TEXT Table 1. Nonfatal occupational injury and illness incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry Table 2. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses, by industry division, 1994 Table 3. Nonfatal occupational injury incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry division and Table 4. Occupational injury and illness incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) 1973-94 (2) Table 5. Nonfatal occupational injury and illness incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry division, 1992-94 Table 6. Nonfatal occupational injury incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry, 1994 Table 6. Nonfatal occupational injury incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry, 1994--Continued Table 7. Nonfatal occupational injuries: number of cases and incidence rates, per 100 full-time workers,1 USDL-95-508 Technical information: E. Jackson (202) 606-6180 Media contact: K. Hoyle (202) 606-5902 FOR RELEASE: 10 A.M. EST Friday, December 15, 1995 WORKPLACE INJURIES AND ILLNESSES IN 1994 A total of 6.8 million injuries and illnesses was reported in private industry workplaces during 1994, resulting in a rate of 8.4 cases for every 100 equivalent full-time workers. The rate varied widely by industry, ranging from slightly more than 12 injuries and illnesses for every 100 full-time manufacturing workers to nearly 3 per 100 full- time workers in finance, insurance, and real estate, according to the latest annual survey of job-related injuries and illnesses by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. The 1994 findings announced today are the second in a continuing series of three annual releases from the BLS safety and health statistical series. In August 1995, the first release covered work-related fatalities from the 1994 National Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. In spring 1996, a third release will contain information on the characteristics of workers sustaining serious nonfatal injuries and illnesses in 1994, for example, their occupation, the nature of their injury or illness, and how it happened. The annual survey provides estimates of the number and frequency (incidence rates) of workplace injuries and illnesses based on logs kept by private industry employers during the year. These records reflect not only the year's injury and illness experience, but also the employer's understanding of which cases are work related under current recordkeeping guidelines of the U.S. Department of Labor. The number of injuries and illnesses reported in any given year also can be influenced by changes in the level of economic activity, working conditions and work practices, worker experience and training, and the number of hours worked. After decreasing from 8.9 to 8.5 cases per 100 full-time workers from 1992 to 1993, the incidence rate of reported injuries and illnesses fell to 8.4 cases per 100 full-time workers in 1994. During the last 10 years, such rates have fluctuated within a range of 7.9 to 8.9 (table 4). - 2 - 1994 Results Of the 6.8 million nonfatal injuries and illnesses, nearly 6.3 million were injuries that resulted in either lost worktime, medical treatment other than first aid, loss of consciousness, restriction of work or motion, or transfer to another job. The remainder of these private industry cases (about 515,000) were work-related illnesses. Other findings on the 1994 nonfatal injuries and illnesses follow: * Slightly more than 3 million injuries and illnesses were serious enough to require recuperation away from work or to restrict duties at work, or both (table 2). * Manufacturing accounted for slightly more than three-fifths of all newly reported occupational illnesses (table 2). * Nearly two-thirds of the workplace illnesses were disorders associated with repeated trauma (332,000), such as carpal tunnel syndrome. (See "Background of the Survey" for limitations on kinds of illnesses reported.) The number of repeated trauma cases reported in 1994 was 10 percent higher than the correspond- ing 1993 figure (302,000). * Nationwide, injury rates generally are higher for mid-size establishments employing 50 to 249 workers than for smaller or larger establishments, although this pattern does not hold within certain industry divisions (table 3). * At 2.8 per 100 full-time workers, the 1994 rate of serious nonfatal cases resulting in days away from work was the lowest on record (table 4). The rate of such cases has declined for 4 years in a row. * For the first time in the more than 20-year history of the survey, the injury and illness rate in construction fell below the rate in manufacturing. The overall rates for these two industry divisions continued to be higher than the rates in other industry divisions (table 5). - 3 - * Industry rates can vary widely among individual industries sharing the same