Technical information: (202) 691-6392 USDL 04-895 http://www.bls.gov/mls/ For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT Media contact: 691-5902 Tuesday, May 18, 2004 EXTENDED MASS LAYOFFS IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2004 In the first quarter of 2004, 1,204 mass layoff actions were taken by employers in the private nonfarm economy that resulted in the separation of 239,361 workers from their jobs for at least 31 days, according to preliminary figures released by the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics. Both the total number of layoff events and the number of separations were sharply lower than in January-March 2003 and were the lowest for a first quarter since 2000. (See table A.) The decline over the year was most notable in general merchandise stores, administrative and support services, computer and electronic product manufacturing, and air transportation. In the first quarter of 2004, the national unemploy- ment rate was 6.1 percent, not seasonally adjusted; a year earlier it was 6.3 percent. Nonfarm payroll employment, not seasonally adjusted, increased by 0.2 percent or 247,000 jobs from January-March 2003 to January-March 2004. The completion of seasonal work accounted for 28 percent of all events and 56,478 separations during the period--the highest level for a first quarter since 2000. Layoffs due to internal company restructuring represented 25 per- cent of events and resulted in 55,376 separations. Permanent closure of work- sites occurred in 17 percent of all events and affected 42,814 workers, the lowest first-quarter level since 1998. Thirty-five percent of the employers anticipating a recall expected to extend the offer to all laid-off workers, the highest proportion for a first quarter since 2001. Industry Distribution of Extended Layoffs Extended mass layoff separations occurred in 382 of the 1,197 detailed industries for which data are available. This is the fewest number of industries to have at least one extended mass layoff event in the first quarter since 1998. Retail trade, accounted for 11 percent of private-nonfarm layoff events and 36 percent of separations during January-March 2004. (See table 1.) This marked the first time since the program began in 1995 that a sector other than manufacturing reported the greatest share of separations. In addition, the 86,884 worker separations in retail trade were the highest for that sector for any quarter since 1995. Layoff activity in this sector was concentrated in food and beverage stores (54,969, largely in supermarkets and other grocery stores). --------------------------------------------------------------------- | NOTE: Beginning with data for the first quarter of 2004, the | | scope of extended mass layoffs and plant closings has been redefined| | to cover only the private nonfarm economy due to budget constraints.| | Quarterly information on layoff events in agriculture and government| | are no longer collected. However, the monthly reporting of Mass | | Layoffs, which is based only on administrative data, will be unaf- | | fected and will continue to cover the total economy. | | Also beginning with first quarter 2004, the reasons for layoff | | presented in table 2 of this release have been revised. "Domestic | | relocation" and "overseas relocation" will no longer be reported. | | Additional information on domestic and out-of-country moves will be | | reported at a later date. | --------------------------------------------------------------------- - 2 - Table A. Selected measures of extended mass layoff activity, private nonfarm sector --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Period | Layoff events| Separations | Initial claimants --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2000 | | | January-March............| 1,081 | 202,500 | 180,205 April-June...............| 1,055 | 205,861 | 186,759 July-September...........| 817 | 174,628 | 158,394 October-December.........| 1,638 | 332,973 | 320,909 2001 | | | January-March............| 1,546 | 304,171 | 306,535 April-June...............| 1,828 | 430,499 | 358,611 July-September...........| 1,629 | 330,391 | 336,298 October-December.........| 2,372 | 459,771 | 456,068 2002 | | | January-March............| 1,611 | 299,266 | 292,998 April-June...............| 1,624 | 344,606 | 299,598 July-September...........| 1,186 | 255,152 | 254,955 October-December.........| 1,916 | 373,307 | 370,592 2003 | | | January-March(r).........| 1,502 | 286,947 | 297,607 April-June(r)............| 1,799 | 368,273 | 348,890 July-September(r)........| 1,190 | 236,121 | 227,568 October-December(r)......| 1,690 | 325,093 | 325,765 2004 | | | January-March(p).........| 1,204 | 239,361 | 165,272 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- p=preliminary. r=revised. Manufacturing industries accounted for 32 percent of private nonfarm layoff events and 24 percent of separations. Layoff activity in this sector was concentrated in food manufacturing (11,005), followed by transportation equip- ment manufacturing (8,874) and computer and electronic product manufacturing (3,912). Layoffs in construction comprised 19 percent of events and 10 per- cent of separations, mostly among specialty trade contractors. Cutbacks in administrative and waste services accounted for 11 percent of events and 9 percent of separations, mainly in temporary help services. The accommoda- tion and food services sector accounted for an additional 4 percent of events and separations during the quarter, primarily in hotels and motels, except casino hotels. Information technology-producing industries (communication equipment, communications services, computer hardware, and software and computer services) accounted for 6 percent of layoff events and 10,556 worker separations in the first quarter, down from 11 percent of layoff events and 28,582 separations a year earlier. (See table 8.) This also marked the lowest number of separations in the industry grouping since the first quarter of 2000. Layoffs in the information technology-producing industries were most numerous in communications services, 3,816 separations, followed by those in computer hardware. Reasons for Extended Layoff Layoffs due to the completion of seasonal work accounted for 28 percent of the extended layoff events and resulted in 56,478 separations in the first quarter. (See table 2.) Seasonal layoffs were most numerous among workers in general merchandise stores and specialty trade contractors. Contract completion accounted for 14 percent of events and resulted in 51,795 separations during the first quarter. These layoffs were primarily in food and beverage stores and in administrative and support services. - 3 - Table B. Summary of employer expectations of a recall from extended layoff, private nonfarm sector, first quarter 2003- first quarter 2004 ----------------------------------------------------------------- | Percentage of events |------------------------------------------- Nature of the recall| I | II | III | IV | I | 2003 | 2003 | 2003 | 2003 | 2004 ----------------------------------------------------------------- Anticipate a recall..| 35.4 | 43.2 | 32.0 | 58.2 | 39.9 | | | | | Timeframe | | | | | | | | | | Within 6 months......| 72.5 | 84.3 | 84.5 | 85.5 | 83.3 Within 3 months....| 46.0 | 55.1 | 58.3 | 37.3 | 49.0 | | | | | Size | | | | | | | | | | At least half........| 80.2 | 87.6 | 86.9 | 91.7 | 87.5 All workers........| 33.0 | 49.2 | 44.1 | 45.0 | 35.2 ----------------------------------------------------------------- p=preliminary. Internal company restructuring (bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization) accounted for 25 percent of layoff events and resulted in 55,376 separations. The number of such separations was the lowest for a first quarter since 1998. These layoffs were mostly among workers in food manufacturing, in general merchandise stores, in accommodation, and in hospitals. In the first quarter of 2003, layoff events for these reasons represented 24 percent of events and involved 94,707 workers. Recall Expectations Forty percent of employers reporting an extended layoff in the first quarter of 2004 indicated they anticipated some type of recall. This compares with 35 percent of the employers anticipating a recall a year earlier. (See table B.) Most of the employers not expecting a recall were in administrative and support services, food manufacturing, and computer and electronic product manufacturing. Among establishments expecting a recall, most employers expected to recall over one-half of the separated employees and to do so within 6 months. Thirty- five percent of the employers expected to extend the offer to all laid-off workers, the highest proportion for a first quarter since 2001. Excluding layoff events due to seasonal work and vacation period (in which 88 percent of the employers expected a recall), employers expected to recall laid-off workers in 21 percent of the events, slightly lower than a year ear- lier when 23 percent of employers expected a recall. In layoff events due to internal company restructuring, employers anticipated a recall in only 6 percent of the events. - 4 - Table C. Distribution of extended layoff events by size of layoff, private nonfarm sector, January-March 2004p ------------------------------------------------------------------- | Layoff events | Separations Size |------------------------|------------------------ | Number | Percent | Number | Percent -----------------|-----------|------------|----------|------------- Total........| 1,204 | 100.0 | 239,361 | 100.0 | | | | 50-99............| 578 | 48.0 | 40,846 | 17.1 100-149..........| 256 | 21.3 | 30,287 | 12.7 150-199..........| 112 | 9.3 | 19,055 | 8.0 200-299..........| 152 | 12.6 | 35,674 | 14.9 300-499..........| 57 | 4.7 | 20,507 | 8.7 500-999..........| 34 | 2.8 | 22,291 | 9.3 1,000 or more....| 15 | 1.2 | 70,701 | 29.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------- p=preliminary. Size of Extended Layoff Layoff events during the first quarter continued to be concentrated at the lower end of the extended layoff-size spectrum, with 69 percent involving fewer than 150 workers. These events, however, accounted for only 30 percent of all separations. (See table C.) Separations involving 500 or more workers accounted for 39 percent of all separations, up signi- ficantly from 31 percent a year earlier. The average size of layoffs (as measured by separations per layoff event) differed widely by industry, ranging from a low of 60 separations in amusements, gambling, and recrea- tion to a high of 1,832 in food and beverage stores. Initial Claimant Characteristics A total of 165,272 initial claimants for unemployment insurance were associated with extended mass layoffs in the first quarter of 2004. Of these claimants, 14 percent were black, 15 percent were Hispanic, 40 percent were women, and 15 percent were 55 years of age or older. (See table 3.) Thirty-seven percent of claimants were 30 to 44 years of age. Among the civilian labor force for the same period, 11 percent were black, 13 percent were Hispanic, 47 percent were women, and 16 percent were 55 years of age or older. Thirty-six percent of the civilian labor force were ages 30 to 44. Geographic Distribution In the first quarter, the number of separations due to extended mass layoff events was highest in the West (103,337), followed by the Midwest (68,214), the South (38,832), and the Northeast (28,978). (See table 4.) Extended mass layoffs in the West were mainly in food and beverage stores. Three of the four regions reported over-the-year decreases in separations, with the largest decrease occurring in the South (-38,825), followed by the Northeast (-22,919). The West had the only over-the-year increase (+21,566). Seven of the nine geographic divisions reported over- the-year declines in laid-off workers, with the largest declines in the South Atlantic (-22,802), Middle Atlantic (-17,109), and West South Central (-11,611) divisions. The largest increase in separations occurred in the Pacific division (+26,784). - 5 - Table D. Mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector, selected metropolitan areas --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Events | Separations |-------------|------------------ Metropolitan area | I | I | I | I | 2003 | 2004p| 2003 | 2004p ------------------------------------------|------|------|---------|-------- Total, nonmetropolitan areas..............| 194 | 147 | 31,142 | 23,356 | | | | Total, 331 metropolitan areas.............| 834 | 612 | 140,862 | 93,376 | | | | Chicago, Ill. ........................| 61 | 57 | 14,608 | 10,859 Medford-Ashland, Ore. ................| - | 3 | - | 3,360 Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif. .......| 40 | 26 | 12,345 | 3,161 New York, N.Y. .......................| 33 | 19 | 6,057 | 2,592 Detroit, Mich. .......................| 8 | 19 | 1,009 | 2,428 Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, Mich. .| (1) | 11 | (1) | 1,924 Columbus, Ohio........................| (1) | 6 | (1) | 1,923 Las Vegas, Nev.-Ariz. ................| (1) | 4 | (1) | 1,914 Portland-Vancouver, Ore-Wash. ........| 18 | 8 | 2,669 | 1,910 San Jose, Calif. .....................| 25 | 15 | 4,105 | 1,831 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. p=preliminary. Note: Dash represents zero. Among the 50 states and the District of Columbia, the largest number of worker separations occurred in California (86,839), followed by Illinois (24,332). These two states accounted for 28 percent of all layoff events and 46 percent of the separations during the first quarter of 2004. They were followed by Florida (11,719), Ohio (11,192), and Michigan (10,291). (See table 5.) After excluding the substantial impact of seasonal work, California still reported the most laid-off workers (73,827), largely due to layoffs in food and beverage stores, credit intermediation and related activities, and sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores. Over the year, New York reported the greatest decrease in laid-off workers (-14,804), followed by Florida (-14,057) and Texas (-11,495). The largest increase occurred in California (+32,462). Fifty-one percent of events and 39 percent of separations occurred in metropolitan areas in the first quarter of 2004, a decrease from 56 percent of events and 49 percent of separations during the first quarter of 2003. Among the 331 metropolitan areas, Chicago, Ill., reported the highest number of separations, 10,859, mainly in specialty trade contractors. Next were Medford-Ashland, Ore., with 3,360 separations and Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif., with 3,161. (See table D.) Employers located in nonmetropolitan areas separated 23,356 workers in mass layoffs, down from 31,142 workers in the first quarter of 2003. - 6 - Table E. Index of mass layoff activity, private nonfarm sector, first quarter 2003 and first quarter 2004 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | First quarter | First quarter | Over-the-year Region | 2003 | 2004p | changep -------------------|---------------|---------------|------------------ Northeast..........| 92.6 | 62.1 | -30.5 South..............| 78.1 | 46.9 | -31.2 Midwest............| 104.6 | 113.1 | 8.5 West...............| 138.2 | 208.3 | 70.1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- p=preliminary. Relative Impacts of Mass Layoffs The index of mass layoff activity describes a geographic area's share of national mass layoffs relative to its share of national employment in establishments with at least 50 workers. This allows for geographic comparisons that account for differences in each area’s share of employment. (See note and table 6.) A separate index is calculated that excludes the impact of seasonal work and vacation periods from the separations data. (See table 7.) Among the four regions, the West, with an index of 208.3 in the first quarter, recorded the highest concentration of mass layoffs relative to the region's employment followed by the Midwest, 113.1. (See table E.) The Northeast, 62.1, and the South, 46.9, reported indexes well below 100.0, indicating the relative infrequency of layoffs in those regions. Over the year, the indexes for the South and Northeast regions recorded declines of 31.2 and 30.5 points, respectively, while those for the West and Midwest posted increases of 70.1 and 8.5 points, respectively. Among the nine geographic divisions, the Pacific posted the highest index for the first quarter, 280.3, primarily due to layoff activity in food and beverage stores, general merchandise stores, and nonstore retailers. The next highest indexes were reported in the East North Central, 133.9, and Middle Atlantic, 63.6. The East South Central division had the lowest index, 28.5, followed by the Mountain, 38.5, and the West South Central divisions, 39.5. Among the 49 states that reported private nonfarm extended mass layoffs during the first quarter of 2004, 39 states reported indexes below 100.0, indicating a relatively small share of layoffs. (See table 6.) Of the 10 States with indexes above 100.0, California had the highest index of 325.0-- due to the high concentrations of layoff activity in food and beverage stores and in general merchandise stores. Relative concentrations of lay- offs also were high in Oregon (266.4), Illinois (199.6), and Maine (198.8). Maryland, at 2.5, had the lowest relative concentration of mass layoffs followed by Arizona (6.5), New Mexico (8.0), and Alabama (12.8). After the exclusion of layoffs due to seasonal work and vacation, the Pacific division recorded the highest index, 295.4, reflecting a high concentration of layoffs in food and beverage stores. At the state level, California reported the highest index, excluding seasonal and vacation period events, (362.5) for first quarter 2004, followed by Maine (192.4) and Illinois (184.0). The lowest indexes occurred in Arizona (2.9), Maryland (3.2), New Mexico (10.4), and Idaho (11.5). (See table 7.) - 7 - Note The quarterly series on extended mass layoffs cover layoffs of at least 31-days duration that involve 50 or more individuals from a single estab- lishment filing initial claims for unemployment insurance during a con- secutive 5-week period. Approximately 30 days after a mass layoff is triggered at an establishment, the employer is contacted for additional information. Data for the first quarter are preliminary and subject to revision. This release also includes revised data for previous quarters. Data are not seasonally adjusted, but survey data suggest that there is a seasonal pattern to layoffs. Thus, comparisons between consecutive quarters should not be used as an indicator of trend. The index of mass layoff activity is calculated as the area's share, or ratio, of the total number of private nonfarm separations in the U.S. divided by the same area's share of U.S. total private nonfarm employment in establishments that employ at least 50 workers. It facilitates relative area-to-area comparisons by discounting the absolute size of the area. An index at or near 100.0 indicates the area's share of mass layoffs is in line with its share of employment. An index below 100.0 indicates the area has relatively few layoffs, and, conversely, an index over 100.0 indicates an area with a relatively high level of layoffs. For additional information about the program, see the Technical Note. ______________________________ The report on Mass Layoffs in April 2004 is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, May 26, 2004. Technical Note The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a federal-state program which uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying, describing, and tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data from each state's unemployment insurance database. Establishments which have at least 50 initial claims filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period are contacted by the state agency to determine whether these separations are of at least 31 days duration, and, if so, information is obtained on the total number of persons separated and the reasons for these separations. Establishments are identified according to industry classification and location, and unemployment insurance claimants are identified by such demographic factors as age, race, sex, ethnic group, and place of residence. The program yields information on an individual's entire spell of unemployment, to the point when regular unemployment insurance benefits are exhausted. The MLS program was resumed in April 1995; it had been terminated in November 1992 due to lack of funding. However, due to changes in concepts and definitions, data from the resumed program are not comparable to earlier data. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339. Definitions Establishment. A unit at a single physical location at which predominantly one type of economic activity is conducted. Extended layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an establishment during a 5-week period, with at least 50 workers separated for more than 30 days. Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a subsequent period of unemployment within a benefit year or period of eligibility. Layoff. The separation of persons from an employer as part of a mass layoff event. (See below.) Such layoffs involve both persons subject to recall and those who are terminated by the establishment. - 2 - Mass layoff. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an establishment beginning in a given month, regardless of duration. Worksite closure. The full closure of either multi-unit or single- unit establishments or the partial closure of a multi-unit establishment where entire worksites affected by layoffs are closed or planned to be closed. Table 1. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2003 and 2004 Initial claimants for Layoff events Separations unemployment insurance Industry I IV I I IV I I IV I 2003r 2003r 2004p 2003 2003 2004p 2003r 2003r 2004p Total, private nonfarm (1) ................. 1,502 1,690 1,204 286,947 325,093 239,361 297,607 325,765 165,272 Mining ....................................... 17 20 14 2,255 2,479 1,421 2,716 2,893 1,638 Utilities .................................... 7 5 5 958 859 557 797 861 462 Construction ................................. 221 473 229 28,313 69,121 24,549 32,891 74,899 24,636 Manufacturing ................................ 567 532 386 93,440 100,035 57,616 104,010 107,009 48,419 Food .................................... 74 121 70 12,635 28,313 11,005 13,396 22,678 9,129 Beverage and tobacco products ........... 9 16 10 1,318 2,332 1,694 1,517 2,227 1,400 Textile mills ........................... 11 18 14 1,916 3,230 2,022 1,990 3,291 1,914 Textile product mills ................... ( 2 ) 8 7 ( 2 ) 931 1,045 ( 2 ) 1,135 740 Apparel ................................. 22 27 16 4,532 4,426 2,251 4,643 3,641 1,774 Leather and allied products ............. - 3 4 - 423 653 - 306 573 Wood products ........................... 31 23 14 3,793 2,906 1,661 3,674 3,887 1,669 Paper ................................... 13 10 11 2,505 1,039 1,599 2,688 1,026 1,370 Printing and related support activities . 13 9 13 1,307 1,473 1,732 1,400 1,991 1,062 Petroleum and coal products ............. ( 2 ) 14 5 ( 2 ) 2,280 392 ( 2 ) 2,299 433 Chemicals .............................. 11 12 14 1,923 1,762 2,055 1,606 1,578 1,479 Plastics and rubber products ............ 16 23 18 1,941 2,746 2,452 1,783 3,168 1,631 Nonmetallic mineral products ............ 31 52 21 4,883 7,722 2,686 4,901 9,102 2,211 Primary metals .......................... 32 24 13 5,544 4,578 2,215 5,139 6,120 1,922 Fabricated metal products ............... 32 31 20 3,588 3,794 2,158 4,041 3,912 1,956 Machinery ............................... 42 23 20 6,677 4,544 2,135 8,234 5,627 1,826 Computer and electronic products ........ 94 32 32 17,380 5,922 3,912 19,312 5,379 3,581 Electrical equipment and appliances ..... 28 12 13 4,205 3,067 2,312 4,319 2,745 1,719 Transportation equipment ................ 57 48 39 12,471 14,034 8,874 13,666 22,751 7,575 Furniture and related products .......... 20 13 19 2,196 2,201 2,965 7,489 1,928 3,031 Miscellaneous manufacturing ............. 23 13 13 3,042 2,312 1,798 2,573 2,218 1,424 Wholesale trade .............................. 36 41 28 6,393 9,731 3,579 5,742 6,551 2,567 Retail trade ................................. 142 85 132 48,044 32,044 86,884 44,622 33,896 31,324 Transportation and warehousing ............... 70 45 34 21,416 9,546 6,189 21,707 9,608 5,171 Information .................................. 81 50 44 16,767 14,588 7,837 16,063 15,937 6,541 Finance and insurance ........................ 54 47 46 12,159 7,319 7,207 11,537 8,388 6,608 Real estate and rental and leasing ........... 5 5 ( 2 ) 547 903 ( 2 ) 479 422 ( 2 ) Professional and technical services .......... 40 42 31 6,889 8,369 3,363 5,979 7,225 3,533 Management of companies and enterprises ...... ( 2 ) 6 5 ( 2 ) 1,384 492 ( 2 ) 1,309 414 Administrative and waste services ............ 173 192 131 36,901 37,051 21,067 38,552 34,487 19,320 Educational services ......................... ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) Health care and social assistance ............ 18 33 29 1,802 4,039 4,175 2,062 4,049 3,285 Arts, entertainment, and recreation .......... 17 35 14 4,003 11,377 1,238 2,582 4,793 1,106 Accommodation and food services .............. 38 62 53 5,300 13,441 9,110 6,277 11,101 8,023 Other services, except public administration . 11 16 15 1,174 2,562 2,955 994 2,260 1,256 Unclassified ................................. 1 1 2 55 245 229 86 77 281 1 For the first quarter of 2004, data on layoffs were reported by employers in all states and the District of Columbia. Beginning with data for the first quarter of 2004, the scope of extended mass layoffs and plant closings has been redefined to cover only the private nonfarm economy due to budget constraints. Quarterly information on layoff events in agriculture and government are no longer collected. However, the monthly reporting of Mass Layoffs, which is based only on administrative data, will be unaffected and will continue to cover the total economy. 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. p = preliminary. r = revised. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 2. Reason for layoff: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2003 and 2004 Initial claimants for Layoff events Separations unemployment insurance Reason for layoff I IV I I IV I I IV I 2003r 2003r 2004p 2003 2003 2004p 2003r 2003r 2004p Total, private nonfarm (1) .... 1,502 1,690 1,204 286,947 325,093 239,361 297,607 325,765 165,272 Automation ....................... ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) Bankruptcy ....................... 44 26 28 23,257 4,347 8,422 19,117 2,856 5,294 Business ownership change ........ 33 25 31 9,980 6,346 4,217 6,003 3,325 2,968 Contract cancellation ............ 33 23 29 6,086 4,211 4,238 4,554 2,169 2,752 Contract completed ............... 227 207 170 37,736 38,782 51,795 49,372 44,500 25,025 Domestic relocation .............. 26 18 ( 3 ) 3,923 3,003 ( 3 ) 3,170 4,640 ( 3 ) Environment-related .............. - ( 2 ) - - ( 2 ) - - ( 2 ) - Financial difficulty ............. 104 56 84 21,756 12,768 15,755 24,371 9,792 11,959 Import competition ............... 22 28 14 6,083 4,910 1,182 4,625 5,507 1,468 Labor dispute .................... ( 2 ) 7 4 ( 2 ) 10,568 21,293 ( 2 ) 8,524 637 Material shortage ................ ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) Model changeover ................. 4 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 2,891 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 2,332 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) Natural disaster ................. - 3 - - 741 - - 603 - Overseas relocation .............. 21 9 ( 3 ) 4,389 901 ( 3 ) 3,219 956 ( 3 ) Plant or machine repair .......... 6 6 ( 2 ) 725 815 ( 2 ) 864 689 ( 2 ) Product line discontinued ........ 14 5 8 2,894 507 1,675 3,535 600 705 Reorganization within company .... 185 161 162 39,714 34,662 26,982 38,926 37,851 23,601 Seasonal work .................... 279 726 332 47,686 138,510 56,478 44,350 122,986 46,600 Slack work ....................... 282 190 146 39,000 25,900 16,999 50,468 40,638 18,587 Vacation period .................. 4 7 3 385 1,293 427 505 1,576 512 Weather-related .................. 15 28 15 1,447 3,508 1,382 1,750 4,311 1,465 Other ............................ 40 35 56 6,876 4,755 11,004 9,244 6,488 6,567 Not reported ..................... 156 124 115 30,267 27,943 15,656 29,404 27,248 15,542 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. 3 Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer used. p = preliminary. r = revised. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 3. State and selected claimant characteristics: Extended mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, fourth quarter, 2003 and first quarter, 2004 Total Percent of total initial Hispanic Persons age 55 Layoff events claimants Black origin Women and over State IV I IV I IV I IV I IV I IV I 2003r 2004p 2003r 2004p 2003r 2004p 2003r 2004p 2003r 2004p 2003r 2004p Total, private nonfarm (1) ... 1,690 1,204 325,765 165,272 11.2 14.0 15.7 15.4 34.7 40.2 15.1 15.2 Alabama ........................ 4 ( 2 ) 498 ( 2 ) 38.8 58.6 1.6 10.4 35.1 50.1 26.7 8.4 Alaska ......................... 10 5 1,419 426 3.5 2.6 22.5 10.8 27.2 27.9 12.8 10.8 Arizona ........................ 9 ( 2 ) 1,278 ( 2 ) 6.1 9.1 29.0 26.2 42.9 47.4 13.1 9.8 Arkansas ....................... ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 41.7 39.9 6.1 1.1 34.8 79.5 7.2 15.1 California ..................... 251 224 53,969 31,953 8.7 9.9 36.5 31.2 50.2 47.9 11.9 11.5 Colorado ....................... 21 9 3,092 1,013 3.9 4.5 32.9 35.0 25.4 25.0 15.7 15.6 Connecticut .................... 16 13 2,098 1,426 11.1 19.4 5.3 18.3 25.6 52.5 16.4 18.9 Delaware ....................... - ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) - 4.3 - 1.0 - 13.8 - 10.8 District of Columbia ........... 4 - 486 - 21.0 - 20.4 - 40.5 - 14.4 - Florida ........................ 107 89 17,862 10,065 17.0 15.2 27.6 34.7 45.8 47.1 16.2 18.2 Georgia ........................ 21 27 3,909 5,022 54.6 45.2 1.5 2.8 49.9 37.2 12.8 21.8 Hawaii ......................... 6 5 670 571 1.0 1.4 28.5 27.0 36.0 10.7 11.5 10.9 Idaho .......................... 11 5 3,093 445 .3 1.1 26.5 4.3 47.8 18.7 20.1 15.5 Illinois ....................... 184 118 33,035 15,718 14.6 20.0 16.9 16.4 27.5 39.9 12.4 14.3 Indiana ........................ 49 28 13,170 3,798 11.6 7.5 3.0 3.4 23.1 34.7 13.5 14.6 Iowa ........................... 28 12 4,019 1,184 1.4 2.0 3.9 3.4 17.2 40.8 15.3 15.9 Kansas ......................... 10 9 2,119 731 6.9 12.7 7.5 4.9 22.2 48.2 14.5 17.0 Kentucky ....................... 9 13 1,024 1,595 6.3 23.6 .3 .1 57.0 52.7 11.7 12.2 Louisiana ...................... 15 8 1,502 684 55.0 44.4 2.1 4.1 34.8 24.1 15.9 13.0 Maine .......................... 12 11 2,108 1,582 2.1 .6 .9 .1 35.3 26.2 16.1 19.4 Maryland ....................... ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 50.0 8.1 1.7 - 8.3 49.6 50.0 14.1 Massachusetts .................. 19 23 4,168 2,652 5.8 7.8 2.2 3.0 33.9 43.9 18.9 14.1 Michigan ....................... 97 78 26,993 13,039 14.3 11.8 6.1 3.8 31.9 40.4 15.4 14.3 Minnesota ...................... 89 23 11,508 2,533 1.6 4.1 10.2 3.8 15.3 39.2 14.7 14.7 Mississippi .................... 4 3 266 244 76.7 87.3 .4 .4 45.1 48.4 21.4 16.8 Missouri ....................... 25 16 4,084 1,382 6.2 9.3 .5 1.0 36.6 24.4 24.2 13.9 Montana ........................ 7 4 1,163 339 .3 - 2.8 1.2 12.1 9.1 14.9 18.0 Nebraska ....................... 8 6 1,187 449 1.3 19.4 11.1 7.3 15.2 27.4 18.0 14.3 Nevada ......................... 4 6 900 2,053 7.1 11.3 20.6 17.0 26.3 40.8 23.2 28.9 New Hampshire .................. 5 - 513 - .6 - 1.0 - 23.2 - 22.8 - New Jersey ..................... 62 43 12,066 6,070 15.1 24.3 13.3 11.2 41.1 43.8 23.5 25.1 New Mexico ..................... 3 ( 2 ) 172 ( 2 ) .6 1.1 83.1 25.8 50.0 13.5 7.6 5.6 New York ....................... 93 56 16,422 8,350 7.3 9.5 6.4 5.9 30.1 31.5 16.3 14.1 North Carolina ................. 34 16 4,910 1,922 53.9 47.1 5.6 4.4 56.5 48.4 17.4 23.8 North Dakota ................... 6 3 1,100 360 1.0 .3 3.6 .3 12.9 11.7 16.0 20.8 Ohio ........................... 114 80 20,962 9,124 9.3 13.3 1.7 1.7 22.8 28.6 12.7 13.2 Oklahoma ....................... 5 9 602 1,118 9.1 4.7 4.2 9.8 37.2 33.7 28.7 19.3 Oregon ......................... 26 23 5,392 3,822 1.1 1.9 24.9 19.3 42.0 54.4 16.2 17.5 Pennsylvania ................... 80 60 18,225 9,726 7.3 8.1 1.9 1.6 37.1 34.2 21.1 18.2 Rhode Island ................... 8 6 846 458 2.8 1.7 22.5 13.3 34.3 54.1 21.9 31.7 South Carolina ................. 4 7 564 822 36.9 61.9 - 1.5 56.4 61.3 .5 1.7 South Dakota ................... - ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) - 1.2 - 2.3 - 28.7 - 11.7 Tennessee ...................... 5 11 513 1,229 17.2 18.1 - - 49.1 51.9 34.9 20.7 Texas .......................... 37 44 9,083 8,665 16.8 16.7 40.7 41.1 26.4 36.5 11.2 11.6 Utah ........................... 4 5 630 589 .8 .8 9.4 10.4 16.7 34.1 11.1 11.7 Vermont ........................ ( 2 ) 3 ( 2 ) 167 1.0 - - 1.2 9.7 25.7 12.6 12.6 Virginia ....................... 25 11 5,141 1,701 27.0 45.0 2.2 1.7 44.9 55.4 16.2 22.5 Washington ..................... 45 23 9,150 3,050 3.3 3.9 23.1 16.0 36.6 40.8 16.7 15.6 West Virginia .................. 6 3 1,206 405 1.4 - - - 23.8 44.9 13.9 11.9 Wisconsin ...................... 103 55 21,998 6,250 3.5 4.7 10.9 5.6 27.2 28.0 15.4 13.8 Wyoming ........................ ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 1.4 2.9 - 4.9 39.4 74.5 39.4 15.7 Puerto Rico .................... 6 8 1,361 1,080 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 44.4 64.2 6.4 13.7 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. 3 Data are not available. p = preliminary. r = revised. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 4. Census region and division: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2003 and 2004 Initial claimants for Layoff events Separations unemployment insurance Census region and division I IV I I IV I I IV I 2003r 2003r 2004p 2003 2003 2004p 2003r 2003r 2004p United States (1) ..... 1,502 1,690 1,204 286,947 325,093 239,361 297,607 325,765 165,272 Northeast ..................... 301 296 215 51,897 49,114 28,978 56,458 56,549 30,431 New England ............... 63 61 56 13,165 10,188 7,355 9,949 9,836 6,285 Middle Atlantic ........... 238 235 159 38,732 38,926 21,623 46,509 46,713 24,146 South ......................... 394 283 246 77,657 50,571 38,832 83,813 47,971 35,222 South Atlantic ............ 233 202 155 48,069 39,473 25,267 41,431 34,138 21,006 East South Central ........ 44 22 28 8,301 3,032 3,889 6,362 2,301 3,471 West South Central ........ 117 59 63 21,287 8,066 9,676 36,020 11,532 10,745 Midwest ....................... 423 713 430 75,622 130,985 68,214 84,384 140,175 54,739 East North Central ........ 329 547 359 56,970 103,942 57,697 68,332 116,158 47,929 West North Central ........ 94 166 71 18,652 27,043 10,517 16,052 24,017 6,810 West .......................... 384 398 313 81,771 94,423 103,337 72,952 81,070 44,880 Mountain .................. 49 60 33 10,912 12,697 5,694 8,758 10,470 5,058 Pacific ................... 335 338 280 70,859 81,726 97,643 64,194 70,600 39,822 1 See footnote 1, table 1. p = preliminary. r = revised. NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas: East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. Table 5. State distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, selected quarters, 2003 and 2004 Initial claimants for Layoff events Separations unemployment insurance State I IV I I IV I I IV I 2003r 2003r 2004p 2003 2003 2004p 2003r 2003r 2004p Total, private nonfarm (1) ... 1,502 1,690 1,204 286,947 325,093 239,361 297,607 325,765 165,272 Alabama ........................ 3 4 ( 2 ) 989 513 ( 2 ) 981 498 ( 2 ) Alaska ......................... 7 10 5 870 1,419 426 870 1,419 426 Arizona ........................ 15 9 ( 2 ) 2,214 1,232 ( 2 ) 2,528 1,278 ( 2 ) Arkansas ....................... 4 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 413 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 315 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) California ..................... 247 251 224 54,377 64,354 86,839 49,082 53,969 31,953 Colorado ....................... 18 21 9 5,749 4,526 894 3,364 3,092 1,013 Connecticut .................... 6 16 13 1,812 2,938 2,312 1,455 2,098 1,426 Delaware ....................... ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) District of Columbia ........... ( 2 ) 4 - ( 2 ) 486 - ( 2 ) 486 - Florida ........................ 131 107 89 25,776 21,341 11,719 22,656 17,862 10,065 Georgia ........................ 24 21 27 3,304 4,193 6,980 4,087 3,909 5,022 Hawaii ......................... 5 6 5 994 776 616 663 670 571 Idaho .......................... 8 11 5 1,798 2,104 672 1,868 3,093 445 Illinois ....................... 130 184 118 28,720 38,846 24,332 24,997 33,035 15,718 Indiana ........................ 42 49 28 5,785 6,187 5,160 7,716 13,170 3,798 Iowa ........................... 17 28 12 2,574 4,120 2,142 2,603 4,019 1,184 Kansas ......................... 12 10 9 3,836 2,231 1,688 3,326 2,119 731 Kentucky ....................... 19 9 13 3,282 1,554 1,893 2,642 1,024 1,595 Louisiana ...................... 16 15 8 1,744 1,966 1,233 1,251 1,502 684 Maine .......................... 11 12 11 2,593 2,263 1,849 1,809 2,108 1,582 Maryland ....................... 5 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 332 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 308 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) Massachusetts .................. 42 19 23 8,306 3,634 2,552 6,216 4,168 2,652 Michigan ....................... 33 97 78 4,019 19,639 10,291 11,621 26,993 13,039 Minnesota ...................... 32 89 23 5,397 12,600 3,339 4,674 11,508 2,533 Mississippi .................... 7 4 3 1,285 374 369 831 266 244 Missouri ....................... 24 25 16 5,592 5,658 2,030 4,575 4,084 1,382 Montana ........................ 3 7 4 500 1,615 335 421 1,163 339 Nebraska ....................... 4 8 6 769 1,315 833 411 1,187 449 Nevada ......................... ( 2 ) 4 6 ( 2 ) 1,058 2,264 ( 2 ) 900 2,053 New Hampshire .................. 3 5 - 380 513 - 395 513 - New Jersey ..................... 45 62 43 5,531 11,677 6,513 6,181 12,066 6,070 New Mexico ..................... ( 2 ) 3 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 172 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 172 ( 2 ) New York ....................... 113 93 56 22,953 17,522 8,149 19,660 16,422 8,350 North Carolina ................. 34 34 16 10,874 5,735 2,457 8,384 4,910 1,922 North Dakota ................... 3 6 3 351 1,119 350 316 1,100 360 Ohio ........................... 60 114 80 6,141 18,094 11,192 10,045 20,962 9,124 Oklahoma ....................... 8 5 9 1,094 435 1,072 1,187 602 1,118 Oregon ......................... 32 26 23 5,039 4,027 6,625 5,487 5,392 3,822 Pennsylvania ................... 80 80 60 10,248 9,727 6,961 20,668 18,225 9,726 Rhode Island ................... ( 2 ) 8 6 ( 2 ) 737 452 ( 2 ) 846 458 South Carolina ................. 11 4 7 1,360 512 799 951 564 822 South Dakota ................... ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) Tennessee ...................... 15 5 11 2,745 591 1,224 1,908 513 1,229 Texas .......................... 89 37 44 18,036 5,040 6,541 33,267 9,083 8,665 Utah ........................... ( 2 ) 4 5 ( 2 ) 1,190 900 ( 2 ) 630 589 Vermont ........................ - ( 2 ) 3 - ( 2 ) 190 - ( 2 ) 167 Virginia ....................... 20 25 11 5,202 5,945 1,631 4,132 5,141 1,701 Washington ..................... 44 45 23 9,579 11,150 3,137 8,092 9,150 3,050 West Virginia .................. 6 6 3 1,050 1,137 639 742 1,206 405 Wisconsin ...................... 64 103 55 12,305 21,176 6,722 13,953 21,998 6,250 Wyoming ........................ ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) Puerto Rico .................... 12 6 8 2,091 516 1,239 1,932 1,361 1,080 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. p = preliminary. r = revised. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 6. State distribution: Index of mass-layoff separations, private nonfarm sector, first quarter 2003 and 2004 Share of Share of Index of mass-layoff separations(1) establishment employment(2) separations(3) State I I IV IV I I 2003 2004p 2001 2002 2003 2004p Total, private nonfarm (4) ... 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 100.0 100.0 Alabama ........................ .34466 .16836 1.31841 1.31701 26.1 12.8 Alaska ......................... .30319 .17797 .15920 .15909 190.4 111.9 Arizona ........................ .77157 .12533 1.89576 1.92258 40.7 6.5 Arkansas ....................... .14393 .34676 .80917 .81912 17.8 42.3 California ..................... 18.95019 36.27951 11.08415 11.16122 171.0 325.0 Colorado ....................... 2.00351 .37349 1.51744 1.48043 132.0 25.2 Connecticut .................... .63148 .96591 1.30845 1.30016 48.3 74.3 Delaware ....................... .03171 .39021 .35404 .35100 9.0 111.2 District of Columbia ........... .02788 - .44279 .46122 6.3 - Florida ........................ 8.98284 4.89595 5.83354 5.87120 154.0 83.4 Georgia ........................ 1.15143 2.91610 3.03225 3.00849 38.0 96.9 Hawaii ......................... .34641 .25735 .36879 .38753 93.9 66.4 Idaho .......................... .62660 .28075 .32591 .33235 192.3 84.5 Illinois ....................... 10.00882 10.16540 5.12927 5.09340 195.1 199.6 Indiana ........................ 2.01605 2.15574 2.37958 2.40849 84.7 89.5 Iowa ........................... .89703 .89488 1.01966 1.02813 88.0 87.0 Kansas ......................... 1.33683 .70521 .96610 .95059 138.4 74.2 Kentucky ....................... 1.14377 .79086 1.30421 1.30519 87.7 60.6 Louisiana ...................... .60778 .51512 1.26456 1.25564 48.1 41.0 Maine .......................... .90365 .77247 .39122 .38848 231.0 198.8 Maryland ....................... .11570 .04512 1.83639 1.83694 6.3 2.5 Massachusetts .................. 2.89461 1.06617 2.68328 2.64934 107.9 40.2 Michigan ....................... 1.40061 4.29936 3.77703 3.78138 37.1 113.7 Minnesota ...................... 1.88084 1.39496 2.10591 2.11175 89.3 66.1 Mississippi .................... .44782 .15416 .78610 .78186 57.0 19.7 Missouri ....................... 1.94879 .84809 2.01919 2.03513 96.5 41.7 Montana ........................ .17425 .13996 .19033 .19145 91.5 73.1 Nebraska ....................... .26799 .34801 .65628 .64685 40.8 53.8 Nevada ......................... .13382 .94585 .91549 .94444 14.6 100.1 New Hampshire .................. .13243 - .41105 .41161 32.2 - New Jersey ..................... 1.92753 2.72099 3.07105 3.07490 62.8 88.5 New Mexico ..................... .01986 .03718 .45824 .46748 4.3 8.0 New York ....................... 7.99904 3.40448 6.51802 6.51292 122.7 52.3 North Carolina ................. 3.78955 1.02648 2.84705 2.82846 133.1 36.3 North Dakota ................... .12232 .14622 .19064 .19327 64.2 75.7 Ohio ........................... 2.14012 4.67578 4.50435 4.48633 47.5 104.2 Oklahoma ....................... .38126 .44786 1.02064 .99450 37.4 45.0 Oregon ......................... 1.75607 2.76779 1.03989 1.03894 168.9 266.4 Pennsylvania ................... 3.57139 2.90816 4.62477 4.62711 77.2 62.9 Rhode Island ................... .02579 .18884 .35017 .34991 7.4 54.0 South Carolina ................. .47396 .33381 1.32626 1.32376 35.7 25.2 South Dakota ................... .04635 .05640 .22062 .22232 21.0 25.4 Tennessee ...................... .95662 .51136 2.27960 2.30159 42.0 22.2 Texas .......................... 6.28548 2.73269 7.21269 7.16884 87.1 38.1 Utah ........................... .03241 .37600 .72829 .72948 4.5 51.5 Vermont ........................ - .07938 .17702 .17531 - 45.3 Virginia ....................... 1.81288 .68140 2.55478 2.54284 71.0 26.8 Washington ..................... 3.33825 1.31057 1.82537 1.80444 182.9 72.6 West Virginia .................. .36592 .26696 .43277 .42626 84.6 62.6 Wisconsin ...................... 4.28825 2.80831 2.22624 2.23393 192.6 125.7 Wyoming ........................ .04077 .10027 .10600 .10529 38.5 95.2 1 The share of separations is the proportion of each State's private nonfarm separations to the total number of private nonfarm separations in the U.S. for the period. 2 The share of establishment employment is the proportion of each State's private nonfarm covered employment in establishments of 50 workers or more to the comparable U.S. total. Covered employment refers to workers who are covered by State unemployment insurance laws. 3 The index is the ratio of the share of separations to the share of establishment employment, multiplied by 100. 4 See footnote 1, table 1. p = preliminary. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 7. State distribution: Index of mass-layoff separations (excluding seasonal work and vacation periods), private nonfarm sector, first quarter 2003 and 2004 Share of Share of Index of mass-layoff separations(1) establishment employment(2) separations(3) State I I IV IV I I 2003 2004p 2001 2002 2003 2004p Total, private nonfarm (4) ... 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 100.0 100.0 Alabama ........................ .41402 - 1.31841 1.31701 31.4 - Alaska ......................... .12768 .04713 .15920 .15909 80.2 29.6 Arizona ........................ .69660 .05481 1.89576 1.92258 36.7 2.9 Arkansas ....................... .17289 .45490 .80917 .81912 21.4 55.5 California ..................... 20.86020 40.46291 11.08415 11.16122 188.2 362.5 Colorado ....................... 1.77247 .18635 1.51744 1.48043 116.8 12.6 Connecticut .................... .67483 1.19042 1.30845 1.30016 51.6 91.6 Delaware ....................... .03810 .51190 .35404 .35100 10.8 145.8 District of Columbia ........... - - .44279 .46122 - - Florida ........................ 10.34763 6.16039 5.83354 5.87120 177.4 104.9 Georgia ........................ 1.38314 3.72967 3.03225 3.00849 45.6 124.0 Hawaii ......................... .41612 .33762 .36879 .38753 112.8 87.1 Idaho .......................... .55301 .03837 .32591 .33235 169.7 11.5 Illinois ....................... 8.77150 9.36938 5.12927 5.09340 171.0 184.0 Indiana ........................ 1.97383 2.36989 2.37958 2.40849 82.9 98.4 Iowa ........................... .87828 .85445 1.01966 1.02813 86.1 83.1 Kansas ......................... 1.60585 .62371 .96610 .95059 166.2 65.6 Kentucky ....................... 1.15709 .82814 1.30421 1.30519 88.7 63.5 Louisiana ...................... .60827 .44559 1.26456 1.25564 48.1 35.5 Maine .......................... .77948 .74758 .39122 .38848 199.2 192.4 Maryland ....................... .13898 .05919 1.83639 1.83694 7.6 3.2 Massachusetts .................. 2.90862 .98106 2.68328 2.64934 108.4 37.0 Michigan ....................... 1.37142 4.28268 3.77703 3.78138 36.3 113.3 Minnesota ...................... .97415 .70373 2.10591 2.11175 46.3 33.3 Mississippi .................... .53794 .20224 .78610 .78186 68.4 25.9 Missouri ....................... 1.76703 .41161 2.01919 2.03513 87.5 20.2 Montana ........................ .15908 - .19033 .19145 83.6 - Nebraska ....................... .29346 .30692 .65628 .64685 44.7 47.4 Nevada ......................... .16075 1.12740 .91549 .94444 17.6 119.4 New Hampshire .................. .13605 - .41105 .41161 33.1 - New Jersey ..................... 2.02867 2.96455 3.07105 3.07490 66.1 96.4 New Mexico ..................... .02386 .04878 .45824 .46748 5.2 10.4 New York ....................... 7.56501 2.52390 6.51802 6.51292 116.1 38.8 North Carolina ................. 4.18669 .84897 2.84705 2.82846 147.1 30.0 North Dakota ................... .14694 .07235 .19064 .19327 77.1 37.4 Ohio ........................... 2.04332 3.07088 4.50435 4.48633 45.4 68.4 Oklahoma ....................... .45798 .58754 1.02064 .99450 44.9 59.1 Oregon ......................... 1.76828 .81115 1.03989 1.03894 170.0 78.1 Pennsylvania ................... 3.56042 3.42439 4.62477 4.62711 77.0 74.0 Rhode Island ................... .03098 .21265 .35017 .34991 8.8 60.8 South Carolina ................. .54798 .43791 1.32626 1.32376 41.3 33.1 South Dakota ................... .02847 .02740 .22062 .22232 12.9 12.3 Tennessee ...................... 1.12820 .67085 2.27960 2.30159 49.5 29.1 Texas .......................... 7.55036 3.58497 7.21269 7.16884 104.7 50.0 Utah ........................... .03893 .10962 .72829 .72948 5.3 15.0 Vermont ........................ - .07509 .17702 .17531 - 42.8 Virginia ....................... .91805 .33104 2.55478 2.54284 35.9 13.0 Washington ..................... 3.05598 1.32744 1.82537 1.80444 167.4 73.6 West Virginia .................. .40900 .30254 .43277 .42626 94.5 71.0 Wisconsin ...................... 2.78345 1.94841 2.22624 2.23393 125.0 87.2 Wyoming ........................ .04898 .13154 .10600 .10529 46.2 124.9 1 The share of separations is the proportion of each State's private nonfarm separations to the total number of private nonfarm separations in the U.S. for the period. Seasonal work and vacation periods as reasons for layoff are excluded from these calculations. 2 The share of establishment employment is the proportion of each State's private nonfarm covered employment in establishments of 50 workers or more to the comparable U.S. total. Covered employment refers to workers who are covered by State unemployment insurance laws. 3 The index is the ratio of the share of separations (excluding seasonal work and vacation periods) to the share of establishment employment, multiplied by 100. 4 See footnote 1, table 1. p = preliminary. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 8. Information technology-producing industries: Extended mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector, 1996-2004 Information technology-producing industries(1) Total extended Year mass layoffs Computer Software and Communications Communications hardware(2) computer services(3) equipment(4) services(5) Layoff Layoff Layoff Layoff Layoff events Separations events Separations events Separations events Separations events Separations 1996 First quarter .... 1,263 246,820 27 6,377 11 9,008 6 900 15 3,541 Second quarter ... 1,130 209,688 23 4,475 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 10 1,359 4 615 Third quarter .... 847 181,569 28 3,818 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 8 1,710 5 1,290 Fourth quarter ... 1,520 310,045 22 3,214 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 8 1,354 9 1,166 Total ........ 4,760 948,122 100 17,884 20 10,724 32 5,323 33 6,612 1997 First quarter .... 1,141 226,735 15 2,644 7 899 7 504 9 1,602 Second quarter ... 1,303 280,255 16 2,532 8 863 4 553 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) Third quarter .... 851 172,392 15 3,091 6 682 6 983 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) Fourth quarter ... 1,376 268,461 18 3,667 4 762 6 475 4 819 Total ........ 4,671 947,843 64 11,934 25 3,206 23 2,515 18 3,237 1998 First quarter .... 1,115 178,251 29 5,212 8 1,550 7 725 9 1,685 Second quarter ... 1,333 336,536 37 8,455 5 357 7 1,317 5 650 Third quarter .... 1,028 201,186 63 11,066 5 1,175 12 3,031 5 1,051 Fourth quarter ... 1,383 275,272 37 11,336 5 974 7 1,898 6 764 Total ........ 4,859 991,245 166 36,069 23 4,056 33 6,971 25 4,150 1999 First quarter .... 1,262 230,711 35 4,363 10 1,796 10 1,600 6 1,002 Second quarter ... 1,194 246,251 28 3,891 7 1,731 8 1,097 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) Third quarter .... 898 184,429 22 11,546 7 1,141 5 840 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) Fourth quarter ... 1,202 240,060 18 2,757 5 526 4 807 6 1,430 Total ........ 4,556 901,451 103 22,557 29 5,194 27 4,344 18 3,930 2000 First quarter .... 1,081 202,500 22 5,195 14 2,717 9 1,402 4 771 Second quarter ... 1,055 205,861 18 8,862 22 9,114 7 805 7 977 Third quarter .... 817 174,628 10 1,678 12 1,422 4 1,465 6 1,280 Fourth quarter ... 1,638 332,973 16 3,070 22 3,521 5 946 7 1,020 Total ........ 4,591 915,962 66 18,805 70 16,774 25 4,618 24 4,048 2001 First quarter .... 1,546 304,171 91 20,991 44 7,963 22 4,441 24 5,312 Second quarter ... 1,828 430,499 161 38,986 87 12,943 36 12,109 28 6,386 Third quarter .... 1,629 330,391 142 24,813 55 6,820 39 8,200 36 7,134 Fourth quarter ... 2,372 459,771 109 17,797 56 8,290 43 10,124 48 11,252 Total ........ 7,375 1,524,832 503 102,587 242 36,016 140 34,874 136 30,084 2002 First quarter .... 1,611 299,266 84 18,574 39 4,442 32 8,192 42 6,664 Second quarter ... 1,624 344,606 69 11,764 49 5,454 27 4,870 53 8,538 Third quarter .... 1,186 255,152 76 15,017 42 5,415 34 6,529 42 7,945 Fourth quarter ... 1,916 373,307 74 14,298 32 7,071 19 3,645 39 8,987 Total ........ 6,337 1,272,331 303 59,653 162 22,382 112 23,236 176 32,134 2003 First quarter ....(r)1,502 286,947 71 11,900 33 5,689 23 4,402 41 6,591 Second quarter ...(r)1,799 368,273 54 9,221 27 4,124 21 3,098 29 5,891 Third quarter ....(r)1,190 236,121 46 6,488 26 4,433 9 1,289 15 2,393 Fourth quarter ...(r)1,690 325,093 25 5,080 14 1,984 9 1,619 28 6,635 Total ........ 6,181 1,216,434 196 32,689 100 16,230 62 10,408 113 21,510 2004 First quarter(p) . 1,204 239,361 28 3,176 15 2,784 7 780 22 3,816 1 Information technology-producing industries are defined in Digital Economy 2003, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. 2 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are: semiconductor machinery manufacturing; office machinery manufacturing; electronic computer manufacturing; computer storage device manufacturing; computer terminal manufacturing; other computer peripheral equipment mfg.; electron tube manufacturing; bare printed circuit board manufacturing; semiconductors and related device mfg.; electronic capacitor manufacturing; electronic resistor manufacturing; electronic coils, transformers, and inductors; electronic connector manufacturing; printed circuit assembly manufacturing; other electronic component manufacturing; industrial process variable instruments; electricity and signal testing instruments; analytical laboratory instrument mfg.; computer and software merchant wholesalers; and computer and software stores. 3 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are: software publishers; internet service providers; web search portals; data processing and related services; computer and software merchant wholesalers; computer and software stores; custom computer programming services; computer systems design services; computer facilities management services; other computer related services; office equipment rental and leasing; and computer and office machine repair. 4 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are: telephone apparatus manufacturing; audio and video equipment manufacturing; broadcast and wireless communications equip.; fiber optic cable manufacturing; software reproducing; and magnetic and optical recording media mfg. 5 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are: wired telecommunications carriers; cellular and other wireless carriers; telecommunications resellers; cable and other program distribution; satellite telecommunications; other telecommunications; and communication equipment repair. 6 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. p = preliminary. r = revised.