USDL 00-125 TRANSMISSION OF THIS MATERIAL IS EMBARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. EDT, THURSDAY, MAY 4, 2000. Internet address: http://stats.bls.gov/lprhome.htm Historical, technical information: (202) 691-5606 Current data: (202) 691-5200 Media contact: (202) 691-5902 PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS First Quarter 2000 The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor today reported preliminary productivity data--as measured by output per hour of all persons--for the first quarter of 2000. The seasonally adjusted annual rates of productivity change in the first quarter were: 1.8 percent in the business sector and 2.4 percent in the nonfarm business sector. These productivity gains were smaller than the gains of the previous quarter (6.6 percent in the business sector and 6.9 percent in the nonfarm business sector, as revised). Output growth in the first quarter, 6.0 percent in both sectors, slowed somewhat from the rapid fourth-quarter pace, and hours of all persons in the first quarter grew more rapidly. First- quarter measures are summarized in table A and appear in detail in tables 1 through 5. In manufacturing, productivity changes in the first quarter were: 6.9 percent in manufacturing, 9.9 percent in durable goods manufacturing, and 2.7 percent in nondurable goods manufacturing. Productivity growth in manufacturing in the first quarter of 2000 reflected a strong increase in output, 6.2 percent, and a slight drop in the hours of all persons, -0.6 percent. Output and hours in manufacturing, which includes about 17 percent of U.S. business-sector employment, tend to vary more from quarter to quarter than data for the more aggregate business and nonfarm business sectors. ---------------------------------------------------------------- Historical measures of productivity and costs have been revised. See "Revised measures". ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Table A. Productivity and costs: Preliminary first-quarter 2000 measures (Seasonally adjusted annual rates) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Real Hourly hourly Unit Produc- compen- compen- labor Sector tivity Output Hours sation sation costs ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Percent change from preceding quarter Business 1.8 6.0 4.2 3.7 -0.2 1.9 Nonfarm business 2.4 6.0 3.6 4.2 0.3 1.8 Manufacturing 6.9 6.2 -0.6 3.8 -0.1 -2.9 Durable 9.9 9.6 -0.3 3.1 -0.8 -6.2 Nondurable 2.7 1.5 -1.1 5.0 1.0 2.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Percent change from same quarter a year ago Business 3.5 5.7 2.2 4.1 1.0 0.7 Nonfarm business 3.7 5.8 2.0 4.3 1.2 0.7 Manufacturing 6.8 5.7 -1.0 4.9 1.7 -1.8 Durable 9.1 8.7 -0.4 5.0 1.8 -3.8 Nondurable 3.9 1.9 -1.9 4.6 1.4 0.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The data sources and methods used in the preparation of the manufacturing series differ from those used in preparing the business and nonfarm business series, and these measures are not directly comparable. Output measures for business and nonfarm business are based on measures of gross domestic product prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce. Quarterly output measures for manufacturing reflect indexes of industrial production independently prepared by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. See Technical Notes for further information on data sources. Business Productivity in the business sector increased at a 1.8 percent annual rate from the fourth quarter of 1999 to the first quarter of 2000, as output increased 6.0 percent and hours of all persons engaged in the sector rose 4.2 percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). Revised data for the fourth quarter of 1999 show that output per hour increased 6.6 percent, output increased 8.6 percent, and hours of all persons grew 1.9 percent (table 1). Hourly compensation increased 3.7 percent during the first quarter of 2000. This measure includes wages and salaries, supplements, employer contributions to employee benefit plans, and taxes. Unit labor costs, which reflect changes in hourly compensation and productivity, increased at a 1.9 percent rate during the first quarter, after declining by 3.1 percent one quarter earlier. Real hourly compensation, which takes into account changes in consumer prices, declined at a 0.2 percent annual rate in the first quarter, following 15 consecutive quarterly increases. The implicit price deflator for the business sector, which reflects changes in both unit labor costs and unit nonlabor payments, rose at a 2.2 percent annual rate in the first quarter. Nonfarm business Productivity increased 2.4 percent in the nonfarm business sector in the first quarter, as output increased 6.0 percent and hours of all persons rose 3.6 percent. During the fourth quarter of 1999, productivity had increased 6.9 percent in this sector, reflecting gains of 8.5 percent in output and 1.5 percent in hours (table 2). Hourly compensation increased at a 4.2 percent annual rate in the first quarter. When the rise in consumer prices was taken into account, real hourly compensation rose 0.3 percent in the first quarter of 2000; it had increased 0.