Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 06-1903 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ Establishment data: 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST), Media contact: 691-5902 Friday, November 3, 2006. THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: OCTOBER 2006 Employment increased in October, and the unemployment rate declined to 4.4 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Nonfarm payroll employment grew by 92,000 in October follow- ing gains of 148,000 in September and 230,000 in August (as revised). In October, job growth continued in several service-providing industries, while employment declined in manufacturing and construction. Average hourly earn- ings rose by 6 cents over the month. Unemployment (Household Survey Data) The number of unemployed persons (6.7 million) edged down in October, and the unemployment rate declined to 4.4 percent. A year earlier, the number of unemployed persons was 7.4 million and the jobless rate was 4.9 percent. Unemployment rates for most major worker groups--adult men (3.8 percent), teenagers (15.4 percent), whites (3.9 percent), and blacks (8.6 percent)-- showed little or no change over the month. The jobless rates for adult women (3.9 percent) and Hispanics (4.7 percent) fell in October. The unemployment rate for Asians was 2.7 percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) The number of persons unemployed for 27 weeks or longer fell by 189,000 to 1.1 million in October. This group accounted for 16.0 percent of total unemployment, down from 18.2 percent in September. (See table A-9.) Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) In October, total employment increased by 437,000 to 145.3 million, and the employment-population ratio edged up to 63.3 percent. The civilian labor force, at 152.0 million, was about unchanged in October; the labor force participation rate has held at 66.2 percent since June. (See table A-1.) Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) About 1.5 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally attached to the labor force in October, about unchanged from a year earlier. These in- dividuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Among the marginally attached, there were 331,000 discouraged workers in October, down slightly from a year earlier. Discouraged workers were not currently looking for work specifi- cally because they believed no jobs were available for them. The other 1.1 mil- lion marginally attached had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-13.) - 2 - Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) ___________________________________________________________________________________ | Quarterly | | | averages | Monthly data | |__________________|____________________________|September- Category | 2006 | 2006 | October |__________________|____________________________| change | II | III | Aug. | Sept. | Oct. | _________________________|________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________ HOUSEHOLD DATA | Labor force status |_________________________________________________________ Civilian labor force.....| 151,041| 151,677| 151,698| 151,799| 151,998| 199 Employment.............| 144,009| 144,586| 144,579| 144,850| 145,287| 437 Unemployment...........| 7,032| 7,091| 7,119| 6,949| 6,711| -238 Not in labor force.......| 77,392| 77,490| 77,469| 77,621| 77,677| 56 |________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________ | Unemployment rates |_________________________________________________________ All workers..............| 4.7| 4.7| 4.7| 4.6| 4.4| -0.2 Adult men..............| 4.1| 4.0| 4.1| 3.8| 3.8| .0 Adult women............| 4.2| 4.2| 4.1| 4.2| 3.9| -.3 Teenagers..............| 14.7| 16.1| 16.2| 16.4| 15.4| -1.0 White..................| 4.1| 4.1| 4.1| 4.0| 3.9| -.1 Black or African | | | | | | American.............| 9.1| 9.2| 8.8| 9.2| 8.6| -.6 Hispanic or Latino | | | | | | ethnicity............| 5.2| 5.3| 5.3| 5.4| 4.7| -.7 |________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________ ESTABLISHMENT DATA | Employment |_________________________________________________________ Nonfarm employment.......| 135,128|p 135,577| 135,604|p 135,752|p 135,844| p 92 Goods-producing (1)....| 22,420| p 22,423| 22,427| p 22,421| p 22,361| p -60 Construction.........| 7,502| p 7,511| 7,512| p 7,517| p 7,491| p -26 Manufacturing........| 14,246| p 14,229| 14,232| p 14,220| p 14,181| p -39 Service-providing (1)..| 112,708|p 113,154| 113,177|p 113,331|p 113,483| p 152 Retail trade (2).....| 15,236| p 15,212| 15,212| p 15,200| p 15,197| p -3 Professional and | | | | | | business services..| 17,269| p 17,394| 17,402| p 17,416| p 17,459| p 43 Education and health | | | | | | services...........| 17,677| p 17,794| 17,805| p 17,842| p 17,870| p 28 Leisure and | | | | | | hospitality........| 13,009 p 13,096| 13,099| p 13,127| p 13,162| p 35 Government...........| 21,931| p 22,013| 22,020| p 22,048| p 22,082| p 34 |________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________ | Hours of work (3) |_________________________________________________________ Total private............| 33.9| p 33.8| 33.8| p 33.8| p 33.9| p 0.1 Manufacturing..........| 41.2| p 41.3| 41.3| p 41.1| p 41.2| p .1 Overtime.............| 4.6| p 4.4| 4.4| p 4.3| p 4.3| p .0 |________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________ | Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3) |_________________________________________________________ Total private............| 104.9| p 105.2| 105.1| p 105.2| p 105.5| p 0.3 |________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________ | Earnings (3) |_________________________________________________________ Avg. hourly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| $16.64| p $16.81| $16.81| p $16.85| p $16.91| p $0.06 Avg. weekly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| 563.54| p 568.62| 568.18| p 569.53| p 573.25| p 3.72 _________________________|________|_________|________|_________|_________|_________ 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data. 3 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers. p = preliminary. - 3 - Table B. Employment status in October 2006 of persons 16 years and over who evacuated from their August 2005 residence, even temporarily, due to Hurricane Katrina (1) (Numbers in thousands, not seasonally adjusted) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Residence in October 2006 | |--------------------------- Employment status in October 2006 | Total | Same | Different | | as in | than in | | August 2005 | August 2005 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Civilian noninstitutional population.| 1,065 | 659 | 407 Civilian labor force...............| 669 | 421 | 247 Participation rate...........| 62.8 | 64.0 | 60.8 Employed........................| 595 | 392 | 203 Employment-population ratio..| 55.8 | 59.5 | 50.0 Unemployed......................| 74 | 30 | 44 Unemployment rate............| 11.0 | 7.0 | 17.9 Not in labor force.................| 397 | 237 | 159 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Represents persons in the civilian noninstitutional population age 16 and over who resided in households that were eligible to be selected for the Current Population Survey (CPS). These data are not representative of the total evacuee population because they do not in- clude children or people residing in shelters, hotels, places of worship, or other units outside the scope of the CPS. The total number of evac- uees estimated from the CPS may change from month to month as people move in and out of the scope of the survey and because of sampling and nonsampling error. NOTE: These data use population controls that have been adjusted to account for interstate moves by evacuees. Employment Status of Hurricane Katrina Evacuees (Household Survey Data) Beginning in October 2005, questions were added to the household survey to identify persons who evacuated from their homes, even temporarily, due to Hurricane Katrina. Data collected through these questions do not account for all evacuees; persons living outside the scope of the survey--such as those living in hotels or shelters--are not included. The questions were asked of persons in the household survey sample throughout the country, since some evacuees relocated far from the storm-affected areas. An additional question determined whether evacuees had returned to their homes and were residing there at the time of the October 2006 survey. The total number of evacuees estimated from the household survey may change from month to month as people move in and out of the scope of the survey; also, because the estimates are obtained from a sample survey, they may vary from month to month due to sampling and nonsampling error. October 2006 was the final month that the special questions relating to Hurricane Katrina were asked of survey respondents. (See box note on page 5.) Information gathered in October represented 1.1 million persons age 16 years and over who had evacuated from where they were living in August 2005 due to Hurricane Katrina. These evacuees either had moved back to their homes or were living in other residential units covered in the survey. About 6 in 10 of the evacuees were living in their August 2005 residences. Of all evacuees identified, 62.8 percent were in the labor force in October 2006. The unemployment rate for persons identified as evacuees was 11.0 percent. The rate was much higher for evacuees who were not living in their former homes (17.9 percent) than for those who were again living in their pre-Katrina residences (7.0 percent). (See table B.) - 4 - Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 92,000 in October to 135.8 million. This followed job gains of 148,000 in September and 230,000 in August (as revised). Over the month, employment rose in professional and business ser- vices, health care, food services, and mining; manufacturing and construction lost jobs. (See table B-1.) Professional and business services employment grew by 43,000 in October, with gains in management and technical consulting services (+12,000) and in business support services (+6,000). Employment in temporary help services was little changed over the month and has been relatively flat since January. Health care employment continued to grow with a gain of 23,000 in October. Job growth occurred in nursing and residential care facilities and in hospi- tals. Over the year, health care employment has increased by 302,000. In leisure and hospitality, food services and drinking places continued to add jobs in October (+27,000). Both wholesale and retail trade employment were little changed in October. Since January, wholesale trade has added 61,000 jobs; in contrast, retail trade employment is down by 104,000. Within retail trade, general merchandise stores lost 11,000 jobs in October. Since its most recent peak in August 2005, employ- ment in general merchandise stores has fallen by 100,000. Within financial activities, commercial banks added 5,000 jobs in October. In the goods-producing sector, mining employment grew by 5,000 in October. Over the last 12 months, mining has added 54,000 jobs. Construction lost 26,000 jobs in October as employment declines in residential specialty trade contractors (-31,000) more than offset gains in nonresidential specialty trades. Since its most recent peak in February, employment in residential specialty trades has declined by 99,000. Manufacturing lost 39,000 jobs in October. Plastics and rubber products lost 14,000 jobs, largely reflecting strike activity in rubber products manufacturing. Employment also declined in motor vehicles and parts (-15,000) and in wood products (-5,000). Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data) The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 33.9 hours in October, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek also rose by 0.1 hour to 41.2 hours, and factory overtime was unchanged at 4.3 hours. (See table B-2.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.3 percent in October to 105.5 (2002=100). The manufacturing index was unchanged at 96.1. (See table B-5.) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private non- farm payrolls rose by 6 cents, or 0.4 percent, in October to $16.91, seasonally ad- justed. Average weekly earnings rose by 0.7 percent in October to $573.25. Over the year, average hourly earnings increased by 3.9 percent and average weekly earn- ings increased by 4.2 percent. (See table B-3.) ______________________________ The Employment Situation for November is scheduled to be released on Friday, December 8, at 8:30 A.M. (EST). - 5 - -------------------------------------------------------------------- | Discontinuation of Hurricane Katrina Evacuee Data | | | | October 2006 was the final month that questions to identify | | Hurricane Katrina evacuees were asked in the household survey. | | At that time, data had been collected for 13 months. The que- | | stions were added to the survey to provide information on the | | employment and unemployment status of evacuees in the immediate | | aftermath of the storm. Collection of these data is being dis- | | continued because asking these questions in the household sur- | | vey is not a good method for long-term study of the population | | of evacuees. For more discussion of the reasons, see http:// | | www.bls.gov/katrina/notice.htm. | -------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------- | November 2006 Household Survey Reference Week | | | | The November 2006 reference week for the household survey | | will be the week of November 5th, a week earlier than the usual | | reference period, which is the week that includes the 12th day | | of the month. This is the first time there has been a change in | | the November reference week. The change is being made, in part, | | so that the household interviews, which are done during the week | | following the reference period, will not be conducted during the | | Thanksgiving holiday. The Census Bureau, which collects the | | household survey data for BLS, requested this change to improve | | survey operations. | | | | The establishment survey reference period and data collection | | operations are not being modified and will not be affected by this | | change. | -------------------------------------------------------------------- - 6 - Explanatory Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the informa- tion on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 house- holds conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with state agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses and government agencies covering ap- proximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establish- ment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, pro- fession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. - 7 - Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from pri- vate nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and method- ological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the sur- veys. Among these are: --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because in- dividuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The ef- fect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctua- tions may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by ad- justing the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make non- seasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to ana- lyze changes in economic activity. - 8 - Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most super- sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating in- dependently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by di- rectly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the en- tire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 stand- ard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -330,000 to 530,000 (100,000 +/- 430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, oc- curred. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent con- fidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of esti- mates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can also im- prove the stability of the monthly estimates. - 9 - The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component uses business deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of busi- ness, but imputing to them the same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was de- rived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.2 percent, ranging from less than 0.05 percent to 0.4 percent. Additional statistics and other information More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order pay- able to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or Visa. Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the household and establishment survey data published in this release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its "Explanatory Notes." For the establish- ment survey data, the sampling error measures and the actual size of re- visions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables 2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 226,959 229,420 229,675 226,959 228,671 228,912 229,167 229,420 229,675 Civilian labor force............................ 150,304 151,635 152,397 150,043 151,321 151,534 151,698 151,799 151,998 Participation rate........................ 66.2 66.1 66.4 66.1 66.2 66.2 66.2 66.2 66.2 Employed...................................... 143,340 145,010 146,125 142,625 144,363 144,329 144,579 144,850 145,287 Employment-population ratio............... 63.2 63.2 63.6 62.8 63.1 63.0 63.1 63.1 63.3 Unemployed.................................... 6,964 6,625 6,272 7,418 6,957 7,205 7,119 6,949 6,711 Unemployment rate......................... 4.6 4.4 4.1 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.4 Not in labor force.............................. 76,655 77,785 77,278 76,916 77,350 77,379 77,469 77,621 77,677 Persons who currently want a job.............. 4,796 4,434 4,661 4,994 4,770 4,901 4,918 4,658 4,782 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 109,616 110,925 111,059 109,616 110,530 110,657 110,792 110,925 111,059 Civilian labor force............................ 80,306 81,377 81,652 80,249 81,085 81,024 81,249 81,542 81,585 Participation rate........................ 73.3 73.4 73.5 73.2 73.4 73.2 73.3 73.5 73.5 Employed...................................... 76,808 78,109 78,399 76,396 77,357 77,162 77,423 77,911 77,968 Employment-population ratio............... 70.1 70.4 70.6 69.7 70.0 69.7 69.9 70.2 70.2 Unemployed.................................... 3,498 3,267 3,253 3,853 3,727 3,862 3,827 3,631 3,617 Unemployment rate......................... 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.4 Not in labor force.............................. 29,310 29,548 29,407 29,367 29,445 29,633 29,542 29,383 29,474 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 101,265 102,428 102,549 101,265 102,075 102,187 102,308 102,428 102,549 Civilian labor force............................ 76,978 77,866 78,145 76,780 77,296 77,308 77,550 77,831 77,897 Participation rate........................ 76.0 76.0 76.2 75.8 75.7 75.7 75.8 76.0 76.0 Employed...................................... 73,988 75,199 75,420 73,500 74,215 74,082 74,358 74,864 74,904 Employment-population ratio............... 73.1 73.4 73.5 72.6 72.7 72.5 72.7 73.1 73.0 Unemployed.................................... 2,990 2,667 2,725 3,281 3,082 3,226 3,192 2,966 2,994 Unemployment rate......................... 3.9 3.4 3.5 4.3 4.0 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.8 Not in labor force.............................. 24,287 24,562 24,404 24,485 24,779 24,878 24,758 24,597 24,652 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 117,343 118,495 118,616 117,343 118,141 118,255 118,376 118,495 118,616 Civilian labor force............................ 69,998 70,258 70,745 69,794 70,236 70,510 70,449 70,257 70,413 Participation rate........................ 59.7 59.3 59.6 59.5 59.5 59.6 59.5 59.3 59.4 Employed...................................... 66,532 66,901 67,727 66,229 67,006 67,168 67,156 66,939 67,318 Employment-population ratio............... 56.7 56.5 57.1 56.4 56.7 56.8 56.7 56.5 56.8 Unemployed.................................... 3,466 3,357 3,018 3,565 3,230 3,342 3,293 3,318 3,094 Unemployment rate......................... 5.0 4.8 4.3 5.1 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.4 Not in labor force.............................. 47,345 48,237 47,871 47,549 47,906 47,745 47,927 48,238 48,203 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 109,228 110,241 110,349 109,228 109,927 110,026 110,134 110,241 110,349 Civilian labor force............................ 66,480 66,886 67,268 66,175 66,609 66,872 66,878 66,718 66,830 Participation rate........................ 60.9 60.7 61.0 60.6 60.6 60.8 60.7 60.5 60.6 Employed...................................... 63,551 64,028 64,728 63,162 63,878 64,035 64,131 63,927 64,230 Employment-population ratio............... 58.2 58.1 58.7 57.8 58.1 58.2 58.2 58.0 58.2 Unemployed.................................... 2,930 2,858 2,540 3,013 2,730 2,837 2,747 2,791 2,600 Unemployment rate......................... 4.4 4.3 3.8 4.6 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.2 3.9 Not in labor force.............................. 42,748 43,355 43,081 43,053 43,319 43,154 43,256 43,523 43,519 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 16,465 16,751 16,776 16,465 16,668 16,700 16,725 16,751 16,776 Civilian labor force............................ 6,845 6,883 6,984 7,088 7,416 7,353 7,269 7,250 7,270 Participation rate........................ 41.6 41.1 41.6 43.0 44.5 44.0 43.5 43.3 43.3 Employed...................................... 5,801 5,783 5,978 5,964 6,270 6,211 6,089 6,058 6,152 Employment-population ratio............... 35.2 34.5 35.6 36.2 37.6 37.2 36.4 36.2 36.7 Unemployed.................................... 1,045 1,100 1,006 1,124 1,145 1,142 1,180 1,192 1,118 Unemployment rate......................... 15.3 16.0 14.4 15.9 15.4 15.5 16.2 16.4 15.4 Not in labor force.............................. 9,620 9,868 9,792 9,377 9,253 9,347 9,456 9,501 9,507 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, race, sex, and age Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 185,028 186,669 186,840 185,028 186,166 186,329 186,500 186,669 186,840 Civilian labor force............................ 122,900 123,953 124,498 122,810 123,747 123,946 124,070 124,032 124,334 Participation rate.......................... 66.4 66.4 66.6 66.4 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.4 66.5 Employed...................................... 117,898 119,265 120,053 117,396 118,720 118,846 118,956 119,125 119,498 Employment-population ratio................. 63.7 63.9 64.3 63.4 63.8 63.8 63.8 63.8 64.0 Unemployed.................................... 5,002 4,688 4,445 5,415 5,027 5,100 5,114 4,907 4,836 Unemployment rate........................... 4.1 3.8 3.6 4.4 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9 Not in labor force.............................. 62,128 62,716 62,341 62,218 62,418 62,383 62,430 62,636 62,506 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 64,041 64,676 64,950 63,901 64,388 64,351 64,532 64,568 64,754 Participation rate.......................... 76.4 76.4 76.6 76.2 76.3 76.2 76.3 76.3 76.4 Employed...................................... 61,871 62,792 63,023 61,465 62,110 62,028 62,193 62,441 62,600 Employment-population ratio................. 73.8 74.2 74.4 73.3 73.6 73.4 73.5 73.8 73.9 Unemployed.................................... 2,170 1,884 1,927 2,436 2,278 2,323 2,340 2,126 2,155 Unemployment rate........................... 3.4 2.9 3.0 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.3 3.3 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 53,164 53,581 53,844 52,998 53,254 53,542 53,527 53,490 53,628 Participation rate.......................... 60.1 60.1 60.4 59.9 59.9 60.2 60.1 60.0 60.1 Employed...................................... 51,090 51,546 52,044 50,856 51,337 51,547 51,600 51,532 51,749 Employment-population ratio................. 57.8 57.8 58.4 57.5 57.7 57.9 58.0 57.8 58.0 Unemployed.................................... 2,074 2,036 1,800 2,141 1,917 1,994 1,927 1,958 1,879 Unemployment rate........................... 3.9 3.8 3.3 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.5 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 5,696 5,695 5,705 5,912 6,106 6,053 6,011 5,975 5,952 Participation rate.......................... 44.8 44.1 44.2 46.5 47.5 47.0 46.6 46.3 46.1 Employed...................................... 4,937 4,927 4,986 5,074 5,273 5,270 5,163 5,152 5,150 Employment-population ratio................. 38.8 38.2 38.6 39.9 41.0 40.9 40.1 39.9 39.9 Unemployed.................................... 758 769 718 838 833 783 848 823 802 Unemployment rate........................... 13.3 13.5 12.6 14.2 13.6 12.9 14.1 13.8 13.5 BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 26,663 27,109 27,153 26,663 26,982 27,021 27,065 27,109 27,153 Civilian labor force............................ 17,255 17,252 17,460 17,150 17,231 17,369 17,344 17,191 17,368 Participation rate.......................... 64.7 63.6 64.3 64.3 63.9 64.3 64.1 63.4 64.0 Employed...................................... 15,742 15,740 16,041 15,591 15,685 15,714 15,822 15,617 15,872 Employment-population ratio................. 59.0 58.1 59.1 58.5 58.1 58.2 58.5 57.6 58.5 Unemployed.................................... 1,512 1,511 1,420 1,559 1,547 1,655 1,521 1,574 1,496 Unemployment rate........................... 8.8 8.8 8.1 9.1 9.0 9.5 8.8 9.2 8.6 Not in labor force.............................. 9,408 9,857 9,692 9,513 9,751 9,652 9,722 9,918 9,785 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,732 7,765 7,810 7,659 7,670 7,735 7,721 7,719 7,734 Participation rate.......................... 72.1 71.2 71.5 71.4 70.7 71.2 70.9 70.8 70.8 Employed...................................... 7,107 7,165 7,191 7,006 7,018 7,039 7,073 7,083 7,089 Employment-population ratio................. 66.3 65.7 65.8 65.3 64.7 64.8 65.0 64.9 64.9 Unemployed.................................... 625 600 618 653 652 696 648 637 645 Unemployment rate........................... 8.1 7.7 7.9 8.5 8.5 9.0 8.4 8.3 8.3 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 8,779 8,710 8,762 8,726 8,684 8,757 8,787 8,642 8,723 Participation rate.......................... 65.3 64.0 64.2 64.9 64.0 64.5 64.6 63.5 64.0 Employed...................................... 8,123 8,046 8,181 8,069 8,033 8,076 8,154 7,973 8,116 Employment-population ratio................. 60.4 59.1 60.0 60.0 59.2 59.5 60.0 58.5 59.5 Unemployed.................................... 655 664 581 658 651 681 633 670 607 Unemployment rate........................... 7.5 7.6 6.6 7.5 7.5 7.8 7.2 7.7 7.0 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 744 776 889 765 877 877 836 829 911 Participation rate.......................... 29.7 30.1 34.3 30.6 34.2 34.1 32.4 32.1 35.2 Employed...................................... 512 529 669 517 634 600 596 562 666 Employment-population ratio................. 20.5 20.5 25.8 20.7 24.7 23.3 23.1 21.8 25.7 Unemployed.................................... 232 247 220 248 244 278 240 267 244 Unemployment rate........................... 31.1 31.8 24.7 32.4 27.8 31.6 28.8 32.2 26.8 ASIAN Civilian noninstutional population................ 9,931 10,251 10,209 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Civilian labor force............................ 6,591 6,836 6,781 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 66.4 66.7 66.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 6,387 6,648 6,597 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 64.3 64.9 64.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 203 188 184 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 3.1 2.8 2.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Not in labor force.............................. 3,340 3,415 3,428 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 29,456 30,324 30,416 29,456 30,053 30,140 30,232 30,324 30,416 Civilian labor force............................ 20,101 20,615 20,902 20,047 20,753 20,663 20,628 20,669 20,824 Participation rate.......................... 68.2 68.0 68.7 68.1 69.1 68.6 68.2 68.2 68.5 Employed...................................... 18,978 19,536 19,977 18,871 19,649 19,578 19,528 19,556 19,848 Employment-population ratio................. 64.4 64.4 65.7 64.1 65.4 65.0 64.6 64.5 65.3 Unemployed.................................... 1,122 1,079 925 1,176 1,104 1,085 1,100 1,113 976 Unemployment rate........................... 5.6 5.2 4.4 5.9 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.4 4.7 Not in labor force.............................. 9,355 9,709 9,514 9,409 9,300 9,477 9,604 9,655 9,592 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 11,597 11,899 12,043 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 84.4 84.1 84.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 11,088 11,462 11,634 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 80.7 81.0 82.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 509 437 409 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 4.4 3.7 3.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,478 7,703 7,830 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 57.5 57.7 58.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 7,048 7,235 7,449 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 54.2 54.2 55.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 430 468 381 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 5.7 6.1 4.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 1,027 1,012 1,029 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 37.8 35.8 36.3 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 843 839 894 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 31.0 29.7 31.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 184 173 136 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 17.9 17.1 13.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force.............................. 12,340 12,810 12,561 12,502 12,847 12,780 12,780 12,681 12,743 Participation rate............................ 44.8 46.2 45.9 45.4 46.1 47.1 46.2 45.7 46.6 Employed........................................ 11,527 12,054 11,908 11,611 11,942 11,868 11,897 11,864 12,004 Employment-population ratio................... 41.8 43.4 43.5 42.1 42.8 43.8 43.0 42.8 43.9 Unemployed...................................... 813 756 653 891 905 912 883 816 739 Unemployment rate............................. 6.6 5.9 5.2 7.1 7.0 7.1 6.9 6.4 5.8 High school graduates, no college (1) Civilian labor force.............................. 38,537 38,557 38,581 38,467 38,597 38,403 38,328 38,429 38,456 Participation rate............................ 64.0 63.5 63.6 63.8 63.3 63.7 63.2 63.3 63.4 Employed........................................ 36,875 37,104 37,156 36,627 37,032 36,694 36,588 36,798 36,875 Employment-population ratio................... 61.2 61.1 61.2 60.8 60.7 60.9 60.3 60.6 60.8 Unemployed...................................... 1,661 1,453 1,425 1,840 1,565 1,709 1,740 1,630 1,581 Unemployment rate............................. 4.3 3.8 3.7 4.8 4.1 4.5 4.5 4.2 4.1 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force.............................. 35,456 35,440 35,958 35,310 34,972 35,359 35,327 35,454 35,726 Participation rate............................ 72.6 72.4 72.9 72.3 72.5 71.4 72.1 72.5 72.4 Employed........................................ 34,172 34,227 34,796 33,967 33,738 34,068 34,037 34,175 34,504 Employment-population ratio................... 70.0 70.0 70.5 69.6 69.9 68.8 69.5 69.8 69.9 Unemployed...................................... 1,284 1,213 1,162 1,343 1,234 1,290 1,291 1,279 1,222 Unemployment rate............................. 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.4 Bachelor's degree and higher (2) Civilian labor force.............................. 41,893 42,927 43,192 41,616 42,379 42,735 42,650 42,797 42,811 Participation rate............................ 78.2 78.1 78.2 77.7 77.6 77.7 77.7 77.9 77.5 Employed........................................ 40,972 42,021 42,413 40,670 41,494 41,839 41,886 41,929 41,997 Employment-population ratio................... 76.5 76.5 76.8 75.9 76.0 76.0 76.3 76.3 76.0 Unemployed...................................... 921 906 779 946 885 896 764 868 814 Unemployment rate............................. 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.3 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.0 1.9 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries................ 2,239 2,261 2,211 2,126 2,241 2,260 2,202 2,143 2,140 Wage and salary workers......................... 1,227 1,291 1,282 1,161 1,329 1,370 1,256 1,196 1,232 Self-employed workers........................... 973 958 916 936 899 877 904 932 891 Unpaid family workers........................... 38 13 13 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Nonagricultural industries........................ 141,101 142,749 143,915 140,577 142,108 142,047 142,406 142,790 143,263 Wage and salary workers......................... 131,469 132,901 133,930 131,123 132,284 132,417 132,785 133,004 133,448 Government.................................... 20,475 20,568 20,879 20,330 20,017 20,336 20,314 20,483 20,630 Private industries............................ 110,994 112,333 113,051 110,799 112,253 112,114 112,436 112,500 112,782 Private households.......................... 813 771 750 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Other industries............................ 110,182 111,562 112,301 109,986 111,458 111,269 111,582 111,743 112,011 Self-employed workers........................... 9,549 9,762 9,871 9,356 9,716 9,572 9,620 9,679 9,685 Unpaid family workers........................... 84 85 114 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME (2) All industries: Part time for economic reasons.................... 3,915 3,735 4,010 4,240 4,266 4,261 4,147 4,056 4,278 Slack work or business conditions............. 2,459 2,402 2,633 2,643 2,729 2,658 2,683 2,614 2,775 Could only find part-time work................ 1,236 1,115 1,160 1,299 1,190 1,202 1,161 1,137 1,198 Part time for noneconomic reasons............... 20,559 19,812 20,223 19,696 19,684 19,501 19,624 19,622 19,422 Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons.................... 3,837 3,653 3,954 4,161 4,158 4,143 4,071 3,946 4,208 Slack work or business conditions............. 2,400 2,353 2,594 2,592 2,656 2,578 2,635 2,547 2,714 Could only find part-time work................ 1,225 1,098 1,152 1,284 1,189 1,197 1,158 1,133 1,195 Part time for noneconomic reasons............... 20,130 19,462 19,890 19,255 19,310 19,170 19,220 19,269 19,101 1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Selected employment indicators (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Characteristic Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over.......................... 143,340 145,010 146,125 142,625 144,363 144,329 144,579 144,850 145,287 16 to 19 years.................................. 5,801 5,783 5,978 5,964 6,270 6,211 6,089 6,058 6,152 16 to 17 years................................ 2,231 2,392 2,495 2,290 2,528 2,431 2,394 2,435 2,562 18 to 19 years................................ 3,570 3,391 3,483 3,673 3,750 3,778 3,697 3,593 3,612 20 years and over............................... 137,539 139,227 140,148 136,661 138,093 138,118 138,490 138,791 139,134 20 to 24 years................................ 13,993 13,821 13,875 13,945 13,842 13,828 14,052 13,944 13,834 25 years and over............................. 123,546 125,406 126,273 122,719 124,237 124,305 124,537 124,910 125,333 25 to 54 years.............................. 99,400 100,294 100,933 98,834 99,541 99,554 99,720 99,906 100,282 25 to 34 years............................ 31,088 31,289 31,507 30,864 30,988 31,086 31,097 31,145 31,230 35 to 44 years............................ 34,754 34,700 34,835 34,601 34,518 34,429 34,573 34,556 34,651 45 to 54 years............................ 33,558 34,306 34,591 33,369 34,035 34,038 34,051 34,205 34,401 55 years and over........................... 24,146 25,113 25,340 23,885 24,696 24,752 24,816 25,005 25,052 Men, 16 years and over............................ 76,808 78,109 78,399 76,396 77,357 77,162 77,423 77,911 77,968 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,819 2,910 2,979 2,896 3,143 3,079 3,064 3,046 3,064 16 to 17 years................................ 1,025 1,146 1,150 1,043 1,292 1,226 1,193 1,172 1,175 18 to 19 years................................ 1,794 1,764 1,828 1,848 1,850 1,842 1,867 1,859 1,887 20 years and over............................... 73,988 75,199 75,420 73,500 74,215 74,082 74,358 74,864 74,904 20 to 24 years................................ 7,323 7,447 7,439 7,310 7,364 7,370 7,504 7,503 7,426 25 years and over............................. 66,665 67,752 67,980 66,192 66,865 66,723 66,914 67,343 67,467 25 to 54 years.............................. 53,741 54,290 54,460 53,429 53,682 53,619 53,730 53,938 54,106 25 to 34 years............................ 17,255 17,350 17,335 17,107 17,043 17,065 17,025 17,200 17,161 35 to 44 years............................ 18,901 18,820 18,883 18,800 18,717 18,702 18,753 18,697 18,779 45 to 54 years............................ 17,585 18,121 18,242 17,522 17,922 17,853 17,951 18,041 18,166 55 years and over........................... 12,925 13,462 13,521 12,763 13,183 13,104 13,185 13,405 13,361 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 66,532 66,901 67,727 66,229 67,006 67,168 67,156 66,939 67,318 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,982 2,873 2,999 3,068 3,128 3,132 3,025 3,012 3,088 16 to 17 years................................ 1,206 1,246 1,344 1,247 1,235 1,205 1,201 1,263 1,387 18 to 19 years................................ 1,776 1,628 1,655 1,825 1,900 1,936 1,830 1,734 1,725 20 years and over............................... 63,551 64,028 64,728 63,162 63,878 64,035 64,131 63,927 64,230 20 to 24 years................................ 6,670 6,373 6,435 6,635 6,478 6,458 6,547 6,441 6,409 25 years and over............................. 56,881 57,655 58,292 56,527 57,372 57,582 57,623 57,567 57,866 25 to 54 years.............................. 45,659 46,004 46,473 45,405 45,858 45,934 45,991 45,968 46,175 25 to 34 years............................ 13,833 13,939 14,173 13,757 13,945 14,021 14,071 13,945 14,069 35 to 44 years............................ 15,853 15,880 15,952 15,801 15,801 15,728 15,820 15,859 15,872 45 to 54 years............................ 15,973 16,185 16,348 15,847 16,112 16,185 16,100 16,164 16,235 55 years and over........................... 11,221 11,651 11,819 11,122 11,513 11,648 11,632 11,600 11,690 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present....................... 45,977 45,701 45,762 45,634 45,809 45,558 45,484 45,613 45,477 Married women, spouse present..................... 35,385 35,518 35,766 34,868 35,394 35,309 35,295 35,436 35,257 Women who maintain families....................... 8,875 9,095 9,088 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers (2)............................. 118,025 120,780 121,199 117,783 119,452 119,818 119,888 120,437 120,859 Part-time workers (3)............................. 25,315 24,230 24,926 24,898 24,935 24,599 24,711 24,531 24,515 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders......................... 7,813 7,792 7,865 7,564 7,398 7,455 7,494 7,648 7,560 Percent of total employed..................... 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons Unemployment rates (1) (in thousands) Characteristic Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over.......................... 7,418 6,949 6,711 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.4 16 to 19 years.................................. 1,124 1,192 1,118 15.9 15.4 15.5 16.2 16.4 15.4 16 to 17 years................................ 526 535 547 18.7 17.0 16.7 19.2 18.0 17.6 18 to 19 years................................ 608 655 548 14.2 14.3 14.7 14.5 15.4 13.2 20 years and over............................... 6,294 5,757 5,594 4.4 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9 20 to 24 years................................ 1,296 1,208 1,284 8.5 7.9 8.5 8.2 8.0 8.5 25 years and over............................. 5,011 4,537 4,302 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.3 25 to 54 years.............................. 4,199 3,821 3,541 4.1 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.4 25 to 34 years............................ 1,561 1,500 1,538 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.4 4.6 4.7 35 to 44 years............................ 1,396 1,267 1,032 3.9 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.5 2.9 45 to 54 years............................ 1,242 1,054 971 3.6 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.0 2.7 55 years and over........................... 794 748 769 3.2 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.0 Men, 16 years and over............................ 3,853 3,631 3,617 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.4 16 to 19 years.................................. 573 665 623 16.5 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.9 16.9 16 to 17 years................................ 231 280 291 18.1 18.0 16.9 18.4 19.3 19.9 18 to 19 years................................ 339 387 303 15.5 16.6 17.6 16.7 17.2 13.8 20 years and over............................... 3,281 2,966 2,994 4.3 4.0 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.8 20 to 24 years................................ 758 678 730 9.4 8.2 8.7 9.0 8.3 8.9 25 years and over............................. 2,515 2,271 2,241 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.2 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,099 1,908 1,840 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.3 25 to 34 years............................ 790 734 840 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.2 4.1 4.7 35 to 44 years............................ 676 660 532 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.4 2.8 45 to 54 years............................ 633 514 468 3.5 3.0 3.3 3.3 2.8 2.5 55 years and over........................... 416 363 401 3.2 3.1 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.9 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 3,565 3,318 3,094 5.1 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.4 16 to 19 years.................................. 552 527 494 15.2 13.8 13.9 15.3 14.9 13.8 16 to 17 years................................ 295 255 256 19.1 15.9 16.5 20.1 16.8 15.6 18 to 19 years................................ 269 267 246 12.8 11.9 11.7 12.2 13.4 12.5 20 years and over............................... 3,013 2,791 2,600 4.6 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.2 3.9 20 to 24 years................................ 538 530 555 7.5 7.5 8.3 7.3 7.6 8.0 25 years and over............................. 2,496 2,265 2,061 4.2 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.4 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,100 1,913 1,702 4.4 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.6 25 to 34 years............................ 771 765 699 5.3 4.7 4.8 4.6 5.2 4.7 35 to 44 years............................ 719 608 500 4.4 3.7 4.0 4.1 3.7 3.1 45 to 54 years............................ 609 540 503 3.7 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.0 55 years and over (2)....................... 357 394 351 3.1 3.0 3.5 3.2 3.3 2.9 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present....................... 1,227 1,082 1,043 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.2 Married women, spouse present..................... 1,181 1,059 1,018 3.3 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.8 Women who maintain families (2)................... 701 667 631 7.3 7.2 7.4 6.7 6.8 6.5 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers (3)............................. 6,023 5,623 5,386 4.9 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.3 Part-time workers (4)............................. 1,419 1,331 1,311 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.1 1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Reason Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs............................................. 3,162 2,878 2,724 3,508 3,409 3,370 3,305 3,179 3,062 On temporary layoff............................. 637 582 659 944 981 933 886 873 952 Not on temporary layoff......................... 2,525 2,297 2,065 2,564 2,428 2,437 2,420 2,306 2,110 Permanent job losers.......................... 1,824 1,570 1,434 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Persons who completed temporary jobs.......... 701 727 632 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Job leavers....................................... 916 851 802 889 818 857 861 810 793 Reentrants........................................ 2,292 2,305 2,206 2,349 2,091 2,358 2,277 2,299 2,251 New entrants...................................... 594 590 540 654 650 629 650 641 597 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs............................................ 45.4 43.4 43.4 47.4 48.9 46.7 46.6 45.9 45.7 On temporary layoff............................ 9.1 8.8 10.5 12.8 14.1 12.9 12.5 12.6 14.2 Not on temporary layoff........................ 36.3 34.7 32.9 34.7 34.8 33.8 34.1 33.3 31.5 Job leavers...................................... 13.2 12.8 12.8 12.0 11.7 11.9 12.1 11.7 11.8 Reentrants....................................... 32.9 34.8 35.2 31.7 30.0 32.7 32.1 33.2 33.6 New entrants..................................... 8.5 8.9 8.6 8.8 9.3 8.7 9.2 9.3 8.9 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs............................................ 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 Job leavers...................................... .6 .6 .5 .6 .5 .6 .6 .5 .5 Reentrants....................................... 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 New entrants..................................... .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 1 Data not available. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Duration Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks................................. 2,578 2,612 2,468 2,708 2,673 2,704 2,617 2,581 2,585 5 to 14 weeks..................................... 2,040 1,876 1,855 2,263 2,052 2,175 2,215 2,080 2,062 15 weeks and over................................. 2,346 2,136 1,948 2,477 2,133 2,338 2,394 2,294 2,073 15 to 26 weeks................................. 960 902 898 1,045 1,020 998 1,066 1,027 996 27 weeks and over.............................. 1,386 1,234 1,050 1,432 1,112 1,340 1,328 1,267 1,077 Average (mean) duration, in weeks................. 18.3 17.5 16.7 18.0 16.2 17.3 17.4 17.4 16.5 Median duration, in weeks......................... 8.5 7.9 7.9 8.6 7.5 8.2 8.5 8.2 8.1 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than 5 weeks............................... 37.0 39.4 39.4 36.4 39.0 37.5 36.2 37.1 38.5 5 to 14 weeks................................... 29.3 28.3 29.6 30.4 29.9 30.1 30.6 29.9 30.7 15 weeks and over............................... 33.7 32.2 31.1 33.3 31.1 32.4 33.1 33.0 30.8 15 to 26 weeks................................ 13.8 13.6 14.3 14.0 14.9 13.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 27 weeks and over............................. 19.9 18.6 16.7 19.2 16.2 18.6 18.4 18.2 16.0 NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Unemployment Employed Unemployed rates Occupation Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 Total, 16 years and over (1)................................ 143,340 146,125 6,964 6,272 4.6 4.1 Management, professional, and related occupations................ 49,958 51,427 1,099 971 2.2 1.9 Management, business, and financial operations occupations..... 20,808 21,565 417 378 2.0 1.7 Professional and related occupations........................... 29,150 29,862 683 593 2.3 1.9 Service occupations.............................................. 23,297 23,939 1,430 1,380 5.8 5.5 Sales and office occupations..................................... 36,237 36,051 1,748 1,590 4.6 4.2 Sales and related occupations.................................. 16,500 16,388 866 787 5.0 4.6 Office and administrative support occupations.................. 19,737 19,663 881 803 4.3 3.9 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations..... 15,841 16,225 879 777 5.3 4.6 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 1,030 955 88 86 7.9 8.2 Construction and extraction occupations........................ 9,381 9,714 572 497 5.7 4.9 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.............. 5,431 5,556 219 194 3.9 3.4 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations...... 18,007 18,484 1,171 990 6.1 5.1 Production occupations......................................... 9,320 9,396 681 507 6.8 5.1 Transportation and material moving occupations................. 8,687 9,088 490 483 5.3 5.0 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed Unemployment persons rates Industry and class of worker (in thousands) Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. 2005 2006 2005 2006 Total, 16 years and over (1).............................. 6,964 6,272 4.6 4.1 Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................. 5,529 4,956 4.7 4.2 Mining......................................................... 2 15 .3 2.2 Construction................................................... 519 456 5.3 4.5 Manufacturing.................................................. 800 618 4.8 3.7 Durable goods................................................ 481 363 4.6 3.5 Nondurable goods............................................. 319 255 5.3 4.2 Wholesale and retail trade..................................... 1,050 972 4.9 4.7 Transportation and utilities................................... 251 206 4.4 3.6 Information.................................................... 162 116 4.8 3.4 Financial activities........................................... 255 211 2.7 2.1 Professional and business services............................. 748 768 5.8 5.6 Education and health services.................................. 628 531 3.4 2.8 Leisure and hospitality........................................ 796 795 6.8 6.6 Other services................................................. 319 268 5.0 4.4 Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......... 85 77 6.7 5.8 Government workers............................................... 502 424 2.4 2.0 Self employed and unpaid family workers.......................... 255 275 2.3 2.5 1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization (Percent) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Measure Oct. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force........................................................... 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force.............................................. 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate).................................................... 4.6 4.4 4.1 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.4 U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers.................................. 4.9 4.6 4.3 5.2 4.9 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.6 U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers........................................... 5.5 5.2 5.0 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.4 5.3 U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers...................... 8.1 7.6 7.6 8.6 8.4 8.5 8.4 8.0 8.1 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Total Men Women Category Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force................................ 76,655 77,278 29,310 29,407 47,345 47,871 Persons who currently want a job.......................... 4,796 4,661 2,135 2,007 2,661 2,654 Searched for work and available to work now (1).......... 1,414 1,478 705 750 709 728 Reason not currently looking: Discouragement over job prospects (2)........... 392 331 223 203 169 128 Reasons other than discouragement (3).......... 1,022 1,147 482 547 540 600 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders (4)............................... 7,813 7,865 4,016 3,906 3,797 3,959 Percent of total employed............................... 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.0 5.7 5.8 Primary job full time, secondary job part time.......... 4,153 4,123 2,357 2,272 1,796 1,851 Primary and secondary jobs both part time............... 1,704 1,623 560 502 1,143 1,120 Primary and secondary jobs both full time............... 288 353 201 235 88 119 Hours vary on primary or secondary job.................. 1,609 1,709 881 862 728 847 1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry Oct. Aug. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. from: 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006p 2006p Sept. 2006- Oct. 2006p Total nonfarm......... 134,817 135,398 136,026 136,738 133,877 135,251 135,374 135,604 135,752 135,844 92 Total private........... 112,636 114,551 114,116 114,309 112,025 113,300 113,404 113,584 113,704 113,762 58 Goods-producing............. 22,448 22,841 22,705 22,596 22,179 22,435 22,420 22,427 22,421 22,361 -60 Natural resources and mining.... 645 696 694 698 636 677 680 683 684 689 5 Logging...................... 66.0 64.9 64.2 65.0 62.1 63.0 62.3 61.6 60.8 61.4 .6 Mining......................... 578.9 631.0 629.8 632.9 573.8 613.5 617.7 621.0 623.3 627.9 4.6 Oil and gas extraction........ 126.8 140.9 139.2 139.4 127.4 136.7 137.2 139.1 139.3 140.1 .8 Mining, except oil and gas (1). 217.6 225.3 223.6 224.1 214.5 219.2 220.1 218.9 219.4 220.8 1.4 Coal mining.................. 74.9 79.0 78.3 78.8 75.1 78.3 78.2 78.5 78.4 79.2 .8 Support activities for mining. 234.5 264.8 267.0 269.4 231.9 257.6 260.4 263.0 264.6 267.0 2.4 Construction.................... 7,568 7,829 7,739 7,686 7,347 7,499 7,504 7,512 7,517 7,491 -26 Construction of buildings..... 1,738.2 1,801.0 1,785.5 1,777.3 1,702.4 1,752.6 1,756.9 1,755.8 1,757.0 1,750.9 -6.1 Residential building......... 969.3 1,007.5 1,000.6 997.2 952.8 977.9 977.3 982.4 985.9 985.0 -.9 Nonresidential building...... 768.9 793.5 784.9 780.1 749.6 774.7 779.6 773.4 771.1 765.9 -5.2 Heavy and civil engineering construction................. 1,026.8 1,053.0 1,055.7 1,054.1 965.3 981.5 983.0 985.0 992.8 995.1 2.3 Specialty trade contractors... 4,802.5 4,975.1 4,897.7 4,854.6 4,679.2 4,765.0 4,764.1 4,771.4 4,767.0 4,745.0 -22.0 Residential specialty trade contractors................. 2,387.3 2,414.0 2,362.6 2,318.6 2,326.0 2,338.3 2,323.4 2,317.6 2,299.9 2,269.2 -30.7 Nonresidential specialty trade contractors........... 2,415.2 2,561.1 2,535.1 2,536.0 2,353.2 2,426.7 2,440.7 2,453.8 2,467.1 2,475.8 8.7 Manufacturing................... 14,235 14,316 14,272 14,212 14,196 14,259 14,236 14,232 14,220 14,181 -39 Production workers........... 10,113 10,280 10,239 10,190 10,069 10,221 10,212 10,212 10,191 10,158 -33 Durable goods.................. 8,961 9,047 9,022 8,996 8,952 9,033 9,011 9,014 9,011 8,992 -19 Production workers........... 6,264 6,422 6,397 6,377 6,249 6,400 6,394 6,397 6,386 6,372 -14 Wood products................. 555.1 554.4 547.8 538.1 550.7 551.6 550.8 546.0 542.4 537.4 -5.0 Nonmetallic mineral products.. 509.1 511.1 505.3 504.5 500.8 502.3 501.4 500.7 496.4 497.6 1.2 Primary metals................ 470.0 473.4 470.4 468.3 470.5 475.6 474.6 473.4 470.7 469.2 -1.5 Fabricated metal products..... 1,523.9 1,556.6 1,555.0 1,553.5 1,520.8 1,544.4 1,551.0 1,551.8 1,554.4 1,550.7 -3.7 Machinery..................... 1,170.7 1,194.7 1,195.4 1,200.3 1,174.5 1,184.3 1,191.4 1,194.8 1,196.8 1,198.9 2.1 Computer and electronic products (1)................. 1,322.5 1,334.7 1,326.8 1,326.5 1,323.5 1,334.5 1,327.6 1,329.4 1,328.8 1,327.5 -1.3 Computer and peripheral equipment................... 206.8 204.1 203.1 202.7 207.9 203.3 203.1 203.2 202.6 203.2 .6 Communications equipment..... 148.5 147.3 146.8 147.0 148.2 149.7 147.1 147.4 147.5 147.0 -.5 Semiconductors and electronic components.................. 450.6 465.8 463.2 463.7 450.7 461.4 462.7 463.0 463.7 464.1 .4 Electronic instruments....... 441.1 448.0 445.3 444.9 441.6 448.7 445.4 446.4 446.4 445.3 -1.1 Electrical equipment and appliances................... 430.3 445.7 444.3 442.9 431.1 445.1 444.0 445.1 445.3 445.4 .1 Transportation equipment (1)...1,765.3 1,767.7 1,774.2 1,757.0 1,765.5 1,786.7 1,765.1 1,766.9 1,771.3 1,760.9 -10.4 Motor vehicles and parts (2). 1,088.2 1,070.8 1,075.8 1,052.5 1,088.4 1,091.3 1,069.0 1,070.6 1,071.6 1,056.9 -14.7 Furniture and related products 559.4 549.6 543.2 539.4 560.5 555.1 550.4 547.3 544.1 540.8 -3.3 Miscellaneous manufacturing... 654.7 658.8 659.3 665.2 653.6 653.6 655.0 658.5 660.8 663.5 2.7 Nondurable goods............... 5,274 5,269 5,250 5,216 5,244 5,226 5,225 5,218 5,209 5,189 -20 Production workers........... 3,849 3,858 3,842 3,813 3,820 3,821 3,818 3,815 3,805 3,786 -19 Food manufacturing............ 1,482.2 1,502.2 1,503.6 1,493.4 1,458.5 1,466.2 1,468.8 1,468.0 1,472.3 1,469.5 -2.8 Beverages and tobacco products 195.3 201.5 201.5 201.1 192.4 195.6 196.5 197.1 197.5 198.0 .5 Textile mills................. 213.4 194.3 190.5 188.2 213.2 197.2 195.8 193.4 189.7 188.0 -1.7 Textile product mills......... 173.4 168.4 166.2 165.9 173.8 168.3 169.1 168.4 167.6 166.4 -1.2 Apparel....................... 252.9 244.5 244.5 240.0 251.8 249.6 249.0 243.6 242.7 240.9 -1.8 Leather and allied products... 39.6 36.8 37.3 37.2 39.6 37.2 37.1 36.8 37.1 37.0 -.1 Paper and paper products...... 478.9 469.1 466.0 463.1 478.5 471.0 470.2 467.2 465.4 463.8 -1.6 Printing and related support activities................... 646.2 641.9 639.3 639.7 645.1 641.8 639.0 640.3 638.4 638.8 .4 Petroleum and coal products... 114.2 120.3 119.5 118.9 113.1 115.7 116.6 116.8 117.3 117.4 .1 Chemicals..................... 877.6 899.9 894.3 895.6 879.3 891.1 893.0 897.5 895.8 897.8 2.0 Plastics and rubber products.. 800.6 790.5 786.9 773.0 799.1 791.9 790.1 788.9 785.6 771.8 -13.8 Service-providing........... 112,369 112,557 113,321 114,142 111,698 112,816 112,954 113,177 113,331 113,483 152 Private service-providing.. 90,188 91,710 91,411 91,713 89,846 90,865 90,984 91,157 91,283 91,401 118 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 26,033 26,047 26,000 26,135 25,945 26,040 26,052 26,052 26,063 26,062 -1 Wholesale trade................ 5,776.9 5,879.4 5,871.2 5,868.0 5,767.8 5,848.1 5,847.0 5,854.6 5,865.3 5,862.4 -2.9 Durable goods................. 3,003.4 3,069.4 3,065.2 3,066.4 3,002.3 3,050.7 3,051.0 3,058.0 3,068.4 3,067.4 -1.0 Nondurable goods.............. 2,029.1 2,050.4 2,046.0 2,040.8 2,021.7 2,040.2 2,039.6 2,039.5 2,038.7 2,035.7 -3.0 Electronic markets and agents and brokers.................. 744.4 759.6 760.0 760.8 743.8 757.2 756.4 757.1 758.2 759.3 1.1 Retail trade...................15,298.1 15,209.7 15,097.8 15,223.9 15,259.6 15,221.2 15,222.2 15,212.3 15,200.3 15,196.8 -3.5 Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)................... 1,927.7 1,924.7 1,919.6 1,914.5 1,921.5 1,909.7 1,907.3 1,906.7 1,908.4 1,907.5 -.9 Automobile dealers........... 1,263.6 1,251.6 1,250.3 1,246.4 1,260.5 1,245.6 1,245.7 1,243.6 1,243.5 1,242.4 -1.1 Furniture and home furnishings stores....................... 584.0 589.0 585.7 595.8 581.5 595.3 594.8 594.3 593.5 594.9 1.4 Electronics and appliance stores....................... 544.7 519.4 519.8 526.8 540.5 534.0 530.5 527.1 525.8 523.3 -2.5 Building material and garden supply stores................ 1,265.6 1,329.5 1,305.9 1,303.7 1,273.1 1,315.5 1,316.5 1,313.2 1,315.8 1,317.6 1.8 Food and beverage stores...... 2,811.7 2,827.1 2,803.8 2,818.3 2,809.5 2,804.2 2,808.8 2,813.5 2,811.7 2,814.9 3.2 Health and personal care stores....................... 959.5 959.8 955.9 958.7 959.3 958.4 959.3 960.0 960.3 959.3 -1.0 Gasoline stations............. 875.5 870.6 861.8 857.0 874.6 863.2 863.3 858.5 858.2 856.1 -2.1 Clothing and clothing accessories stores........... 1,410.0 1,448.0 1,415.2 1,440.5 1,413.5 1,423.3 1,434.0 1,437.5 1,438.7 1,444.7 6.0 Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores............. 643.8 619.4 615.4 624.4 638.7 628.1 624.2 628.1 620.8 621.4 .6 General merchandise stores (1) 2,920.7 2,805.4 2,789.4 2,840.3 2,910.6 2,866.0 2,859.8 2,850.8 2,841.7 2,831.2 -10.5 Department stores............ 1,603.2 1,531.8 1,520.3 1,561.7 1,590.6 1,574.4 1,571.4 1,565.0 1,558.2 1,550.3 -7.9 Miscellaneous store retailers. 905.7 894.0 889.0 892.0 899.1 892.2 892.7 889.9 889.9 887.5 -2.4 Nonstore retailers............ 449.2 422.8 436.3 451.9 437.7 431.3 431.0 432.7 435.5 438.4 2.9 Transportation and warehousing. 4,398.8 4,394.1 4,470.6 4,483.5 4,358.4 4,411.0 4,423.2 4,425.3 4,436.6 4,443.4 6.8 Air transportation............ 494.1 492.4 490.3 489.1 493.7 486.7 487.7 488.1 488.6 488.1 -.5 Rail transportation........... 228.8 226.7 228.0 226.6 228.1 227.5 227.3 226.7 226.9 225.9 -1.0 Water transportation.......... 62.6 67.3 67.1 66.7 62.6 62.8 64.2 64.6 65.9 66.2 .3 Truck transportation.......... 1,418.0 1,451.0 1,451.0 1,449.2 1,402.0 1,419.3 1,427.1 1,427.4 1,430.9 1,432.4 1.5 Transit and ground passenger transportation............... 403.4 319.5 398.2 402.8 388.5 393.5 391.6 388.7 390.8 390.0 -.8 Pipeline transportation....... 37.3 39.0 38.2 39.2 37.2 38.1 38.4 38.6 38.3 39.2 .9 Scenic and sightseeing transportation............... 31.8 41.6 37.5 32.3 31.5 31.3 30.5 31.5 31.4 31.7 .3 Support activities for transportation............... 551.2 567.5 566.2 567.1 549.8 567.7 564.9 565.4 566.0 567.1 1.1 Couriers and messengers....... 575.2 579.3 581.4 589.8 576.3 580.5 583.6 584.4 586.9 589.8 2.9 Warehousing and storage....... 596.4 609.8 612.7 620.7 588.7 603.6 607.9 609.9 610.9 613.0 2.1 Utilities...................... 558.9 563.3 560.7 559.3 559.4 559.4 559.8 559.8 560.3 559.8 -.5 Information..................... 3,054 3,077 3,048 3,053 3,058 3,062 3,052 3,062 3,059 3,061 2 Publishing industries, except Internet..................... 903.7 904.1 898.7 902.4 903.7 901.4 900.8 901.2 898.5 902.2 3.7 Motion picture and sound recording industries......... 376.5 389.6 369.5 370.2 379.3 380.3 375.7 379.8 376.3 376.7 .4 Broadcasting, except Internet. 328.0 329.5 328.4 326.9 327.6 327.6 328.0 328.2 327.6 326.3 -1.3 Internet publishing and broadcasting................. 30.1 30.7 31.0 31.1 30.1 30.3 29.5 30.6 31.0 31.2 .2 Telecommunications............ 990.4 989.6 988.8 992.0 991.2 989.2 986.3 990.1 992.5 993.8 1.3 ISPs, search portals, and data processing................... 375.9 383.3 381.9 380.0 376.9 383.8 381.8 382.8 383.0 380.7 -2.3 Other information services.... 49.1 49.7 49.5 49.9 49.4 49.8 50.0 49.4 49.8 50.2 .4 Financial activities............ 8,191 8,384 8,358 8,349 8,201 8,315 8,321 8,333 8,360 8,361 1 Finance and insurance.......... 6,043.4 6,159.6 6,157.4 6,169.3 6,053.3 6,130.5 6,142.3 6,150.9 6,172.1 6,178.5 6.4 Monetary authorities - central bank......................... 20.7 21.9 21.8 21.8 20.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.9 .1 Credit intermediation and related activities (1)....... 2,885.5 2,935.5 2,935.6 2,939.8 2,892.9 2,920.0 2,925.7 2,927.2 2,942.2 2,944.7 2.5 Depository credit intermediation (1).......... 1,782.2 1,828.1 1,822.2 1,824.7 1,790.8 1,816.1 1,818.3 1,821.4 1,827.9 1,832.1 4.2 Commercial banking.......... 1,300.6 1,330.8 1,329.1 1,332.6 1,306.9 1,322.7 1,322.9 1,325.7 1,332.7 1,337.3 4.6 Securities, commodity contracts, investments....... 788.1 799.5 795.9 800.6 790.5 797.6 798.7 799.4 800.6 802.8 2.2 Insurance carriers and related activities................... 2,262.8 2,310.9 2,312.2 2,315.6 2,262.1 2,301.0 2,304.9 2,310.9 2,315.3 2,317.1 1.8 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles........... 86.3 91.8 91.9 91.5 87.1 90.2 91.3 91.7 92.2 92.0 -.2 Real estate and rental and leasing....................... 2,147.3 2,224.2 2,200.2 2,180.0 2,147.5 2,184.0 2,178.6 2,182.0 2,187.6 2,182.8 -4.8 Real estate................... 1,477.9 1,528.2 1,510.5 1,496.4 1,474.7 1,503.2 1,499.7 1,500.3 1,501.4 1,497.4 -4.0 Rental and leasing services... 641.6 665.5 659.6 653.6 645.1 651.9 649.3 651.9 656.4 655.6 -.8 Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets............ 27.8 30.5 30.1 30.0 27.7 28.9 29.6 29.8 29.8 29.8 .0 Professional and business services....................... 17,183 17,607 17,550 17,639 16,991 17,319 17,364 17,402 17,416 17,459 43 Professional and technical services (1).................. 7,035.8 7,271.9 7,241.6 7,287.9 7,074.8 7,240.9 7,281.1 7,295.5 7,307.3 7,324.6 17.3 Legal services............... 1,159.0 1,167.3 1,156.9 1,163.4 1,159.2 1,157.7 1,158.5 1,160.5 1,161.6 1,163.6 2.0 Accounting and bookkeeping services.................... 780.3 797.8 809.5 811.4 851.0 867.2 870.8 869.4 877.4 878.2 .8 Architectural and engineering services.................... 1,336.4 1,409.9 1,398.7 1,399.6 1,326.1 1,372.9 1,382.2 1,386.6 1,389.3 1,389.8 .5 Computer systems design and related services............ 1,206.6 1,276.9 1,275.1 1,281.7 1,204.4 1,258.8 1,267.8 1,274.6 1,278.5 1,279.6 1.1 Management and technical consulting services......... 860.3 897.1 895.3 912.3 855.5 880.0 886.5 892.0 895.9 907.6 11.7 Management of companies and enterprises................... 1,749.5 1,800.9 1,792.3 1,787.9 1,749.9 1,783.0 1,789.1 1,790.7 1,794.5 1,795.8 1.3 Administrative and waste services...................... 8,397.4 8,534.2 8,515.8 8,563.2 8,165.8 8,294.9 8,294.2 8,315.4 8,314.5 8,338.8 24.3 Administrative and support services (1)................. 8,065.5 8,196.7 8,177.8 8,222.6 7,835.6 7,960.8 7,959.1 7,983.4 7,979.4 8,000.1 20.7 Employment services (1)...... 3,788.9 3,775.9 3,777.0 3,824.4 3,617.2 3,659.2 3,648.1 3,663.8 3,650.6 3,657.1 6.5 Temporary help services..... 2,717.6 2,683.4 2,694.4 2,738.6 2,576.2 2,602.7 2,596.6 2,600.5 2,588.6 2,603.6 15.0 Business support services.... 756.9 765.5 765.7 780.5 752.7 766.5 766.8 770.5 770.6 777.0 6.4 Services to buildings and dwellings................... 1,785.8 1,875.1 1,840.0 1,821.8 1,741.1 1,773.4 1,777.9 1,775.9 1,775.2 1,779.4 4.2 Waste management and remediation services......... 331.9 337.5 338.0 340.6 330.2 334.1 335.1 332.0 335.1 338.7 3.6 Education and health services... 17,615 17,433 17,764 18,044 17,440 17,704 17,735 17,805 17,842 17,870 28 Educational services........... 2,978.5 2,535.5 2,842.8 3,054.0 2,815.9 2,852.2 2,856.9 2,889.1 2,889.6 2,890.3 .7 Health care and social assistance....................14,636.8 14,897.0 14,920.7 14,989.7 14,624.5 14,852.1 14,877.6 14,915.7 14,952.5 14,980.1 27.6 Health care (3)................12,400.3 12,672.1 12,655.5 12,700.3 12,392.7 12,585.4 12,615.6 12,642.7 12,672.6 12,695.1 22.5 Ambulatory health care services (1)................ 5,156.9 5,296.2 5,293.9 5,316.3 5,152.9 5,257.1 5,271.7 5,287.0 5,308.6 5,316.2 7.6 Offices of physicians....... 2,121.7 2,187.4 2,189.7 2,198.2 2,119.8 2,173.7 2,180.3 2,182.8 2,196.8 2,198.0 1.2 Outpatient care centers..... 479.8 491.9 491.6 492.2 480.6 490.3 489.2 491.5 492.6 493.6 1.0 Home health care services... 822.4 851.1 853.1 860.4 820.8 839.4 845.6 850.9 855.7 859.1 3.4 Hospitals.................... 4,370.9 4,458.3 4,453.5 4,460.4 4,371.7 4,427.4 4,434.0 4,445.1 4,453.6 4,459.9 6.3 Nursing and residential care facilities (1).............. 2,872.5 2,917.6 2,908.1 2,923.6 2,868.1 2,900.9 2,909.9 2,910.6 2,910.4 2,919.0 8.6 Nursing care facilities..... 1,582.4 1,593.7 1,592.4 1,598.6 1,578.9 1,588.6 1,593.0 1,590.3 1,591.4 1,595.5 4.1 Social assistance (1)......... 2,236.5 2,224.9 2,265.2 2,289.4 2,231.8 2,266.7 2,262.0 2,273.0 2,279.9 2,285.0 5.1 Child day care services...... 803.9 745.3 783.4 799.2 793.2 790.6 781.9 789.7 787.6 788.5 .9 Leisure and hospitality......... 12,757 13,724 13,300 13,086 12,840 13,023 13,062 13,099 13,127 13,162 35 Arts, entertainment, and recreation.................... 1,855.1 2,189.3 1,991.2 1,881.7 1,897.8 1,911.8 1,913.7 1,916.1 1,914.3 1,924.6 10.3 Performing arts and spectator sports....................... 367.5 403.9 391.1 380.3 365.0 374.3 376.5 375.1 373.7 377.2 3.5 Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks.............. 122.0 135.9 126.6 125.5 121.6 123.8 123.9 124.4 124.5 124.5 .0 Amusements, gambling, and recreation................... 1,365.6 1,649.5 1,473.5 1,375.9 1,411.2 1,413.7 1,413.3 1,416.6 1,416.1 1,422.9 6.8 Accommodations and food services......................10,902.3 11,534.9 11,308.7 11,204.7 10,942.4 11,110.8 11,148.0 11,182.6 11,212.4 11,237.8 25.4 Accommodations................ 1,792.3 1,946.8 1,850.8 1,801.4 1,812.9 1,798.0 1,806.5 1,809.9 1,817.5 1,816.2 -1.3 Food services and drinking places....................... 9,110.0 9,588.1 9,457.9 9,403.3 9,129.5 9,312.8 9,341.5 9,372.7 9,394.9 9,421.6 26.7 Other services.................. 5,355 5,438 5,391 5,407 5,371 5,402 5,398 5,404 5,416 5,426 10 Repair and maintenance........ 1,225.6 1,255.4 1,252.9 1,255.5 1,227.1 1,251.8 1,245.9 1,252.5 1,256.3 1,258.5 2.2 Personal and laundry services. 1,265.0 1,272.6 1,267.9 1,268.2 1,270.3 1,267.9 1,271.2 1,268.2 1,272.6 1,273.5 .9 Membership associations and organizations................ 2,864.3 2,910.0 2,870.3 2,882.9 2,873.2 2,882.5 2,880.9 2,883.0 2,887.0 2,893.5 6.5 Government...................... 22,181 20,847 21,910 22,429 21,852 21,951 21,970 22,020 22,048 22,082 34 Federal........................ 2,721 2,722 2,713 2,697 2,724 2,708 2,716 2,708 2,706 2,699 -7 Federal, except U.S. Postal Service...................... 1,948.6 1,957.9 1,948.2 1,930.6 1,949.5 1,942.7 1,943.2 1,940.3 1,938.8 1,931.7 -7.1 U.S. Postal Service........... 772.3 763.8 765.0 766.1 774.1 764.9 772.9 767.5 767.2 767.4 .2 State government............... 5,155 4,788 5,067 5,200 5,022 5,038 5,039 5,055 5,061 5,063 2 State government education.... 2,390.2 1,975.6 2,278.8 2,422.6 2,248.1 2,258.3 2,256.1 2,268.6 2,275.0 2,276.9 1.9 State government, excluding education.................... 2,764.7 2,812.8 2,788.2 2,777.2 2,773.5 2,779.8 2,783.0 2,786.1 2,786.3 2,785.9 -.4 Local government............... 14,305 13,337 14,130 14,532 14,106 14,205 14,215 14,257 14,281 14,320 39 Local government education.... 8,134.7 6,899.1 7,849.0 8,273.4 7,894.9 7,934.1 7,940.2 7,973.2 7,990.1 8,020.2 30.1 Local government, excluding education.................... 6,170.3 6,437.6 6,280.5 6,258.4 6,211.5 6,270.7 6,274.7 6,284.0 6,291.0 6,299.3 8.3 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers (1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry Oct. Aug. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. from: 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006p 2006p Sept. 2006- Oct. 2006p Total private......................... 34.1 34.1 33.9 34.2 33.8 33.9 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.9 0.1 Goods-producing........................... 40.6 40.9 40.8 41.0 40.3 40.6 40.7 40.6 40.3 40.7 .4 Natural resources and mining.................. 46.4 45.8 45.6 46.4 46.0 46.0 46.0 45.3 45.1 45.8 .7 Construction.................................. 39.1 39.9 39.3 39.9 38.5 39.0 38.8 39.0 38.5 39.3 .8 Manufacturing................................. 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.4 41.0 41.3 41.4 41.3 41.1 41.2 .1 Overtime hours............................. 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3 .0 Durable goods................................ 41.7 41.6 41.6 41.7 41.6 41.6 41.8 41.6 41.3 41.5 .2 Overtime hours............................. 4.9 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.3 .0 Wood products............................... 41.1 40.3 39.7 40.1 40.8 39.6 40.1 39.9 39.6 39.8 .2 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 43.6 43.8 43.6 43.8 42.6 43.6 43.6 43.3 43.2 43.2 .0 Primary metals.............................. 43.4 43.4 43.8 43.6 43.5 43.8 44.0 43.7 43.6 43.7 .1 Fabricated metal products................... 41.8 41.6 41.6 41.8 41.6 41.5 41.6 41.7 41.4 41.5 .1 Machinery................................... 42.1 42.3 42.6 42.8 42.2 42.5 42.9 42.7 42.4 42.8 .4 Computer and electronic products............ 40.7 40.2 40.6 40.7 40.5 40.8 40.6 40.5 40.4 40.6 .2 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 41.8 41.0 41.0 41.2 41.4 41.3 41.5 41.0 40.7 40.8 .1 Transportation equipment.................... 43.2 42.9 43.0 42.8 43.0 42.9 43.5 42.9 42.5 42.6 .1 Motor vehicles and parts (2)............... 43.2 42.6 42.7 42.3 42.9 42.8 43.0 42.5 42.1 42.0 -.1 Furniture and related products.............. 38.8 39.5 39.2 39.5 39.2 38.7 38.6 39.0 38.7 39.5 .8 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 39.1 38.8 38.6 38.6 39.0 38.9 38.7 38.7 38.5 38.5 .0 Nondurable goods............................. 40.3 40.7 41.1 40.8 40.1 40.7 40.8 40.7 40.7 40.7 .0 Overtime hours............................. 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.3 .1 Food manufacturing.......................... 39.3 40.0 40.9 40.6 38.9 39.9 40.1 39.8 40.2 40.2 .0 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 40.5 41.6 40.8 40.4 40.8 41.2 41.7 41.1 40.8 40.9 .1 Textile mills............................... 39.9 41.1 40.9 40.4 40.2 40.8 40.8 41.1 40.7 40.7 .0 Textile product mills....................... 39.0 40.2 39.9 39.0 38.8 40.2 40.3 40.4 39.6 39.2 -.4 Apparel..................................... 36.2 36.7 36.5 37.3 36.1 36.8 36.7 36.6 36.6 37.0 .4 Leather and allied products................. 39.0 39.5 38.6 38.7 38.7 39.1 39.2 39.6 38.8 38.7 -.1 Paper and paper products.................... 43.1 43.3 43.2 43.1 42.9 43.3 43.5 43.4 42.9 43.0 .1 Printing and related support activities..... 38.8 38.9 39.6 39.6 38.5 39.3 39.1 39.1 39.2 39.3 .1 Petroleum and coal products................. 47.6 44.9 45.9 45.5 47.3 45.6 45.6 45.4 45.1 45.2 .1 Chemicals................................... 42.7 42.5 43.0 42.3 42.9 42.6 42.8 42.7 43.1 42.6 -.5 Plastics and rubber products................ 40.1 40.8 40.9 40.7 40.0 40.8 41.0 40.9 40.5 40.7 .2 Private service-providing................ 32.6 32.6 32.4 32.8 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 .1 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 33.5 33.6 33.5 33.6 33.3 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.4 .0 Wholesale trade.............................. 38.2 38.0 38.0 38.5 37.8 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.1 .1 Retail trade................................. 30.4 30.7 30.6 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.3 30.4 30.4 .0 Transportation and warehousing............... 37.1 37.2 36.9 37.5 36.7 36.9 36.9 37.0 36.7 37.0 .3 Utilities.................................... 41.6 41.7 41.8 42.3 41.3 41.3 41.6 41.7 41.4 41.9 .5 Information................................... 37.0 36.9 36.9 37.2 36.7 36.6 36.8 36.8 36.9 36.8 -.1 Financial activities.......................... 36.5 35.4 35.4 36.5 36.1 35.6 35.7 35.5 35.7 35.9 .2 Professional and business services............ 34.6 34.8 34.7 35.1 34.3 34.6 34.6 34.7 34.7 34.8 .1 Education and health services................. 32.8 32.5 32.5 32.7 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.4 32.5 32.5 .0 Leisure and hospitality....................... 25.9 26.3 25.6 25.9 25.7 25.6 25.6 25.6 25.8 25.7 -.1 Other services................................ 31.0 31.1 30.8 31.0 30.9 30.9 30.8 30.9 30.8 30.9 .1 1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers (1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Oct. Aug. Sept. Oct. Oct. Aug. Sept. Oct. 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2006 2006p 2006p Total private........................... $16.35 $16.70 $16.88 $16.99 $557.54 $569.47 $572.23 $581.06 Seasonally adjusted.................... 16.28 16.81 16.85 16.91 550.26 568.18 569.53 573.25 Goods-producing............................. 17.82 18.12 18.20 18.25 723.49 741.11 742.56 748.25 Natural resources and mining.................... 19.01 19.93 20.04 20.29 882.06 912.79 913.82 941.46 Construction.................................... 19.75 20.23 20.36 20.40 772.23 807.18 800.15 813.96 Manufacturing................................... 16.70 16.81 16.91 16.94 688.04 694.25 700.07 701.32 Durable goods.................................. 17.52 17.71 17.84 17.87 730.58 736.74 742.14 745.18 Wood products................................. 13.28 13.48 13.56 13.51 545.81 543.24 538.33 541.75 Nonmetallic mineral products.................. 16.71 16.73 16.52 16.62 728.56 732.77 720.27 727.96 Primary metals................................ 19.08 19.32 19.63 19.54 828.07 838.49 859.79 851.94 Fabricated metal products..................... 15.93 16.10 16.20 16.22 665.87 669.76 673.92 678.00 Machinery..................................... 17.06 17.14 17.26 17.40 718.23 725.02 735.28 744.72 Computer and electronic products.............. 18.61 19.12 19.34 19.49 757.43 768.62 785.20 793.24 Electrical equipment and appliances........... 15.39 15.65 15.61 15.68 643.30 641.65 640.01 646.02 Transportation equipment...................... 22.54 22.45 22.61 22.56 973.73 963.11 972.23 965.57 Furniture and related products................ 13.45 13.82 13.95 13.98 521.86 545.89 546.84 552.21 Miscellaneous manufacturing................... 14.08 14.52 14.52 14.61 550.53 563.38 560.47 563.95 Nondurable goods............................... 15.31 15.27 15.33 15.34 616.99 621.49 630.06 625.87 Food manufacturing............................ 13.00 13.14 13.15 13.12 510.90 525.60 537.84 532.67 Beverages and tobacco products................ 18.57 17.96 18.23 18.23 752.09 747.14 743.78 736.49 Textile mills................................. 12.31 12.65 12.57 12.85 491.17 519.92 514.11 519.14 Textile product mills......................... 11.71 11.90 11.97 11.82 456.69 478.38 477.60 460.98 Apparel....................................... 10.28 10.56 10.60 10.58 372.14 387.55 386.90 394.63 Leather and allied products................... 11.49 11.66 11.44 11.63 448.11 460.57 441.58 450.08 Paper and paper products...................... 17.94 17.91 18.14 18.17 773.21 775.50 783.65 783.13 Printing and related support activities....... 15.89 15.81 15.82 15.91 616.53 615.01 626.47 630.04 Petroleum and coal products................... 24.59 23.53 24.12 24.58 1170.48 1056.50 1107.11 1118.39 Chemicals..................................... 19.88 19.18 19.40 19.44 848.88 815.15 834.20 822.31 Plastics and rubber products.................. 14.80 15.08 15.07 14.98 593.48 615.26 616.36 609.69 Private service-providing.................. 15.95 16.31 16.51 16.65 519.97 531.71 534.92 546.12 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 15.09 15.44 15.56 15.61 505.52 518.78 521.26 524.50 Wholesale trade................................ 18.42 18.92 19.08 19.14 703.64 718.96 725.04 736.89 Retail trade................................... 12.42 12.63 12.71 12.72 377.57 387.74 388.93 386.69 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.83 17.36 17.42 17.48 624.39 645.79 642.80 655.50 Utilities...................................... 27.26 27.19 27.49 27.73 1134.02 1133.82 1149.08 1172.98 Information..................................... 22.80 23.32 23.58 23.65 843.60 860.51 870.10 879.78 Financial activities............................ 18.22 18.78 19.03 19.26 665.03 664.81 673.66 702.99 Professional and business services.............. 18.38 18.94 19.14 19.48 635.95 659.11 664.16 683.75 Education and health services................... 16.90 17.41 17.48 17.49 554.32 565.83 568.10 571.92 Leisure and hospitality......................... 9.26 9.58 9.72 9.75 239.83 251.95 248.83 252.53 Other services.................................. 14.45 14.51 14.70 14.72 447.95 451.26 452.76 456.32 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers (1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. change from: 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006p 2006p Sept.2006- Oct. 2006p Total private: Current dollars........................ $16.28 $16.69 $16.76 $16.81 $16.85 $16.91 0.4 Constant (1982) dollars (2)............ 8.09 8.17 8.16 8.16 8.24 N.A. (3) Goods-producing............................. 17.74 17.99 18.00 18.06 18.08 18.15 .4 Natural resources and mining.................... 19.04 19.85 19.89 20.06 20.17 20.30 .6 Construction.................................... 19.58 20.02 20.06 20.11 20.17 20.20 .1 Manufacturing................................... 16.71 16.80 16.80 16.85 16.86 16.92 .4 Excluding overtime (4)....................... 15.82 15.91 15.93 16.00 16.02 16.08 .4 Durable goods.................................. 17.51 17.68 17.69 17.74 17.77 17.83 .3 Nondurable goods............................... 15.35 15.30 15.28 15.32 15.30 15.36 .4 Private service-providing.................. 15.89 16.34 16.43 16.47 16.52 16.58 .4 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 15.05 15.38 15.48 15.49 15.53 15.57 .3 Wholesale trade................................ 18.32 18.84 18.94 19.00 19.10 19.08 -.1 Retail trade................................... 12.43 12.60 12.66 12.65 12.67 12.72 .4 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.82 17.19 17.36 17.34 17.40 17.45 .3 Utilities...................................... 27.17 27.47 27.57 27.47 27.33 27.62 1.1 Information..................................... 22.65 23.24 23.34 23.40 23.45 23.50 .2 Financial activities............................ 18.09 18.69 18.79 18.86 19.03 19.12 .5 Professional and business services.............. 18.30 18.98 19.15 19.17 19.29 19.40 .6 Education and health services................... 16.90 17.33 17.36 17.44 17.45 17.49 .2 Leisure and hospitality......................... 9.22 9.57 9.61 9.67 9.69 9.71 .2 Other services.................................. 14.46 14.56 14.60 14.61 14.67 14.69 .1 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. 3 Change was 1.0 percent from Aug. 2006 to Sept. 2006, the latest month available. 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. N.A. = not available. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers (1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Oct. Aug. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. change from: 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006p 2006p Sept. 2006- Oct. 2006p Total private......................... 104.7 107.1 105.9 107.0 103.1 105.1 105.2 105.1 105.2 105.5 0.3 Goods-producing........................... 102.0 105.5 104.3 104.2 99.6 102.4 102.6 102.4 101.4 102.0 .6 Natural resources and mining.................. 120.8 129.0 128.4 129.9 117.6 125.4 126.1 124.7 124.4 126.1 1.4 Construction.................................. 114.2 121.2 117.4 118.0 108.5 112.7 112.0 112.7 111.0 112.5 1.4 Manufacturing................................. 95.6 97.4 97.3 96.8 94.7 96.9 97.0 96.8 96.1 96.1 .0 Durable goods................................ 98.1 100.4 100.0 99.9 97.7 100.0 100.4 100.0 99.1 99.4 .3 Wood products............................... 103.9 100.8 97.5 96.2 102.4 98.6 99.5 98.1 96.1 95.0 -1.1 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 101.5 102.8 100.9 100.9 97.2 100.5 100.3 99.1 97.9 98.0 .1 Primary metals.............................. 94.7 95.5 96.0 94.9 95.0 97.1 97.0 96.3 95.6 95.3 -.3 Fabricated metal products................... 101.2 104.1 104.1 104.4 100.5 102.8 103.6 104.1 103.5 103.6 .1 Machinery................................... 99.6 103.3 104.6 105.8 100.3 102.9 104.7 104.7 104.4 105.8 1.3 Computer and electronic products............ 100.3 105.7 106.7 107.1 99.8 106.8 106.2 106.3 106.2 106.7 .5 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 88.8 91.3 90.6 90.6 88.1 91.6 91.9 91.1 90.0 90.1 .1 Transportation equipment.................... 99.5 101.0 101.1 100.1 98.8 101.8 102.5 101.0 99.9 99.9 .0 Motor vehicles and parts (2)............... 97.1 94.3 93.9 90.8 96.4 96.6 95.1 93.9 92.4 90.4 -2.2 Furniture and related products.............. 90.0 91.3 88.9 88.2 91.0 90.1 89.0 89.4 87.8 88.6 .9 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 92.1 92.4 91.8 92.9 91.5 91.4 91.2 92.0 91.8 92.2 .4 Nondurable goods............................. 91.4 92.5 93.0 91.6 90.2 91.6 91.7 91.4 91.2 90.7 -.5 Food manufacturing.......................... 97.2 100.4 103.0 101.4 94.5 97.2 97.9 97.2 98.7 98.4 -.3 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 102.1 104.0 102.7 101.6 100.3 99.8 101.5 100.3 99.7 100.3 .6 Textile mills............................... 68.9 66.0 64.3 62.5 69.3 66.1 65.6 65.6 63.7 63.0 -1.1 Textile product mills....................... 92.0 90.0 88.9 86.4 92.2 91.6 91.4 91.0 89.0 87.3 -1.9 Apparel..................................... 64.5 66.0 65.7 66.4 64.0 66.8 66.8 65.7 65.3 65.9 .9 Leather and allied products................. 81.0 74.7 73.7 72.9 79.6 75.4 75.4 74.9 73.3 72.3 -1.4 Paper and paper products.................... 88.5 87.8 87.0 86.2 87.9 88.0 88.0 87.4 86.0 85.9 -.1 Printing and related support activities..... 92.0 93.1 94.5 95.3 90.8 93.8 93.2 93.5 93.7 94.3 .6 Petroleum and coal products................. 107.4 101.1 101.8 97.9 105.3 101.3 101.4 99.0 97.9 96.2 -1.7 Chemicals................................... 97.2 100.6 100.0 98.2 97.9 99.9 100.2 100.7 100.6 99.3 -1.3 Plastics and rubber products................ 92.4 92.9 92.6 90.6 91.9 93.2 93.3 93.1 91.6 90.3 -1.4 Private service-providing................ 105.2 107.5 106.4 108.0 104.1 105.7 105.8 106.1 106.2 106.6 .4 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 102.4 102.9 102.3 103.3 101.3 102.2 102.3 102.3 102.2 102.3 .1 Wholesale trade.............................. 103.7 105.3 105.1 106.6 102.3 104.7 104.8 104.8 105.0 105.3 .3 Retail trade................................. 100.4 100.8 99.6 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.9 99.5 99.7 99.7 .0 Transportation and warehousing............... 106.6 107.1 108.3 110.2 104.3 106.7 107.0 107.5 106.7 107.7 .9 Utilities.................................... 95.4 97.2 96.8 97.9 94.9 95.3 96.2 96.5 95.9 97.1 1.3 Information................................... 100.9 102.6 101.5 102.3 100.5 101.2 101.5 101.8 102.1 101.7 -.4 Financial activities.......................... 106.8 107.6 107.1 110.4 105.8 107.0 107.4 107.1 108.0 108.8 .7 Professional and business services............ 109.3 113.3 112.4 114.2 106.9 110.6 110.8 111.3 111.4 111.9 .4 Education and health services................. 108.4 106.6 108.6 110.9 107.0 108.4 108.3 108.5 109.0 109.1 .1 Leisure and hospitality....................... 106.4 117.2 110.3 109.5 106.2 107.8 108.1 108.5 109.6 109.5 -.1 Other services................................ 95.7 98.2 96.3 97.2 95.8 96.7 96.4 96.8 96.7 97.2 .5 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers (1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Oct. Aug. Sept. Oct. Oct. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. change from: 2005 2006 2006p 2006p 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006p 2006p Sept. 2006- Oct. 2006p Total private......................... 114.5 119.7 119.6 121.6 112.3 117.4 118.0 118.2 118.6 119.3 0.6 Goods-producing........................... 111.3 117.0 116.3 116.4 108.2 112.8 113.1 113.2 112.3 113.3 .9 Natural resources and mining.................. 133.6 149.5 149.7 153.3 130.2 144.8 145.9 145.5 145.9 148.8 2.0 Construction.................................. 121.8 132.4 129.1 130.0 114.7 121.8 121.3 122.4 120.9 122.7 1.5 Manufacturing................................. 104.4 107.1 107.6 107.3 103.5 106.4 106.6 106.7 106.0 106.3 .3 Durable goods................................ 107.3 111.0 111.4 111.5 106.8 110.4 110.9 110.7 109.9 110.6 .6 Nondurable goods............................. 98.8 99.8 100.7 99.3 97.9 99.0 99.1 99.0 98.6 98.5 -.1 Private service-providing................ 115.2 120.5 120.6 123.6 113.6 118.6 119.4 120.0 120.5 121.4 .7 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 110.2 113.3 113.5 115.0 108.8 112.2 112.9 113.0 113.3 113.6 .3 Wholesale trade.............................. 112.5 117.4 118.2 120.1 110.4 116.2 116.9 117.3 118.1 118.4 .3 Retail trade................................. 106.9 109.1 108.5 109.0 106.6 107.9 108.4 107.9 108.2 108.7 .5 Transportation and warehousing............... 113.8 117.9 119.7 122.2 111.3 116.3 117.9 118.2 117.8 119.2 1.2 Utilities.................................... 108.6 110.3 111.1 113.3 107.6 109.3 110.7 110.7 109.4 112.0 2.4 Information................................... 113.9 118.5 118.4 119.8 112.7 116.4 117.2 117.9 118.5 118.3 -.2 Financial activities.......................... 120.3 124.9 126.0 131.5 118.4 123.7 124.8 124.8 127.1 128.6 1.2 Professional and business services............ 119.6 127.6 128.0 132.3 116.4 124.9 126.2 127.0 127.9 129.1 .9 Education and health services................. 120.5 122.0 124.7 127.5 118.8 123.5 123.6 124.3 125.1 125.5 .3 Leisure and hospitality....................... 114.9 130.9 125.0 124.5 114.2 120.3 121.1 122.3 123.8 123.9 .1 Other services................................ 100.8 103.8 103.1 104.2 100.9 102.6 102.5 103.1 103.4 104.1 .7 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change (Percent) Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries (1) Over 1-month span: 2002 .............. 40.8 36.5 38.3 38.7 40.1 46.0 43.7 43.3 41.7 41.9 41.5 36.0 2003 .............. 44.1 37.9 34.9 38.3 42.8 38.8 37.6 39.7 50.7 49.8 52.0 51.3 2004 .............. 51.6 49.5 62.4 65.5 62.4 57.7 52.7 52.0 57.0 54.3 55.0 54.1 2005 .............. 50.7 57.7 56.7 54.7 54.5 56.7 59.2 54.1 51.4 53.4 61.7 58.6 2006 .............. 61.0 59.9 58.5 64.4 55.8 56.8 53.8 53.1 p55.9 p54.9 Over 3-month span: 2002 .............. 34.5 36.2 35.6 35.8 34.9 38.8 38.5 44.8 37.6 39.7 37.2 39.6 2003 .............. 40.6 34.2 34.7 32.7 35.3 41.7 38.5 33.8 42.6 47.8 49.8 50.5 2004 .............. 54.3 53.4 57.6 63.1 69.4 68.3 58.8 55.6 57.4 56.5 59.9 55.2 2005 .............. 52.9 56.7 59.2 60.4 56.8 60.8 60.4 59.7 57.9 52.2 57.0 63.7 2006 .............. 66.2 65.5 63.3 63.7 63.8 59.7 56.7 58.8 p56.1 p55.6 Over 6-month span: 2002 .............. 30.2 30.6 31.5 30.9 32.0 36.3 35.8 37.6 34.5 36.0 36.7 35.3 2003 .............. 34.4 31.8 31.8 34.0 32.7 36.2 33.3 32.4 40.5 45.3 46.4 47.7 2004 .............. 49.8 52.3 54.7 60.8 63.3 63.8 63.1 63.5 59.0 61.3 55.9 55.6 2005 .............. 55.4 57.7 57.4 58.8 55.2 58.6 60.8 59.5 60.6 57.7 58.5 60.6 2006 .............. 61.2 61.5 63.1 67.6 65.5 65.8 62.9 59.9 p59.7 p58.1 Over 12-month span: 2002 .............. 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.4 30.2 29.1 32.0 31.3 30.0 29.5 32.9 34.7 2003 .............. 34.5 31.5 32.9 33.5 34.2 35.1 32.7 33.1 37.1 36.7 37.2 39.2 2004 .............. 40.3 42.1 44.8 48.4 50.7 57.7 57.0 55.2 56.7 58.3 60.1 60.3 2005 .............. 60.1 61.0 59.5 58.6 58.6 59.4 60.8 61.0 60.8 58.3 58.8 62.1 2006 .............. 61.3 61.0 62.2 62.6 64.0 65.3 60.8 62.6 p63.8 p64.0 Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries (1) Over 1-month span: 2002 .............. 19.6 21.4 18.5 29.2 25.0 30.4 36.9 25.6 28.6 17.9 17.9 19.6 2003 .............. 32.7 19.6 19.6 10.7 23.2 19.0 19.6 29.2 28.6 36.3 42.3 40.5 2004 .............. 44.0 47.6 44.6 64.9 53.6 45.8 56.5 52.4 41.7 42.3 39.9 39.3 2005 .............. 39.3 38.7 38.7 42.3 44.6 34.5 47.6 35.7 45.2 43.5 50.0 52.4 2006 .............. 59.5 48.8 49.4 57.7 50.0 60.7 45.2 39.9 p44.0 p44.0 Over 3-month span: 2002 .............. 9.5 9.5 11.3 17.9 14.9 17.9 22.6 25.6 22.6 17.3 9.5 11.9 2003 .............. 18.5 11.3 12.5 8.3 7.7 11.3 14.9 15.5 16.7 27.4 32.1 35.7 2004 .............. 43.5 42.3 43.5 53.6 57.7 58.9 53.6 48.8 48.2 40.5 38.1 31.0 2005 .............. 35.7 39.9 42.9 39.9 37.5 41.1 39.3 35.7 39.9 36.3 36.9 50.0 2006 .............. 56.0 51.8 48.8 50.6 48.8 51.2 48.8 49.4 p37.5 p38.1 Over 6-month span: 2002 .............. 7.1 8.3 7.7 8.3 8.3 11.9 12.5 11.9 13.7 8.9 7.1 7.7 2003 .............. 11.3 11.3 8.3 9.5 10.7 9.5 6.0 8.9 13.7 18.5 24.4 23.8 2004 .............. 28.6 33.3 33.3 45.8 47.6 51.2 56.0 51.8 48.2 49.4 39.3 35.7 2005 .............. 36.9 36.9 35.1 33.3 33.3 32.7 36.9 36.9 41.1 41.7 39.3 42.3 2006 .............. 37.5 45.8 45.2 51.2 48.2 51.8 45.2 45.2 p47.6 p42.3 Over 12-month span: 2002 .............. 7.1 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.1 3.6 4.8 6.0 4.8 7.1 4.8 8.3 2003 .............. 10.7 6.0 6.5 6.0 8.3 7.1 7.1 8.3 10.7 10.7 9.5 10.7 2004 .............. 13.1 14.3 13.1 20.2 23.2 35.7 36.9 38.1 36.3 44.0 44.6 44.6 2005 .............. 44.6 44.6 41.7 40.5 39.9 33.3 32.7 31.0 32.1 39.3 35.7 40.5 2006 .............. 41.1 39.9 39.9 42.9 41.7 46.4 42.9 42.9 p45.8 p45.2 1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. p = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.