102.1 104.1 104.7 105.3 105.0 105.4 .4 Leisure and hospitality....................... 98.3 97.5 99.1 100.5 102.4 103.6 104.2 104.1 104.6 104.7 .1 Other services................................ 95.4 95.9 96.1 96.5 96.5 96.7 96.6 97.1 97.2 97.6 .4 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. change from: 2004 2005 2005p 2005p 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005p 2005p Feb. 2005- Mar. 2005p Total private......................... 101.4 106.1 105.9 106.6 103.3 107.0 107.4 107.9 108.2 108.6 0.4 Goods-producing........................... 97.6 98.7 99.0 100.6 100.9 103.1 103.7 103.0 104.1 104.0 -.1 Natural resources and mining.................. 103.4 114.2 113.1 116.6 106.8 114.0 116.5 118.2 117.8 119.5 1.4 Construction.................................. 96.9 95.2 96.5 101.0 104.7 107.6 108.3 105.6 108.6 108.9 .3 Manufacturing................................. 97.7 99.8 99.6 99.6 98.6 100.1 100.3 100.8 100.9 100.5 -.4 Durable goods................................ 98.2 100.8 101.2 101.4 98.6 100.5 101.5 101.7 102.0 101.8 -.2 Nondurable goods............................. 96.9 97.8 96.8 96.5 98.2 98.9 98.6 99.0 98.6 98.0 -.6 Private service-providing................ 102.6 108.6 107.9 108.6 104.1 108.0 108.8 109.5 109.7 110.2 .5 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 99.9 104.9 104.0 104.2 102.4 105.1 105.5 106.5 106.5 106.4 -.1 Wholesale trade.............................. 99.8 105.2 104.6 105.0 101.5 104.4 104.7 105.2 106.1 106.5 .4 Retail trade................................. 99.1 103.1 102.2 102.1 102.0 103.9 104.5 105.3 105.6 105.1 -.5 Transportation and warehousing............... 102.4 109.4 107.2 108.9 104.4 109.3 108.9 110.7 109.5 110.7 1.1 Utilities.................................... 100.7 103.9 102.0 101.0 101.6 100.9 103.2 105.1 102.6 101.7 -.9 Information................................... 100.6 109.8 107.3 108.4 101.9 106.8 108.8 109.2 108.0 109.9 1.8 Financial activities.......................... 107.1 115.8 112.9 113.2 108.9 112.5 113.5 114.3 114.4 115.2 .7 Professional and business services............ 101.2 108.3 108.2 109.4 102.8 108.9 109.4 110.0 110.2 111.2 .9 Education and health services................. 107.6 114.3 114.4 114.6 107.6 111.8 112.6 113.5 113.6 114.5 .8 Leisure and hospitality....................... 102.0 103.6 105.2 106.5 105.9 109.0 109.4 109.6 110.4 110.6 .2 Other services................................ 96.8 99.4 99.7 99.6 98.0 99.5 99.5 100.1 100.4 100.8 .4 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries(1) Over 1-month span: 2001 .............. 49.5 47.7 48.6 32.7 42.4 40.8 36.7 39.0 37.6 33.6 36.9 37.1 2002 .............. 41.0 35.6 39.7 39.2 40.5 47.7 42.8 43.0 42.1 39.0 41.5 35.1 2003 .............. 44.4 38.7 35.3 41.4 39.4 39.9 42.1 39.4 50.4 48.9 50.0 50.5 2004 .............. 50.9 53.4 66.0 67.3 64.6 59.7 55.4 53.8 57.6 58.6 54.7 54.3 2005 .............. 54.1 p56.7 p54.1 Over 3-month span: 2001 .............. 53.2 49.8 49.8 42.3 38.1 34.2 37.8 37.6 34.7 35.4 30.8 32.0 2002 .............. 35.3 37.9 36.5 34.2 34.4 39.4 40.6 44.1 37.8 37.1 35.8 36.7 2003 .............. 38.3 35.4 33.3 33.5 36.5 41.7 37.8 37.4 43.2 46.4 48.6 50.2 2004 .............. 52.5 53.8 56.7 69.4 75.4 71.2 63.5 56.8 57.4 59.9 59.7 56.3 2005 .............. 58.5 p57.9 p59.5 Over 6-month span: 2001 .............. 53.1 50.9 52.0 45.5 43.0 39.7 38.5 33.6 33.5 34.2 33.6 30.9 2002 .............. 29.5 29.9 32.0 31.7 30.9 37.4 37.1 38.7 35.3 36.0 37.9 35.1 2003 .............. 32.7 32.2 31.3 31.3 33.1 37.6 33.6 32.2 40.3 43.7 46.4 49.3 2004 .............. 47.3 50.4 54.9 62.6 64.4 69.6 67.3 68.9 64.6 62.2 59.7 55.9 2005 .............. 60.3 p63.3 p61.5 Over 12-month span: 2001 .............. 59.5 59.5 53.4 49.3 48.6 45.0 43.3 43.9 39.9 37.8 37.1 34.9 2002 .............. 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.4 30.2 29.1 32.0 31.3 30.0 29.5 32.9 34.7 2003 .............. 34.5 31.5 32.9 33.5 34.2 35.1 32.7 33.1 37.1 36.7 37.2 39.2 2004 .............. 40.3 42.1 44.8 48.7 52.0 56.7 57.4 57.6 60.3 62.1 64.6 64.0 2005 .............. 61.2 p65.6 p64.4 Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries(1) Over 1-month span: 2001 .............. 22.0 17.3 22.0 17.9 16.1 22.6 13.1 15.5 18.5 17.3 14.9 11.9 2002 .............. 19.0 19.6 22.0 32.1 26.2 31.0 35.7 23.2 28.6 15.5 18.5 16.7 2003 .............. 35.1 19.0 19.0 11.9 19.6 20.8 22.6 24.4 32.7 35.1 39.9 42.9 2004 .............. 39.3 49.4 50.0 65.5 60.1 51.8 60.7 48.8 42.9 42.3 46.4 44.6 2005 .............. 42.3 p43.5 p44.0 Over 3-month span: 2001 .............. 32.7 20.8 16.7 14.3 14.3 11.9 11.9 9.5 7.7 12.5 11.3 9.5 2002 .............. 10.7 11.9 11.3 17.9 14.9 20.2 25.6 23.8 20.2 13.7 8.9 9.5 2003 .............. 16.1 14.3 12.5 8.9 10.7 10.7 14.3 15.5 18.5 27.4 31.5 35.1 2004 .............. 42.3 43.5 42.9 58.3 69.0 69.6 62.5 53.6 52.4 44.6 45.2 35.7 2005 .............. 45.2 p39.3 p45.2 Over 6-month span: 2001 .............. 22.6 24.4 21.4 19.6 14.3 11.9 13.1 11.3 10.7 7.1 7.7 5.4 2002 .............. 6.0 8.3 8.3 9.5 7.1 13.1 12.5 11.3 14.3 8.3 8.3 7.7 2003 .............. 12.5 10.1 7.1 8.3 11.3 10.7 4.8 10.1 13.1 16.7 19.6 26.8 2004 .............. 27.4 29.8 33.3 47.0 52.4 57.1 60.1 58.9 58.9 50.6 45.2 42.9 2005 .............. 43.5 p44.0 p39.3 Over 12-month span: 2001 .............. 29.8 32.1 20.8 19.0 13.1 12.5 10.7 11.9 11.9 10.1 8.3 6.0 2002 .............. 7.1 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.1 3.6 4.8 6.0 4.8 7.1 4.8 8.3 2003 .............. 10.7 6.0 6.5 6.0 8.3 7.1 7.1 8.3 10.7 10.7 9.5 10.7 2004 .............. 13.1 14.3 13.1 19.0 25.6 34.5 43.5 40.5 45.8 48.2 49.4 46.4 2005 .............. 45.2 p46.4 p48.8 1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. p = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.