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 1999. Unit labor costs rose 1.8 percent in the first quarter, after falling 2.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 1999. The implicit price deflator for nonfarm business output rose 2.3 percent in the first quarter, compared with a 1.9 percent rise one quarter earlier. Manufacturing Productivity increased at a 6.9 percent seasonally adjusted annual rate in manufacturing in the first quarter of 2000, as output increased 6.2 percent and hours of all persons declined 0.6 percent. Productivity grew in both the durable and nondurable sectors of manufacturing, 9.9 and 2.7 percent, respectively. In durable goods manufacturing, output rose at a 9.6 percent annual rate in the first quarter, as hours fell 0.3 percent. Nondurable goods manufacturing output rose 1.5 percent in the first quarter, and hours declined by 1.1 percent. Hourly compensation of all manufacturing workers rose 3.8 percent during the first quarter, but real hourly compensation fell off slightly, -0.1 percent. The hourly compensation of workers in durable goods manufacturing rose 3.1 percent, while that of employees in nondurable goods manufacturing grew 5.0 percent. Unit labor costs in manufacturing fell 2.9 percent in the first quarter of 2000, as unit labor costs of durable goods producers declined 6.2 percent and those of nondurable goods producers rose at a 2.2 percent annual rate. Fourth-quarter and annual measures for nonfinancial corporations Fourth-quarter and annual 1999 measures of productivity and costs also were announced today for the nonfinancial corporate sector (tables B, C, and 6). Output per all-employee hour rose 5.1 percent from the third to the fourth quarter of 1999, as output increased 7.5 percent and employee hours rose 2.3 percent. In the third quarter, productivity had risen 4.0 percent, as output rose 6.6 percent and hours of all employees increased 2.4 percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). The sector includes all corporations doing business in the United States, except those classified as depository institutions, nondepository institutions, security and commodity brokers, insurance carriers, regulated investment offices, small business investment offices, and real estate investment trusts. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table B. Nonfinancial corporations: Fourth-quarter 1999 productivity and cost measures (Seasonally adjusted annual rates) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Real Hourly hourly Unit Implicit Produc- compen- compen- labor Unit price Period tivity Output Hours sation sation costs profits deflator ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from preceding quarter 1999 IV 5.1 7.5 2.3 3.5 0.7 -1.5 10.7 0.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from same quarter a year ago 1999 IV 4.2 6.1 1.8 4.4 1.8 0.2 2.1 0.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hourly compensation increased 3.5 percent in the fourth quarter, and real hourly compensation rose 0.7 percent. Unit labor costs fell 1.5 percent in the fourth quarter of 1999, the first decline since the third quarter of 1997, when they also fell 1.5 percent. Total unit costs declined 0.3 percent during the fourth quarter, after having increased 1.3 percent during the third quarter. In the fourth quarter, unit profits rose 10.7 percent. Unit profits fell 9.6 percent during the third quarter of 1999. The implicit price deflator for nonfinancial corporate output rose 0.9 percent during the fourth quarter of 1999. Productivity grew 4.0 percent in 1999 for nonfinancial corporations, the same as the previous year (table C). Nonfinancial corporate output grew slower in 1999, 5.9 percent, than it had in 1998, when it grew 6.7 percent. Hours of employees in nonfinancial corporations rose 1.7 percent during 1999, compared with a 2.6 percent rise one year earlier. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table C. Nonfinancial corporations: Annual changes in productivity and related measures, 1990-1999 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Measure 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Productivity 0.6 2.0 2.1 0.8 2.4 1.0 3.3 3.1 4.0 4.0 Output 0.9 -0.8 2.6 3.0 6.4 4.2 5.0 6.7 6.7 5.9 Hours 0.3 -2.7 0.5 2.3 3.9 3.2 1.7 3.5 2.6 1.7 Hourly compensation 5.1 4.5 4.7 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.7 3.6 5.4 4.9 Real hourly compensation 0.1 0.8 2.