Internet address: http://stats.bls.gov/lprhome.htm Historical, technical information: (202) 606-5606 Current data: (202) 606-7828 Media contact: (202) 606-5902 USDL 99-320 TRANSMISSION OF THIS MATERIAL IS EMBARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. EST, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 1999. PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS Third Quarter 1999 The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor today reported preliminary productivity data--as measured by output per hour of all persons--for the third quarter of 1999. The preliminary seasonally-adjusted annual rates of productivity growth in the third quarter were: 4.0 percent in the business sector, and 4.2 percent in the nonfarm business sector. In both the business and the nonfarm business sectors, productivity increases in the third quarter were larger than those recorded in the second quarter of 1999 (as revised). In manufacturing, productivity increases in the third quarter were: 3.4 percent in manufacturing, 3.6 percent in durable goods manufacturing, and 4.1 percent in nondurable goods manufacturing. The 3.4 percent rise in manufacturing productivity matches the increase in output; hours of all persons working in the sector were unchanged. Output and hours in manufacturing, which includes about 17 percent of U.S. business sector employment, tend to vary more from quarter to quarter than data for the more aggregate business and nonfarm business sectors. Third-quarter measures are summarized in table A and appear in detail in tables 1 through 5. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: This release of Productivity and Costs incorporates the comprehensive, historical revision of the national income and product accounts for 1959 through second-quarter 1999, produced by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. The BLS also has incorporated the Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) into its measure of real hourly compensation. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Table A. Productivity and costs: Preliminary third-quarter 1999 measures (Seasonally adjusted annual rates) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Real Hourly hourly Unit Produc- compen- compen- labor Sector tivity Output Hours sation sation costs ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Percent change from preceding quarter Business 4.0 5.4 1.4 4.7 2.0 0.7 Nonfarm business 4.2 5.7 1.5 4.8 2.2 0.6 Manufacturing 3.4 3.4 0.0 6.2 3.5 2.7 Durable 3.6 7.2 3.5 5.7 3.0 2.1 Nondurable 4.1 -1.2 -5.1 6.3 3.6 2.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Percent change from same quarter a year ago Business 3.0 4.6 1.6 4.9 2.6 1.9 Nonfarm business 2.9 4.7 1.8 4.6 2.3 1.7 Manufacturing 4.9 3.4 -1.4 4.8 2.5 -0.1 Durable 7.3 6.2 -1.0 4.7 2.4 -2.4 Nondurable 2.0 -0.1 -2.1 4.9 2.6 2.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The data sources and methods used in the preparation of the manufacturing series differ from those used in preparing the business and nonfarm business series, and these measures are not directly comparable. Output measures for business and nonfarm business are based on measures of gross domestic product prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce. Quarterly output measures for manufacturing reflect indexes of industrial production independently prepared by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. See Technical Notes for further information on data sources. Business From the second quarter to the third quarter of 1999, business sector productivity increased at a 4.0 percent annual rate. Output rose 5.4 percent, while hours of all persons engaged in the sector went up 1.4 percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). After revisions, second-quarter productivity in the business sector rose 0.8 percent, as output increased 1.9 percent and hours rose 1.0 percent (tables B and 1). Hourly compensation increased at an annual rate of 4.7 percent during the third quarter of 1999, increasing at this rate or greater for nine consecutive quarters. This measure includes wages and salaries, supplements, employer contributions to employee benefit plans, and taxes. Real hourly compensation, which takes into account changes in consumer prices, increased 2.0 percent in the third quarter, after rising 1.5 percent in the second quarter of 1999. Unit labor costs, which reflect changes in both hourly compensation and productivity, increased at a 0.7 percent annual rate during the third quarter. During the previous quarter, these costs had risen 4.2 percent. The implicit price deflator for the business sector increased at a 0.5 percent annual rate in the third quarter and at a 1.1 percent rate in the second quarter of 1999. Nonfarm business Productivity rose 4.2 percent in the nonfarm business sector during the third quarter of 1999. The increase in labor productivity in the third quarter occurred as output rose 5.7 percent and hours of all persons grew by 1.5 percent. In the previous quarter, productivity had risen 0.6 percent, as output grew 1.8 percent and hours increased 1.3 percent (table 2). Hourly compensation increased at a 4.8 percent annual rate in both the second and third quarters of 1999. When the rise in consumer prices is taken into account, real hourly compensation rose at a 2.2 percent annual rate during the July-September period. During the second quarter of 1999, real hourly compensation had risen 1.2 percent. Unit labor costs increased 0.6 percent during the third quarter of 1999. In the second quarter, unit labor costs in the nonfarm business sector rose 4.2 percent. The implicit price deflator for nonfarm business output rose 0.7 percent in the third quarter. Manufacturing Productivity increased 3.4 percent in manufacturing in the third quarter of 1999, as output also rose 3.4 percent and hours of all persons were unchanged (seasonally adjusted annual rates). This marked the first time that hours in manufacturing did not decline since the first quarter of 1998. In the durable goods sector, third-quarter productivity rose by 3.6 percent, as output increased 7.2 percent and hours of all persons rose 3.5 percent. In the nondurable goods sector, labor productivity rose by 4.1 percent, as hours fell faster than output. Output dropped 1.2 percent, and hours of all persons decreased 5.1 percent (tables 3, 4, and 5). Hourly compensation of manufacturing workers increased an average of 6.2 percent during the third quarter, after rising 5.8 percent in the previous quarter (seasonally adjusted annual rates). In the third quarter, hourly compensation grew 5.7 percent in durable goods and 6.3 percent in nondurable goods. When the increase in consumer prices is taken into account, real hourly compensation in total manufacturing rose 3.5 percent in the third quarter. Unit labor costs increased 2.7 percent in the third quarter of 1999. The rise in unit labor costs in the second quarter was 1.2 percent. Revised Measures Current and previous measures for the second quarter of 1999 for the business, nonfarm business, and manufacturing sectors are compared in table B. In the business and nonfarm business sectors, the quarterly movements in output per hour and output are unchanged. Hourly compensation and unit labor costs are slightly lower than reported on Sept. 2, based on information then available. Productivity and output movements in the manufacturing sector were revised slightly downward based on newer information from the Federal Reserve Board's Indexes of Industrial Production. Hourly compensation and unit labor costs in manufacturing also were revised downward based on the most recent information available. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Table B. Previous and revised productivity and related measures Quarterly percent change at seasonally adjusted annual rate ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Real Hourly hourly Unit Produc- compen- compen- labor Sector tivity Output Hours sation sation costs ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Second quarter 1999 Business: Previous 0.8 1.9 1.0 5.4 1.8 4.5 Current 0.8 1.9 1.0 5.1 1.5 4.2 Nonfarm business: Previous 0.6 1.8 1.2 5.1 1.5 4.5 Current 0.6 1.8 1.3 4.8 1.2 4.2 Manufacturing: Previous 4.8 4.2 -0.6 6.1 2.5 1.3 Current 4.5 4.0 -0.5 5.8 2.2 1.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Revised measures: Nonfinancial Corporations Second-quarter 1999 productivity and cost measures for nonfinancial corporations also were revised to incorporate more recent information than was available on Sept. 2. Productivity and output were revised up, unit labor costs were revised down, and hours growth was unchanged. Productivity grew at an annual rate of 3.2 percent, compared with the previously published growth of 2.7 percent. Unit profits showed less of a decline than originally reported (tables C and 6). ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table C. Nonfinancial corporations: Previous and revised productivity and cost measures Quarterly percent changes at seasonally adjusted annual rates ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Real Hourly hourly Unit Implicit Produc- compen- compen- labor Unit price tivity Output Hours sation sation costs profits deflator ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Second quarter 1999 Previous 2.7 3.7 1.0 5.1 1.5 2.3 -5.9 1.0 Current 3.2 4.2 1.0 4.8 1.3 1.6 -2.6 1.1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Historical revisions The comprehensive revisions made to the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPAs) for 1959 through second-quarter 1999 by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce on Oct. 28 are reflected in the data in this news release. As a result of these comprehensive revisions, the productivity and cost measures included in this release incorporate new information on current dollar output levels, prices, employee compensation, and employment trends. Appendix tables 1, 2, and 6 show revised annual productivity and related indexes from 1959 forward for the business, nonfarm business, and nonfinancial corporate sectors. Currently, there is no projected date for the availability of productivity and costs measures for the 1947-58 period. Appendix tables 3-5 show annual indexes for productivity and related measures for the manufacturing sectors. The annual productivity measures for manufacturing are unaffected by the BEA revisions; appendix tables 3-5 reflect historical revisions in hourly compensation measures and unit labor costs. The long-term rates of productivity change for business, nonfarm business, and nonfinancial corporations have been affected by the above revisions. The compound annual rate of growth of business output per hour for 1979-98 is 1.7 percent (compared with 1.3 percent prior to the revision). For the same period, output per hour grew at a 1.6 percent rate for nonfarm business (up from 1.1 percent) and at a 2.3 percent rate for nonfinancial corporations (up from 1.9 percent). This release also incorporates the Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) into its measure of real hourly compensation. Information on this series is available in "CPI research series using current methods, 1978-98," Monthly Labor Review, June 1999. As a result of this change and the historical revisions to the compensation data, growth trends in real hourly compensation in all sectors have increased. The compound annual rate of growth in real hourly compensation for the business and nonfarm business sectors for 1979-98 is 0.8 percent (compared with a rise of 0.4 percent in both sectors prior to the revisions). In nonfinancial corporations, real hourly compensation grew 0.5 percent for the 1979-98 period (up from 0.1 percent). The trend for manufacturing for the 1979-98 period is 0.7 percent (up from 0.4 percent); durable goods manufacturing grew 0.6 percent (up from 0.2 percent), and nondurable goods manufacturing grew 0.9 percent (up from 0.7 percent). Next release date The next release of Productivity and Costs is scheduled for 8:30 AM EST, Tuesday, Dec. 7, 1999. Third-quarter measures for nonfinancial corporations and revised third-quarter measures for business, nonfarm business, and manufacturing will be released at that time. TECHNICAL NOTES Labor Hours: Hours data for the labor productivity and costs measures include hours for all persons working in the sector-wage and salary workers, the self- employed, and unpaid family workers. The primary source of hours and employment data is the BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) program, which provides monthly survey data on the number of jobs held by wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments. The CES also provides average weekly paid hours of production and nonsupervisory workers in these establishments. Average weekly paid hours of nonproduction and supervisory workers are estimated by the Office of Productivity and Technology. Weekly paid hours are adjusted to hours at work using the BLS Hours at Work survey, conducted for this purpose. Data from the BLS Current Population Survey (CPS) are used for farm labor; in the nonfarm sector, the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) of the Department of Commerce and the CPS are used to measure labor input for government enterprises, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Output: Business sector output is an annual-weighted index constructed after excluding from gross domestic product (GDP) the following outputs: General government, nonprofit institutions, paid employees of private households, and the rental value of owner-occupied dwellings. Corresponding exclusions also are made in labor inputs. Business output accounted for about 77 percent of the value of GDP in 1996. Nonfarm business, which also excludes farming, accounted for about 76 percent of GDP in 1996. Annual indexes for manufacturing and its durable and nondurable goods components are constructed by deflating current-dollar industry value of production data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census with deflators from the BEA. These deflators are based on data from the BLS producer price program and other sources. The industry shipments are aggregated using annual weights, and intrasector transactions are removed. Quarterly manufacturing output measures are based on the index of industrial production prepared monthly by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System adjusted to be consistent with annual indexes of manufacturing sector output prepared by BLS. Durables include the following 2-digit SIC industries: Primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; nonelectrical machinery; industrial and commercial machinery and computer equipment; electronic and other electrical equipment; transportation equipment; instruments; lumber and lumber products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass and concrete products; and miscellaneous manufactures. Nondurables include: Food and kindred products, tobacco products, textile mill products, apparel products, paper and allied products, printing and publishing, chemicals and chemical products, petroleum refining and related industries, rubber and plastic products, and leather and leather products. Nonfinancial corporate output is an annual-weighted index constructed by excluding from GDP the following outputs: General government; nonprofit institutions; employees of private households; the rental value of owner- occupied dwellings; unincorporated business; and those corporations which are depository institutions, nondepository institutions, security and commodity brokers, insurance carriers, regulated investment offices, small business investment offices, and real estate investment trusts. Nonfinancial corporations accounted for about 54 percent of the value of GDP in 1996. Productivity: These productivity measures describe the relationship between real output and the labor time involved in its production. They show the changes from period to period in the amount of goods and services produced per hour. Although these measures relate output to hours at work of all persons engaged in a sector, they do not measure the specific contribution of labor, capital, or any other factor of production. Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many influences, including changes in technology; capital investment; level of output; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; the organization of production; managerial skill; and the characteristics and effort of the work force. Information in this release will be made available to sensory- impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT; TDD phone: 202-606-5897; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-326-2577. Table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1997 I r106.3 r120.0 112.9 r112.5 r100.1 r105.9 r114.5 r109.1 II r107.1 r121.8 113.7 r113.2 r100.4 r105.7 r115.9 r109.5 III r108.1 r123.2 114.0 r114.6 r101.2 r106.0 r116.0 r109.7 IV r108.4 r124.4 114.7 r116.4 r102.4 r107.4 r114.1 r109.9 ANNUAL r107.5 r122.3 113.8 r114.2 r101.1 r106.2 r115.1 r109.5 1998 I r109.7 r126.9 115.7 r117.8 r103.4 r107.5 r114.2 r110.0 II r109.8 r127.5 116.1 r119.4 r104.4 r108.8 r112.6 r110.2 III r110.7 r128.9 116.4 r121.2 r105.6 r109.5 r112.1 r110.4 IV r111.9 r131.2 117.2 r122.7 r106.5 r109.6 r112.1 r110.5 ANNUAL r110.5 r128.6 r116.4 r120.3 r105.1 r108.8 r112.7 r110.3 1999 I r112.7 r132.5 117.5 r124.2 r107.4 r110.2 r112.1 r110.9 II r113.0 r133.1 117.8 r125.7 r107.8 r111.3 r110.9 r111.2 III 114.1 134.9 118.2 127.2 108.4 111.5 111.0 111.3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1997 I r1.3 r5.8 4.4 r3.4 1.0 r2.1 r2.4 r2.2 II r3.4 r6.2 2.7 r2.6 r1.5 r-0.7 r4.9 1.4 III r3.6 r4.8 1.1 r4.8 r3.0 r1.1 r0.2 r0.8 IV r1.2 r3.9 r2.7 r6.7 r4.8 r5.4 r-6.2 r0.7 ANNUAL r2.2 r5.4 3.1 r3.7 r1.5 r1.5 r1.4 r1.5 1998 I r4.6 r8.1 r3.4 r4.9 r4.2 r0.3 r0.4 r0.4 II r0.6 r2.2 1.6 r5.5 r3.9 r4.9 r-5.6 r0.8 III r3.4 r4.4 0.9 r6.1 r4.7 r2.6 r-1.9 r0.9 IV 4.3 r7.2 r2.8 r4.9 r3.3 r0.6 r-0.1 r0.4 ANNUAL r2.8 r5.1 2.2 r5.3 r3.9 r2.4 r-2.1 r0.7 1999 I r3.0 r3.9 0.9 r4.9 3.6 r1.9 r0.2 r1.3 II 0.8 1.9 1.0 r5.1 r1.5 r4.2 r-4.1 r1.1 III 4.0 5.4 1.4 4.7 2.0 0.7 0.3 0.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1997 I r2.1 r5.5 3.4 r3.6 r0.8 r1.5 r1.7 r1.6 II r1.7 r5.1 3.3 3.2 r1.0 r1.4 r1.7 r1.5 III r2.6 r5.7 3.0 r3.5 r1.4 r0.9 2.1 r1.4 IV r2.4 r5.2 2.7 r4.4 r2.6 r1.9 r0.2 r1.3 ANNUAL r2.2 r5.4 3.1 r3.7 r1.5 r1.5 r1.4 r1.5 1998 I r3.2 r5.8 r2.5 r4.7 r3.4 1.5 r-0.3 r0.8 II r2.5 r4.7 r2.2 r5.5 r4.0 r2.9 r-2.8 r0.7 III r2.4 r4.6 2.1 r5.8 r4.4 r3.3 r-3.4 r0.7 IV r3.2 r5.5 2.2 r5.4 r4.0 r2.1 r-1.8 r0.6 ANNUAL r2.8 r5.1 2.2 r5.3 r3.9 r2.4 r-2.1 r0.7 1999 I r2.8 r4.4 1.6 r5.4 r3.8 r2.5 r-1.9 r0.8 II r2.9 r4.3 1.4 r5.3 r3.2 r2.3 r-1.5 r0.9 III 3.0 4.6 1.6 4.9 2.6 1.9 -0.9 0.8 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1997 I r106.1 r120.2 113.3 r112.2 r99.8 r105.7 r115.0 r109.1 II r106.9 r122.0 114.1 r112.9 r100.1 r105.6 r116.6 r109.6 III r107.8 r123.4 r114.5 r114.1 r100.8 r105.8 r117.0 r109.9 IV r108.1 r124.6 115.3 r115.9 r101.9 r107.2 r115.3 r110.1 ANNUAL r107.2 r122.5 114.3 r113.8 r100.7 r106.1 r115.9 r109.7 1998 I r109.3 r127.1 116.3 r117.2 r102.9 r107.3 r115.8 r110.4 II r109.5 r127.9 r116.8 r118.8 r103.9 r108.5 r114.1 r110.5 III r110.4 r129.3 117.1 r120.6 r105.1 r109.3 r113.1 r110.7 IV r111.5 r131.6 118.0 r122.0 r105.9 r109.4 r112.7 r110.6 ANNUAL r110.2 r129.0 r117.1 r119.7 r104.5 r108.6 r113.9 r110.5 1999 I r112.2 r132.9 r118.4 r123.3 r106.6 r109.8 r113.1 r111.0 II r112.4 r133.5 118.7 r124.7 r106.9 r111.0 r112.2 r111.4 III 113.6 135.3 119.2 126.2 107.5 111.1 112.4 111.6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1997 I r0.9 r5.5 4.5 r3.6 1.2 r2.7 r2.2 r2.5 II r3.3 r6.2 2.8 r2.6 r1.5 r-0.6 r5.7 r1.7 III r3.3 r4.6 r1.3 r4.4 r2.6 r1.0 r1.3 r1.1 IV r1.2 r4.1 2.9 r6.4 r4.5 r5.1 r-5.7 r0.8 ANNUAL r2.0 r5.3 r3.3 r3.6 r1.4 r1.6 r1.9 r1.7 1998 I r4.4 r8.3 3.7 r4.8 r4.1 r0.4 r1.8 r0.9 II r0.9 r2.4 1.4 r5.6 r3.9 r4.6 r-5.8 r0.5 III r3.1 r4.4 1.2 r6.2 r4.7 r3.0 r-3.2 r0.6 IV 4.1 r7.3 3.1 r4.6 r2.9 r0.5 r-1.6 r-0.3 ANNUAL r2.8 r5.2 2.4 r5.2 r3.8 r2.4 r-1.8 r0.8 1999 I r2.7 r4.0 1.3 r4.2 r2.8 r1.4 r1.5 r1.5 II 0.6 1.8 r1.3 r4.8 r1.2 r4.2 r-3.1 r1.4 III 4.2 5.7 1.5 4.8 2.2 0.6 0.9 0.7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1997 I r1.8 r5.4 3.6 r3.5 r0.7 r1.7 r1.8 r1.7 II r1.5 r5.1 r3.5 r3.1 r1.0 r1.6 r2.2 r1.8 III r2.3 r5.5 3.1 r3.5 r1.4 r1.1 r2.9 r1.8 IV r2.2 r5.1 r2.9 r4.2 r2.4 r2.0 r0.8 r1.5 ANNUAL r2.0 r5.3 r3.3 r3.6 r1.4 r1.6 r1.9 r1.7 1998 I r3.0 r5.8 r2.7 r4.5 r3.2 1.5 r0.7 r1.2 II r2.4 r4.8 2.3 r5.3 r3.8 r2.8 r-2.2 r0.9 III r2.4 r4.8 2.3 r5.7 r4.3 r3.3 r-3.3 r0.7 IV r3.1 r5.6 r2.4 r5.3 r3.9 r2.1 r-2.3 r0.5 ANNUAL r2.8 r5.2 2.4 r5.2 r3.8 r2.4 r-1.8 r0.8 1999 I 2.7 4.5 1.7 r5.1 r3.6 r2.4 r-2.3 0.6 II r2.6 r4.4 1.7 r4.9 r2.9 r2.3 r-1.6 r0.8 III 2.9 4.7 1.8 4.6 2.3 1.7 -0.6 0.8 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1997 I 116.7 122.5 105.0 r111.8 r99.5 r95.8 II 118.0 124.5 105.5 r112.6 99.9 r95.4 III 120.4 126.8 105.3 r113.6 r100.3 r94.4 IV 121.6 129.1 106.2 r115.5 r101.5 r95.0 ANNUAL 119.2 125.7 105.5 r113.4 r100.4 r95.1 1998 I 122.1 129.9 106.4 r117.0 r102.7 r95.9 II 123.2 130.7 106.1 r118.6 r103.7 r96.3 III 124.6 130.8 105.0 r120.6 r105.1 r96.8 IV 126.2 132.4 104.9 121.4 r105.4 96.2 ANNUAL 124.0 130.9 105.6 r119.4 r104.3 r96.3 1999 I 128.2 132.9 103.7 r122.8 r106.2 r95.8 II r129.6 134.2 103.5 r124.5 r106.8 r96.1 III 130.7 135.3 103.5 126.4 107.7 96.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1997 I 4.1 7.2 3.0 r5.5 r3.0 r1.3 II 4.7 6.6 1.8 r2.9 r1.8 r-1.7 III 8.4 7.7 -0.6 r3.6 r1.8 r-4.4 IV 4.1 7.5 3.3 r6.8 r4.9 r2.6 ANNUAL 4.7 6.5 1.8 r3.7 r1.5 r-0.9 1998 I 1.5 2.4 0.9 r5.4 r4.7 r3.9 II 3.7 2.5 -1.2 r5.4 r3.8 r1.7 III 4.8 0.4 -4.1 r6.9 r5.4 r2.0 IV 5.3 4.8 -0.5 r2.9 r1.2 r-2.3 ANNUAL 4.0 4.2 0.1 r5.3 r3.9 r1.2 1999 I 6.3 1.6 -4.5 r4.5 r3.1 r-1.8 II r4.5 r4.0 r-0.5 r5.8 r2.2 r1.2 III 3.4 3.4 0.0 6.2 3.5 2.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1997 I 4.2 6.7 2.4 r3.1 r0.3 r-1.1 II 4.2 5.9 1.6 r3.3 r1.2 r-0.9 III 5.0 6.3 1.2 r3.7 1.6 r-1.3 IV 5.3 7.3 1.9 r4.7 r2.9 r-0.6 ANNUAL 4.7 6.5 1.8 r3.7 r1.5 r-0.9 1998 I 4.6 6.0 1.4 r4.7 r3.3 r0.0 II 4.4 5.0 0.6 r5.3 r3.8 r0.9 III 3.5 3.2 -0.3 r6.1 r4.7 r2.5 IV 3.8 2.5 -1.2 r5.1 r3.8 r1.3 ANNUAL 4.0 4.2 0.1 r5.3 r3.9 r1.2 1999 I 5.0 2.3 -2.6 r4.9 r3.4 r-0.1 II r5.2 2.7 -2.4 r5.0 r3.0 r-0.2 III 4.9 3.4 -1.4 4.8 2.5 -0.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1997 I 125.0 136.9 109.5 r109.4 r97.3 r87.5 II 127.3 140.3 110.2 r110.2 97.7 r86.5 III 131.0 144.6 110.4 r110.9 r98.0 r84.7 IV 133.4 148.3 111.2 r113.2 r99.5 r84.8 ANNUAL 129.2 142.5 110.3 r110.9 r98.2 r85.8 1998 I 133.8 149.6 111.8 r114.7 r100.7 r85.7 II 135.8 151.3 111.4 r116.2 r101.6 85.6 III 138.7 153.1 110.4 r118.3 r103.0 r85.3 IV 141.6 156.3 110.4 r118.9 r103.2 r84.0 ANNUAL 137.5 152.6 111.0 r117.0 r102.2 r85.1 1999 I 144.6 157.1 108.7 r120.3 r104.0 r83.2 II r147.5 159.8 r108.4 r122.1 r104.7 r82.8 III 148.8 162.6 109.3 123.9 105.5 83.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1997 I 4.4 10.4 5.8 r5.6 r3.1 r1.1 II 7.6 10.4 2.6 r2.8 r1.6 r-4.5 III 12.1 12.8 0.6 r2.8 r1.1 r-8.3 IV 7.4 10.7 3.0 r8.3 r6.3 r0.8 ANNUAL 6.3 9.4 2.9 r3.3 r1.1 r-2.8 1998 I 1.3 3.5 2.2 r5.5 r4.8 r4.2 II 6.1 4.6 -1.4 r5.5 r3.8 r-0.6 III 8.8 4.8 -3.7 r7.2 r5.7 r-1.4 IV 8.6 8.6 0.0 r2.2 r0.6 r-5.9 ANNUAL 6.4 7.0 0.6 r5.5 r4.1 r-0.8 1999 I 8.6 2.1 -6.0 r4.6 r3.2 r-3.7 II r8.4 r7.2 -1.1 r6.5 r2.8 r-1.8 III 3.6 7.2 3.5 5.7 3.0 2.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1997 I 5.3 9.3 3.8 r2.3 r-0.4 r-2.8 II 5.3 8.1 2.6 r2.9 r0.7 r-2.3 III 6.8 9.3 2.3 r3.2 r1.1 r-3.4 IV 7.8 11.1 3.0 r4.8 r3.0 r-2.8 ANNUAL 6.3 9.4 2.9 r3.3 r1.1 r-2.8 1998 I 7.0 9.3 2.1 4.8 r3.4 r-2.1 II 6.6 7.8 1.1 r5.5 r4.0 r-1.1 III 5.9 5.9 0.0 r6.6 r5.2 r0.7 IV 6.1 5.4 -0.7 r5.1 r3.7 r-1.0 ANNUAL 6.4 7.0 0.6 r5.5 r4.1 r-0.8 1999 I 8.0 5.0 -2.8 r4.8 r3.3 r-2.9 II 8.6 5.6 -2.7 r5.1 r3.1 r-3.2 III 7.3 6.2 -1.0 4.7 2.4 -2.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1997 I 109.8 108.8 99.0 r114.8 102.1 r104.5 II 110.2 109.3 99.2 r115.7 r102.6 r105.0 III 111.3 109.7 98.6 r117.0 r103.3 r105.1 IV 111.3 110.7 99.5 r118.2 r104.0 r106.2 ANNUAL 110.7 109.6 99.1 r116.4 r103.0 r105.2 1998 I 111.8 111.0 99.3 r119.7 r105.1 r107.0 II 112.0 111.0 99.1 r121.3 r106.1 r108.3 III 112.0 109.6 97.9 r123.1 r107.3 r109.9 IV 112.5 109.7 97.5 r124.3 r107.9 r110.5 ANNUAL 112.1 110.3 98.4 r122.1 r106.6 r108.9 1999 I 113.3 109.9 97.0 r125.7 r108.7 r111.0 II r113.2 r109.9 97.1 r127.2 r109.1 r112.4 III 114.3 109.6 95.8 129.2 110.1 113.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1997 I 4.3 3.4 -0.9 r4.8 r2.3 r0.5 II 1.3 1.9 0.7 r3.1 r1.9 r1.8 III 4.2 1.7 -2.4 r4.6 r2.9 r0.4 IV -0.1 3.6 3.7 r4.4 r2.5 r4.5 ANNUAL 3.0 3.1 0.1 r4.1 r1.9 r1.1 1998 I 2.0 1.1 -0.9 r5.0 r4.3 r3.0 II 0.7 -0.2 -0.9 r5.4 r3.8 r4.8 III 0.1 -4.7 -4.7 r6.2 r4.8 r6.2 IV 1.5 0.2 -1.3 r3.9 r2.2 r2.3 ANNUAL 1.3 0.6 -0.6 r4.9 r3.5 r3.6 1999 I 3.0 0.8 -2.1 r4.6 r3.2 r1.5 II r-0.4 r-0.1 r0.3 r4.9 r1.3 5.3 III 4.1 -1.2 -5.1 6.3 3.6 2.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1997 I 3.3 3.7 0.4 r4.0 r1.2 r0.7 II 3.2 3.4 0.2 r3.9 r1.7 r0.7 III 3.1 2.6 -0.5 r4.2 r2.1 r1.1 IV 2.4 2.6 0.2 r4.2 r2.4 r1.8 ANNUAL 3.0 3.1 0.1 r4.1 r1.9 r1.1 1998 I 1.8 2.1 0.2 r4.3 r2.9 r2.4 II 1.7 1.5 -0.1 r4.9 r3.4 r3.2 III 0.6 -0.1 -0.7 r5.3 r3.9 r4.6 IV 1.1 -0.9 -2.0 5.1 r3.8 4.0 ANNUAL 1.3 0.6 -0.6 r4.9 r3.5 r3.6 1999 I 1.3 -1.0 -2.3 r5.0 r3.5 r3.7 II r1.0 r-1.0 -2.0 r4.9 2.9 3.8 III 2.0 -0.1 -2.1 4.9 2.6 2.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 6. Nonfinancial corporations: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits, and prices, seasonally adjusted Output Hourly Real Unit Total Unit Implicit Year per all- compen- hourly Unit non- unit pro- price and employee Employee sation compen- labor labor costs fits deflator quarter hour Output hours (1) sation(2) costs costs(6) (7) (8) (4) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1997 I r110.1 r125.5 r114.0 r111.2 r98.9 r101.0 r99.8 r100.7 r155.6 r105.3 II r110.7 r127.5 r115.1 r112.0 r99.3 r101.1 r99.9 r100.8 r156.2 r105.4 III r112.4 r130.2 r115.8 r113.3 r100.0 r100.7 r99.2 r100.3 r161.1 r105.4 IV r113.2 r132.3 116.9 115.1 r101.2 r101.6 r98.6 r100.8 r155.3 r105.3 ANNUAL r111.7 r128.9 115.4 r113.0 r100.0 r101.1 r99.4 r100.6 r157.1 r105.3 1998 I r114.2 r134.6 117.8 r116.4 r102.2 r101.9 r98.0 r100.8 r153.7 r105.2 II r115.3 r136.3 118.1 r118.0 r103.2 r102.3 r98.2 r101.2 r150.1 r105.2 III r117.0 r138.7 118.6 r119.8 r104.4 r102.4 r98.0 r101.2 r152.6 r105.5 IV r117.9 r140.6 119.3 r121.3 r105.3 r102.9 r99.2 r101.8 r145.3 r105.5 ANNUAL r116.2 r137.5 118.4 r119.0 r103.9 r102.4 r98.4 r101.3 r150.4 r105.3 1999 I r119.1 r142.6 119.7 r122.7 r106.1 r103.0 r98.4 r101.7 r149.5 r105.7 II r120.0 r144.1 120.0 r124.2 r106.5 r103.4 r98.8 102.1 r148.5 r106.0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1997 I r1.8 r6.1 4.3 r3.6 r1.2 r1.8 r-0.3 r1.2 r4.6 1.6 II r2.3 r6.4 4.0 r2.7 r1.5 r0.3 r0.5 r0.4 r1.6 r0.5 III r6.3 r8.9 2.5 r4.7 r2.9 r-1.5 r-2.6 -1.8 r13.0 r-0.1 IV r2.8 r6.4 3.5 r6.5 r4.6 r3.6 r-2.5 r1.9 r-13.6 r-0.2 ANNUAL r3.0 r6.6 r3.5 r3.6 r1.4 r0.6 r-0.7 r0.2 r3.7 0.6 1998 I r3.7 r7.1 r3.3 r4.8 r4.1 r1.1 r-2.6 r0.0 r-4.1 r-0.5 II r3.9 r5.1 r1.2 r5.7 r4.1 r1.7 r0.9 r1.5 r-9.1 r0.2 III r5.9 r7.5 1.5 r6.3 r4.8 r0.4 r-0.7 r0.1 r6.8 r0.9 IV r3.2 r5.6 2.3 r4.9 r3.3 r1.7 r4.9 r2.6 r-17.8 r-0.1 ANNUAL r4.0 r6.7 2.6 r5.3 r3.9 r1.3 -1.0 0.6 r-4.3 r0.0 1999 I r4.1 r5.7 1.6 r4.7 r3.3 r0.6 r-3.4 r-0.5 r12.0 r0.8 II r3.2 r4.2 1.0 r4.8 r1.3 r1.6 r1.8 r1.6 r-2.6 r1.1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1997 I r2.6 r6.2 3.5 r3.5 r0.7 r0.8 r-0.6 r0.4 r4.0 0.8 II r2.5 r6.2 r3.5 3.1 r0.9 r0.6 r-0.2 r0.4 r3.4 0.7 III r3.6 r7.2 3.5 r3.5 r1.4 r-0.1 r-0.6 r-0.3 r6.4 r0.6 IV r3.3 r7.0 3.6 r4.3 r2.5 r1.0 r-1.2 r0.4 r0.9 r0.5 ANNUAL r3.0 r6.6 r3.5 r3.6 r1.4 r0.6 r-0.7 r0.2 r3.7 0.6 1998 I r3.8 r7.2 3.3 r4.6 r3.3 r0.8 r-1.8 r0.1 r-1.2 -0.1 II r4.1 r6.9 2.6 r5.4 r3.9 1.2 -1.7 r0.4 r-3.9 -0.1 III r4.0 r6.5 r2.4 r5.8 r4.4 r1.7 r-1.2 r0.9 r-5.3 r0.1 IV r4.1 r6.3 r2.1 r5.4 r4.1 r1.2 r0.6 r1.1 r-6.5 r0.1 ANNUAL r4.0 r6.7 2.6 r5.3 r3.9 r1.3 -1.0 0.6 r-4.3 r0.0 1999 I r4.3 r6.0 r1.7 r5.4 r3.9 r1.1 r0.4 r0.9 r-2.8 r0.5 II r4.1 r5.7 1.6 r5.2 r3.2 r1.1 r0.6 r0.9 r-1.1 r0.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices Indexes 1992=100 Real Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1959 47.2 31.5 66.7 13.1 58.5 27.7 25.8 27.0 1960 48.0 32.1 66.7 13.6 59.9 28.4 25.5 27.3 1961 49.8 32.7 65.7 14.2 61.7 28.5 25.9 27.5 1962 52.1 34.8 66.8 14.8 63.9 28.4 26.7 27.8 1963 54.1 36.4 67.2 15.4 65.3 28.4 27.3 28.0 1964 56.6 38.7 68.3 16.1 67.8 28.5 27.8 28.3 1965 58.6 41.4 70.6 16.8 69.3 28.6 29.0 28.7 1966 61.0 44.2 72.5 17.9 71.8 29.3 29.7 29.4 1967 62.3 45.0 72.3 18.9 73.7 30.3 30.2 30.3 1968 64.5 47.3 73.4 20.4 76.5 31.7 31.0 31.4 1969 64.8 48.8 75.2 21.9 77.6 33.7 31.3 32.8 1970 66.2 48.8 73.7 23.5 79.0 35.6 32.0 34.3 1971 68.8 50.5 73.4 25.0 80.5 36.4 34.9 35.8 1972 71.0 53.8 75.8 26.6 82.9 37.5 36.4 37.1 1973 73.1 57.5 78.5 28.9 84.7 39.5 38.4 39.1 1974 72.2 56.8 78.6 31.7 83.7 43.8 40.6 42.6 1975 74.8 56.3 75.2 34.9 84.5 46.7 46.7 46.7 1976 77.2 59.9 77.6 38.0 87.0 49.2 49.4 49.3 1977 78.4 63.2 80.6 41.0 88.1 52.3 52.5 52.4 1978 79.5 67.2 84.6 44.7 89.7 56.2 55.7 56.0 1979 79.7 69.7 87.4 49.0 90.0 61.5 59.0 60.6 1980 79.8 69.1 86.7 54.3 89.7 68.1 62.1 65.9 1981 81.4 71.0 87.3 59.5 89.8 73.1 69.8 71.9 1982 81.2 69.1 85.1 63.9 91.1 78.8 70.8 75.8 1983 84.0 72.6 86.5 66.6 91.2 79.3 77.1 78.5 1984 86.4 79.0 91.5 69.5 91.5 80.5 81.1 80.7 1985 88.1 82.4 93.5 72.9 92.8 82.8 82.9 82.8 1986 90.7 85.4 94.2 76.7 95.9 84.6 83.4 84.1 1987 91.3 88.6 97.0 79.7 96.3 87.3 84.1 86.1 1988 92.4 92.4 100.0 83.4 97.3 90.3 86.2 88.8 1989 93.3 95.6 102.5 85.7 95.8 91.9 92.5 92.1 1990 94.5 97.0 102.6 90.6 96.4 95.9 94.6 95.4 1991 95.9 96.1 100.3 94.9 97.4 99.0 97.4 98.4 1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1993 100.1 102.7 102.6 102.4 99.9 102.3 102.9 102.5 1994 101.4 107.7 106.2 104.5 99.7 103.0 106.9 104.4 1995 102.2 111.1 108.8 106.7 99.1 104.4 109.8 106.4 1996 105.2 116.1 110.4 110.1 99.6 104.7 113.5 107.9 1997 107.5 122.3 113.8 114.2 101.1 106.2 115.1 109.5 1998 110.5 128.6 116.4 120.3 105.1 108.8 112.7 110.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices Indexes 1992=100 Real Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1959 50.5 31.2 61.8 13.7 61.1 27.0 25.5 26.5 1960 51.2 31.7 62.0 14.3 62.8 27.9 24.9 26.8 1961 52.8 32.4 61.3 14.7 64.3 27.9 25.4 27.0 1962 55.2 34.6 62.6 15.4 66.2 27.8 26.3 27.3 1963 57.2 36.2 63.3 15.9 67.6 27.8 26.9 27.5 1964 59.6 38.6 64.8 16.6 69.9 27.9 27.6 27.8 1965 61.4 41.3 67.3 17.2 71.0 28.0 28.6 28.2 1966 63.6 44.3 69.7 18.2 73.0 28.6 29.3 28.9 1967 64.6 45.1 69.7 19.2 75.0 29.7 29.8 29.8 1968 66.9 47.5 70.9 20.7 77.6 31.0 30.8 30.9 1969 67.1 48.9 73.0 22.2 78.6 33.0 30.9 32.3 1970 68.0 48.9 71.8 23.7 79.7 34.9 31.7 33.7 1971 70.7 50.6 71.6 25.3 81.3 35.7 34.5 35.3 1972 73.0 54.0 74.0 26.9 83.8 36.8 35.5 36.4 1973 75.2 57.8 76.9 29.1 85.3 38.7 36.0 37.7 1974 74.3 57.2 77.0 31.9 84.4 43.0 38.6 41.4 1975 76.4 56.3 73.7 35.2 85.2 46.0 45.1 45.7 1976 78.9 60.1 76.1 38.2 87.5 48.4 48.3 48.4 1977 80.0 63.4 79.2 41.3 88.8 51.6 51.5 51.6 1978 81.3 67.6 83.2 45.0 90.5 55.4 54.2 55.0 1979 81.3 70.0 86.2 49.3 90.6 60.7 57.2 59.4 1980 81.3 69.5 85.5 54.7 90.3 67.2 61.1 65.0 1981 82.4 71.0 86.1 60.0 90.6 72.8 68.3 71.1 1982 82.0 68.9 83.9 64.4 91.8 78.5 69.9 75.4 1983 85.6 73.2 85.5 67.2 91.9 78.5 76.9 77.9 1984 87.4 79.3 90.7 70.0 92.1 80.1 80.0 80.1 1985 88.6 82.3 93.0 73.3 93.2 82.7 82.3 82.6 1986 91.3 85.5 93.7 77.1 96.3 84.4 83.1 83.9 1987 91.7 88.7 96.7 80.0 96.6 87.2 83.7 85.9 1988 92.9 92.8 99.8 83.6 97.4 89.9 85.9 88.5 1989 93.5 95.8 102.4 85.8 95.8 91.7 91.9 91.8 1990 94.6 97.1 102.7 90.5 96.3 95.7 94.2 95.1 1991 96.1 96.3 100.2 94.9 97.4 98.8 97.5 98.3 1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1993 100.1 103.0 102.9 102.1 99.6 102.1 103.4 102.6 1994 101.4 107.8 106.3 104.3 99.5 102.9 107.4 104.5 1995 102.4 111.5 108.9 106.5 98.9 104.0 110.8 106.5 1996 105.2 116.4 110.7 109.8 99.3 104.4 113.8 107.8 1997 107.2 122.5 114.3 113.8 100.7 106.1 115.9 109.7 1998 110.2 129.0 117.1 119.7 104.5 108.6 113.9 110.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, Indexes 1992=100 Real Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit hour of of all tion per tion per labor Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1959 41.2 38.1 92.5 14.3 63.8 34.6 1960 42.1 38.7 92.1 14.9 65.4 35.3 1961 43.1 38.7 89.7 15.3 66.6 35.5 1962 44.5 41.5 93.4 15.9 68.5 35.7 1963 46.0 43.4 94.4 16.4 69.6 35.6 1964 47.7 46.0 96.4 17.0 71.6 35.7 1965 48.8 49.8 102.0 17.4 72.0 35.7 1966 49.3 53.6 108.6 18.2 73.2 36.9 1967 51.1 55.2 108.0 19.2 74.9 37.6 1968 52.9 57.9 109.6 20.7 77.3 39.1 1969 53.8 59.6 110.9 22.2 78.7 41.2 1970 54.4 56.8 104.4 23.7 79.7 43.6 1971 58.2 58.5 100.5 25.2 81.0 43.3 1972 60.7 63.7 105.1 26.5 82.5 43.6 1973 61.9 68.3 110.4 28.5 83.6 46.0 1974 61.6 66.5 107.9 31.6 83.6 51.3 1975 64.7 62.9 97.2 35.5 85.8 54.8 1976 67.4 68.6 101.9 38.4 88.0 57.1 1977 70.1 74.3 106.1 41.8 89.8 59.7 1978 70.7 78.2 110.6 45.2 90.8 63.9 1979 70.2 79.1 112.7 49.6 91.1 70.7 1980 70.4 75.7 107.5 55.6 91.8 78.9 1981 71.1 76.0 107.0 61.1 92.2 85.9 1982 74.7 73.1 97.9 67.0 95.5 89.7 1983 77.1 76.3 98.9 68.8 94.2 89.3 1984 79.8 84.0 105.3 71.2 93.7 89.3 1985 82.8 86.6 104.6 75.1 95.5 90.7 1986 86.5 89.1 103.0 78.5 98.1 90.7 1987 88.8 92.1 103.8 80.7 97.5 90.9 1988 90.5 96.5 106.6 84.0 97.9 92.8 1989 90.7 97.1 107.1 86.6 96.8 95.5 1990 93.0 97.5 104.8 90.8 96.6 97.6 1991 95.1 95.5 100.4 95.6 98.0 100.4 1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1993 102.2 103.6 101.4 102.7 100.2 100.5 1994 105.3 109.1 103.6 105.6 100.8 100.3 1995 109.4 113.8 104.0 107.9 100.2 98.6 1996 113.8 118.0 103.7 109.3 98.9 96.0 1997 119.2 125.7 105.5 113.4 100.4 95.1 1998 124.0 130.9 105.6 119.4 104.3 96.3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, Indexes 1992=100 Real Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit hour of of all tion per tion per labor Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1959 38.0 34.7 91.4 14.4 64.4 37.9 1960 38.4 35.1 91.3 15.0 65.9 39.0 1961 39.0 34.2 87.8 15.4 67.1 39.5 1962 40.9 37.9 92.7 16.0 69.1 39.2 1963 42.7 40.3 94.3 16.5 70.1 38.6 1964 44.2 42.9 97.0 17.1 72.0 38.8 1965 46.4 48.3 104.1 17.4 72.1 37.6 1966 47.1 53.3 113.1 18.2 73.2 38.6 1967 48.0 54.0 112.3 19.2 74.7 39.9 1968 50.2 57.2 113.9 20.6 77.3 41.1 1969 50.9 58.9 115.6 22.1 78.6 43.5 1970 50.6 53.9 106.5 23.8 79.7 47.0 1971 54.9 55.5 101.1 25.4 81.6 46.2 1972 57.6 61.6 107.0 26.6 83.0 46.3 1973 59.9 69.1 115.2 28.6 83.8 47.6 1974 58.2 66.0 113.3 31.6 83.5 54.3 1975 60.2 60.0 99.7 35.7 86.4 59.3 1976 63.7 66.4 104.3 38.8 88.8 60.9 1977 66.8 73.5 110.0 42.1 90.5 63.0 1978 67.7 78.9 116.5 45.3 91.0 66.9 1979 67.8 81.5 120.1 49.7 91.2 73.3 1980 67.8 76.7 113.1 55.9 92.4 82.4 1981 68.5 76.9 112.3 61.5 93.0 89.8 1982 71.4 71.8 100.6 67.5 96.3 94.7 1983 75.3 76.2 101.2 69.1 94.6 91.7 1984 79.7 87.8 110.2 71.0 93.5 89.2 1985 82.0 90.4 110.2 74.8 95.1 91.1 1986 86.4 92.7 107.3 78.5 98.1 90.8 1987 89.1 95.4 107.1 80.9 97.7 90.8 1988 91.0 100.9 110.8 83.7 97.6 91.9 1989 91.2 101.2 110.9 86.3 96.4 94.6 1990 93.0 99.8 107.3 90.3 96.1 97.1 1991 94.3 95.5 101.3 95.3 97.7 101.0 1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1993 104.2 105.7 101.5 102.9 100.3 98.8 1994 109.3 114.4 104.7 105.6 100.8 96.7 1995 114.8 121.9 106.2 107.5 99.9 93.7 1996 121.5 130.2 107.2 107.4 97.1 88.3 1997 129.2 142.5 110.3 110.9 98.2 85.8 1998 137.5 152.6 111.0 117.0 102.2 85.1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, Indexes 1992=100 Real Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit hour of of all tion per tion per labor Year all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1959 46.0 43.2 93.9 14.1 63.2 30.7 1960 47.2 44.0 93.2 14.7 64.8 31.2 1961 48.5 44.8 92.3 15.2 66.3 31.4 1962 49.5 46.8 94.4 15.7 67.8 31.7 1963 51.2 48.3 94.4 16.2 69.0 31.7 1964 53.3 50.9 95.5 16.9 71.0 31.7 1965 53.3 52.8 99.1 17.3 71.4 32.4 1966 53.7 55.2 102.7 18.0 72.5 33.6 1967 56.6 57.8 102.3 19.1 74.4 33.7 1968 58.1 60.3 103.8 20.5 76.7 35.3 1969 59.6 62.3 104.6 22.0 78.1 36.9 1970 61.2 62.1 101.5 23.6 79.2 38.5 1971 64.1 64.0 99.8 24.9 79.9 38.8 1972 67.1 68.8 102.5 26.1 81.2 38.8 1973 67.5 70.2 104.0 28.1 82.5 41.6 1974 69.3 69.9 100.9 31.3 82.8 45.2 1975 72.0 67.6 93.9 34.9 84.4 48.4 1976 73.8 72.8 98.7 37.7 86.2 51.1 1977 76.5 77.2 100.9 40.9 87.9 53.5 1978 77.4 79.4 102.6 44.4 89.2 57.4 1979 76.4 78.5 102.8 48.7 89.4 63.7 1980 76.1 76.2 100.1 54.3 89.7 71.3 1981 76.5 76.4 99.9 59.5 89.9 77.8 1982 79.9 75.5 94.4 65.6 93.5 82.0 1983 80.8 77.5 95.9 68.0 93.1 84.1 1984 82.4 81.4 98.8 70.7 93.0 85.8 1985 86.0 83.6 97.1 74.7 95.0 86.8 1986 88.7 86.3 97.3 77.7 97.1 87.6 1987 90.5 90.0 99.4 79.8 96.4 88.2 1988 91.9 92.8 100.9 83.7 97.5 91.0 1989 91.7 93.4 101.9 86.5 96.7 94.4 1990 93.8 95.2 101.4 91.0 96.9 97.0 1991 95.8 95.2 99.3 95.8 98.3 100.0 1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1993 100.4 101.6 101.2 102.5 99.9 102.1 1994 102.0 104.2 102.1 105.4 100.6 103.3 1995 104.9 106.1 101.1 107.9 100.3 102.9 1996 107.5 106.4 99.0 111.8 101.2 104.1 1997 110.7 109.6 99.1 116.4 103.0 105.2 1998 112.1 110.3 98.4 122.1 106.6 108.9 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix table 6. Nonfinancial corporations: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits, and prices Indexes 1992=100 Output Hourly Real Unit Total Unit Implicit per all- compen- hourly Unit non- unit pro- price employee Employee sation compen labor labor costs fits deflator Year hour Output hours (1) sation(2) costs costs(6) (7) (8) (4) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1959 51.6 26.9 52.1 15.0 67.0 29.0 26.0 28.1 58.4 30.7 1960 52.6 27.8 52.9 15.6 68.6 29.7 26.8 28.9 53.2 30.9 1961 54.3 28.5 52.4 16.1 70.2 29.7 27.3 29.0 53.2 31.0 1962 56.5 30.8 54.4 16.7 72.2 29.6 26.9 28.8 57.9 31.3 1963 58.5 32.6 55.7 17.3 73.5 29.5 26.7 28.7 61.3 31.4 1964 60.8 34.8 57.2 18.0 75.8 29.6 26.6 28.8 63.8 31.7 1965 62.2 37.6 60.5 18.5 76.7 29.8 26.4 28.8 68.9 32.2 1966 63.0 40.2 63.9 19.5 78.6 31.0 26.3 29.7 68.8 32.9 1967 63.9 41.3 64.5 20.6 80.4 32.3 27.9 31.0 64.3 33.8 1968 66.0 43.8 66.4 22.2 83.0 33.6 29.4 32.4 64.2 35.1 1969 66.0 45.5 69.0 23.7 84.0 35.9 31.6 34.7 57.9 36.6 1970 66.3 45.1 68.0 25.3 85.1 38.2 35.4 37.4 47.1 38.2 1971 69.1 46.9 67.9 26.9 86.6 39.0 37.1 38.5 53.3 39.7 1972 70.8 50.5 71.4 28.5 88.7 40.2 37.2 39.3 57.5 40.9 1973 71.3 53.4 74.9 30.7 90.0 43.0 38.7 41.8 59.2 43.3 1974 69.7 52.5 75.3 33.6 88.8 48.2 44.4 47.2 52.4 47.6 1975 72.4 51.6 71.3 37.0 89.5 51.1 50.2 50.8 68.4 52.3 1976 74.6 55.6 74.6 40.0 91.6 53.7 50.1 52.6 77.4 54.7 1977 76.3 59.6 78.1 43.2 92.8 56.6 51.7 55.2 85.1 57.7 1978 76.9 63.5 82.6 47.0 94.3 61.1 54.4 59.2 88.5 61.6 1979 75.8 65.0 85.8 51.3 94.2 67.7 60.1 65.6 82.8 67.0 1980 76.9 65.4 85.1 56.6 93.6 73.7 69.4 72.5 72.6 72.5 1981 79.4 68.5 86.2 61.8 93.4 77.9 78.5 78.1 85.9 78.7 1982 81.0 67.8 83.7 66.3 94.4 81.8 85.1 82.7 77.1 82.2 1983 83.6 70.9 84.8 68.7 94.1 82.3 84.7 82.9 94.1 83.9 1984 86.6 78.2 90.3 71.7 94.3 82.8 83.7 83.1 111.3 85.4 1985 88.3 81.6 92.5 75.0 95.5 85.0 85.1 85.0 107.0 86.8 1986 90.7 84.1 92.7 78.8 98.5 86.9 87.5 87.1 89.7 87.3 1987 92.6 88.7 95.8 81.7 98.7 88.2 87.3 87.9 100.3 89.0 1988 94.7 93.8 99.1 84.8 98.9 89.6 89.1 89.5 110.3 91.2 1989 93.8 95.7 102.0 87.0 97.2 92.7 95.9 93.6 99.0 94.1 1990 94.9 97.1 102.4 91.4 97.2 96.4 99.0 97.1 95.5 97.0 1991 96.9 96.4 99.6 95.5 98.0 98.6 102.9 99.8 94.0 99.3 1992 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1993 101.5 103.8 102.3 102.1 99.5 100.6 99.6 100.3 112.5 101.3 1994 104.3 110.8 106.2 104.3 99.5 100.0 100.2 100.0 130.5 102.6 1995 105.6 115.7 109.6 106.2 98.6 100.5 100.9 100.6 137.5 103.7 1996 108.4 120.9 111.5 109.0 98.6 100.5 100.1 100.4 151.5 104.7 1997 111.7 128.9 115.4 113.0 100.0 101.1 99.4 100.6 157.1 105.3 1998 116.2 137.5 118.4 119.0 103.9 102.4 98.4 101.3 150.4 105.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. November 12, 1999 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics SOURCES: Output data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Census Bureau of the U.S. Department of Commerce; the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Reserve Board. Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of Economic Analysis. RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more complete information becomes available. The measures are first published within 40 days of the close of the reference period; revisions appear 30 days later, and second revisions after an additional 60 days. In the business sector, the third publication (second revision) of a quarterly index of output per hour of all persons has differed from the initial value by between -1.9 and +2.6 index points approximately 95 percent of the time. This interval is based on the performance of this measure between the fourth quarter of 1995 and the second quarter of 1999. Footnotes, Tables 1-6 (1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit plans. Except for nonfinancial corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the self- employed. (2) The change for recent quarters is based on the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U). The trend from 1978-1998 is based on the Consumer Price Index research series (CPI-U-RS). (3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, capital consumption allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes. (4) Current dollar output divided by the output index. (5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate from the original data rather than index numbers. Annual changes: Percent change between annual average levels. (6) Unit nonlabor costs include capital consumption allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes. For nonfinancial corporations, rental income of persons is zero by definition. (7) Total unit costs are the sum of unit labor and nonlabor costs. (8) Unit profits include corporate profits with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments.