Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Dec.
2023
Dec.
2024
Dec.
2023
Dec.
2024
Dec.
2023
Dec.
2024

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

101,330 101,892 42,375 42,743 58,955 59,149

Persons who currently want a job

5,465 5,294 2,599 2,608 2,867 2,686

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,567 1,565 769 840 798 725

Discouraged workers(2)

350 491 190 282 160 209

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,217 1,074 579 558 638 516

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

8,696 8,607 4,108 4,139 4,588 4,467

Percent of total employed

5.4 5.3 4.8 4.9 6.1 5.9

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

5,085 4,965 2,632 2,621 2,452 2,344

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

2,113 2,048 658 686 1,455 1,362

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

399 309 217 181 181 128

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,028 1,235 560 631 468 603

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Last Modified Date: January 10, 2025