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.7 0.0 1.4 4.0 2.8 Unit labor costs 4.5 2.5 2.5 1.3 -0.3 0.8 -0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 Unit nonlabor costs 3.6 4.1 -2.0 0.2 1.0 0.9 -1.5 -0.8 -1.0 0.6 Total unit cost 4.2 2.9 1.3 1.0 0.1 0.8 -0.8 0.1 0.7 0.8 Unit profits -3.1 -1.4 7.6 13.2 16.3 5.5 9.5 3.6 -4.0 -1.3 Implicit price deflator 3.6 2.6 1.8 2.1 1.6 1.4 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hourly compensation grew 4.9 percent in 1999, less than the 5.4 percent increase in 1998. Real hourly compensation increased 2.8 percent in 1999, compared with a 4.0 percent rise one year earlier. Total unit costs rose 0.8 percent in 1999, reflecting an increase of 0.8 percent in unit labor costs and a 0.6 percent rise in unit nonlabor costs. Unit profits fell 1.3 percent in 1999; in 1998, they had fallen 4.0 percent. REVISED MEASURES Current and previous measures for the fourth quarter of 1999 for the business, nonfarm business, and manufacturing sectors are compared in table D. Some of the quarterly movements differ from those reported on March 7, based on information then available. Output and productivity were revised up, and unit labor costs correspondingly revised down, in all three sectors. --------------------------------------------------------------------- Table D. Previous and revised productivity and related measures Quarterly percent change at seasonally adjusted annual rate --------------------------------------------------------------------- Real Hourly hourly Unit Produc- compen- compen- labor Sector tivity Output Hours sation sation costs --------------------------------------------------------------------- Fourth quarter 1999 Business: Previous 6.1 8.2 1.9 3.3 0.4 -2.7 Current 6.6 8.6 1.9 3.3 0.5 -3.1 Nonfarm business: Previous 6.4 8.0 1.6 3.7 0.8 -2.5 Current 6.9 8.5 1.5 3.8 0.9 -2.9 Manufacturing: Previous 10.3 6.6 -3.3 4.2 1.3 -5.5 Current 10.8 7.1 -3.3 4.2 1.3 -5.9 --------------------------------------------------------------------- The revisions of productivity and cost measures to reflect the most recent revision of the national income and product accounts have been extended back to 1947 for the business and nonfarm business sectors and to 1958 for nonfinancial corporations. In addition, revised NIPA estimates beginning with 1959 incorporate several corrections. Based on these revisions, the long-term rate of growth in output per hour in the nonfarm business sector, 1947-1999, was 2.2 percent a year. Tables 1-6 show revised data in all sectors for 1998-1999. Appendix tables 1-3 show annual indexes of productivity and costs for the business, nonfarm business, and nonfinancial corporate sectors for all years since the inception of the series. Productivity and cost measures were revised to reflect the results of the 1998 Hours at Work Survey, which are now available. This survey is used to adjust the number of hours for which private nonfarm employees are paid (as reported in the BLS Current Establishment Statistics program) to hours at the workplace. For 1998, these results show that hours of all persons in the nonfarm business sector rose at the same rate as had previously been reported. Hours of all persons in manufacturing fell 0.4 percent in 1998; previously, they had been reported as increasing 0.1 percent. The Consumer Price Index Research Series has been updated. This affected indexes of real hourly compensation for all years. Next release date The next release of Productivity and Costs is scheduled for 8:30 AM EDT, Tuesday, June 6, 2000. First-quarter measures for nonfinancial corporations and revised measures for business, nonfarm business, and manufacturing will be released at that time. TECHNICAL NOTES Labor Hours: Hours data for the labor productivity and cost measures include hours for all persons working in the sector—wage and salary workers, the self-employed, and unpaid family workers. The primary source of hours and employment data is the BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) program, which provides monthly survey data on the number of jobs held by wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments. The CES also provides average weekly paid hours of production and nonsupervisory workers in these establishments. Average weekly paid hours of nonproduction and supervisory workers are estimated by the Office of Productivity and Technology. Weekly paid hours are adjusted to hours at work using the BLS Hours at Work survey, conducted for this purpose. Data from the BLS Current Population Survey (CPS) are used for farm labor; in the nonfarm sector, the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) of the Department of Com- merce and the CPS are used to measure labor input for government enterprises, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Output: Business sector output is an annual-weighted index constructed after excluding from gross domestic product (GDP) the following outputs: General government, nonprofit institutions, paid employees of private households, and the rental value of owner-occupied dwellings. Corresponding exclusions also are made in labor inputs. Business output accounted for about 77 percent of the value of GDP in 1996. Nonfarm business, which also excludes farming, accounted for about 76 percent of GDP in 1996. Annual indexes for manufacturing and its durable and nondurable goods components are constructed by deflating current-dollar industry value of production data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census with deflators from the BEA. These deflators are based on data from the BLS producer price program and other sources. The industry shipments are aggregated using annual weights, and intrasector transactions are removed. Quarterly manufacturing output measures are based on the index of industrial production prepared monthly by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System adjusted to be consistent with annual indexes of manufacturing sector output prepared by BLS. Durables include the following 2-digit SIC industries: Primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; nonelectrical machinery; industrial and commercial machinery and computer equipment; electronic and other electrical equipment; transportation equipment; instruments; lumber and lumber products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass and concrete products; and miscellaneous manufactures. Nondurables include: Food and kindred products, tobacco products, textile mill products, apparel products, paper and allied products, printing and publishing, chemicals and chemical products, petroleum refining and related industries, rubber and plastic products, and leather and leather products. Nonfinancial corporate output is an annual-weighted index constructed by excluding from GDP the following outputs: General government; nonprofit institutions; employees of private households; the rental value of owner-oc- cupied dwellings; unincorporated business; and those corporations which are depository institutions, nondepository institutions, security and commodity brokers, insurance carriers, regulated investment offices, small business investment offices, and real estate investment trusts. Nonfinancial corporations accounted for about 53 percent of the value of GDP in 1996. Productivity: These productivity measures describe the relationship between real output and the labor time involved in its production. They show the changes from period to period in the amount of goods and services produced per hour. Although these measures relate output to hours at work of all persons engaged in a sector, they do not measure the specific contribution of labor, capital, or any other factor of production. Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many influences, including changes in technology; capital investment; level of output; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; the organization of production; managerial skill; and the characteristics and effort of the work force. Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service number: 1-800-877-8339. Table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I r109.6 r126.7 r115.6 r117.9 r103.6 r107.6 r114.4 r110.1 II 109.8 r127.4 116.1 r119.5 r104.6 r108.9 r112.7 r110.3 III 110.7 r128.8 116.4 r121.3 r105.8 r109.6 r112.2 r110.5 IV 111.9 r131.1 117.2 r122.8 r106.7 r109.7 112.1 r110.6 ANNUAL 110.5 r128.5 r116.3 r120.4 r105.3 r109.0 r112.8 r110.4 1999 I 112.7 r132.4 117.5 r124.3 r107.5 r110.3 r112.2 r111.0 II r112.9 r133.0 117.8 r125.8 r108.0 r111.4 r111.0 r111.3 III r114.2 r135.1 118.3 r127.2 r108.5 r111.4 r111.6 r111.5 IV r116.1 137.9 r118.8 128.2 r108.6 110.5 r114.4 r111.9 ANNUAL 114.0 r134.6 118.1 r126.4 r108.3 r110.9 r112.3 r111.4 2000 I 116.6 139.9 120.0 129.4 108.6 111.0 115.1 112.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I r4.8 r8.3 r3.3 r5.0 4.2 r0.2 r0.2 r0.2 II r0.7 r2.3 r1.5 r5.6 r4.0 r4.8 -5.6 r0.7 III r3.5 r4.5 0.9 6.1 r4.6 2.6 r-2.0 r0.8 IV 4.3 r7.3 r2.9 4.9 3.3 0.6 -0.1 r0.3 ANNUAL r2.9 r5.2 2.2 r5.4 r4.0 2.4 -2.1 0.7 1999 I r2.9 3.9 r1.0 4.9 r3.2 r2.0 0.2 1.3 II 0.8 1.9 r1.1 5.1 1.8 4.2 -4.1 1.1 III 4.7 6.5 1.7 4.5 r1.9 -0.2 2.1 r0.7 IV r6.6 r8.6 1.9 3.3 r0.5 r-3.1 r10.3 r1.7 ANNUAL r3.2 4.7 1.5 5.0 2.8 1.8 -0.5 0.9 2000 I 1.8 6.0 4.2 3.7 -0.2 1.9 2.7 2.2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I 3.2 r5.6 r2.4 r4.8 3.4 r1.6 r-0.2 r0.9 II 2.5 4.7 r2.1 5.5 4.0 2.9 -2.8 0.7 III r2.6 r4.7 2.1 r5.9 4.4 r3.2 -3.4 r0.6 IV r3.3 5.5 r2.1 5.4 4.0 r2.0 r-1.9 r0.5 ANNUAL r2.9 r5.2 2.2 r5.4 r4.0 2.4 -2.1 0.7 1999 I r2.9 r4.5 1.6 5.4 3.8 2.5 -1.9 0.8 II 2.9 r4.4 1.4 5.3 r3.3 2.3 -1.5 0.9 III 3.2 4.9 1.6 4.9 2.6 1.6 -0.5 0.8 IV r3.7 r5.2 1.4 4.5 r1.8 r0.7 r2.0 1.2 ANNUAL r3.2 4.7 1.5 5.0 2.8 1.8 -0.5 0.9 2000 I 3.5 5.7 2.2 4.1 1.0 0.7 2.6 1.4 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. May 4, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I r109.2 r127.0 116.3 r117.3 r103.1 r107.4 r115.9 r110.5 II 109.5 r127.8 r116.7 r118.9 r104.1 r108.6 r114.2 r110.6 III 110.4 r129.1 r117.0 r120.7 r105.3 r109.4 r113.2 r110.8 IV 111.5 r131.5 r117.9 r122.1 r106.1 r109.5 112.7 r110.7 ANNUAL r110.1 r128.8 r117.0 r119.8 r104.7 r108.7 r114.0 r110.6 1999 I 112.2 r132.8 r118.3 123.3 r106.7 r109.9 r113.2 r111.1 II 112.4 r133.4 118.7 r124.8 r107.1 r111.1 r112.3 r111.5 III r113.7 r135.6 r119.2 r126.2 r107.7 r111.0 r113.0 r111.7 IV r115.6 r138.4 119.7 r127.4 r107.9 110.2 r115.8 r112.2 ANNUAL 113.5 r135.0 119.0 125.4 r107.5 110.5 r113.6 r111.6 2000 I 116.3 140.4 120.7 128.7 108.0 110.6 116.8 112.9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I r4.7 r8.5 r3.6 r4.9 r4.2 r0.2 r1.6 r0.7 II r1.0 2.4 1.4 5.6 r4.0 r4.5 -5.8 0.5 III r3.2 4.4 1.2 6.2 4.7 3.0 r-3.3 0.6 IV 4.1 r7.4 3.1 4.6 r3.0 r0.4 r-1.7 r-0.4 ANNUAL 2.8 5.2 2.4 r5.3 r3.9 2.4 -1.8 0.8 1999 I 2.7 4.0 1.3 4.2 r2.5 r1.5 1.5 1.5 II r0.5 1.8 1.3 r4.7 r1.5 4.2 -3.1 1.4 III 5.0 6.8 1.7 r4.6 r2.0 -0.3 2.5 0.7 IV r6.9 r8.5 r1.5 r3.8 r0.9 r-2.9 r10.6 r1.9 ANNUAL 3.0 r4.8 1.7 4.7 2.6 r1.6 -0.4 0.9 2000 I 2.4 6.0 3.6 4.2 0.3 1.8 3.3 2.3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I 3.0 r5.7 r2.6 r4.6 3.2 r1.6 0.7 1.2 II r2.5 4.8 2.3 r5.4 3.8 2.8 -2.2 0.9 III r2.5 4.8 2.3 r5.8 4.3 r3.2 -3.3 0.7 IV r3.3 r5.7 r2.3 r5.4 r4.0 r2.0 -2.3 r0.4 ANNUAL 2.8 5.2 2.4 r5.3 r3.9 2.4 -1.8 0.8 1999 I r2.8 4.5 1.7 r5.2 3.6 r2.3 r-2.4 0.6 II 2.6 4.4 1.7 4.9 2.9 2.3 r-1.7 0.8 III 3.1 5.0 r1.9 r4.5 2.3 1.4 -0.2 0.8 IV r3.7 r5.2 r1.5 4.3 1.7 r0.6 r2.8 1.4 ANNUAL 3.0 r4.8 1.7 4.7 2.6 r1.6 -0.4 0.9 2000 I 3.7 5.8 2.0 4.3 1.2 0.7 3.2 1.6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. May 4, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I r123.2 130.6 r106.0 r117.4 r103.2 95.3 II r124.5 131.5 r105.6 r119.2 r104.3 95.7 III r127.0 132.6 r104.4 r121.3 r105.8 95.5 IV r128.9 134.4 r104.3 r122.1 r106.1 r94.8 ANNUAL r125.9 132.3 r105.1 r120.0 r104.9 95.3 1999 I r131.1 135.2 r103.1 r123.4 r106.8 94.1 II r132.8 136.8 r103.0 r125.1 r107.5 94.2 III r134.3 138.4 r103.1 r126.9 r108.3 94.5 IV r137.7 r140.8 r102.2 r128.3 r108.7 r93.1 ANNUAL r134.0 137.8 r102.9 r125.9 r107.9 94.0 2000 I 140.0 142.9 102.1 129.5 108.6 92.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I r3.2 3.3 r0.1 r6.3 r5.5 3.0 II r4.4 2.6 r-1.7 r6.1 r4.5 1.5 III r8.2 3.4 r-4.4 r7.2 r5.7 -0.9 IV r6.2 5.6 r-0.6 2.9 r1.4 -3.1 ANNUAL r5.3 4.9 r-0.4 r5.8 r4.4 0.5 1999 I r7.1 2.5 r-4.3 r4.3 r2.6 -2.7 II r5.3 4.9 r-0.4 r5.7 r2.4 0.3 III r4.3 4.6 r0.3 r5.9 r3.2 1.5 IV r10.8 r7.1 -3.3 4.2 1.3 r-5.9 ANNUAL 6.4 4.2 -2.1 5.0 2.8 -1.4 2000 I 6.9 6.2 -0.6 3.8 -0.1 -2.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I r5.5 6.5 r0.9 r5.1 r3.7 -0.4 II r5.2 5.3 r0.0 r5.9 r4.4 r0.7 III r5.1 4.2 r-0.9 r6.7 r5.2 1.6 IV r5.5 3.7 r-1.7 r5.6 r4.2 0.1 ANNUAL r5.3 4.9 r-0.4 r5.8 r4.4 0.5 1999 I r6.5 3.5 r-2.8 r5.1 r3.5 -1.3 II 6.7 4.1 -2.4 5.0 3.0 -1.6 III r5.7 4.4 r-1.3 r4.7 r2.4 -1.0 IV 6.9 r4.8 r-1.9 r5.0 r2.4 r-1.7 ANNUAL 6.4 4.2 -2.1 5.0 2.8 -1.4 2000 I 6.8 5.7 -1.0 4.9 1.7 -1.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. May 4, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I r136.0 151.7 r111.6 r114.9 r101.0 84.5 II r138.4 153.8 r111.1 r116.6 r102.0 84.2 III r142.8 157.1 r110.0 r118.7 r103.5 83.1 IV r146.2 160.8 r110.0 r119.3 r103.7 81.6 ANNUAL r140.8 155.9 r110.7 r117.4 r102.6 83.3 1999 I r149.6 162.0 r108.3 r120.6 r104.4 80.7 II r153.3 165.7 r108.1 r122.5 r105.2 79.9 III r155.2 169.1 r109.0 r124.2 r106.0 80.0 IV r159.4 r172.1 r108.0 r125.7 r106.5 78.9 ANNUAL r154.4 167.2 r108.3 r123.3 r105.6 r79.8 2000 I 163.2 176.1 107.9 126.6 106.3 77.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I r4.8 6.5 r1.7 r6.0 r5.2 1.2 II r7.5 5.7 r-1.7 r5.8 r4.2 -1.5 III r13.4 9.0 r-3.9 r7.4 r5.8 -5.3 IV r9.7 9.6 0.0 r2.3 r0.7 -6.8 ANNUAL r8.3 8.6 r0.3 r5.8 r4.4 -2.3 1999 I r9.6 3.1 r-5.9 r4.5 r2.8 -4.7 II r10.4 9.3 r-1.0 r6.4 3.1 -3.7 III r5.0 8.7 r3.5 r5.6 r2.9 0.5 IV r11.1 r7.1 r-3.6 4.9 r2.0 r-5.6 ANNUAL 9.6 7.3 -2.1 5.0 2.9 -4.2 2000 I 9.9 9.6 -0.3 3.1 -0.8 -6.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I r8.3 10.3 r1.8 r5.1 r3.7 -3.0 II r7.7 8.5 r0.8 r5.8 r4.3 -1.7 III r8.3 7.9 r-0.3 r7.0 r5.5 -1.2 IV r8.8 7.7 r-1.0 r5.4 r4.0 r-3.1 ANNUAL r8.3 8.6 r0.3 r5.8 r4.4 -2.3 1999 I r10.0 6.8 r-2.9 r5.0 r3.4 -4.6 II r10.8 7.7 -2.7 5.1 3.1 -5.1 III 8.7 7.6 r-0.9 4.7 2.4 -3.7 IV 9.0 r7.0 r-1.8 r5.3 r2.7 r-3.4 ANNUAL 9.6 7.3 -2.1 5.0 2.9 -4.2 2000 I 9.1 8.7 -0.4 5.0 1.8 -3.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. May 4, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I r112.3 110.9 r98.7 r120.4 r105.8 107.2 II r112.5 110.6 r98.3 r122.3 r107.1 108.7 III r113.1 109.6 r97.0 r124.3 r108.4 109.9 IV r113.6 109.8 r96.6 r125.5 r109.1 r110.5 ANNUAL r112.9 110.2 r97.6 r123.1 r107.7 r109.1 1999 I r114.7 110.3 r96.2 r126.8 r109.8 110.6 II r114.3 110.1 r96.3 r128.3 r110.2 112.2 III r115.4 109.9 r95.2 r130.1 r111.0 112.7 IV r118.3 r111.9 r94.6 r131.1 r111.0 r110.8 ANNUAL r115.7 110.5 r95.6 r129.1 r110.6 111.6 2000 I 119.1 112.3 94.3 132.7 111.3 111.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I r1.6 -0.6 r-2.2 r6.5 r5.7 r4.8 II r0.6 -1.1 r-1.8 r6.4 r4.8 5.7 III r2.1 -3.3 r-5.3 r6.8 r5.3 4.6 IV r1.9 0.5 r-1.4 r4.0 r2.4 2.0 ANNUAL r1.9 0.4 r-1.5 r5.8 r4.4 3.8 1999 I r3.6 1.8 r-1.8 r4.2 r2.6 0.6 II r-1.3 -0.8 r0.5 r4.6 r1.4 r6.0 III r4.1 -0.5 r-4.3 r5.7 r3.1 1.6 IV r10.3 r7.3 -2.7 r3.1 r0.2 r-6.6 ANNUAL r2.5 0.3 -2.1 4.8 2.7 2.3 2000 I 2.7 1.5 -1.1 5.0 1.0 2.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I r2.4 1.9 r-0.5 r5.0 r3.6 2.6 II r2.4 1.3 r-1.0 r5.9 r4.3 3.4 III r1.3 -0.4 r-1.6 r6.3 r4.8 4.9 IV r1.6 -1.1 r-2.7 r5.9 r4.5 4.3 ANNUAL r1.9 0.4 r-1.5 r5.8 r4.4 3.8 1999 I r2.1 -0.5 r-2.6 r5.4 r3.8 3.2 II 1.6 -0.4 -2.0 4.9 2.9 3.3 III r2.1 0.3 r-1.8 r4.6 r2.3 2.5 IV r4.1 1.9 r-2.1 r4.4 r1.8 r0.3 ANNUAL r2.5 0.3 -2.1 4.8 2.7 2.3 2000 I 3.9 1.9 -1.9 4.6 1.4 0.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. May 4, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 6. Nonfinancial corporations: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits, and prices, seasonally adjusted Output Hourly Real Unit Total Unit Implicit Year per all- compen- hourly Unit non- unit pro- price and employee Employee sation compen- labor labor costs fits deflator quarter hour Output hours (1) sation(2) costs costs(6) (7) (8) (4) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1997 I r109.4 r124.7 114.0 111.2 r99.1 r101.7 r100.1 r101.3 r156.3 r105.9 II r110.0 r126.6 115.1 112.0 r99.5 r101.8 r100.3 r101.4 r156.9 r106.1 III r111.7 r129.3 115.8 113.3 r100.2 r101.4 r99.7 r101.0 r161.8 r106.1 IV r112.4 r131.3 r116.8 115.1 r101.3 r102.4 r99.1 r101.5 r156.1 r106.1 ANNUAL r110.9 r128.0 115.4 113.0 r100.1 r101.8 r99.8 r101.3 r157.8 r106.1 1998 I r113.4 r133.6 117.8 116.4 r102.3 r102.6 r98.6 r101.5 r154.1 r106.0 II r114.5 r135.3 118.1 r118.1 r103.4 r103.1 r98.7 r101.9 r150.8 r106.0 III r116.2 r137.8 118.6 r119.9 r104.6 r103.2 r98.4 r101.9 r153.8 r106.3 IV r117.1 r139.6 r119.2 121.3 r105.4 r103.6 r99.4 r102.5 r147.1 r106.3 ANNUAL r115.4 r136.6 r118.3 119.0 r104.1 r103.1 r98.8 r102.0 r151.4 r106.1 1999 I r118.3 r141.6 119.7 122.7 r106.2 r103.8 r98.4 r102.3 r151.3 r106.5 II r119.3 r143.1 120.0 124.2 r106.6 r104.1 r98.9 r102.7 r150.2 r106.7 III r120.4 r145.4 r120.7 r125.6 r107.1 r104.2 r99.8 r103.0 r146.5 r106.7 IV 122.0 148.1 121.4 126.7 107.3 103.9 100.5 102.9 150.2 107.0 ANNUAL 120.1 144.6 120.4 124.9 107.0 104.0 99.4 102.7 149.5 106.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1997 I r1.6 r5.9 4.3 3.6 r1.1 r2.0 -0.3 r1.4 4.6 r1.8 II 2.3 r6.3 4.0 2.7 r1.6 r0.4 r0.9 r0.5 r1.5 r0.6 III 6.3 8.9 r2.4 4.7 r3.0 -1.5 r-2.3 r-1.7 r13.1 r0.1 IV r2.7 r6.3 3.5 6.5 r4.5 r3.7 r-2.4 r2.0 r-13.4 r-0.1 ANNUAL r3.1 r6.7 3.5 3.6 1.4 r0.5 r-0.8 r0.1 r3.6 0.6 1998 I 3.7 7.1 r3.2 4.8 4.1 1.1 r-2.2 r0.2 r-4.8 r-0.4 II 3.9 5.1 1.2 5.7 r4.2 r1.8 r0.5 r1.4 r-8.3 0.2 III 5.9 7.5 1.5 6.3 4.8 0.4 r-1.2 r-0.1 r8.0 0.9 IV r3.1 r5.5 2.3 4.9 3.3 r1.8 r4.3 r2.4 r-16.3 r0.0 ANNUAL 4.0 6.7 2.6 r5.4 r4.0 1.3 -1.0 r0.7 r-4.0 r0.1 1999 I r4.1 r5.8 1.6 4.7 r3.0 0.5 r-4.0 -0.7 r11.8 0.7 II r3.4 r4.4 1.0 4.8 r1.6 1.4 r1.9 1.5 r-2.8 1.0 III r4.0 6.6 2.4 4.5 r1.9 r0.5 r3.6 r1.3 r-9.6 -0.1 IV 5.1 7.5 2.3 3.5 0.7 -1.5 3.0 -0.3 10.7 0.9 ANNUAL 4.0 5.9 1.7 4.9 2.8 0.8 0.6 0.8 -1.3 0.5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1997 I r3.0 r6.6 3.5 3.5 0.7 r0.4 r-1.2 r0.0 r3.8 r0.5 II r2.7 r6.3 3.5 3.1 r1.0 r0.4 r-0.4 r0.2 3.4 r0.6 III r3.5 r7.1 3.5 3.5 1.4 -0.1 -0.6 r-0.2 r6.5 0.6 IV r3.2 r6.8 r3.5 r4.4 2.5 r1.1 r-1.0 r0.5 r1.0 r0.6 ANNUAL r3.1 r6.7 3.5 3.6 1.4 r0.5 r-0.8 r0.1 r3.6 0.6 1998 I r3.7 r7.1 3.3 r4.7 3.3 r0.9 r-1.5 r0.3 r-1.4 r0.1 II 4.1 r6.8 2.6 5.4 3.9 1.2 r-1.6 r0.5 -3.9 -0.1 III r4.1 6.5 2.4 5.8 4.4 1.7 r-1.3 0.9 r-4.9 0.1 IV r4.2 6.3 2.1 5.4 4.1 1.2 r0.3 r1.0 r-5.7 0.1 ANNUAL 4.0 6.7 2.6 r5.4 r4.0 1.3 -1.0 r0.7 r-4.0 r0.1 1999 I 4.3 6.0 1.7 5.4 3.8 1.1 r-0.2 r0.8 r-1.9 0.4 II 4.1 5.8 1.6 5.2 3.2 1.0 r0.2 r0.8 r-0.4 0.6 III 3.7 5.6 1.8 r4.7 r2.4 1.0 r1.4 r1.1 r-4.8 0.4 IV 4.2 6.1 1.8 4.4 1.8 0.2 1.1 0.4 2.1 0.6 ANNUAL 4.0 5.9 1.7 4.9 2.8 0.8 0.6 0.8 -1.3 0.5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. May 4, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics SOURCES: Output data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Census Bureau of the U.S. Department of Commerce; the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Reserve Board. Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of Economic Analysis. RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more complete information becomes available. The measures are first published within 40 days of the close of the reference period; revisions appear 30 days later, and second revisions after an additional 60 days. In the business sector, the third publication (second revision) of a quarterly index of output per hour of all persons has differed from the initial value by between -1.8 and +2.4 index points approximately 95 percent of the time. This interval is based on the performance of this measure between the fourth quarter of 1995 and the fourth quarter of 1999. Footnotes, Tables 1-6 (1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit plans. Except for nonfinancial corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the self- employed. (2) The change for recent quarters is based on the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U). The trend from 1978-1999 is based on the Consumer Price Index research series (CPI-U-RS). (3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, capital consumption allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes. (4) Current dollar output divided by the output index. (5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate from the original data rather than index numbers. Annual changes: Percent change between annual average levels. (6) Unit nonlabor costs include capital consumption allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes. For nonfinancial corporations, rental income of persons is zero by definition. (7) Total unit costs are the sum of unit labor and nonlabor costs. (8) Unit profits include corporate profits with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments. Appendix table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices Indexes 1992=100 Real Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1947 31.8 20.7 65.1 6.8 39.6 21.4 18.9 20.5 1948 33.2 21.8 65.6 7.4 39.7 22.2 21.0 21.7 1949 34.0 21.6 63.4 7.5 40.8 22.0 20.8 21.5 1950 36.9 23.7 64.2 8.0 43.3 21.8 21.8 21.8 1951 38.0 25.2 66.3 8.8 44.0 23.2 24.0 23.5 1952 39.2 26.0 66.3 9.3 45.8 23.9 23.5 23.7 1953 40.6 27.2 67.1 10.0 48.5 24.5 22.9 23.9 1954 41.5 26.9 64.7 10.3 49.7 24.8 22.8 24.1 1955 43.2 29.0 67.1 10.6 51.2 24.4 24.3 24.4 1956 43.3 29.5 68.1 11.3 53.8 26.0 23.7 25.2 1957 44.6 30.0 67.1 12.0 55.5 26.9 24.5 26.0 1958 45.9 29.4 64.1 12.5 56.4 27.3 25.1 26.5 1959 47.8 31.9 66.7 13.1 58.3 27.3 25.5 26.7 1960 48.6 32.5 66.7 13.6 59.8 28.0 25.2 27.0 1961 50.4 33.1 65.7 14.2 61.6 28.1 25.6 27.2 1962 52.7 35.2 66.8 14.8 63.7 28.1 26.4 27.4 1963 54.8 36.8 67.2 15.4 65.2 28.0 26.9 27.6 1964 57.3 39.2 68.3 16.1 67.7 28.2 27.5 27.9 1965 59.4 41.9 70.6 16.8 69.1 28.2 28.6 28.4 1966 61.8 44.8 72.5 17.9 71.7 28.9 29.3 29.1 1967 63.1 45.6 72.3 18.9 73.5 29.9 29.8 29.9 1968 65.4 47.9 73.4 20.4 76.3 31.3 30.6 31.0 1969 65.6 49.4 75.2 21.9 77.4 33.3 30.9 32.4 1970 67.0 49.4 73.7 23.5 78.8 35.1 31.6 33.9 1971 69.9 51.3 73.4 25.0 80.3 35.8 34.4 35.3 1972 72.2 54.7 75.8 26.6 82.7 36.8 35.8 36.5 1973 74.5 58.5 78.5 28.9 84.5 38.8 37.7 38.4 1974 73.2 57.6 78.6 31.7 83.5 43.2 40.0 42.1 1975 75.8 57.0 75.2 34.9 84.3 46.1 46.1 46.1 1976 78.5 60.9 77.6 38.0 86.8 48.4 48.6 48.5 1977 79.8 64.3 80.6 41.0 87.9 51.4 51.5 51.4 1978 80.8 68.3 84.6 44.7 89.6 55.3 54.8 55.1 1979 80.8 70.6 87.4 49.0 89.9 60.7 58.3 59.8 1980 80.6 69.8 86.7 54.3 89.6 67.4 61.5 65.2 1981 82.1 71.7 87.3 59.5 89.7 72.4 69.1 71.2 1982 81.8 69.6 85.1 63.9 91.0 78.2 70.3 75.3 1983 84.7 73.3 86.5 66.6 91.1 78.6 76.4 77.8 1984 87.1 79.7 91.5 69.5 91.4 79.8 80.4 80.0 1985 88.8 83.1 93.5 72.9 92.8 82.1 82.2 82.2 1986 91.5 86.1 94.2 76.7 95.9 83.9 82.7 83.5 1987 91.9 89.2 97.0 79.7 96.3 86.7 83.6 85.6 1988 93.0 92.9 100.0 83.4 97.3 89.8 85.7 88.3 1989 93.9 96.2 102.5 85.7 95.8 91.3 91.9 91.5 1990 95.1 97.6 102.6 90.6 96.4 95.3 93.9 94.8 1991 96.2 96.5 100.3 94.9 97.4 98.7 97.0 98.1 1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1993 100.5 103.1 102.6 102.4 99.9 101.9 102.5 102.2 1994 101.8 108.1 106.2 104.5 99.7 102.6 106.4 104.0 1995 102.5 111.5 108.8 106.7 99.3 104.1 109.5 106.0 1996 105.4 116.4 110.4 110.1 99.7 104.5 113.3 107.7 1997 107.4 122.2 113.8 114.2 101.2 106.4 115.3 109.6 1998 110.5 128.5 116.3 120.4 105.3 109.0 112.8 110.4 1999 114.0 134.6 118.1 126.4 108.3 110.9 112.3 111.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. May 4, 2000 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices Indexes 1992=100 Real Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1947 36.6 20.3 55.4 7.3 42.4 19.9 18.0 19.2 1948 37.6 21.2 56.3 7.9 42.7 21.0 19.6 20.5 1949 38.9 21.0 54.0 8.2 44.5 21.0 20.2 20.7 1950 41.6 23.1 55.7 8.7 46.7 20.8 21.1 20.9 1951 42.6 24.9 58.3 9.4 47.0 22.1 22.7 22.3 1952 43.5 25.6 58.9 9.9 48.7 22.8 22.5 22.7 1953 44.5 26.9 60.3 10.5 51.1 23.6 22.4 23.2 1954 45.4 26.4 58.2 10.8 52.4 23.9 22.5 23.4 1955 47.3 28.6 60.5 11.3 54.6 23.8 23.9 23.8 1956 46.9 29.1 62.0 11.9 57.0 25.4 23.3 24.7 1957 48.1 29.7 61.7 12.6 58.4 26.2 24.0 25.4 1958 49.2 29.1 59.0 13.1 59.1 26.7 24.4 25.9 1959 51.2 31.6 61.8 13.7 61.0 26.7 25.2 26.2 1960 51.8 32.1 62.0 14.3 62.6 27.5 24.6 26.5 1961 53.5 32.8 61.3 14.7 64.1 27.6 25.1 26.7 1962 55.9 35.0 62.6 15.4 66.1 27.5 26.0 26.9 1963 57.9 36.6 63.3 15.9 67.5 27.4 26.5 27.1 1964 60.4 39.1 64.8 16.6 69.7 27.5 27.3 27.5 1965 62.2 41.9 67.3 17.2 70.9 27.6 28.2 27.8 1966 64.4 44.9 69.7 18.2 72.9 28.2 28.9 28.5 1967 65.5 45.7 69.7 19.2 74.8 29.4 29.4 29.4 1968 67.8 48.1 70.9 20.7 77.5 30.6 30.4 30.5 1969 67.9 49.5 73.0 22.2 78.4 32.6 30.5 31.9 1970 68.9 49.5 71.8 23.7 79.5 34.4 31.3 33.3 1971 71.8 51.4 71.6 25.3 81.1 35.2 33.9 34.7 1972 74.2 54.9 74.0 26.9 83.6 36.2 34.9 35.8 1973 76.5 58.9 76.9 29.1 85.1 38.0 35.3 37.0 1974 75.3 58.0 77.0 31.9 84.2 42.4 38.0 40.8 1975 77.4 57.0 73.7 35.2 85.0 45.5 44.6 45.1 1976 80.3 61.1 76.1 38.2 87.3 47.6 47.5 47.6 1977 81.5 64.6 79.2 41.3 88.5 50.7 50.6 50.6 1978 82.7 68.8 83.2 45.0 90.3 54.5 53.3 54.1 1979 82.4 70.9 86.2 49.3 90.5 59.9 56.4 58.7 1980 82.1 70.2 85.5 54.7 90.2 66.6 60.5 64.3 1981 83.2 71.6 86.1 60.0 90.4 72.1 67.6 70.5 1982 82.6 69.4 83.9 64.4 91.8 78.0 69.4 74.8 1983 86.4 73.8 85.5 67.2 91.9 77.8 76.2 77.2 1984 88.2 80.0 90.7 70.0 92.1 79.4 79.3 79.4 1985 89.3 83.0 93.0 73.3 93.2 82.0 81.6 81.9 1986 92.0 86.2 93.7 77.1 96.3 83.7 82.4 83.2 1987 92.3 89.3 96.7 80.0 96.7 86.6 83.1 85.4 1988 93.5 93.3 99.8 83.6 97.4 89.4 85.4 87.9 1989 94.2 96.5 102.4 85.8 95.9 91.1 91.3 91.2 1990 95.3 97.8 102.7 90.5 96.3 95.0 93.6 94.5 1991 96.4 96.6 100.2 94.9 97.4 98.5 97.1 98.0 1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1993 100.5 103.3 102.9 102.1 99.6 101.7 103.0 102.2 1994 101.8 108.2 106.3 104.3 99.5 102.5 107.0 104.1 1995 102.7 111.8 108.9 106.5 99.1 103.7 110.4 106.1 1996 105.4 116.7 110.7 109.8 99.5 104.2 113.5 107.6 1997 107.1 122.4 114.3 113.8 100.8 106.2 116.1 109.8 1998 110.1 128.8 117.0 119.8 104.7 108.7 114.0 110.6 1999 113.5 135.0 119.0 125.4 107.5 110.5 113.6 111.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. May 4, 2000 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix table 3. Nonfinancial corporations: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits, and prices Indexes 1992=100 Output Hourly Real Unit Total Unit Implicit per all- compen- hourly Unit non- unit pro- price employee Employee sation compen labor labor costs fits deflator Year hour Output hours (1) sation(2) costs costs(6) (7) (8) (4) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1958 52.0 25.5 49.2 14.4 64.9 27.8 23.5 26.6 47.3 28.4 1959 54.5 28.4 52.1 15.0 66.9 27.5 22.6 26.1 55.1 28.6 1960 55.5 29.4 52.9 15.6 68.5 28.1 23.3 26.8 50.2 28.8 1961 57.3 30.0 52.4 16.1 70.0 28.1 23.8 26.9 50.3 28.9 1962 59.7 32.5 54.4 16.7 72.0 28.0 23.4 26.8 54.6 29.1 1963 61.9 34.4 55.7 17.3 73.3 27.9 23.3 26.7 57.8 29.3 1964 64.4 36.9 57.2 18.0 75.6 28.0 23.3 26.7 60.2 29.6 1965 65.9 39.9 60.5 18.5 76.5 28.1 23.1 26.8 64.8 30.0 1966 66.9 42.7 63.9 19.5 78.4 29.2 23.2 27.6 64.7 30.7 1967 67.9 43.8 64.5 20.6 80.3 30.4 24.6 28.8 60.5 31.5 1968 70.2 46.6 66.4 22.2 82.8 31.6 26.2 30.2 60.3 32.7 1969 70.2 48.4 69.0 23.7 83.8 33.7 28.3 32.3 54.4 34.1 1970 70.5 48.0 68.0 25.3 84.9 35.9 31.9 34.8 44.4 35.6 1971 73.5 49.9 67.9 26.9 86.4 36.7 33.4 35.8 50.2 37.0 1972 75.4 53.8 71.4 28.5 88.5 37.8 33.5 36.6 54.1 38.1 1973 76.0 57.0 74.9 30.7 89.8 40.4 35.1 38.9 55.5 40.3 1974 74.3 56.0 75.3 33.6 88.5 45.2 40.5 43.9 49.2 44.4 1975 77.2 55.1 71.3 37.0 89.3 47.9 45.9 47.3 64.1 48.8 1976 79.7 59.5 74.6 40.0 91.4 50.2 45.9 49.0 72.3 51.0 1977 81.7 63.8 78.1 43.2 92.6 52.9 47.4 51.4 79.4 53.8 1978 82.4 68.1 82.6 47.0 94.2 57.0 50.0 55.1 82.5 57.4 1979 81.8 70.2 85.8 51.3 94.1 62.7 55.1 60.7 76.7 62.0 1980 81.4 69.2 85.1 56.6 93.4 69.6 65.1 68.4 68.8 68.4 1981 82.9 71.5 86.2 61.8 93.3 74.6 74.8 74.6 82.4 75.3 1982 83.6 70.0 83.7 66.3 94.3 79.2 82.3 80.0 75.0 79.6 1983 86.4 73.3 84.8 68.7 94.1 79.6 81.5 80.1 91.2 81.1 1984 88.8 80.2 90.3 71.7 94.3 80.7 81.1 80.9 108.6 83.2 1985 90.7 83.8 92.5 75.0 95.5 82.7 82.4 82.7 104.2 84.5 1986 92.7 85.9 92.7 78.8 98.5 85.1 85.7 85.3 88.0 85.5 1987 94.7 90.7 95.8 81.7 98.7 86.2 85.3 86.0 98.1 87.0 1988 96.7 95.8 99.1 84.8 98.9 87.7 87.4 87.6 108.0 89.4 1989 95.5 97.4 102.0 87.0 97.2 91.1 94.6 92.0 97.3 92.5 1990 96.0 98.3 102.4 91.4 97.3 95.2 98.0 95.9 94.3 95.8 1991 97.9 97.5 99.6 95.5 98.1 97.5 102.1 98.8 93.0 98.3 1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1993 100.8 103.0 102.3 102.1 99.5 101.3 100.2 101.0 113.2 102.1 1994 103.2 109.6 106.2 104.3 99.5 101.0 101.3 101.1 131.7 103.7 1995 104.2 114.2 109.6 106.2 98.8 101.9 102.2 102.0 139.0 105.1 1996 107.6 119.9 111.5 109.0 98.8 101.4 100.6 101.2 152.2 105.5 1997 110.9 128.0 115.4 113.0 100.1 101.8 99.8 101.3 157.8 106.1 1998 115.4 136.6 118.3 119.0 104.1 103.1 98.8 102.0 151.4 106.1 1999 120.1 144.6 120.4 124.9 107.0 104.0 99.4 102.7 149.5 106.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. May 4, 2000 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics