Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 06-607 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ Establishment data: 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT), Media contact: 691-5902 Friday, April 7, 2006. THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MARCH 2006 Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 211,000 in March, and the unemploy- ment rate was little changed at 4.7 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Over the month, job growth was widespread in the service-providing sector. Unemployment (Household Survey Data) Both the number of unemployed persons, 7.0 million, and the unemployment rate, 4.7 percent, were little changed in March. The jobless rates for the major worker groups--adult men (4.1 percent), adult women (4.1 percent), teenagers (15.7 percent), whites (4.0 percent), blacks (9.3 percent), and Hispanics (5.4 percent)--showed little or no change over the month. The unemployment rate for Asians was 3.4 percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) The number of long-term unemployed--those unemployed 27 weeks and over-- also was little changed over the month. This group accounted for 18.4 percent of the unemployed, down from 21.5 percent a year earlier. (See table A-9.) Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) Total employment was up in March to 143.6 million; the employment-popula- tion ratio--the proportion of the population age 16 and over with jobs--was little changed at 63.0 percent. The labor force participation rate remained at 66.1 percent and has been at or near that level for a year. (See table A-1.) The number of persons working part time for economic reasons edged down to 4.0 million in March. This category includes persons who indicated that they would like to work full time but were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-5.) Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) Nearly 1.5 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally at- tached to the labor force in March, slightly less than a year earlier. These individuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job some- time in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Among the mar- ginally attached, there were 451,000 discouraged workers in March, about the same as a year earlier. Discouraged workers were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for them. The other 1.0 million marginally attached had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-13.) - 2 - Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) ______________________________________________________________________________ | Quarterly | | | averages | Monthly data | |_________________|__________________________| Feb.- Category | 2005 | 2006 | 2006 | Mar. |________|________|________|_________________|change | IV | I | Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | ________________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______ HOUSEHOLD DATA | Labor force status |____________________________________________________ Civilian labor force.....| 150,126| 150,405| 150,114| 150,449| 150,652| 203 Employment.............| 142,671| 143,324| 143,074| 143,257| 143,641| 384 Unemployment...........| 7,455| 7,081| 7,040| 7,193| 7,011| -182 Not in labor force.......| 77,070| 77,359| 77,439| 77,314| 77,323| 9 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Unemployment rates |____________________________________________________ All workers..............| 5.0| 4.7| 4.7| 4.8| 4.7| -0.1 Adult men..............| 4.3| 4.1| 4.0| 4.2| 4.1| -.1 Adult women............| 4.5| 4.2| 4.3| 4.3| 4.1| -.2 Teenagers..............| 16.1| 15.5| 15.3| 15.4| 15.7| .3 White..................| 4.3| 4.1| 4.1| 4.1| 4.0| -.1 Black or African | | | | | | American.............| 9.7| 9.2| 8.9| 9.3| 9.3| .0 Hispanic or Latino | | | | | | ethnicity............| 6.0| 5.6| 5.8| 5.5| 5.4| -.1 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ ESTABLISHMENT DATA | Employment |____________________________________________________ Nonfarm employment.......| 134,161|p134,750| 134,530|p134,755|p134,966| p211 Goods-producing(1).....| 22,242| p22,359| 22,335| p22,366| p22,375| p9 Construction.........| 7,391| p7,487| 7,460| p7,497| p7,504| p7 Manufacturing........| 14,211| p14,219| 14,227| p14,217| p14,212| p-5 Service-providing(1)...| 111,920|p112,392| 112,195|p112,389|p112,591| p202 Retail trade(2)......| 15,284| p15,318| 15,300| p15,313| p15,342| p29 Professional and | | | | | | business services..| 17,058| p17,168| 17,127| p17,162| p17,214| p52 Education and health | | | | | | services...........| 17,476| p17,581| 17,544| p17,583| p17,616| p33 Leisure and | | | | | | hospitality........| 12,873| p12,966| 12,932| p12,962| p13,004| p42 Government.......... | 21,870| p21,875| 21,844| p21,879| p21,903| p24 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Hours of work(3) |____________________________________________________ Total private............| 33.8| p33.8| 33.8| p33.8| p33.8| p0.0 Manufacturing..........| 40.9| p41.0| 40.9| p41.0| p41.0| p.0 Overtime.............| 4.6| p4.5| 4.5| p4.5| p4.5| p.0 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3) |____________________________________________________ Total private............| 103.4| p104.2| 104.0| p104.2| p104.4| p0.2 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Earnings(3) |____________________________________________________ Avg. hourly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| $16.30| p$16.45| $16.40| p$16.46| p$16.49| p$0.03 Avg. weekly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| 551.05| p556.01| 554.32| p556.35| p557.36| p1.01 _________________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______ 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data. 3 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers. p = preliminary. - 3 - Employment Status of Hurricane Katrina Evacuees (Household Survey Data) Beginning in October, questions were added to the household survey to iden- tify persons who evacuated from their homes, even temporarily, due to Hurricane Katrina. Data collected through these questions do not account for all evac- uees; persons living outside of the scope of the survey--such as those living in hotels or shelters--are not included. The questions were asked of persons in the household survey sample throughout the country, since some evacuees re- located far from the storm-affected areas. An additional question determined whether evacuees had returned to their homes and were living there at the time of the survey. The total number of evacuees estimated from the household sur- vey may change from month to month as people move in and out of the scope of the survey. In addition, because the estimates are obtained from a sample survey, they may vary from month to month due to sampling error. Information gathered in March showed that about 1.0 million persons age 16 and over had evacuated from where they were living in August due to Hurricane Katrina. These evacuees either had returned to their homes or were living in other residential units covered in the survey in March. Just over half of the evacuees were living in their August 2005 residences. Of all evacuees identi- fied, 53.6 percent were in the labor force in March. The unemployment rate for persons identified as evacuees was 16.5 percent. The rate was much higher for evacuees who were not living in their former homes (34.7 percent) than for those who were again living at their pre-Katrina residences (5.3 percent). (See table B.) Table B. Employment status in March 2006 of persons 16 years and over who evacuated from their August residence, even temporarily, due to Hurricane Katrina (1) (Numbers in thousands, not seasonally adjusted) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | Residence in March | |-------------------------- Employment status in March 2006 | Total | Same as | Different than | |in August| in August -------------------------------------------------------|---------------- Civilian noninstitutional population.| 1,024 | 561 | 463 Civilian labor force...............| 549 | 339 | 210 Participation rate.......... | 53.6 | 60.4 | 45.4 Employed........................| 458 | 321 | 137 Employment-population ratio..| 44.8 | 57.2 | 29.7 Unemployed......................| 91 | 18 | 73 Unemployment rate............| 16.5 | 5.3 | 34.7 Not in labor force.................| 475 | 222 | 253 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 Represents persons in the civilian noninstitutional population age 16 and over who resided in households that were eligible to be selected for the Current Population Survey (CPS). These data are not representative of the total evacuee population because they do not in- clude children or people residing in shelters, hotels, places of worship, or other units outside the scope of the CPS. The total number of evac- uees estimated from the CPS may change from month to month as people move in and out of the scope of the survey and because of sampling varia- bility. NOTE: These data use population controls that have been adjusted to account for interstate moves by evacuees. - 4 - Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 211,000 in March to 135.0 million, seasonally adjusted. Over the year, payroll employment has grown by 2.1 mil- lion. The March increase was concentrated in the service-providing sector, with gains in several industries, including professional and business services, leisure and hospitality, retail trade, and health care. (See table B-1.) Employment in professional and business services increased by 52,000 over the month. The gain was spread among most of the sector's component industries, including architectural and engineering services, computer systems design, man- agement and consulting services, and services to buildings and dwellings. Over the year, employment in professional and business services was up by 469,000. Leisure and hospitality employment rose by 42,000 in March. Within the industry, employment in food services and drinking places continued to grow, with a gain of 33,000 over the month. In March, retail trade employment in- creased by 29,000, with most of the growth occurring in general merchandise stores (26,000). Employment in wholesale trade continued its upward trend and has risen by 232,000 since its most recent low in August 2003. Health care added 24,000 jobs in March; over the year, employment in the industry has risen by 293,000. Over the month, job growth occurred in hos- pitals (8,000) and in ambulatory health care services (16,000), which includes doctors' offices and home health care. Employment in financial activities rose over the month. Credit inter- mediation and insurance carriers each added 7,000 jobs, following similar- sized increases in February. In the goods-producing sector, mining employment continued to expand in March, rising by 6,000. Most of the gain occurred in support activities for mining, particularly those related to oil and gas. Since its most recent low in April 2003, mining employment has increased by 97,000. Manufacturing employment was little changed in March; it has decreased by 56,000 over the year. Over the month, employment declines in textile mills and in plastics and rubber products offset a gain in computer and electronic products. Construction employment was essentially unchanged in March, but the industry has added 311,000 jobs over the year. Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data) The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.8 hours in March, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek and factory overtime also were unchanged at 41.0 and 4.5 hours, respectively. (See table B-2.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.2 percent in March to 104.4 (2002=100). The manufacturing index was unchanged at 95.5. (See table B-5.) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 3 cents in March to $16.49, seasonally adjusted. This followed gains of 5 cents and 6 cents in January and February, respec- tively. Average weekly earnings increased by 0.2 percent over the month to $557.36. Over the year, average hourly earnings increased by 3.4 percent and average weekly earnings increased by 3.7 percent. (See table B-3.) ______________________________ The Employment Situation for April 2006 is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 5, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT). - 5 - Explanatory Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the informa- tion on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 house- holds conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with state agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses and government agencies covering ap- proximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establish- ment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, pro- fession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. - 6 - Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from pri- vate nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and method- ological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the sur- veys. Among these are: --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because in- dividuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The ef- fect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctua- tions may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by ad- justing the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make non- seasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to ana- lyze changes in economic activity. - 7 - Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most super- sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating in- dependently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by di- rectly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the en- tire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 stand- ard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -330,000 to 530,000 (100,000 +/- 430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, oc- curred. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent con- fidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of esti- mates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can also im- prove the stability of the monthly estimates. - 8 - The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component uses business deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of busi- ness, but imputing to them the same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was de- rived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.2 percent, ranging from less than 0.05 percent to 0.4 percent. Additional statistics and other information More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order pay- able to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or Visa. Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the household and establishment survey data published in this release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its "Explanatory Notes." For the establish- ment survey data, the sampling error measures and the actual size of re- visions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables 2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 225,236 227,763 227,975 225,236 227,204 227,425 227,553 227,763 227,975 Civilian labor force............................ 147,745 149,686 150,027 148,217 150,183 150,153 150,114 150,449 150,652 Participation rate........................ 65.6 65.7 65.8 65.8 66.1 66.0 66.0 66.1 66.1 Employed...................................... 139,759 141,994 142,772 140,601 142,611 142,779 143,074 143,257 143,641 Employment-population ratio............... 62.0 62.3 62.6 62.4 62.8 62.8 62.9 62.9 63.0 Unemployed.................................... 7,986 7,692 7,255 7,616 7,572 7,375 7,040 7,193 7,011 Unemployment rate......................... 5.4 5.1 4.8 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.7 Not in labor force.............................. 77,492 78,077 77,948 77,019 77,021 77,271 77,439 77,314 77,323 Persons who currently want a job.............. 4,858 4,800 4,729 4,973 4,887 5,167 4,962 4,949 4,865 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 108,703 110,048 110,161 108,703 109,745 109,863 109,936 110,048 110,161 Civilian labor force............................ 79,242 80,148 80,624 79,618 80,394 80,431 80,525 80,771 81,031 Participation rate........................ 72.9 72.8 73.2 73.2 73.3 73.2 73.2 73.4 73.6 Employed...................................... 74,612 75,749 76,488 75,436 76,410 76,529 76,857 76,888 77,273 Employment-population ratio............... 68.6 68.8 69.4 69.4 69.6 69.7 69.9 69.9 70.1 Unemployed.................................... 4,631 4,400 4,136 4,181 3,984 3,902 3,668 3,883 3,758 Unemployment rate......................... 5.8 5.5 5.1 5.3 5.0 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.6 Not in labor force.............................. 29,460 29,900 29,537 29,085 29,351 29,432 29,411 29,278 29,129 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 100,419 101,657 101,754 100,419 101,383 101,489 101,560 101,657 101,754 Civilian labor force............................ 75,802 76,753 77,125 75,965 76,722 76,786 76,928 77,115 77,335 Participation rate........................ 75.5 75.5 75.8 75.6 75.7 75.7 75.7 75.9 76.0 Employed...................................... 71,893 72,988 73,610 72,513 73,441 73,468 73,844 73,857 74,197 Employment-population ratio............... 71.6 71.8 72.3 72.2 72.4 72.4 72.7 72.7 72.9 Unemployed.................................... 3,909 3,765 3,514 3,453 3,282 3,318 3,084 3,258 3,137 Unemployment rate......................... 5.2 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.0 4.2 4.1 Not in labor force.............................. 24,616 24,904 24,629 24,453 24,660 24,703 24,631 24,542 24,419 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 116,534 117,715 117,814 116,534 117,459 117,562 117,617 117,715 117,814 Civilian labor force............................ 68,503 69,538 69,403 68,599 69,789 69,722 69,589 69,679 69,621 Participation rate........................ 58.8 59.1 58.9 58.9 59.4 59.3 59.2 59.2 59.1 Employed...................................... 65,147 66,246 66,285 65,165 66,200 66,250 66,217 66,369 66,368 Employment-population ratio............... 55.9 56.3 56.3 55.9 56.4 56.4 56.3 56.4 56.3 Unemployed.................................... 3,356 3,292 3,119 3,434 3,588 3,473 3,372 3,309 3,252 Unemployment rate......................... 4.9 4.7 4.5 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.7 Not in labor force.............................. 48,031 48,177 48,411 47,934 47,670 47,840 48,028 48,037 48,193 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 108,486 109,562 109,646 108,486 109,332 109,425 109,478 109,562 109,646 Civilian labor force............................ 65,225 66,151 66,068 65,080 66,223 66,215 66,022 66,081 66,038 Participation rate........................ 60.1 60.4 60.3 60.0 60.6 60.5 60.3 60.3 60.2 Employed...................................... 62,295 63,306 63,405 62,129 63,170 63,249 63,163 63,262 63,305 Employment-population ratio............... 57.4 57.8 57.8 57.3 57.8 57.8 57.7 57.7 57.7 Unemployed.................................... 2,930 2,845 2,663 2,952 3,053 2,966 2,859 2,819 2,733 Unemployment rate......................... 4.5 4.3 4.0 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.1 Not in labor force.............................. 43,261 43,410 43,577 43,406 43,109 43,209 43,456 43,481 43,608 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 16,332 16,545 16,575 16,332 16,489 16,511 16,515 16,545 16,575 Civilian labor force............................ 6,718 6,782 6,834 7,172 7,238 7,152 7,164 7,253 7,279 Participation rate........................ 41.1 41.0 41.2 43.9 43.9 43.3 43.4 43.8 43.9 Employed...................................... 5,570 5,700 5,757 5,960 6,000 6,061 6,067 6,138 6,139 Employment-population ratio............... 34.1 34.5 34.7 36.5 36.4 36.7 36.7 37.1 37.0 Unemployed.................................... 1,147 1,082 1,077 1,212 1,238 1,091 1,097 1,115 1,140 Unemployment rate......................... 17.1 15.9 15.8 16.9 17.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.7 Not in labor force.............................. 9,614 9,764 9,741 9,160 9,251 9,359 9,352 9,292 9,296 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, race, sex, and age Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 183,888 185,570 185,704 183,888 185,187 185,327 185,436 185,570 185,704 Civilian labor force............................ 121,193 122,539 122,647 121,492 122,813 122,994 123,168 123,022 123,103 Participation rate.......................... 65.9 66.0 66.0 66.1 66.3 66.4 66.4 66.3 66.3 Employed...................................... 115,529 116,967 117,498 116,187 117,598 117,729 118,071 117,926 118,193 Employment-population ratio................. 62.8 63.0 63.3 63.2 63.5 63.5 63.7 63.5 63.6 Unemployed.................................... 5,664 5,572 5,149 5,306 5,215 5,264 5,097 5,096 4,910 Unemployment rate........................... 4.7 4.5 4.2 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.1 4.0 Not in labor force.............................. 62,695 63,031 63,057 62,395 62,374 62,333 62,268 62,548 62,601 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 63,355 63,921 64,208 63,498 63,827 64,028 64,250 64,181 64,382 Participation rate.......................... 76.1 76.0 76.3 76.3 76.0 76.2 76.4 76.3 76.5 Employed...................................... 60,460 61,129 61,620 60,996 61,498 61,586 61,924 61,836 62,128 Employment-population ratio................. 72.6 72.7 73.2 73.3 73.3 73.3 73.7 73.5 73.8 Unemployed.................................... 2,894 2,791 2,588 2,502 2,328 2,441 2,326 2,345 2,254 Unemployment rate........................... 4.6 4.4 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.5 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 52,287 53,056 52,851 52,071 53,037 53,067 52,913 52,890 52,749 Participation rate.......................... 59.4 59.8 59.6 59.2 59.9 59.9 59.7 59.6 59.5 Employed...................................... 50,333 51,046 51,005 50,117 50,976 51,034 50,938 50,895 50,853 Employment-population ratio................. 57.2 57.6 57.5 57.0 57.6 57.6 57.5 57.4 57.3 Unemployed.................................... 1,954 2,010 1,846 1,954 2,061 2,034 1,974 1,994 1,895 Unemployment rate........................... 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.6 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 5,551 5,562 5,588 5,923 5,949 5,899 6,005 5,951 5,973 Participation rate.......................... 43.9 43.6 43.7 46.8 46.7 46.3 47.1 46.6 46.7 Employed...................................... 4,736 4,792 4,873 5,073 5,123 5,110 5,209 5,195 5,212 Employment-population ratio................. 37.4 37.5 38.1 40.1 40.2 40.1 40.8 40.7 40.7 Unemployed.................................... 815 770 715 850 826 789 797 756 761 Unemployment rate........................... 14.7 13.9 12.8 14.4 13.9 13.4 13.3 12.7 12.7 BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 26,377 26,826 26,865 26,377 26,705 26,744 26,788 26,826 26,865 Civilian labor force............................ 16,673 17,049 17,218 16,801 17,118 16,979 16,982 17,273 17,334 Participation rate.......................... 63.2 63.6 64.1 63.7 64.1 63.5 63.4 64.4 64.5 Employed...................................... 14,917 15,405 15,596 15,069 15,299 15,397 15,476 15,660 15,726 Employment-population ratio................. 56.6 57.4 58.1 57.1 57.3 57.6 57.8 58.4 58.5 Unemployed.................................... 1,756 1,644 1,623 1,733 1,819 1,582 1,506 1,614 1,608 Unemployment rate........................... 10.5 9.6 9.4 10.3 10.6 9.3 8.9 9.3 9.3 Not in labor force.............................. 9,704 9,778 9,647 9,576 9,587 9,766 9,806 9,553 9,531 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,388 7,605 7,638 7,445 7,556 7,553 7,520 7,682 7,703 Participation rate.......................... 69.7 70.5 70.7 70.2 70.4 70.2 69.8 71.2 71.3 Employed...................................... 6,660 6,877 6,970 6,751 6,849 6,903 6,959 7,030 7,062 Employment-population ratio................. 62.8 63.7 64.5 63.7 63.8 64.2 64.6 65.2 65.4 Unemployed.................................... 728 728 668 694 707 651 561 652 641 Unemployment rate........................... 9.9 9.6 8.7 9.3 9.4 8.6 7.5 8.5 8.3 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 8,497 8,602 8,707 8,523 8,714 8,633 8,681 8,668 8,725 Participation rate.......................... 63.8 63.7 64.4 64.0 64.8 64.1 64.4 64.2 64.5 Employed...................................... 7,736 7,925 8,049 7,759 7,927 7,896 7,981 7,990 8,058 Employment-population ratio................. 58.1 58.7 59.5 58.3 58.9 58.6 59.2 59.2 59.6 Unemployed.................................... 761 676 658 764 787 738 700 678 667 Unemployment rate........................... 9.0 7.9 7.6 9.0 9.0 8.5 8.1 7.8 7.6 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 788 842 873 834 848 792 781 924 905 Participation rate.......................... 32.0 33.3 34.4 33.9 33.8 31.5 30.9 36.5 35.6 Employed...................................... 521 603 577 558 523 598 536 640 606 Employment-population ratio................. 21.2 23.8 22.7 22.7 20.8 23.8 21.2 25.3 23.9 Unemployed.................................... 267 239 296 275 326 194 245 284 299 Unemployment rate........................... 33.8 28.4 33.9 33.0 38.4 24.4 31.4 30.8 33.1 ASIAN Civilian noninstutional population................ 9,732 10,032 10,078 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Civilian labor force............................ 6,423 6,647 6,744 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 66.0 66.3 66.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 6,175 6,437 6,511 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 63.4 64.2 64.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 248 210 232 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 3.9 3.2 3.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Not in labor force.............................. 3,309 3,385 3,334 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 28,815 29,707 29,793 28,815 29,552 29,645 29,622 29,707 29,793 Civilian labor force............................ 19,531 20,342 20,416 19,553 20,214 20,292 20,528 20,485 20,489 Participation rate.......................... 67.8 68.5 68.5 67.9 68.4 68.4 69.3 69.0 68.8 Employed...................................... 18,331 19,116 19,290 18,431 18,991 19,066 19,344 19,356 19,385 Employment-population ratio................. 63.6 64.3 64.7 64.0 64.3 64.3 65.3 65.2 65.1 Unemployed.................................... 1,200 1,226 1,126 1,123 1,223 1,226 1,184 1,129 1,104 Unemployment rate........................... 6.1 6.0 5.5 5.7 6.1 6.0 5.8 5.5 5.4 Not in labor force.............................. 9,284 9,365 9,376 9,261 9,338 9,353 9,094 9,222 9,304 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 11,303 11,731 11,785 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 84.2 84.6 84.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 10,706 11,076 11,230 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 79.7 79.9 80.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 597 655 554 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 5.3 5.6 4.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,264 7,625 7,594 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 57.1 58.2 57.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 6,842 7,191 7,155 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 53.8 54.9 54.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 422 433 440 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 5.8 5.7 5.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 964 987 1,037 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 36.2 36.0 37.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 783 849 905 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 29.4 30.9 32.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 181 138 132 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 18.8 14.0 12.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force.............................. 12,481 12,415 12,583 12,546 12,529 12,388 12,628 12,739 12,682 Participation rate............................ 45.0 45.8 45.9 45.2 45.4 45.3 46.0 47.0 46.3 Employed........................................ 11,377 11,375 11,591 11,569 11,602 11,465 11,742 11,823 11,795 Employment-population ratio................... 41.0 41.9 42.3 41.7 42.1 41.9 42.7 43.6 43.0 Unemployed...................................... 1,104 1,040 991 977 927 923 886 915 887 Unemployment rate............................. 8.8 8.4 7.9 7.8 7.4 7.5 7.0 7.2 7.0 High school graduates, no college (1) Civilian labor force.............................. 38,339 37,894 38,506 38,264 38,372 38,173 38,001 37,913 38,310 Participation rate............................ 62.9 62.5 63.2 62.8 63.4 63.1 62.5 62.6 62.9 Employed........................................ 36,345 35,989 36,750 36,468 36,547 36,417 36,324 36,240 36,716 Employment-population ratio................... 59.6 59.4 60.3 59.8 60.4 60.2 59.7 59.8 60.2 Unemployed...................................... 1,994 1,905 1,756 1,796 1,825 1,756 1,678 1,673 1,594 Unemployment rate............................. 5.2 5.0 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.2 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force.............................. 34,879 36,075 35,593 34,778 35,411 35,498 35,535 35,745 35,508 Participation rate............................ 72.9 72.2 72.5 72.7 72.3 72.4 72.5 71.6 72.3 Employed........................................ 33,459 34,675 34,208 33,411 34,059 34,115 34,290 34,442 34,178 Employment-population ratio................... 70.0 69.4 69.7 69.9 69.5 69.6 69.9 69.0 69.6 Unemployed...................................... 1,421 1,400 1,385 1,366 1,352 1,383 1,246 1,302 1,329 Unemployment rate............................. 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.5 3.6 3.7 Bachelor's degree and higher (2) Civilian labor force.............................. 40,537 41,686 41,838 40,430 41,600 42,097 41,837 41,731 41,810 Participation rate............................ 77.8 78.2 77.9 77.6 78.1 78.4 78.3 78.3 77.9 Employed........................................ 39,589 40,773 40,932 39,450 40,665 41,187 40,955 40,808 40,876 Employment-population ratio................... 76.0 76.5 76.2 75.7 76.3 76.7 76.6 76.6 76.1 Unemployed...................................... 948 913 907 980 936 910 882 923 935 Unemployment rate............................. 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries................ 2,025 1,946 2,010 2,199 2,154 2,130 2,198 2,224 2,194 Wage and salary workers......................... 1,090 1,084 1,117 1,222 1,187 1,187 1,266 1,281 1,255 Self-employed workers........................... 914 843 880 961 928 921 897 919 931 Unpaid family workers........................... 21 19 13 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Nonagricultural industries........................ 137,734 140,048 140,762 138,416 140,427 140,638 140,862 141,000 141,464 Wage and salary workers......................... 128,138 130,404 131,178 128,567 131,001 131,170 131,185 131,189 131,638 Government.................................... 20,483 20,013 20,385 20,326 20,224 20,192 19,952 19,966 20,200 Private industries............................ 107,654 110,392 110,793 108,230 110,787 111,021 111,266 111,229 111,431 Private households.......................... 762 812 772 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Other industries............................ 106,893 109,580 110,021 107,433 110,039 110,261 110,440 110,394 110,625 Self-employed workers........................... 9,498 9,576 9,514 9,738 9,274 9,370 9,550 9,730 9,706 Unpaid family workers........................... 98 68 70 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME (2) All industries: Part time for economic reasons.................... 4,514 4,403 4,097 4,367 4,175 4,138 4,133 4,204 3,989 Slack work or business conditions............. 2,795 2,843 2,598 2,652 2,595 2,541 2,649 2,655 2,494 Could only find part-time work................ 1,455 1,247 1,183 1,423 1,246 1,246 1,226 1,238 1,191 Part time for noneconomic reasons............... 19,955 20,134 19,747 19,437 19,612 19,582 19,708 19,564 19,373 Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons.................... 4,433 4,296 3,983 4,290 4,105 4,051 4,064 4,107 3,884 Slack work or business conditions............. 2,745 2,763 2,509 2,597 2,567 2,508 2,606 2,590 2,382 Could only find part-time work................ 1,439 1,246 1,182 1,418 1,230 1,230 1,198 1,225 1,177 Part time for noneconomic reasons............... 19,638 19,822 19,407 19,130 19,235 19,214 19,368 19,199 19,044 1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Selected employment indicators (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Characteristic Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over.......................... 139,759 141,994 142,772 140,601 142,611 142,779 143,074 143,257 143,641 16 to 19 years.................................. 5,570 5,700 5,757 5,960 6,000 6,061 6,067 6,138 6,139 16 to 17 years................................ 2,101 2,177 2,109 2,341 2,285 2,334 2,280 2,348 2,321 18 to 19 years................................ 3,469 3,523 3,648 3,665 3,694 3,713 3,788 3,791 3,848 20 years and over............................... 134,188 136,294 137,015 134,641 136,610 136,717 137,007 137,119 137,502 20 to 24 years................................ 13,419 13,482 13,534 13,704 13,931 13,840 13,713 13,801 13,820 25 years and over............................. 120,769 122,812 123,481 120,890 122,731 122,906 123,302 123,261 123,575 25 to 54 years.............................. 97,789 98,701 99,109 98,000 98,849 98,934 99,216 99,146 99,315 25 to 34 years............................ 30,228 30,571 30,815 30,406 30,920 30,866 30,860 30,789 30,973 35 to 44 years............................ 34,575 34,459 34,494 34,613 34,513 34,581 34,632 34,630 34,553 45 to 54 years............................ 32,986 33,672 33,800 32,981 33,416 33,486 33,724 33,727 33,790 55 years and over........................... 22,980 24,111 24,372 22,889 23,883 23,972 24,086 24,114 24,260 Men, 16 years and over............................ 74,612 75,749 76,488 75,436 76,410 76,529 76,857 76,888 77,273 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,718 2,760 2,877 2,924 2,970 3,061 3,013 3,031 3,076 16 to 17 years................................ 997 968 1,030 1,134 1,062 1,090 1,064 1,078 1,132 18 to 19 years................................ 1,721 1,792 1,847 1,829 1,890 1,951 1,943 1,968 1,965 20 years and over............................... 71,893 72,988 73,610 72,513 73,441 73,468 73,844 73,857 74,197 20 to 24 years................................ 7,028 7,185 7,212 7,209 7,330 7,356 7,297 7,373 7,389 25 years and over............................. 64,865 65,803 66,399 65,275 66,142 66,157 66,534 66,460 66,753 25 to 54 years.............................. 52,572 52,950 53,330 52,944 53,419 53,375 53,621 53,504 53,676 25 to 34 years............................ 16,580 16,766 17,000 16,802 17,103 17,080 17,106 17,012 17,200 35 to 44 years............................ 18,681 18,614 18,660 18,805 18,745 18,739 18,818 18,796 18,782 45 to 54 years............................ 17,310 17,570 17,670 17,338 17,571 17,556 17,697 17,696 17,694 55 years and over........................... 12,293 12,853 13,069 12,331 12,723 12,782 12,913 12,956 13,077 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 65,147 66,246 66,285 65,165 66,200 66,250 66,217 66,369 66,368 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,852 2,940 2,880 3,036 3,031 3,000 3,054 3,107 3,063 16 to 17 years................................ 1,104 1,208 1,079 1,207 1,223 1,245 1,216 1,270 1,188 18 to 19 years................................ 1,748 1,731 1,801 1,836 1,804 1,762 1,845 1,824 1,883 20 years and over............................... 62,295 63,306 63,405 62,129 63,170 63,249 63,163 63,262 63,305 20 to 24 years................................ 6,391 6,297 6,323 6,495 6,601 6,484 6,415 6,428 6,431 25 years and over............................. 55,904 57,009 57,082 55,614 56,589 56,749 56,769 56,801 56,822 25 to 54 years.............................. 45,217 45,751 45,779 45,056 45,430 45,559 45,596 45,643 45,639 25 to 34 years............................ 13,647 13,805 13,815 13,605 13,817 13,786 13,754 13,777 13,773 35 to 44 years............................ 15,894 15,845 15,834 15,808 15,768 15,843 15,814 15,834 15,770 45 to 54 years............................ 15,676 16,101 16,130 15,643 15,845 15,930 16,027 16,031 16,096 55 years and over........................... 10,687 11,258 11,303 10,558 11,159 11,190 11,173 11,158 11,183 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present....................... 45,199 45,486 45,624 45,408 45,480 45,469 45,790 45,679 45,806 Married women, spouse present..................... 34,431 35,176 35,139 34,310 34,910 34,948 35,167 35,039 35,074 Women who maintain families....................... 8,909 8,930 8,987 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers (2)............................. 114,431 116,823 117,693 115,767 117,860 118,135 118,166 118,402 119,053 Part-time workers (3)............................. 25,328 25,171 25,079 24,727 24,814 24,743 24,931 24,794 24,559 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders......................... 7,621 7,437 7,589 7,552 7,545 7,473 7,603 7,408 7,521 Percent of total employed..................... 5.5 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.2 1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons Unemployment rates (1) (in thousands) Characteristic Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over.......................... 7,616 7,193 7,011 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.7 16 to 19 years.................................. 1,212 1,115 1,140 16.9 17.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.7 16 to 17 years................................ 557 512 529 19.2 21.4 17.8 16.5 17.9 18.6 18 to 19 years................................ 647 612 612 15.0 14.2 13.5 14.4 13.9 13.7 20 years and over............................... 6,404 6,077 5,870 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.1 20 to 24 years................................ 1,343 1,275 1,134 8.9 8.4 8.5 8.2 8.5 7.6 25 years and over............................. 5,053 4,843 4,740 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.7 25 to 54 years.............................. 4,267 4,111 4,057 4.2 4.1 4.1 3.8 4.0 3.9 25 to 34 years............................ 1,724 1,697 1,577 5.4 5.0 5.0 4.6 5.2 4.8 35 to 44 years............................ 1,375 1,275 1,363 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.8 45 to 54 years............................ 1,168 1,140 1,117 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.2 55 years and over........................... 824 731 673 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.7 Men, 16 years and over............................ 4,181 3,883 3,758 5.3 5.0 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.6 16 to 19 years.................................. 729 625 621 20.0 19.1 16.0 16.2 17.1 16.8 16 to 17 years................................ 332 292 291 22.7 23.6 19.8 17.0 21.3 20.5 18 to 19 years................................ 391 337 330 17.6 15.6 13.8 15.4 14.6 14.4 20 years and over............................... 3,453 3,258 3,137 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.0 4.2 4.1 20 to 24 years................................ 761 738 671 9.6 9.1 9.2 8.9 9.1 8.3 25 years and over............................. 2,726 2,554 2,487 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.7 3.6 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,273 2,174 2,125 4.1 3.8 3.9 3.5 3.9 3.8 25 to 34 years............................ 908 932 804 5.1 4.5 4.4 4.2 5.2 4.5 35 to 44 years............................ 744 613 698 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.2 3.2 3.6 45 to 54 years............................ 621 629 623 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.4 55 years and over........................... 453 380 362 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.2 2.8 2.7 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 3,434 3,309 3,252 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.7 16 to 19 years.................................. 483 490 520 13.7 15.0 14.4 14.4 13.6 14.5 16 to 17 years................................ 225 220 238 15.7 19.5 16.1 16.1 14.7 16.7 18 to 19 years................................ 256 274 282 12.2 12.7 13.2 13.2 13.1 13.0 20 years and over............................... 2,952 2,819 2,733 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.1 20 to 24 years................................ 581 537 463 8.2 7.5 7.7 7.4 7.7 6.7 25 years and over............................. 2,327 2,288 2,253 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.8 25 to 54 years.............................. 1,994 1,937 1,932 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.1 4.1 4.1 25 to 34 years............................ 815 764 773 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.1 5.3 5.3 35 to 44 years............................ 631 662 665 3.8 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.0 4.0 45 to 54 years............................ 548 510 494 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.2 3.1 3.0 55 years and over (2)....................... 356 358 289 3.2 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.1 2.5 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present....................... 1,359 1,136 1,146 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.4 Married women, spouse present..................... 1,057 1,053 956 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.7 Women who maintain families (2)................... 772 728 729 8.0 7.2 6.9 8.2 7.5 7.5 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers (3)............................. 6,181 5,807 5,684 5.1 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.6 Part-time workers (4)............................. 1,408 1,354 1,310 5.4 5.7 5.5 4.8 5.2 5.1 1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Reason Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs............................................. 4,067 3,846 3,707 3,759 3,455 3,486 3,336 3,361 3,412 On temporary layoff............................. 1,181 1,228 1,151 955 899 935 873 885 918 Not on temporary layoff......................... 2,885 2,618 2,555 2,804 2,556 2,552 2,462 2,477 2,494 Permanent job losers.......................... 2,113 1,834 1,855 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Persons who completed temporary jobs.......... 772 784 700 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Job leavers....................................... 872 878 819 855 900 841 839 849 817 Reentrants........................................ 2,427 2,381 2,182 2,368 2,538 2,430 2,314 2,313 2,158 New entrants...................................... 620 588 548 706 679 644 622 680 634 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs............................................ 50.9 50.0 51.1 48.9 45.6 47.1 46.9 46.7 48.6 On temporary layoff............................ 14.8 16.0 15.9 12.4 11.9 12.6 12.3 12.3 13.1 Not on temporary layoff........................ 36.1 34.0 35.2 36.5 33.8 34.5 34.6 34.4 35.5 Job leavers...................................... 10.9 11.4 11.3 11.1 11.9 11.4 11.8 11.8 11.6 Reentrants....................................... 30.4 30.9 30.1 30.8 33.5 32.8 32.5 32.1 30.7 New entrants..................................... 7.8 7.6 7.5 9.2 9.0 8.7 8.7 9.4 9.0 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs............................................ 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 Job leavers...................................... .6 .6 .5 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .5 Reentrants....................................... 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 New entrants..................................... .4 .4 .4 .5 .5 .4 .4 .5 .4 1 Data not available. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Duration Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks................................. 2,274 2,473 2,434 2,498 2,779 2,764 2,556 2,595 2,676 5 to 14 weeks..................................... 2,553 2,485 2,186 2,318 2,268 2,240 2,263 2,074 2,011 15 weeks and over................................. 3,160 2,735 2,634 2,793 2,492 2,417 2,241 2,482 2,333 15 to 26 weeks................................. 1,443 1,338 1,282 1,157 1,108 1,068 1,090 1,126 1,044 27 weeks and over.............................. 1,717 1,396 1,352 1,636 1,383 1,350 1,151 1,356 1,288 Average (mean) duration, in weeks................. 20.4 17.9 17.8 19.3 17.6 17.3 16.8 17.6 16.9 Median duration, in weeks......................... 10.7 9.6 9.9 9.2 8.5 8.5 8.4 8.9 8.5 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than 5 weeks............................... 28.5 32.1 33.6 32.8 36.9 37.2 36.2 36.3 38.1 5 to 14 weeks................................... 32.0 32.3 30.1 30.5 30.1 30.2 32.1 29.0 28.6 15 weeks and over............................... 39.6 35.6 36.3 36.7 33.0 32.6 31.7 34.7 33.2 15 to 26 weeks................................ 18.1 17.4 17.7 15.2 14.7 14.4 15.4 15.7 14.9 27 weeks and over............................. 21.5 18.2 18.6 21.5 18.3 18.2 16.3 19.0 18.4 NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Unemployment Employed Unemployed rates Occupation Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 Total, 16 years and over (1)................................ 139,759 142,772 7,986 7,255 5.4 4.8 Management, professional, and related occupations................ 48,755 49,977 1,142 1,049 2.3 2.1 Management, business, and financial operations occupations..... 20,240 21,130 494 464 2.4 2.1 Professional and related occupations........................... 28,516 28,847 647 585 2.2 2.0 Service occupations.............................................. 22,577 23,261 1,686 1,601 6.9 6.4 Sales and office occupations..................................... 35,503 36,014 1,810 1,675 4.9 4.4 Sales and related occupations.................................. 16,382 16,677 823 818 4.8 4.7 Office and administrative support occupations.................. 19,121 19,337 988 857 4.9 4.2 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations..... 14,864 15,193 1,354 1,207 8.3 7.4 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 881 856 139 124 13.7 12.7 Construction and extraction occupations........................ 8,690 9,125 975 869 10.1 8.7 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.............. 5,293 5,211 239 214 4.3 3.9 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations...... 18,059 18,327 1,352 1,154 7.0 5.9 Production occupations......................................... 9,464 9,639 747 541 7.3 5.3 Transportation and material moving occupations................. 8,595 8,688 605 613 6.6 6.6 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed Unemployment persons rates Industry and class of worker (in thousands) Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. 2005 2006 2005 2006 Total, 16 years and over (1).............................. 7,986 7,255 5.4 4.8 Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................. 6,446 5,830 5.6 5.0 Mining......................................................... 32 14 5.2 2.1 Construction................................................... 961 820 10.3 8.5 Manufacturing.................................................. 879 701 5.3 4.1 Durable goods................................................ 507 409 4.8 3.7 Nondurable goods............................................. 372 292 6.1 4.8 Wholesale and retail trade..................................... 1,173 1,022 5.6 4.9 Transportation and utilities................................... 267 263 4.8 4.7 Information.................................................... 177 116 6.0 3.5 Financial activities........................................... 261 298 2.7 3.1 Professional and business services............................. 807 824 6.5 6.3 Education and health services.................................. 614 563 3.4 3.0 Leisure and hospitality........................................ 967 917 8.3 8.0 Other services................................................. 308 292 5.0 4.6 Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......... 139 117 11.8 9.8 Government workers............................................... 468 461 2.2 2.2 Self employed and unpaid family workers.......................... 312 300 2.9 2.8 1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization (Percent) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Measure Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force........................................................... 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force.............................................. 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate).................................................... 5.4 5.1 4.8 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.7 U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers.................................. 5.7 5.4 5.1 5.4 5.3 5.2 4.9 5.0 4.9 U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers........................................... 6.4 6.1 5.8 6.1 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.7 5.6 U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers...................... 9.4 9.0 8.5 9.1 8.7 8.6 8.4 8.5 8.2 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Total Men Women Category Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force................................ 77,492 77,948 29,460 29,537 48,031 48,411 Persons who currently want a job.......................... 4,858 4,729 2,183 2,105 2,675 2,624 Searched for work and available to work now (1).......... 1,588 1,468 807 701 781 767 Reason not currently looking: Discouragement over job prospects (2)........... 480 451 307 271 173 180 Reasons other than discouragement (3).......... 1,108 1,017 500 430 608 588 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders (4)............................... 7,621 7,589 3,832 3,817 3,789 3,772 Percent of total employed............................... 5.5 5.3 5.1 5.0 5.8 5.7 Primary job full time, secondary job part time.......... 3,941 3,925 2,236 2,226 1,706 1,698 Primary and secondary jobs both part time............... 1,765 1,713 541 472 1,224 1,242 Primary and secondary jobs both full time............... 250 302 139 194 112 108 Hours vary on primary or secondary job.................. 1,618 1,611 896 907 722 704 1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. from: 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006p 2006p Feb. 2006- Mar. 2006p Total nonfarm......... 132,038 132,328 133,201 134,140 132,876 134,231 134,376 134,530 134,755 134,966 211 Total private........... 109,892 110,604 111,009 111,837 111,129 112,351 112,498 112,686 112,876 113,063 187 Goods-producing............. 21,640 21,765 21,798 21,942 22,077 22,264 22,282 22,335 22,366 22,375 9 Natural resources and mining.... 602 632 636 645 616 641 644 648 652 659 7 Logging...................... 63.7 60.5 59.8 58.7 68.1 62.1 62.0 62.1 62.1 62.9 .8 Mining......................... 538.7 571.9 576.3 586.6 547.9 579.3 582.1 585.6 590.1 595.9 5.8 Oil and gas extraction........ 123.7 128.5 129.6 131.3 124.8 128.9 128.7 129.9 130.8 132.0 1.2 Mining, except oil and gas(1). 202.5 204.7 206.2 209.7 208.9 215.0 214.3 214.4 215.5 216.6 1.1 Coal mining.................. 71.8 75.7 76.2 76.8 72.3 75.1 75.4 76.0 76.7 77.4 .7 Support activities for mining. 212.5 238.7 240.5 245.6 214.2 235.4 239.1 241.3 243.8 247.3 3.5 Construction.................... 6,838 7,023 7,045 7,147 7,193 7,409 7,416 7,460 7,497 7,504 7 Construction of buildings..... 1,627.6 1,685.7 1,676.9 1,701.1 1,685.2 1,722.4 1,727.2 1,742.5 1,745.4 1,755.0 9.6 Residential building......... 911.3 944.5 941.0 954.0 943.6 963.6 966.8 976.4 979.8 985.3 5.5 Nonresidential building...... 716.3 741.2 735.9 747.1 741.6 758.8 760.4 766.1 765.6 769.7 4.1 Heavy and civil engineering construction................. 841.9 876.1 881.8 904.7 931.0 977.1 974.8 987.0 993.9 994.6 .7 Specialty trade contractors... 4,368.6 4,461.6 4,485.8 4,541.0 4,576.8 4,709.4 4,714.3 4,730.8 4,757.6 4,754.5 -3.1 Residential specialty trade contractors................. 2,136.7 2,229.4 2,236.8 2,258.4 2,235.3 2,339.4 2,347.3 2,358.8 2,374.2 2,363.5 -10.7 Nonresidential specialty trade contractors........... 2,231.9 2,232.2 2,249.0 2,282.6 2,341.5 2,370.0 2,367.0 2,372.0 2,383.4 2,391.0 7.6 Manufacturing................... 14,200 14,110 14,117 14,150 14,268 14,214 14,222 14,227 14,217 14,212 -5 Production workers........... 9,996 10,062 10,067 10,101 10,054 10,103 10,123 10,155 10,150 10,154 4 Durable goods.................. 8,930 8,917 8,928 8,955 8,959 8,960 8,970 8,977 8,975 8,981 6 Production workers........... 6,166 6,278 6,284 6,315 6,186 6,274 6,299 6,323 6,321 6,333 12 Wood products................. 550.5 550.1 548.3 550.6 559.3 556.7 558.9 560.7 558.6 559.0 .4 Nonmetallic mineral products.. 491.1 487.3 486.6 494.4 504.6 502.0 500.7 505.1 505.8 507.1 1.3 Primary metals................ 468.8 472.6 470.8 470.8 468.8 471.5 469.4 472.9 470.3 470.7 .4 Fabricated metal products..... 1,510.9 1,521.0 1,523.2 1,529.2 1,515.0 1,524.1 1,526.7 1,527.7 1,530.3 1,532.3 2.0 Machinery..................... 1,157.3 1,162.2 1,168.4 1,171.4 1,156.2 1,164.4 1,166.9 1,163.4 1,167.9 1,169.4 1.5 Computer and electronic products(1).................. 1,312.1 1,312.4 1,318.6 1,321.9 1,315.3 1,322.0 1,322.2 1,317.3 1,322.0 1,325.5 3.5 Computer and peripheral equipment................... 204.5 201.7 201.2 203.2 204.6 206.3 205.7 201.7 201.9 203.7 1.8 Communications equipment..... 146.5 147.7 149.0 146.9 147.0 148.0 149.2 147.3 148.4 147.5 -.9 Semiconductors and electronic components.................. 449.7 447.9 451.2 453.1 451.2 450.6 451.0 451.2 452.9 454.4 1.5 Electronic instruments....... 434.0 441.3 444.3 446.0 435.0 442.0 441.7 443.1 445.5 447.1 1.6 Electrical equipment and appliances................... 438.1 436.4 437.5 438.5 438.5 434.3 434.4 436.5 437.0 438.1 1.1 Transportation equipment(1)... 1,784.7 1,772.4 1,767.6 1,768.0 1,781.1 1,771.8 1,776.7 1,781.6 1,769.6 1,764.7 -4.9 Motor vehicles and parts(2).. 1,116.2 1,088.5 1,081.3 1,083.3 1,110.7 1,092.4 1,092.1 1,095.8 1,080.9 1,079.0 -1.9 Furniture and related products 567.5 553.2 552.9 557.9 568.4 558.4 558.0 557.4 557.5 558.3 .8 Miscellaneous manufacturing... 648.9 649.0 653.6 652.3 652.2 654.7 655.8 654.1 656.1 655.7 -.4 Nondurable goods............... 5,270 5,193 5,189 5,195 5,309 5,254 5,252 5,250 5,242 5,231 -11 Production workers........... 3,830 3,784 3,783 3,786 3,868 3,829 3,824 3,832 3,829 3,821 -8 Food manufacturing............ 1,457.5 1,441.4 1,434.3 1,434.7 1,482.8 1,465.0 1,466.0 1,463.4 1,461.2 1,459.1 -2.1 Beverages and tobacco products 186.9 190.2 189.8 189.4 192.0 193.4 192.3 194.4 194.1 194.3 .2 Textile mills................. 223.9 206.3 205.2 203.4 223.7 210.9 209.0 208.6 206.1 203.0 -3.1 Textile product mills......... 171.9 173.3 172.6 173.4 171.5 174.5 173.9 175.4 174.3 173.1 -1.2 Apparel....................... 265.1 246.7 251.7 253.5 265.5 253.7 253.5 253.7 253.3 253.0 -.3 Leather and allied products... 39.7 38.5 38.0 37.8 39.5 39.5 39.7 38.9 38.3 37.8 -.5 Paper and paper products...... 488.2 476.5 475.3 474.0 490.4 478.5 478.1 477.7 477.6 475.9 -1.7 Printing and related support activities................... 647.8 637.9 638.5 641.1 650.9 644.8 644.0 643.4 643.8 643.7 -.1 Petroleum and coal products... 109.4 107.5 109.6 111.2 111.6 112.3 112.3 111.5 112.8 113.4 .6 Chemicals..................... 877.4 883.5 882.7 887.0 877.9 881.5 884.0 886.4 885.5 886.5 1.0 Plastics and rubber products.. 802.2 791.3 791.5 789.3 803.1 799.4 798.9 796.2 795.0 790.9 -4.1 Service-providing........... 110,398 110,563 111,403 112,198 110,799 111,967 112,094 112,195 112,389 112,591 202 Private service-providing.. 88,252 88,839 89,211 89,895 89,052 90,087 90,216 90,351 90,510 90,688 178 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 25,501 25,835 25,656 25,781 25,822 26,006 26,015 26,042 26,068 26,100 32 Wholesale trade................ 5,699.0 5,753.8 5,762.6 5,795.0 5,726.4 5,782.7 5,783.8 5,801.8 5,809.6 5,820.3 10.7 Durable goods................. 2,968.4 3,012.5 3,015.8 3,028.6 2,979.2 3,010.5 3,017.6 3,028.5 3,031.7 3,038.2 6.5 Nondurable goods.............. 2,006.4 1,999.1 2,005.1 2,016.0 2,020.6 2,028.9 2,023.9 2,025.6 2,029.1 2,029.2 .1 Electronic markets and agents and brokers.................. 724.2 742.2 741.7 750.4 726.6 743.3 742.3 747.7 748.8 752.9 4.1 Retail trade...................14,950.9 15,174.6 14,995.8 15,083.0 15,211.1 15,292.9 15,300.3 15,300.4 15,312.5 15,341.9 29.4 Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)................... 1,903.9 1,881.9 1,888.4 1,898.0 1,915.5 1,914.3 1,914.7 1,910.2 1,913.1 1,911.2 -1.9 Automobile dealers........... 1,257.5 1,235.8 1,239.1 1,240.8 1,259.7 1,254.5 1,252.4 1,248.0 1,247.9 1,244.8 -3.1 Furniture and home furnishings stores....................... 567.4 593.5 586.6 587.3 572.3 583.3 583.0 589.6 591.2 592.0 .8 Electronics and appliance stores....................... 522.3 539.7 533.1 535.4 528.0 541.2 540.5 534.2 538.6 540.8 2.2 Building material and garden supply stores................ 1,243.0 1,237.2 1,248.1 1,289.7 1,269.4 1,281.6 1,290.9 1,300.1 1,308.6 1,312.9 4.3 Food and beverage stores...... 2,779.1 2,790.5 2,772.5 2,771.1 2,814.2 2,806.6 2,805.9 2,805.9 2,805.1 2,806.2 1.1 Health and personal care stores....................... 941.0 958.3 950.6 953.0 947.1 964.7 966.1 959.4 954.6 959.3 4.7 Gasoline stations............. 859.8 859.2 860.1 857.9 870.3 869.1 869.6 869.4 872.0 868.7 -3.3 Clothing and clothing accessories stores........... 1,353.5 1,438.2 1,389.3 1,387.6 1,394.4 1,434.5 1,448.1 1,434.3 1,436.5 1,431.6 -4.9 Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores............. 628.0 650.1 629.0 622.1 643.9 641.5 640.0 641.3 641.1 638.3 -2.8 General merchandise stores(1). 2,846.8 2,905.2 2,822.8 2,874.5 2,920.9 2,920.4 2,906.9 2,919.1 2,918.3 2,944.6 26.3 Department stores............ 1,545.9 1,604.1 1,542.7 1,556.1 1,601.5 1,595.2 1,595.6 1,597.5 1,599.9 1,610.1 10.2 Miscellaneous store retailers. 880.8 884.9 889.7 883.9 903.8 897.3 899.0 901.5 902.0 905.4 3.4 Nonstore retailers............ 425.3 435.9 425.6 422.5 431.3 438.4 435.6 435.4 431.4 430.9 -.5 Transportation and warehousing. 4,297.8 4,349.0 4,339.9 4,345.4 4,330.1 4,370.2 4,371.6 4,380.0 4,385.7 4,378.1 -7.6 Air transportation............ 504.2 485.0 481.4 480.0 507.4 488.9 486.9 489.0 486.1 482.9 -3.2 Rail transportation........... 226.9 225.1 225.1 225.5 228.8 227.8 227.3 227.4 227.4 227.4 .0 Water transportation.......... 56.7 61.3 59.8 60.4 58.7 63.6 63.7 63.4 62.9 62.8 -.1 Truck transportation.......... 1,359.6 1,379.7 1,373.6 1,378.8 1,385.0 1,403.7 1,404.0 1,406.0 1,405.2 1,404.8 -.4 Transit and ground passenger transportation............... 402.1 405.8 410.5 410.1 387.6 394.9 392.2 394.1 396.4 395.0 -1.4 Pipeline transportation....... 37.6 37.5 37.3 37.4 37.8 37.2 37.0 37.4 37.4 37.5 .1 Scenic and sightseeing transportation............... 22.1 22.6 22.7 24.5 28.0 31.4 31.1 30.3 31.6 32.2 .6 Support activities for transportation............... 548.4 557.5 562.9 562.4 551.3 553.9 556.2 560.7 566.1 563.8 -2.3 Couriers and messengers....... 563.5 581.7 571.7 569.5 566.2 576.8 579.7 576.8 575.6 572.6 -3.0 Warehousing and storage....... 576.7 592.8 594.9 596.8 579.3 592.0 593.5 594.9 597.0 599.1 2.1 Utilities...................... 553.5 557.3 557.5 557.8 554.8 560.1 559.7 559.3 559.9 559.2 -.7 Information..................... 3,056 3,046 3,056 3,065 3,067 3,064 3,066 3,065 3,074 3,076 2 Publishing industries, except Internet..................... 903.5 897.6 901.0 903.6 905.0 902.8 902.5 901.5 903.9 904.9 1.0 Motion picture and sound recording industries......... 363.6 381.7 378.6 385.3 373.0 383.5 387.7 391.2 391.7 394.2 2.5 Broadcasting, except Internet. 325.3 322.5 324.0 323.8 326.0 325.7 325.1 323.4 324.9 324.6 -.3 Internet publishing and broadcasting................. 30.4 29.4 30.7 30.0 30.4 30.1 30.4 29.6 30.6 30.1 -.5 Telecommunications............ 1,003.0 988.6 994.6 991.3 1,003.9 995.1 993.3 991.3 994.7 991.9 -2.8 ISPs, search portals, and data processing................... 379.4 375.3 378.2 381.8 378.3 376.7 377.8 377.4 379.0 380.7 1.7 Other information services.... 50.5 50.4 49.3 49.2 50.6 49.9 49.6 50.4 49.5 49.3 -.2 Financial activities............ 8,063 8,184 8,218 8,245 8,096 8,217 8,223 8,244 8,265 8,281 16 Finance and insurance.......... 5,980.1 6,060.7 6,093.8 6,113.1 5,982.6 6,066.7 6,068.2 6,081.8 6,100.8 6,116.8 16.0 Monetary authorities - central bank......................... 20.8 21.1 21.2 21.2 20.8 20.9 21.0 21.2 21.2 21.3 .1 Credit intermediation and related activities(1)........ 2,844.3 2,884.8 2,900.4 2,907.2 2,847.5 2,895.8 2,894.2 2,896.7 2,905.2 2,912.3 7.1 Depository credit intermediation(1)........... 1,760.5 1,789.4 1,799.6 1,805.9 1,762.6 1,793.3 1,793.2 1,793.0 1,802.2 1,808.8 6.6 Commercial banking.......... 1,291.5 1,300.0 1,308.1 1,314.2 1,293.3 1,309.0 1,306.0 1,303.3 1,310.5 1,315.9 5.4 Securities, commodity contracts, investments....... 783.1 790.6 796.0 797.9 782.7 790.7 790.4 792.9 795.7 797.6 1.9 Insurance carriers and related activities................... 2,244.1 2,277.2 2,288.0 2,298.1 2,244.5 2,271.8 2,274.8 2,283.5 2,291.0 2,297.8 6.8 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles........... 87.8 87.0 88.2 88.7 87.1 87.5 87.8 87.5 87.7 87.8 .1 Real estate and rental and leasing....................... 2,082.6 2,123.3 2,123.7 2,131.4 2,113.7 2,150.2 2,154.5 2,161.7 2,164.0 2,164.4 .4 Real estate................... 1,419.4 1,465.6 1,466.5 1,469.3 1,439.5 1,478.4 1,481.6 1,490.5 1,491.4 1,491.4 .0 Rental and leasing services... 637.7 630.5 629.8 634.7 648.1 643.9 645.0 643.3 644.7 644.9 .2 Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets............ 25.5 27.2 27.4 27.4 26.1 27.9 27.9 27.9 27.9 28.1 .2 Professional and business services....................... 16,540 16,710 16,831 17,011 16,745 17,061 17,121 17,127 17,162 17,214 52 Professional and technical services(1)................... 7,023.7 7,149.0 7,212.8 7,240.8 6,949.8 7,087.2 7,118.9 7,133.8 7,144.4 7,165.1 20.7 Legal services............... 1,156.9 1,152.4 1,150.6 1,155.3 1,165.2 1,160.0 1,160.8 1,161.8 1,160.6 1,163.6 3.0 Accounting and bookkeeping services.................... 950.9 937.2 983.4 970.4 830.0 847.5 859.0 847.0 848.1 847.7 -.4 Architectural and engineering services.................... 1,268.2 1,317.2 1,320.6 1,332.6 1,287.6 1,335.3 1,335.6 1,340.5 1,346.6 1,353.2 6.6 Computer systems design and related services............ 1,178.2 1,222.6 1,225.7 1,230.5 1,178.4 1,204.9 1,212.1 1,226.0 1,227.2 1,230.8 3.6 Management and technical consulting services......... 824.0 856.3 863.9 871.0 830.1 861.4 865.4 867.8 872.2 876.7 4.5 Management of companies and enterprises................... 1,738.8 1,759.9 1,761.4 1,763.2 1,750.6 1,743.2 1,756.7 1,772.6 1,771.5 1,770.4 -1.1 Administrative and waste services...................... 7,777.7 7,801.2 7,856.3 8,006.7 8,044.4 8,230.5 8,245.1 8,220.1 8,245.7 8,278.8 33.1 Administrative and support services(1).................. 7,448.2 7,473.9 7,528.6 7,675.9 7,708.6 7,897.8 7,911.0 7,884.9 7,910.4 7,942.1 31.7 Employment services(1)....... 3,376.3 3,416.8 3,427.0 3,509.0 3,515.1 3,663.7 3,671.0 3,638.3 3,636.5 3,656.5 20.0 Temporary help services..... 2,377.0 2,428.9 2,436.7 2,492.6 2,493.0 2,616.2 2,628.1 2,605.6 2,604.6 2,620.3 15.7 Business support services.... 767.1 752.7 765.0 770.0 764.8 754.7 751.8 760.7 763.5 765.4 1.9 Services to buildings and dwellings................... 1,599.9 1,588.0 1,600.2 1,656.7 1,713.0 1,755.4 1,751.1 1,750.0 1,764.7 1,773.3 8.6 Waste management and remediation services......... 329.5 327.3 327.7 330.8 335.8 332.7 334.1 335.2 335.3 336.7 1.4 Education and health services... 17,355 17,428 17,699 17,761 17,211 17,481 17,507 17,544 17,583 17,616 33 Educational services........... 2,960.5 2,753.4 2,989.0 3,003.5 2,804.2 2,820.2 2,827.5 2,828.5 2,839.3 2,844.0 4.7 Health care and social assistance....................14,394.9 14,674.7 14,709.6 14,757.4 14,407.2 14,661.2 14,679.6 14,715.6 14,743.3 14,771.7 28.4 Health care(3).................12,193.6 12,431.1 12,446.6 12,485.2 12,220.9 12,423.8 12,435.8 12,465.9 12,489.2 12,513.5 24.3 Ambulatory health care services(1)................. 5,048.6 5,181.0 5,196.4 5,222.2 5,061.0 5,172.7 5,181.4 5,202.1 5,217.5 5,233.4 15.9 Offices of physicians....... 2,069.7 2,139.6 2,143.9 2,150.1 2,074.4 2,128.4 2,135.8 2,143.3 2,148.9 2,154.5 5.6 Outpatient care centers..... 466.7 484.9 486.0 489.5 466.2 482.4 484.1 485.9 487.5 489.1 1.6 Home health care services... 806.2 823.2 824.4 833.5 809.4 824.3 822.1 829.1 832.2 836.1 3.9 Hospitals.................... 4,311.3 4,380.5 4,383.8 4,394.7 4,317.8 4,379.2 4,382.5 4,387.3 4,393.4 4,401.8 8.4 Nursing and residential care facilities(1)............... 2,833.7 2,869.6 2,866.4 2,868.3 2,842.1 2,871.9 2,871.9 2,876.5 2,878.3 2,878.3 .0 Nursing care facilities..... 1,573.4 1,579.2 1,573.3 1,576.0 1,577.9 1,582.5 1,582.5 1,583.5 1,582.0 1,580.8 -1.2 Social assistance(1).......... 2,201.3 2,243.6 2,263.0 2,272.2 2,186.3 2,237.4 2,243.8 2,249.7 2,254.1 2,258.2 4.1 Child day care services...... 791.3 797.7 805.4 808.3 777.3 792.9 793.3 795.1 794.9 795.0 .1 Leisure and hospitality......... 12,365 12,304 12,396 12,649 12,722 12,881 12,898 12,932 12,962 13,004 42 Arts, entertainment, and recreation.................... 1,707.3 1,673.9 1,692.2 1,749.6 1,865.4 1,907.5 1,905.9 1,903.5 1,908.4 1,914.4 6.0 Performing arts and spectator sports....................... 350.4 320.8 333.4 336.7 367.7 362.8 362.1 356.3 358.0 355.0 -3.0 Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks.............. 112.2 110.5 110.6 114.1 119.5 121.0 121.6 121.4 121.6 121.8 .2 Amusements, gambling, and recreation................... 1,244.7 1,242.6 1,248.2 1,298.8 1,378.2 1,423.7 1,422.2 1,425.8 1,428.8 1,437.6 8.8 Accommodations and food services......................10,657.3 10,630.0 10,703.7 10,899.7 10,856.1 10,973.9 10,992.3 11,028.0 11,053.9 11,089.4 35.5 Accommodations................ 1,748.0 1,717.6 1,724.1 1,748.6 1,807.6 1,811.1 1,809.2 1,808.0 1,807.4 1,809.8 2.4 Food services and drinking places....................... 8,909.3 8,912.4 8,979.6 9,151.1 9,048.5 9,162.8 9,183.1 9,220.0 9,246.5 9,279.6 33.1 Other services.................. 5,372 5,332 5,355 5,383 5,389 5,377 5,386 5,397 5,396 5,397 1 Repair and maintenance........ 1,238.9 1,228.6 1,236.7 1,243.6 1,237.7 1,232.0 1,241.4 1,240.7 1,241.3 1,240.9 -.4 Personal and laundry services. 1,269.5 1,262.9 1,261.3 1,266.3 1,276.2 1,271.1 1,270.3 1,278.4 1,276.3 1,272.5 -3.8 Membership associations and organizations................ 2,863.3 2,840.7 2,856.8 2,873.2 2,874.8 2,873.6 2,874.5 2,877.7 2,878.5 2,884.0 5.5 Government...................... 22,146 21,724 22,192 22,303 21,747 21,880 21,878 21,844 21,879 21,903 24 Federal........................ 2,716 2,685 2,690 2,693 2,730 2,728 2,713 2,705 2,707 2,707 0 Federal, except U.S. Postal Service...................... 1,945.5 1,918.2 1,924.2 1,927.5 1,956.0 1,953.1 1,941.2 1,935.6 1,938.8 1,937.8 -1.0 U.S. Postal Service........... 770.4 767.1 765.5 765.0 774.0 774.9 772.1 769.1 768.3 768.8 .5 State government............... 5,157 4,907 5,134 5,168 5,015 5,032 5,036 5,007 5,024 5,026 2 State government education.... 2,397.0 2,150.1 2,372.4 2,403.5 2,246.7 2,256.6 2,258.1 2,232.4 2,248.9 2,252.5 3.6 State government, excluding education.................... 2,760.4 2,757.0 2,761.4 2,764.9 2,767.8 2,775.8 2,777.4 2,774.9 2,774.9 2,773.2 -1.7 Local government............... 14,273 14,132 14,368 14,442 14,002 14,120 14,129 14,132 14,148 14,170 22 Local government education.... 8,185.8 8,011.5 8,237.1 8,276.8 7,829.2 7,899.3 7,906.9 7,902.6 7,912.7 7,922.4 9.7 Local government, excluding education.................... 6,087.5 6,120.1 6,131.2 6,164.7 6,172.9 6,220.6 6,222.2 6,228.9 6,234.8 6,247.2 12.4 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. from: 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006p 2006p Feb. 2006- Mar. 2006p Total private......................... 33.4 33.8 33.5 33.5 33.7 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 0.0 Goods-producing........................... 39.6 40.1 40.0 40.2 39.9 40.4 40.2 40.4 40.3 40.4 .1 Natural resources and mining.................. 44.9 45.6 44.6 44.3 45.2 45.0 45.6 46.1 45.0 44.8 -.2 Construction.................................. 37.8 38.2 38.1 38.3 38.4 39.2 38.7 39.1 38.8 38.8 .0 Manufacturing................................. 40.4 40.9 40.7 41.0 40.4 40.8 40.8 40.9 41.0 41.0 .0 Overtime hours............................. 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 .0 Durable goods................................ 40.8 41.2 41.1 41.3 40.8 41.3 41.2 41.3 41.3 41.3 .0 Overtime hours............................. 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 .0 Wood products............................... 39.2 39.6 39.3 39.4 39.6 40.5 40.1 40.1 40.2 39.9 -.3 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 41.1 42.3 42.0 42.2 41.7 43.5 42.7 43.1 42.8 42.8 .0 Primary metals.............................. 43.0 44.1 43.8 43.8 42.8 43.5 43.5 43.7 43.7 43.7 .0 Fabricated metal products................... 40.6 41.3 41.1 41.3 40.7 41.2 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 .1 Machinery................................... 42.2 42.0 41.8 42.0 42.0 42.0 41.9 41.8 41.9 41.8 -.1 Computer and electronic products............ 39.5 40.3 40.2 40.5 39.4 40.3 40.3 40.5 40.4 40.5 .1 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 40.0 41.3 40.6 41.0 40.1 41.0 40.9 41.2 41.1 41.2 .1 Transportation equipment.................... 42.2 42.5 42.7 43.0 42.0 42.7 42.6 42.6 42.8 42.8 .0 Motor vehicles and parts(2)................ 41.9 42.1 42.3 42.6 41.8 42.4 42.2 42.1 42.3 42.5 .2 Furniture and related products.............. 39.4 38.0 38.4 38.6 39.5 38.5 38.3 38.2 38.6 38.6 .0 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 39.0 38.5 38.4 38.5 38.8 38.6 38.5 38.5 38.4 38.3 -.1 Nondurable goods............................. 39.6 40.3 40.1 40.4 39.7 40.0 40.2 40.3 40.4 40.5 .1 Overtime hours............................. 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4 .0 Food manufacturing.......................... 38.2 39.4 39.0 39.6 38.8 39.0 39.3 39.6 39.7 40.1 .4 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 39.9 39.2 39.5 40.0 40.1 40.1 40.0 39.9 39.9 40.1 .2 Textile mills............................... 40.3 40.8 40.3 40.6 39.9 40.6 41.0 40.6 40.6 40.3 -.3 Textile product mills....................... 39.6 40.3 40.3 39.8 39.4 39.6 40.0 40.1 40.4 39.6 -.8 Apparel..................................... 36.3 35.7 36.0 36.8 36.0 35.9 35.6 36.0 36.0 36.4 .4 Leather and allied products................. 37.6 39.0 39.8 40.0 37.2 39.5 39.4 39.4 39.8 39.7 -.1 Paper and paper products.................... 41.7 42.6 42.0 42.0 42.1 42.5 42.6 42.4 42.4 42.4 .0 Printing and related support activities..... 38.4 38.9 39.0 39.0 38.3 38.3 38.4 38.8 38.9 38.9 .0 Petroleum and coal products................. 44.6 44.5 43.4 43.9 45.1 45.8 44.5 45.0 44.3 44.6 .3 Chemicals................................... 42.3 42.9 42.7 42.7 42.2 42.3 42.5 42.6 42.7 42.6 -.1 Plastics and rubber products................ 39.8 40.6 40.3 40.8 39.8 40.1 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.7 .2 Private service-providing................ 32.1 32.5 32.2 32.1 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 .0 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 33.2 33.0 32.9 33.0 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.3 33.3 33.3 .0 Wholesale trade.............................. 37.5 37.9 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.8 37.9 37.8 37.9 37.9 .0 Retail trade................................. 30.3 30.1 29.9 30.1 30.6 30.6 30.5 30.5 30.4 30.4 .0 Transportation and warehousing............... 36.8 36.4 36.2 36.4 37.2 36.8 36.7 36.6 36.7 36.8 .1 Utilities.................................... 40.1 40.7 41.2 41.2 40.3 41.2 41.4 41.0 41.3 41.4 .1 Information................................... 36.1 36.8 36.3 36.3 36.5 36.5 36.6 36.6 36.5 36.6 .1 Financial activities.......................... 35.6 36.5 35.5 35.3 35.9 35.9 35.9 36.0 35.7 35.7 .0 Professional and business services............ 33.9 34.6 34.4 34.3 34.0 34.3 34.3 34.6 34.5 34.4 -.1 Education and health services................. 32.4 32.8 32.4 32.4 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 .1 Leisure and hospitality....................... 25.4 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.7 25.7 25.6 25.7 25.6 25.6 .0 Other services................................ 30.7 31.0 30.7 30.7 30.9 30.9 30.9 30.9 30.8 30.9 .1 1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2006 2006p 2006p Total private........................... $15.96 $16.52 $16.51 $16.51 $533.06 $558.38 $553.09 $553.09 Seasonally adjusted.................... 15.95 16.40 16.46 16.49 537.52 554.32 556.35 557.36 Goods-producing............................. 17.37 17.73 17.72 17.72 687.85 710.97 708.80 712.34 Natural resources and mining.................... 18.33 19.47 19.35 19.57 823.02 887.83 863.01 866.95 Construction.................................... 19.24 19.50 19.57 19.52 727.27 744.90 745.62 747.62 Manufacturing................................... 16.42 16.76 16.71 16.71 663.37 685.48 680.10 685.11 Durable goods.................................. 17.16 17.56 17.54 17.55 700.13 723.47 720.89 724.82 Wood products................................. 13.13 13.17 13.16 13.17 514.70 521.53 517.19 518.90 Nonmetallic mineral products.................. 16.30 16.51 16.52 16.55 669.93 698.37 693.84 698.41 Primary metals................................ 18.76 19.37 19.22 19.20 806.68 854.22 841.84 840.96 Fabricated metal products..................... 15.63 16.12 16.07 16.04 634.58 665.76 660.48 662.45 Machinery..................................... 17.03 17.07 17.01 17.08 718.67 716.94 711.02 717.36 Computer and electronic products.............. 17.96 18.71 18.75 18.72 709.42 754.01 753.75 758.16 Electrical equipment and appliances........... 15.11 15.47 15.48 15.35 604.40 638.91 628.49 629.35 Transportation equipment...................... 21.83 22.33 22.29 22.31 921.23 949.03 951.78 959.33 Furniture and related products................ 13.36 13.53 13.50 13.48 526.38 514.14 518.40 520.33 Miscellaneous manufacturing................... 14.03 14.08 14.11 14.32 547.17 542.08 541.82 551.32 Nondurable goods............................... 15.19 15.39 15.31 15.27 601.52 620.22 613.93 616.91 Food manufacturing............................ 13.01 13.08 13.01 13.00 496.98 515.35 507.39 514.80 Beverages and tobacco products................ 18.99 18.41 18.23 18.07 757.70 721.67 720.09 722.80 Textile mills................................. 12.26 12.50 12.41 12.51 494.08 510.00 500.12 507.91 Textile product mills......................... 11.57 11.75 11.74 11.62 458.17 473.53 473.12 462.48 Apparel....................................... 10.07 10.62 10.59 10.54 365.54 379.13 381.24 387.87 Leather and allied products................... 11.48 11.25 10.88 10.89 431.65 438.75 433.02 435.60 Paper and paper products...................... 17.95 17.87 17.78 17.77 748.52 761.26 746.76 746.34 Printing and related support activities....... 15.68 15.90 15.68 15.79 602.11 618.51 611.52 615.81 Petroleum and coal products................... 24.80 24.74 24.81 24.85 1106.08 1100.93 1076.75 1090.92 Chemicals..................................... 19.48 19.95 19.93 19.75 824.00 855.86 851.01 843.33 Plastics and rubber products.................. 14.71 15.00 14.90 14.88 585.46 609.00 600.47 607.10 Private service-providing.................. 15.59 16.20 16.20 16.18 500.44 526.50 521.64 519.38 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 14.83 15.20 15.23 15.23 492.36 501.60 501.07 502.59 Wholesale trade................................ 17.88 18.64 18.66 18.62 670.50 706.46 703.48 701.97 Retail trade................................... 12.35 12.47 12.49 12.51 374.21 375.35 373.45 376.55 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.59 16.92 16.93 16.96 610.51 615.89 612.87 617.34 Utilities...................................... 26.31 27.53 27.28 27.12 1055.03 1120.47 1123.94 1117.34 Information..................................... 21.62 23.08 22.85 22.79 780.48 849.34 829.46 827.28 Financial activities............................ 17.76 18.45 18.45 18.41 632.26 673.43 654.98 649.87 Professional and business services.............. 17.89 18.85 18.77 18.82 606.47 652.21 645.69 645.53 Education and health services................... 16.56 17.10 17.14 17.15 536.54 560.88 555.34 555.66 Leisure and hospitality......................... 9.08 9.33 9.41 9.42 230.63 236.05 238.07 238.33 Other services.................................. 14.28 14.55 14.55 14.51 438.40 451.05 446.69 445.46 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. change from: 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006p 2006p Feb. 2006- Mar. 2006p Total private: Current dollars........................ $15.95 $16.28 $16.35 $16.40 $16.46 $16.49 0.2 Constant (1982) dollars(2)............. 8.19 8.15 8.20 8.17 8.20 N.A. (3) Goods-producing............................. 17.45 17.74 17.77 17.79 17.80 17.81 .1 Natural resources and mining.................... 18.25 18.95 19.12 19.33 19.35 19.47 .6 Construction.................................... 19.34 19.59 19.65 19.63 19.66 19.64 -.1 Manufacturing................................... 16.43 16.68 16.70 16.71 16.72 16.74 .1 Excluding overtime(4)........................ 15.56 15.79 15.83 15.84 15.85 15.87 .1 Durable goods.................................. 17.17 17.50 17.52 17.53 17.54 17.58 .2 Nondurable goods............................... 15.22 15.29 15.31 15.33 15.33 15.31 -.1 Private service-providing.................. 15.56 15.89 15.97 16.03 16.09 16.14 .3 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 14.81 15.04 15.10 15.13 15.18 15.20 .1 Wholesale trade................................ 17.95 18.45 18.56 18.53 18.61 18.68 .4 Retail trade................................... 12.31 12.35 12.39 12.44 12.46 12.47 .1 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.61 16.85 16.87 16.91 16.96 16.98 .1 Utilities...................................... 26.29 27.15 27.34 27.48 27.27 27.12 -.6 Information..................................... 21.72 22.40 22.60 22.98 22.82 22.92 .4 Financial activities............................ 17.81 18.20 18.27 18.33 18.43 18.44 .1 Professional and business services.............. 17.88 18.29 18.42 18.54 18.65 18.79 .8 Education and health services................... 16.55 16.95 17.00 17.04 17.12 17.14 .1 Leisure and hospitality......................... 9.06 9.24 9.27 9.27 9.34 9.38 .4 Other services.................................. 14.24 14.46 14.47 14.48 14.51 14.49 -.1 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. 3 Change was .4 percent from Jan. 2006 to Feb. 2006, the latest month available. 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. N.A. = not available. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. change from: 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006p 2006p Feb. 2006- Mar. 2006p Total private......................... 99.6 101.8 101.3 102.2 101.8 103.5 103.7 104.0 104.2 104.4 0.2 Goods-producing........................... 94.4 97.3 97.2 98.4 97.6 100.5 100.1 101.1 101.0 101.4 .4 Natural resources and mining.................. 107.4 115.6 113.3 114.6 110.7 116.0 118.0 120.0 117.7 118.6 .8 Construction.................................. 97.7 102.2 102.1 104.3 105.6 111.7 110.0 112.2 111.8 112.1 .3 Manufacturing................................. 92.7 94.5 94.0 95.0 93.2 94.6 94.8 95.3 95.5 95.5 .0 Durable goods................................ 94.5 97.2 97.0 98.0 94.8 97.4 97.5 98.1 98.1 98.3 .2 Wood products............................... 97.1 99.2 97.7 98.3 99.7 102.4 102.0 102.3 101.9 101.1 -.8 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 92.0 94.2 93.9 95.8 96.2 99.5 97.5 100.0 99.7 99.9 .2 Primary metals.............................. 93.6 97.3 96.3 96.8 93.0 95.2 95.1 96.4 96.0 96.5 .5 Fabricated metal products................... 97.7 100.5 100.2 101.3 98.2 100.3 100.4 100.8 101.2 101.7 .5 Machinery................................... 98.2 99.4 99.3 100.1 97.5 99.0 99.3 98.9 99.5 99.3 -.2 Computer and electronic products............ 90.5 101.1 100.9 102.3 90.3 100.3 101.1 101.8 101.7 102.5 .8 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 85.8 89.5 87.9 88.8 86.1 87.7 87.7 89.1 88.8 89.3 .6 Transportation equipment.................... 96.9 99.1 99.6 100.6 96.2 98.8 99.2 99.8 99.7 99.8 .1 Motor vehicles and parts(2)................ 96.1 94.7 94.5 95.5 95.3 95.4 95.2 95.3 94.4 94.8 .4 Furniture and related products.............. 92.3 87.5 88.2 89.8 92.9 89.2 88.9 88.7 89.7 90.1 .4 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 90.9 89.6 90.3 90.2 91.0 90.7 90.5 90.5 90.7 90.3 -.4 Nondurable goods............................. 89.3 89.8 89.3 90.1 90.4 90.2 90.5 90.9 91.1 91.1 .0 Food manufacturing.......................... 92.2 94.3 92.7 93.9 95.6 95.2 95.8 96.4 96.4 97.1 .7 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 87.0 95.6 96.6 96.1 91.8 98.9 98.0 99.7 100.3 100.8 .5 Textile mills............................... 73.7 68.2 67.3 67.5 73.0 69.2 69.2 68.7 68.1 66.9 -1.8 Textile product mills....................... 91.0 96.3 95.3 93.8 90.3 94.2 94.3 96.2 96.0 93.3 -2.8 Apparel..................................... 69.2 62.7 64.4 66.9 68.8 64.5 63.9 65.3 64.9 65.9 1.5 Leather and allied products................. 77.6 78.1 78.1 78.0 76.4 81.0 81.2 80.0 78.9 77.6 -1.6 Paper and paper products.................... 86.6 86.8 85.7 85.5 88.0 87.1 87.2 86.8 87.1 86.7 -.5 Printing and related support activities..... 90.4 90.9 91.4 92.2 90.8 90.5 90.9 91.6 92.3 92.5 .2 Petroleum and coal products................. 99.6 93.1 93.2 94.9 103.0 100.6 97.6 98.4 98.5 98.4 -.1 Chemicals................................... 96.7 99.2 98.7 99.4 96.6 96.9 97.6 98.8 98.9 98.9 .0 Plastics and rubber products................ 92.2 92.3 91.8 92.8 92.3 92.1 92.9 92.8 92.8 92.8 .0 Private service-providing................ 101.0 103.2 102.7 103.3 103.1 104.5 104.6 104.9 105.1 105.3 .2 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 98.9 100.1 98.9 99.7 100.9 102.0 102.0 101.9 101.9 102.1 .2 Wholesale trade.............................. 99.6 102.5 102.1 102.5 100.8 102.8 103.1 103.1 103.6 103.7 .1 Retail trade................................. 97.5 98.6 96.6 97.8 100.4 101.1 100.7 100.9 100.5 100.8 .3 Transportation and warehousing............... 102.8 103.4 102.5 103.1 104.8 105.0 104.8 104.7 105.0 105.1 .1 Utilities.................................... 90.3 93.4 94.9 94.8 91.0 95.1 95.2 94.5 95.4 95.5 .1 Information................................... 97.9 100.6 99.6 100.0 99.1 100.3 100.6 100.7 100.6 100.9 .3 Financial activities.......................... 102.4 107.1 104.6 104.5 103.9 105.6 105.8 106.4 105.9 106.3 .4 Professional and business services............ 102.3 106.0 106.4 107.3 104.1 107.6 108.0 109.1 109.1 109.1 .0 Education and health services................. 105.7 107.3 107.7 108.1 105.5 106.6 106.7 107.0 107.3 107.9 .6 Leisure and hospitality....................... 100.9 100.1 101.0 103.3 105.3 106.7 106.5 107.4 107.2 107.6 .4 Other services................................ 95.1 95.2 94.7 95.4 96.2 95.8 96.0 96.2 95.9 96.4 .5 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Mar. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. change from: 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006p 2006p Feb. 2006- Mar. 2006p Total private......................... 106.3 112.6 111.9 112.9 108.6 112.8 113.4 114.1 114.7 115.2 0.4 Goods-producing........................... 100.5 105.7 105.4 106.8 104.3 109.2 108.9 110.1 110.1 110.6 .5 Natural resources and mining.................. 114.5 130.9 127.5 130.5 117.5 127.8 131.2 134.9 132.4 134.2 1.4 Construction.................................. 101.5 107.6 107.9 109.9 110.3 118.1 116.7 118.9 118.7 118.9 .2 Manufacturing................................. 99.5 103.5 102.8 103.9 100.2 103.2 103.5 104.2 104.4 104.6 .2 Durable goods................................ 101.3 106.5 106.3 107.4 101.6 106.4 106.7 107.4 107.4 107.9 .5 Nondurable goods............................. 95.9 97.7 96.7 97.2 97.3 97.5 98.0 98.5 98.7 98.6 -.1 Private service-providing................ 108.2 114.9 114.3 114.8 110.2 114.0 114.8 115.5 116.1 116.8 .6 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 104.6 108.6 107.5 108.3 106.6 109.4 109.9 110.0 110.4 110.7 .3 Wholesale trade.............................. 104.9 112.5 112.2 112.4 106.6 111.7 112.8 112.6 113.6 114.1 .4 Retail trade................................. 103.2 105.4 103.4 104.9 105.9 107.0 106.9 107.6 107.4 107.7 .3 Transportation and warehousing............... 108.2 111.0 110.1 110.9 110.4 112.3 112.1 112.3 112.9 113.2 .3 Utilities.................................... 99.2 107.3 108.1 107.3 99.9 107.7 108.6 108.3 108.6 108.1 -.5 Information................................... 104.8 114.9 112.7 112.8 106.5 111.2 112.5 114.5 113.6 114.5 .8 Financial activities.......................... 112.5 122.1 119.4 119.0 114.4 118.9 119.5 120.6 120.7 121.2 .4 Professional and business services............ 108.9 118.9 118.9 120.2 110.7 117.1 118.3 120.3 121.0 122.0 .8 Education and health services................. 115.1 120.6 121.3 121.8 114.8 118.8 119.3 119.9 120.8 121.5 .6 Leisure and hospitality....................... 106.9 108.9 110.8 113.4 111.3 114.9 115.1 116.0 116.8 117.7 .8 Other services................................ 99.0 100.9 100.4 100.9 99.8 100.9 101.2 101.4 101.4 101.8 .4 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change (Percent) Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries(1) Over 1-month span: 2002 .............. 40.8 36.5 38.3 38.7 40.1 46.0 43.7 43.3 41.7 41.9 41.5 36.0 2003 .............. 44.1 37.9 34.9 38.3 42.8 38.8 37.6 39.7 50.7 49.8 52.0 51.3 2004 .............. 51.6 49.5 62.4 65.5 62.4 57.7 52.7 52.0 57.0 54.3 55.0 54.1 2005 .............. 50.7 57.7 56.7 54.7 54.5 56.7 59.2 54.1 51.4 53.4 61.7 58.6 2006 .............. 61.0 p61.9 p57.2 Over 3-month span: 2002 .............. 34.5 36.2 35.6 35.8 34.9 38.8 38.5 44.8 37.6 39.7 37.2 39.6 2003 .............. 40.6 34.2 34.7 32.7 35.3 41.7 38.5 33.8 42.6 47.8 49.8 50.5 2004 .............. 54.3 53.4 57.6 63.1 69.4 68.3 58.8 55.6 57.4 56.5 59.9 55.2 2005 .............. 52.9 56.7 59.2 60.4 56.8 60.8 60.4 59.7 57.9 52.2 57.0 63.7 2006 .............. 66.2 p63.7 p61.3 Over 6-month span: 2002 .............. 30.2 30.6 31.5 30.9 32.0 36.3 35.8 37.6 34.5 36.0 36.7 35.3 2003 .............. 34.4 31.8 31.8 34.0 32.7 36.2 33.3 32.4 40.5 45.3 46.4 47.7 2004 .............. 49.8 52.3 54.7 60.8 63.3 63.8 63.1 63.5 59.0 61.3 55.9 55.6 2005 .............. 55.4 57.7 57.4 58.8 55.2 58.6 60.8 59.5 60.6 57.7 58.5 60.6 2006 .............. 61.2 p62.8 p64.4 Over 12-month span: 2002 .............. 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.4 30.2 29.1 32.0 31.3 30.0 29.5 32.9 34.7 2003 .............. 34.5 31.5 32.9 33.5 34.2 35.1 32.7 33.1 37.1 36.7 37.2 39.2 2004 .............. 40.3 42.1 44.8 48.4 50.7 57.7 57.0 55.2 56.7 58.3 60.1 60.3 2005 .............. 60.1 61.0 59.5 58.6 58.6 59.4 60.8 61.0 60.8 58.3 58.8 62.1 2006 .............. 61.3 p61.7 p63.1 Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries(1) Over 1-month span: 2002 .............. 19.6 21.4 18.5 29.2 25.0 30.4 36.9 25.6 28.6 17.9 17.9 19.6 2003 .............. 32.7 19.6 19.6 10.7 23.2 19.0 19.6 29.2 28.6 36.3 42.3 40.5 2004 .............. 44.0 47.6 44.6 64.9 53.6 45.8 56.5 52.4 41.7 42.3 39.9 39.3 2005 .............. 39.3 38.7 38.7 42.3 44.6 34.5 47.6 35.7 45.2 43.5 50.0 52.4 2006 .............. 59.5 p46.4 p47.0 Over 3-month span: 2002 .............. 9.5 9.5 11.3 17.9 14.9 17.9 22.6 25.6 22.6 17.3 9.5 11.9 2003 .............. 18.5 11.3 12.5 8.3 7.7 11.3 14.9 15.5 16.7 27.4 32.1 35.7 2004 .............. 43.5 42.3 43.5 53.6 57.7 58.9 53.6 48.8 48.2 40.5 38.1 31.0 2005 .............. 35.7 39.9 42.9 39.9 37.5 41.1 39.3 35.7 39.9 36.3 36.9 50.0 2006 .............. 56.0 p51.8 p45.2 Over 6-month span: 2002 .............. 7.1 8.3 7.7 8.3 8.3 11.9 12.5 11.9 13.7 8.9 7.1 7.7 2003 .............. 11.3 11.3 8.3 9.5 10.7 9.5 6.0 8.9 13.7 18.5 24.4 23.8 2004 .............. 28.6 33.3 33.3 45.8 47.6 51.2 56.0 51.8 48.2 49.4 39.3 35.7 2005 .............. 36.9 36.9 35.1 33.3 33.3 32.7 36.9 36.9 41.1 41.7 39.3 42.3 2006 .............. 37.5 p45.2 p45.2 Over 12-month span: 2002 .............. 7.1 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.1 3.6 4.8 6.0 4.8 7.1 4.8 8.3 2003 .............. 10.7 6.0 6.5 6.0 8.3 7.1 7.1 8.3 10.7 10.7 9.5 10.7 2004 .............. 13.1 14.3 13.1 20.2 23.2 35.7 36.9 38.1 36.3 44.0 44.6 44.6 2005 .............. 44.6 44.6 41.7 40.5 39.9 33.3 32.7 31.0 32.1 39.3 35.7 40.5 2006 .............. 41.1 p40.5 p38.7 1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. p = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.