broad industrial activity. Rates in manufacturing, for example, ranged from about 15 per 100 full-time workers in primary metal industries to about 4 per 100 workers in petroleum and coal industries (table 6). * Eight industries, each having at least 100,000 injuries, accounted for about 1.8 million injuries, or nearly 30 percent of the 6.3 million total (table 7). Background of the Survey The Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses is a Federal/State program in which employer reports are collected from about 250,000 private industry establishments and processed by state agencies cooperating with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupa-tional injury and illness data for coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for railroad activities were provided by the Department of Labor's Mine Safety and Health Administration and the Department of Transportation's Federal Railroad Administration. The survey measures nonfatal injuries and illnesses only. The survey also excludes the self-employed; farmers with fewer than 11 employees; private households; and employees in federal, state, and local government agencies. In addition to the summary injury and illness data presented in this release, the BLS survey will provide details on the more seriously injured and ill workers (occupations, age, gender, race, and length of service) and on the circumstances of their injuries and illnesses (nature of the injury/illness, part of body affected, event or exposure, and primary and secondary sources of the injury/illness). "More seriously" is defined in this survey as involving days away from work. This more detailed information is scheduled for release in spring 1996. The survey continues to measure the number of new work-related illness cases which are recognized, diagnosed, and reported during the year. Some conditions, e.g., long-term latent illnesses caused by exposure to carcinogens, often are difficult to relate to the workplace and are not adequately recognized and reported. These long-term latent illnesses are believed to be understated in the survey's illness measures. In contrast, the overwhelming majority of the reported new illnesses are those which are easier to directly relate to workplace activity (e.g., contact dermatitis or carpal tunnel syndrome). The survey estimates of occupational injuries and illnesses are based on a scientifically selected probability sample, rather than a census of the entire population. These sample-based estimates may differ from the results which would be obtained from a census of the population. The sample used - 4 - was one of many possible samples, each of which could have produced different estimates. The variation in the sample estimates across all possible samples that could have been drawn is measured by the standard error. For example, the 1994 incidence rate for all occupational injuries and illnesses of 8.4 per 100 full-time workers in private industry has an estimated relative standard error of about 0.6 percent or slightly less than 0.1 percentage point. A relative standard error was calculated for each estimate from the survey and will be published in a BLS bulletin that will be available in the fall of 1996. The data also are subject to nonsampling error. The inability to obtain information about all cases in the sample, mistakes in recording or coding the data, and definitional difficulties are examples of nonsampling error in the survey. Nonsampling errors are not measured. However, BLS has implemented quality assurance procedures to minimize nonsampling error in the survey. Table 1. Nonfatal occupational injury and illness incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry division, 1994 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Lost workday cases | ___________________________________ Cases Industry division | Total | | | without lost | cases | | With | workdays | | Total (2) | days away | | | | from work (3) | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Private industry (4)...................... 8.4 3.8 2.8 4.6 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (4)...... 10.0 4.7 3.9 5.2 Mining (5).................................. 6.3 3.9 3.3 2.4 Construction................................ 11.8 5.5 4.9 6.3 Manufacturing............................... 12.2 5.5 3.2 6.8 Durable goods.............................. 13.5 5.7 3.5 7.8 Nondurable goods........................... 10.5 5.1 2.8 5.3 Transportation and public utilities (5)..... 9.3 5.5 4.2 3.9 Wholesale and retail trade.................. 7.9 3.4 2.7 4.4 Wholesale trade............................ 7.7 3.8 2.8 3.9 Retail trade............................... 7.9 3.3 2.6 4.6 Finance, insurance, and real estate......... 2.7 1.1 .9 1.6 Services.................................... 6.5 2.8 2.2 3.7 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 200,000, where N = number of injuries and illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to days-away-from-work cases with or without restricted work activity. 3 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 4 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 5 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. NOTE: Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals. Table 2. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses, by industry division, 1994 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Lost workday cases | _____________________________ Cases | Total | | | without lost Industry division | cases | | With | workdays | (000's) | Total (1) | days away | (000's) | | (000's) | from work (2)| | | | (000's) | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ INJURIES AND ILLNESSES Private industry (3)..................... 6,766.9 3,061.0 2,236.6 3,705.9 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (3).... 106.1 50.3 41.0 55.8 Mining (4)................................ 39.7 24.6 20.7 15.1 Construction.............................. 529.3 246.1 218.8 283.2 Manufacturing............................. 2,232.6 996.7 584.2 1,235.8 Durable goods............................ 1,423.3 600.8 365.4 822.4 Nondurable goods......................... 809.3 395.9 218.8 413.4 Transportation and public utilities (4)... 532.5 311.4 241.7 221.0 Wholesale and retail trade................ 1,648.5 714.3 560.4 934.2 Wholesale trade.......................... 455.1 222.5 165.8 232.6 Retail trade............................. 1,193.4 491.8 394.6 701.6 Finance, insurance, and real estate....... 166.1 66.8 55.3 99.3 Services.................................. 1,512.2 650.7 514.4 861.5 INJURIES Private industry (3)..................... 6,252.2 2,848.3 2,119.3 3,403.9 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (3).... 100.4 48.5 39.7 51.8 Mining (4)................................ 38.1 24.0 20.1 14.1 Construction.............................. 519.4 241.7 214.9 277.7 Manufacturing............................. 1,906.1 859.4 526.2 1,046.7 Durable goods............................ 1,223.0 524.5 330.0 698.5 Nondurable goods......................... 683.1 334.8 196.1 348.3 Transportation and public utilities (4)... 510.4 301.5 233.9 208.9 Wholesale and retail trade................ 1,601.6 691.7 543.3 909.9 Wholesale trade.......................... 438.5 214.0 159.6 224.5 Retail trade............................. 1,163.0 477.7 383.6 685.4 Finance, insurance, and real estate....... 147.5 58.8 49.0 88.7 Services.................................. 1,428.8 622.8 492.3 806.0 ILLNESSES Private industry (3)..................... 514.7 212.7 117.3 302.0 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (3).... 5.8 1.8 1.3 3.9 Mining (4)................................ 1.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 Construction.............................. 9.8 4.4 4.0 5.5 Manufacturing............................. 326.5 137.4 58.1 189.1 Durable goods............................ 200.3 76.3 35.4 124.0 Nondurable goods......................... 126.2 61.1 22.7 65.1 Transportation and public utilities (4)... 22.0 10.0 7.8 12.1 Wholesale and retail trade................ 47.0 22.6 17.1 24.4 Wholesale trade.......................... 16.6 8.5 6.1 8.1 Retail trade............................. 30.4 14.1 11.0 16.3 Finance, insurance, and real estate....... 18.6 8.0 6.3 10.6 Services.................................. 83.4 27.9 22.0 55.5 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to days-away-from-work cases with or without restricted work activity. 2 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 3 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 4 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. NOTE: Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals. Table 3. Nonfatal occupational injury incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry division and employment size, 1994 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | Establishment employment size (workers) _____________________________________________________________________ Industry division | | | | | | 1 | 11 | 50 | 250 | 1,000 | to | to | to | to | or | 10 | 49 | 249 | 999 | more ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Private industry (2)....................... 3.3 6.8 9.9 8.9 8.2 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (2)...... 7.3 9.3 10.4 9.7 10.4 Mining (3).................................. 4.2 7.2 6.5 5.0 5.1 Construction................................ 7.6 12.7 14.4 10.0 4.3 Manufacturing............................... 5.3 10.4 12.2 9.7 9.7 Durable goods.............................. 6.9 12.6 13.6 10.4 10.7 Nondurable goods........................... 2.9 7.0 10.5 8.9 7.7 Transportation and public utilities (3)..... 3.4 7.8 10.5 8.9 10.1 Wholesale and retail trade.................. 3.2 6.9 10.2 10.3 8.6 Wholesale trade............................ 3.5 7.1 10.1 8.8 8.0 Retail trade............................... 3.0 6.8 10.2 10.9 8.7 Finance, insurance, and real estate......... 1.9 2.4 3.1 2.4 1.5 Services.................................... 2.1 4.0 8.1 8.6 7.7 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 200,000, where N = number of injuries EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 3 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. Table 4. Occupational injury and illness incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) 1973-94 (2) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Injuries and illnesses | Injuries _______________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | Lost workday cases | | | Lost workday cases | _____________________ _____________________ Year | | | Cases | | | Cases | Total | | | without | Total | | | without | cases | | With | lost | cases | | With | lost | | Total (3)| days away| workdays | | Total (3)| days away| workdays | | | from work| | | | from work| | | | (4) | | | | (4) | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1973................ 11.0 3.4 - 7.5 10.6 3.3 1 7.3 1974................ 10.4 3.5 - 6.9 10.0 3.4 1 6.6 1975................ 9.1 3.3 3.2 5.8 8.8 3.2 3.1 5.6 1976................ 9.2 3.5 3.3 5.7 8.9 3.4 3.2 5.5 1977................ 9.3 3.8 3.6 5.5 9.0 3.7 3.5 5.3 1978 (5)............ 9.4 4.1 3.8 5.3 9.2 4.0 3.7 5.2 1979 (5)............ 9.5 4.3 4.0 5.2 9.2 4.2 3.9 5.0 1980................ 8.7 4.0 3.7 4.7 8.5 3.9 3.6 4.6 1981................ 8.3 3.8 3.5 4.5 8.1 3.7 3.4 4.4 1982................ 7.7 3.5 3.2 4.2 7.6 3.4 3.2 4.1 1983 (5)............ 7.6 3.4 3.2 4.2 7.5 3.4 3.1 4.1 1984 (5)............ 8.0 3.7 3.4 4.3 7.8 3.6 3.3 4.2 1985................ 7.9 3.6 3.3 4.3 7.7 3.6 3.3 4.2 1986................ 7.9 3.6 3.3 4.3 7.7 3.6 3.3 4.2 1987................ 8.3 3.8 3.4 4.4 8.0 3.7 3.3 4.3 1988................ 8.6 4.0 3.5 4.6 8.3 3.8 3.4 4.4 1989................ 8.6 4.0 3.4 4.6 8.2 3.9 3.3 4.4 1990................ 8.8 4.1 3.4 4.7 8.3 3.9 3.3 4.5 1991................ 8.4 3.9 3.2 4.5 7.9 3.7 3.1 4.2 1992 (6)............ 8.9 3.9 3.0 5.0 8.3 3.6 2.9 4.7 1993 (6)............ 8.5 3.8 2.9 4.8 7.9 3.5 2.7 4.4 1994 (6)............ 8.4 3.8 2.8 4.6 7.7 3.5 2.6 4.2 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 200,000, where N = number of injuries and illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Data for 1973-1975 are based on the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1967 Edition; data for 1976-1987 are based on the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1972 Edition; and data for 1988-1994 are based on the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Edition. 3 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to days-away-from-work cases with or without restricted work activity. 4 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 5 To maintain historical comparability with the rest of the series, data for small nonfarm employers in low-risk industries who were not surveyed were imputed and included in the survey estimates. 6 Data for 1992-1994 exclude fatal work-related injuries and illnesses. NOTE: Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals. Data for 1976-1994 exclude farms with fewer than 11 employees. 1 Data not available. Table 5. Nonfatal occupational injury and illness incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry division, 1992-94 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Lost workday cases | _________________________________________ | | | | Total cases | | | Cases without lost | | | | workdays Industry division | | Total (2) | With days away from| | | | work (3) | ____________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Private industry (4)................. 8.9 8.5 8.4 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.0 2.9 2.8 5.0 4.8 4.6 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (4)..... 11.6 11.2 10.0 5.4 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.2 3.9 6.2 6.2 5.2 Mining (5)................................. 7.3 6.8 6.3 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.3 2.9 2.4 Construction............................... 13.1 12.2 11.8 5.8 5.5 5.5 5.3 4.9 4.9 7.3 6.7 6.3 Manufacturing.............................. 12.5 12.1 12.2 5.4 5.3 5.5 3.5 3.3 3.2 7.1 6.8 6.8 Durable goods............................ 13.4 13.1 13.5 5.5 5.4 5.7 3.7 3.5 3.5 7.9 7.7 7.8 Nondurable goods......................... 11.3 10.7 10.5 5.3 5.0 5.1 3.3 3.0 2.8 6.0 5.7 5.3 Transportation and public utilities (5).... 9.1 9.5 9.3 5.1 5.4 5.5 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.0 4.1 3.9 Wholesale and retail trade................. 8.4 8.1 7.9 3.5 3.4 3.4 2.9 2.8 2.7 4.9 4.7 4.4 Wholesale trade.......................... 7.6 7.8 7.7 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.9 4.1 3.9 Retail trade............................. 8.7 8.2 7.9 3.4 3.3 3.3 2.9 2.7 2.6 5.3 4.9 4.6 Finance, insurance, and real estate........ 2.9 2.9 2.7 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 .9 1.7 1.7 1.6 Services................................... 7.1 6.7 6.5 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.2 4.2 3.9 3.7 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 200,000, where N = number of injuries and illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to days-away-from-work cases with or without restricted work activity. 3 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 4 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 5 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. NOTE: Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals. Table 6. Nonfatal occupational injury incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry, 1994 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | Lost workday cases | _________________________ | | Annual | | | | SIC | average | Total | | | Cases Industry (2) | code (3) | employment | cases | | With |without lost | | (4) | | Total (5) | days away | workdays | | (000's) | | | from work | | | | | | (6) | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Private industry (7)....................... 95,449.3 7.7 3.5 2.6 4.2 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (7)...... 1,228.1 9.4 4.6 3.7 4.9 Agricultural production (7)................. 01-02 n.a. 9.7 4.6 3.7 5.1 Agricultural production-crops (7).......... 01 n.a. 8.8 4.2 3.4 4.6 Agricultural production-livestock (7)...... 02 n.a. 12.8 6.0 4.6 6.8 Agricultural services...................... 07 n.a. 9.3 4.5 3.8 4.7 Forestry................................... 08 n.a. 8.9 4.4 3.8 4.5 Fishing, hunting, and trapping............. 09 n.a. 6.4 4.0 3.2 2.4 Mining (8).................................. 600.0 6.0 3.8 3.2 2.2 Metal mining (8)........................... 10 48.8 5.3 3.0 2.1 2.3 Coal mining (8)............................ 12 112.2 9.3 7.2 6.9 2.1 Oil and gas extraction .................... 13 335.8 5.2 2.9 2.3 2.3 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels (8)..... 14 103.3 5.8 3.5 2.8 2.2 Construction................................ 5,010.0 11.5 5.4 4.8 6.2 General building contractors............... 15 1,200.5 10.7 5.0 4.4 5.7 Heavy construction, except building........ 16 736.4 10.0 4.9 4.2 5.1 Special trade contractors.................. 17 3,072.8 12.3 5.6 5.1 6.6 Manufacturing............................... 18,303.0 10.4 4.7 2.9 5.7 Durable goods............................... 10,431.0 11.6 5.0 3.1 6.6 Lumber and wood products................... 24 752.2 14.9 7.4 5.4 7.5 Furniture and fixtures..................... 25 501.8 13.6 6.3 3.9 7.3 Stone, clay, and glass products............ 32 532.5 12.3 6.1 4.1 6.2 Primary metal industries................... 33 699.1 15.3 6.7 4.2 8.6 Fabricated metal products.................. 34 1,387.1 15.0 6.2 4.0 8.8 Industrial machinery and equipment......... 35 1,984.7 10.5 4.0 2.6 6.6 Electronic and other electric equipment.... 36 1,570.8 6.6 2.9 1.7 3.8 Transportation equipment................... 37 1,748.9 14.8 6.2 3.5 8.6 Instruments and related products........... 38 863.3 4.5 2.0 1.2 2.5 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries..... 39 390.3 8.7 3.9 2.4 4.9 Nondurable goods............................ 7,872.0 8.8 4.3 2.5 4.5 Food and kindred products.................. 20 1,679.6 13.6 7.3 4.0 6.3 Tobacco products........................... 21 42.2 4.9 2.3 1.8 2.6 Textile mill products...................... 22 673.2 7.3 3.5 1.6 3.8 Apparel and other textile products......... 23 969.4 6.8 2.9 1.9 3.9 Paper and allied products.................. 26 691.3 8.8 4.2 2.5 4.6 Printing and publishing.................... 27 1,541.5 6.1 2.8 2.0 3.4 Chemicals and allied products.............. 28 1,060.6 5.0 2.5 1.4 2.5 Petroleum and coal products................ 29 148.9 4.3 2.2 1.2 2.1 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products. 30 952.0 12.7 6.1 3.6 6.6 Leather and leather products............... 31 113.6 9.6 4.0 2.5 5.6 Transportation and public utilities (8)..... 6,006.0 9.0 5.3 4.1 3.7 Railroad transportation (8)................ 40 240.5 5.0 3.8 3.3 1.2 Local and interurban passenger transit..... 41 410.3 9.4 5.0 4.3 4.4 Trucking and warehousing................... 42 1,797.3 14.5 9.0 6.9 5.5 Water transportation....................... 44 168.8 9.2 5.0 4.7 4.2 Transportation by air...................... 45 747.8 12.6 7.7 6.5 5.0 Pipelines, except natural gas.............. 46 17.6 2.2 1.3 1.1 1.0 Transportation services.................... 47 392.4 3.9 2.1 1.6 1.8 Communications............................. 48 1,304.6 2.9 1.5 1.2 1.4 Electric, gas, and sanitary services....... 49 926.5 6.8 3.4 2.1 3.4 _____________________________________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table. Table 6. Nonfatal occupational injury incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry, 1994--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | Lost workday cases | _________________________ | | Annual | | | | SIC | average | Total | | | Cases Industry (2) | code (3) | employment | cases | | With |without lost | | (4) | | Total (5) | days away | workdays | | (000's) | | | from work | | | | | | (6) | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Wholesale and retail trade.................. 26,577.0 7.6 3.3 2.6 4.3 Wholesale trade............................. 6,140.0 7.4 3.6 2.7 3.8 Wholesale trade--durable goods............. 50 3,542.0 6.8 3.1 2.3 3.7 Wholesale trade--nondurable goods.......... 51 2,599.0 8.3 4.4 3.3 3.9 Retail trade................................ 20,437.0 7.7 3.2 2.5 4.5 Building materials and garden supplies..... 52 828.0 10.2 4.8 3.8 5.4 General merchandise stores................. 53 2,545.4 10.5 5.2 3.6 5.3 Food stores................................ 54 3,289.1 10.1 4.2 3.6 5.9 Automotive dealers and service stations.... 55 2,122.5 7.2 2.8 2.3 4.4 Apparel and accessory stores............... 56 1,134.0 4.0 1.6 1.2 2.4 Furniture and homefurnishings stores....... 57 890.0 5.6 2.7 2.2 2.9 Eating and drinking places................. 58 7,069.0 7.6 2.6 2.2 5.0 Miscellaneous retail....................... 59 2,559.5 4.2 1.9 1.5 2.3 Finance, insurance, and real estate......... 6,933.0 2.4 .9 .8 1.4 Depository institutions.................... 60 2,075.4 1.9 .7 .6 1.2 Nondepository institutions................. 61 498.5 1.3 .5 .4 .8 Security and commodity brokers............. 62 518.0 .6 .2 .2 .4 Insurance carriers......................... 63 1,550.7 2.0 .6 .5 1.4 Insurance agents, brokers, and service..... 64 686.4 1.2 .4 .3 .8 Real estate................................ 65 1,373.0 5.5 2.6 2.1 2.9 Holding and other investment offices....... 67 231.4 1.7 .7 .6 1.0 Services.................................... 30,792.2 6.1 2.7 2.1 3.5 Hotels and other lodging places............ 70 1,618.0 9.9 4.6 3.4 5.3 Personal services.......................... 72 1,139.3 3.9 1.8 1.4 2.1 Business services.......................... 73 6,239.0 4.6 2.2 1.8 2.4 Auto repair, services, and parking......... 75 970.5 6.8 2.9 2.4 3.9 Miscellaneous repair services.............. 76 333.9 7.4 3.4 2.8 4.0 Motion pictures............................ 78 471.2 2.9 1.0 .8 1.9 Amusement and recreation services.......... 79 1,344.1 8.6 3.7 2.8 4.9 Health services............................ 80 9,000.7 8.8 3.7 2.9 5.1 Legal services............................. 81 926.8 .9 .3 .3 .6 Educational services....................... 82 1,822.0 3.9 1.4 1.2 2.5 Social services............................ 83 2,180.7 7.3 3.3 2.6 4.0 Museums, botanical, zoological gardens..... 84 79.0 6.7 2.8 2.1 3.9 Engineering and management services........ 87 2,567.0 2.3 1.0 .7 1.4 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 200,000, where N = number of injuries EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Totals for divisions include data for industries not shown separately. 3 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Edition. 4 Employment is expressed as an annual average and is derived primarily from the BLS-State Current Employment Statistics program. Annual average employment for the agriculture, forestry, and fishing division is obtained from the Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses. 5 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to days-away-from-work cases with or without restricted work activity. 6 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity. 7 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 8 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. NOTE: Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals. n.a. = data not available. Table 7. Nonfatal occupational injuries: number of cases and incidence rates, per 100 full-time workers,1 for industries with 100,000 or more injury cases, 1994 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Industry SIC Total Incidence code 2 cases rate (000's) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Eating and drinking places.................. 581 356.6 7.6 Hospitals................................... 806 311.7 10.3 Trucking and courier services, except air... 421 242.0 14.8 Grocery stores.............................. 541 228.0 10.8 Nursing and personal care facilities........ 805 217.2 16.5 Motor vehicles and equipment manufacturing.. 371 171.4 18.2 Department stores........................... 531 171.4 10.8 Hotels and motels........................... 701 124.8 10.0 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) X 200,000 where, N = number of injuries EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Edition.