RSE Table 12 Full-time(1) private industry workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $23.61 1.4% $926 1.3% $47,643 1.3% Management occupations.............................................. 50.40 3.3 2,005 3.0 104,107 3.0 General and operations managers................................... 55.81 4.2 2,304 3.5 119,783 3.5 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 52.53 5.5 2,059 5.3 107,074 5.3 Marketing managers.............................................. 54.61 2.6 2,086 2.9 108,464 2.9 Sales managers.................................................. 48.73 12.4 2,007 10.9 104,341 10.9 Public relations managers......................................... 63.99 17.0 2,360 20.9 122,736 20.9 Administrative services managers.................................. 32.01 6.5 1,257 7.2 65,350 7.2 Computer and information systems managers......................... 64.06 9.4 2,536 9.2 131,866 9.2 Financial managers................................................ 52.13 3.6 2,073 4.8 107,053 4.8 Human resources managers.......................................... 38.96 4.4 1,526 4.7 79,331 4.7 Compensation and benefits managers.............................. 36.09 9.4 1,413 9.3 73,472 9.3 Industrial production managers.................................... 46.66 6.9 1,866 6.9 97,048 6.9 Purchasing managers............................................... 51.25 12.5 2,041 12.3 106,151 12.3 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 48.46 20.6 1,926 20.1 100,142 20.1 Education administrators.......................................... 31.97 7.3 1,277 6.0 66,031 6.0 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 39.06 9.0 1,487 8.3 77,306 8.3 Engineering managers.............................................. 49.55 5.8 1,988 5.8 103,394 5.8 Food service managers............................................. 37.95 18.1 1,557 15.3 80,942 15.3 Medical and health services managers.............................. 42.52 17.3 1,629 17.4 84,733 17.4 Social and community service managers............................. 31.65 7.9 1,210 7.7 62,940 7.7 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 33.06 2.1 1,293 2.1 67,221 2.1 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 26.85 3.2 1,058 3.6 55,031 3.6 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 27.41 5.4 1,067 6.1 55,486 6.1 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 26.26 6.3 1,049 6.5 54,532 6.5 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 27.32 4.6 1,048 3.9 54,514 3.9 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 27.12 4.4 1,039 3.6 54,025 3.6 Cost estimators................................................... 33.72 11.7 1,349 11.7 70,145 11.7 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 29.32 8.5 1,141 10.3 59,357 10.3 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 28.37 13.1 1,113 14.4 57,866 14.4 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists............ 27.26 7.0 1,050 4.6 54,612 4.6 Training and development specialists............................ 31.50 15.3 1,253 15.7 65,151 15.7 Logisticians...................................................... 30.12 5.1 1,205 5.1 62,642 5.1 Management analysts............................................... 33.44 7.4 1,331 6.6 69,221 6.6 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 32.43 3.9 1,264 3.5 65,726 3.5 Credit analysts................................................... 28.55 7.6 1,095 6.8 56,930 6.8 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 44.18 16.5 1,718 15.1 89,357 15.1 Financial analysts.............................................. 41.63 8.2 1,644 7.2 85,501 7.2 Personal financial advisors..................................... 63.30 42.3 2,468 42.5 128,359 42.5 Insurance underwriters.......................................... 33.83 14.2 1,252 13.2 65,084 13.2 Financial examiners............................................... 25.34 19.0 962 20.2 50,031 20.2 Loan counselors and officers...................................... 32.17 13.8 1,257 12.5 65,389 12.5 Loan officers................................................... 34.21 16.2 1,334 14.6 69,349 14.6 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 38.72 5.1 1,522 5.0 79,016 5.0 Computer programmers.............................................. 36.44 10.1 1,446 9.9 75,191 9.9 Computer software engineers....................................... 46.16 4.0 1,820 3.6 94,657 3.6 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 47.20 8.8 1,862 8.2 96,836 8.2 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 45.42 1.8 1,791 1.8 93,118 1.8 Computer support specialists...................................... 29.67 10.0 1,142 10.6 58,914 10.6 Computer systems analysts......................................... 37.69 4.6 1,495 4.3 77,741 4.3 Database administrators........................................... 33.66 15.6 1,275 19.7 66,279 19.7 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 35.43 3.0 1,384 2.7 71,970 2.7 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 54.39 13.5 2,146 14.4 111,606 14.4 Operations research analysts...................................... 36.73 11.2 1,441 10.9 74,921 10.9 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 35.31 4.8 1,416 4.5 73,642 4.5 Architects, except naval.......................................... 37.31 10.7 1,492 10.7 77,587 10.7 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 39.20 6.6 1,567 6.6 81,500 6.6 Engineers......................................................... 40.07 5.1 1,617 4.6 84,098 4.6 Civil engineers................................................. 30.37 6.0 1,283 7.7 66,727 7.7 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 41.06 6.4 1,642 6.4 85,402 6.4 Electrical engineers.......................................... 42.03 6.4 1,681 6.4 87,420 6.4 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 37.81 5.0 1,512 5.0 78,643 5.0 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 34.39 7.5 1,375 7.5 71,495 7.5 Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.73 7.6 1,388 7.6 72,200 7.6 Materials engineers............................................. 44.27 27.4 1,895 22.0 98,545 22.0 Mechanical engineers............................................ 35.45 5.4 1,473 4.6 76,549 4.6 Drafters.......................................................... 25.63 10.4 1,010 9.9 52,546 9.9 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 27.19 21.9 1,098 21.6 57,096 21.6 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 28.49 2.1 1,137 2.1 59,117 2.1 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 30.50 2.1 1,219 2.1 63,370 2.1 Industrial engineering technicians.............................. 23.20 10.4 923 10.5 48,016 10.5 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 29.83 7.7 1,154 7.7 59,712 7.7 Life scientists................................................... 36.21 9.7 1,357 11.0 70,563 11.0 Biological scientists........................................... 31.96 17.4 1,185 18.1 61,615 18.1 Medical scientists.............................................. 39.56 5.5 1,499 6.1 77,955 6.1 Physical scientists............................................... 32.60 7.3 1,272 7.3 66,161 7.3 Market and survey researchers..................................... 24.11 5.5 941 4.9 48,950 4.9 Market research analysts........................................ 24.11 5.5 941 4.9 48,950 4.9 Psychologists..................................................... 34.98 26.8 1,359 28.4 61,471 28.4 Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.................. 34.98 26.8 1,359 28.4 61,471 28.4 Chemical technicians.............................................. 26.13 9.2 1,044 9.3 54,238 9.3 Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...... 20.62 10.1 808 10.1 42,025 10.1 Community and social services occupations........................... 19.82 6.3 749 6.1 38,470 6.1 Counselors........................................................ 20.06 6.6 772 6.0 39,229 6.0 Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors.............. 16.42 5.1 642 4.8 33,122 4.8 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 25.90 17.9 951 16.2 46,804 16.2 Social workers.................................................... 22.19 4.8 819 4.1 42,076 4.1 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 20.94 6.3 749 4.7 37,158 4.7 Medical and public health social workers........................ 26.60 2.3 986 2.7 51,288 2.7 Mental health and substance abuse social workers................ 20.48 11.5 763 10.7 39,659 10.7 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 16.66 4.7 635 6.0 33,009 6.0 Social and human service assistants............................. 13.57 2.1 524 2.0 27,247 2.0 Legal occupations................................................... 43.37 17.9 1,698 16.4 88,060 16.4 Lawyers........................................................... 57.46 18.3 2,282 16.4 118,689 16.4 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 22.24 10.9 846 9.3 43,978 9.3 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 32.62 5.8 1,196 7.0 52,204 7.0 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 55.30 6.8 2,094 6.3 84,685 6.3 Business teachers, postsecondary................................ 70.40 14.2 2,639 13.3 99,016 13.3 Math and computer teachers, postsecondary....................... 49.54 11.7 1,858 11.2 72,849 11.2 Computer science teachers, postsecondary...................... 42.33 16.2 1,582 16.3 62,916 16.3 Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary.................. 56.29 11.7 2,118 10.7 81,950 10.7 Life sciences teachers, postsecondary........................... 55.28 17.3 2,307 13.0 109,624 13.0 Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary....................... 62.95 8.0 2,278 6.6 83,039 6.6 Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................... 56.37 15.5 2,071 15.1 74,549 15.1 Psychology teachers, postsecondary............................ 50.51 15.3 1,924 10.7 73,081 10.7 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 66.39 10.2 2,466 11.2 97,673 11.2 Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.................... 71.58 9.5 2,632 11.0 101,350 11.0 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 50.30 7.5 1,876 6.8 73,224 6.8 English language and literature teachers, postsecondary....... 53.81 11.6 1,966 11.2 81,175 11.2 History teachers, postsecondary............................... 47.74 3.9 1,817 3.5 66,189 3.5 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 40.34 14.1 1,568 12.9 71,455 12.9 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 26.87 4.9 950 5.3 40,031 5.3 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 18.23 23.5 630 12.1 29,781 12.1 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 18.73 24.4 643 12.3 30,678 12.3 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 25.88 7.3 968 6.6 37,827 6.6 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 27.49 5.4 1,024 4.8 39,959 4.8 Secondary school teachers....................................... 48.53 12.2 1,638 10.4 61,196 10.4 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 48.53 12.2 1,638 10.4 61,196 10.4 Special education teachers...................................... 35.31 34.8 1,270 30.2 50,370 30.2 Librarians........................................................ 31.84 27.6 1,142 28.0 57,708 28.0 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.49 13.2 401 12.8 20,024 12.8 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 35.85 10.7 1,402 9.7 70,947 9.7 Artists and related workers....................................... 25.06 14.3 988 15.0 51,375 15.0 Designers......................................................... 28.29 10.4 1,124 11.5 58,426 11.5 Graphic designers............................................... 28.16 7.3 1,100 7.7 57,208 7.7 Actors, producers, and directors.................................. 88.70 32.8 3,507 33.3 182,344 33.3 Producers and directors......................................... 88.70 32.8 3,507 33.3 182,344 33.3 Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers................... 22.94 10.1 886 8.9 42,746 8.9 Coaches and scouts.............................................. 22.94 10.1 886 8.9 42,746 8.9 Public relations specialists...................................... 36.07 28.5 1,406 28.7 73,118 28.7 Writers and editors............................................... 33.20 12.5 1,275 10.7 66,300 10.7 Editors......................................................... 36.56 12.4 1,376 10.8 71,568 10.8 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 34.01 4.3 1,315 4.1 68,154 4.1 Dietitians and nutritionists...................................... 28.35 9.5 1,113 10.7 57,870 10.7 Pharmacists....................................................... 49.57 2.9 1,951 4.0 101,455 4.0 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 69.57 8.7 2,748 9.2 142,918 9.2 Internists, general............................................. 65.85 13.0 2,436 13.8 126,658 13.8 Physician assistants.............................................. 40.52 4.0 1,616 4.2 84,015 4.2 Registered nurses................................................. 34.51 2.7 1,325 2.8 68,804 2.8 Therapists........................................................ 28.24 9.0 1,100 7.4 56,076 7.4 Physical therapists............................................. 28.67 13.8 1,125 12.2 57,746 12.2 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 27.38 7.0 1,088 7.0 56,599 7.0 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 21.80 3.1 852 3.0 44,308 3.0 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 25.75 5.5 997 5.7 51,857 5.7 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 18.80 3.9 740 3.6 38,480 3.6 Dental hygienists................................................. 32.90 5.5 1,021 5.1 53,102 5.1 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 24.47 7.5 942 6.6 48,990 6.6 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 16.54 15.7 648 16.1 33,702 16.1 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 24.13 7.8 934 7.0 48,587 7.0 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................... 20.77 20.4 805 18.6 41,883 18.6 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 16.24 5.0 633 4.3 32,939 4.3 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 15.75 6.1 619 4.9 32,184 4.9 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 19.93 4.6 764 4.2 39,389 4.2 Medical records and health information technicians................ 16.52 10.8 651 10.7 33,853 10.7 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 19.20 9.5 762 9.2 39,598 9.2 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 13.10 2.9 495 3.0 25,734 3.0 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 12.41 3.3 478 3.6 24,832 3.6 Home health aides............................................... 10.58 3.7 409 2.5 21,267 2.5 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 13.50 1.9 519 1.9 26,964 1.9 Psychiatric aides............................................... 11.22 9.5 430 8.1 22,359 8.1 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 14.74 3.3 533 2.9 27,695 2.9 Dental assistants............................................... 16.74 5.4 541 6.9 28,149 6.9 Medical assistants.............................................. 13.67 4.6 501 3.5 26,070 3.5 Medical equipment preparers..................................... 17.20 6.7 674 7.0 35,064 7.0 Medical transcriptionists....................................... 14.87 10.0 554 7.5 28,788 7.5 Protective service occupations...................................... 14.36 14.5 561 13.5 28,780 13.5 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 11.68 4.6 460 4.7 23,895 4.7 Security guards................................................. 11.68 4.6 460 4.7 23,895 4.7 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.39 4.4 403 3.7 20,702 3.7 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 18.03 4.5 774 3.5 40,117 3.5 Chefs and head cooks............................................ 17.94 12.4 730 12.7 37,947 12.7 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 18.03 4.8 779 3.7 40,346 3.7 Cooks............................................................. 11.85 4.1 463 4.2 23,594 4.2 Cooks, fast food................................................ 10.78 13.8 405 14.5 21,072 14.5 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 13.36 4.5 527 4.9 26,581 4.9 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 11.69 4.9 455 5.1 23,170 5.1 Food preparation workers.......................................... 11.14 4.4 430 4.8 22,135 4.8 Food service, tipped.............................................. 5.64 17.2 210 15.5 10,660 15.5 Bartenders...................................................... 6.50 9.8 227 7.5 11,700 7.5 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 4.75 17.4 177 16.4 8,931 16.4 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 8.27 21.1 323 20.7 16,686 20.7 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 9.07 5.2 341 8.1 17,750 8.1 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 9.27 2.8 344 3.6 17,867 3.6 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 8.88 11.0 339 15.3 17,635 15.3 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 12.44 8.3 478 7.7 24,841 7.7 Dishwashers....................................................... 8.62 3.0 336 3.0 17,453 3.0 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 14.95 6.8 592 7.0 30,010 7.0 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 23.99 13.4 962 12.7 50,019 12.7 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 21.04 3.7 840 4.0 43,685 4.0 Building cleaning workers......................................... 14.35 5.5 567 5.7 29,220 5.7 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 14.42 8.5 570 8.7 29,385 8.7 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 12.21 12.9 477 12.8 24,498 12.8 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 12.42 5.7 496 5.7 21,569 5.7 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 11.99 5.5 478 5.5 20,650 5.5 Personal care and service occupations............................... 13.66 6.6 505 7.5 25,496 7.5 First-line supervisors/managers of gaming workers................. 15.05 5.6 602 5.6 31,308 5.6 Slot key persons................................................ 13.29 .7 532 .7 27,647 .7 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 19.17 9.1 743 10.2 38,649 10.2 Gaming services workers........................................... 7.18 2.5 287 2.5 14,931 2.5 Gaming dealers.................................................. 7.18 2.5 287 2.5 14,931 2.5 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................... 12.62 32.8 491 33.0 25,549 33.0 Child care workers................................................ 11.10 8.0 423 7.1 21,329 7.1 Personal and home care aides...................................... 9.18 1.0 355 3.3 18,447 3.3 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 13.62 14.4 560 13.3 17,563 13.3 Recreation workers.............................................. 13.38 17.5 554 16.3 15,863 16.3 Sales and related occupations....................................... 22.45 2.7 891 2.8 46,206 2.8 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 20.73 10.2 860 9.8 44,717 9.8 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 19.04 6.7 792 6.5 41,191 6.5 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 31.94 23.4 1,299 23.4 67,542 23.4 Retail sales workers.............................................. 14.31 4.1 566 4.0 29,263 4.0 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 10.00 2.3 389 3.2 20,162 3.2 Cashiers...................................................... 9.98 2.3 388 3.2 20,114 3.2 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 15.33 12.7 625 12.3 32,119 12.3 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 11.76 3.6 481 3.2 24,405 3.2 Parts salespersons............................................ 18.28 14.6 742 14.8 38,581 14.8 Retail salespersons............................................. 16.12 4.8 638 4.5 33,033 4.5 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 17.43 10.1 670 9.5 34,825 9.5 Insurance sales agents............................................ 33.54 16.3 1,342 14.6 69,780 14.6 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 51.69 14.2 2,040 13.9 106,073 13.9 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 35.47 8.6 1,411 8.2 73,227 8.2 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 38.38 20.5 1,520 19.8 79,054 19.8 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 34.71 5.6 1,382 5.3 71,700 5.3 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 19.73 14.2 781 14.6 40,597 14.6 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 17.58 1.1 680 .9 35,318 .9 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 25.17 3.2 977 3.8 50,810 3.8 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 15.82 8.2 596 8.5 30,981 8.5 Financial clerks.................................................. 16.27 1.7 636 1.7 33,088 1.7 Bill and account collectors..................................... 17.53 8.3 687 7.4 35,741 7.4 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 16.32 2.2 630 2.1 32,771 2.1 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 17.48 1.5 682 1.5 35,479 1.5 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 18.37 4.7 729 5.0 37,918 5.0 Procurement clerks.............................................. 17.09 5.2 684 5.2 35,547 5.2 Tellers......................................................... 12.15 2.1 477 1.8 24,817 1.8 Brokerage clerks.................................................. 22.79 4.6 860 5.5 44,732 5.5 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 18.94 8.6 747 7.2 38,850 7.2 Customer service representatives.................................. 17.46 8.2 687 7.8 35,594 7.8 File clerks....................................................... 12.21 3.0 474 2.8 24,624 2.8 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 10.59 4.0 423 4.0 22,019 4.0 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 16.34 7.0 609 6.1 31,656 6.1 Library assistants, clerical...................................... 15.53 4.0 585 8.9 30,218 8.9 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 17.98 5.3 704 5.0 36,601 5.0 Order clerks...................................................... 14.75 2.9 589 3.4 30,124 3.4 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 19.95 5.2 775 3.7 40,298 3.7 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 13.89 4.0 534 3.4 27,545 3.4 Dispatchers....................................................... 23.10 6.8 919 8.3 47,788 8.3 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 23.42 6.7 933 7.9 48,520 7.9 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 18.83 3.7 745 3.7 38,755 3.7 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 13.24 5.1 528 5.3 27,423 5.3 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 12.96 4.7 510 4.6 26,507 4.6 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 21.51 1.5 816 1.3 42,427 1.3 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 23.56 5.8 889 4.9 46,194 4.9 Legal secretaries............................................... 26.39 3.0 980 3.0 50,948 3.0 Medical secretaries............................................. 16.39 6.7 621 6.2 32,301 6.2 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 18.41 1.9 710 1.9 36,937 1.9 Computer operators................................................ 18.07 4.1 720 4.2 37,429 4.2 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 14.57 6.2 544 4.3 28,292 4.3 Data entry keyers............................................... 13.24 2.0 495 2.6 25,730 2.6 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 17.97 3.6 691 3.8 35,926 3.8 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..... 13.81 9.3 531 7.6 27,613 7.6 Office clerks, general............................................ 16.12 3.1 619 3.7 32,063 3.7 Office machine operators, except computer......................... 13.64 14.3 527 12.8 27,400 12.8 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 26.82 3.7 1,059 3.5 54,034 3.5 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 36.07 13.9 1,424 14.2 72,669 14.2 Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons......................... 27.77 2.8 1,109 2.8 56,071 2.8 Brickmasons and blockmasons..................................... 27.77 2.8 1,109 2.8 56,071 2.8 Carpenters........................................................ 25.53 12.2 1,012 12.3 51,048 12.3 Construction laborers............................................. 23.48 15.0 933 15.2 43,650 15.2 Construction equipment operators.................................. 26.22 10.0 1,049 10.0 54,528 10.0 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 27.06 10.4 1,082 10.4 56,274 10.4 Electricians...................................................... 32.56 15.1 1,253 14.3 65,144 14.3 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 14.60 3.3 584 3.3 30,338 3.3 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 14.60 3.3 584 3.3 30,338 3.3 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 32.34 20.3 1,283 20.6 66,693 20.6 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 32.65 20.6 1,294 21.1 67,291 21.1 Roofers........................................................... 20.70 9.4 807 9.4 38,588 9.4 Sheet metal workers............................................... 25.49 21.2 1,009 21.4 52,393 21.4 Structural iron and steel workers................................. 36.64 24.9 1,466 24.9 76,211 24.9 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 13.20 5.2 528 5.2 27,410 5.2 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 20.48 11.3 819 11.3 42,601 11.3 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 24.82 17.6 981 18.1 49,020 18.1 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 22.16 3.0 885 3.2 45,972 3.2 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 30.19 5.8 1,209 6.0 62,875 6.0 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 17.67 15.4 705 15.6 36,681 15.6 Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay.................................................... 34.30 3.1 1,372 3.1 71,346 3.1 Security and fire alarm systems installers...................... 21.52 1.5 855 1.7 44,478 1.7 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 26.50 6.8 1,060 6.8 55,110 6.8 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 16.33 6.4 654 6.4 34,003 6.4 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 15.18 10.3 607 10.3 31,566 10.3 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 17.04 5.3 683 5.3 35,514 5.3 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 21.35 7.2 854 7.2 44,401 7.2 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 20.06 11.3 826 8.7 42,977 8.7 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 22.21 4.7 889 4.7 46,204 4.7 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 23.30 7.4 932 7.4 48,473 7.4 Home appliance repairers.......................................... 20.85 19.6 834 19.6 43,367 19.6 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.76 5.6 828 5.7 42,965 5.7 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 21.00 5.7 846 5.8 44,001 5.8 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 20.80 8.4 825 8.4 42,766 8.4 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 19.25 6.9 770 6.9 39,946 6.9 Millwrights..................................................... 23.96 10.8 955 10.6 49,661 10.6 Line installers and repairers..................................... 31.96 2.9 1,279 2.9 66,487 2.9 Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................. 34.84 2.4 1,393 2.4 72,459 2.4 Telecommunications line installers and repairers................ 28.26 6.9 1,130 6.9 58,775 6.9 Precision instrument and equipment repairers...................... 25.04 14.4 984 13.3 51,152 13.3 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 18.27 6.0 718 6.1 37,318 6.1 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 15.28 11.4 611 11.4 31,783 11.4 Production occupations.............................................. 16.32 2.1 649 2.1 33,642 2.1 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 24.18 7.4 969 7.2 50,370 7.2 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 16.24 3.4 648 3.5 33,707 3.5 Coil winders, tapers, and finishers............................. 15.39 17.5 615 17.5 32,005 17.5 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 14.59 6.2 584 6.2 30,343 6.2 Electromechanical equipment assemblers.......................... 17.42 4.0 694 4.4 36,089 4.4 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 12.24 7.6 486 7.5 25,261 7.5 Team assemblers................................................. 14.44 9.6 578 9.6 29,962 9.6 Bakers............................................................ 20.31 18.8 801 19.9 41,644 19.9 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 15.50 10.5 614 10.7 31,943 10.7 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 16.95 12.0 669 12.2 34,795 12.2 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 13.99 8.9 551 9.2 28,662 9.2 Food batchmakers................................................ 15.08 8.1 587 9.1 30,504 9.1 Food cooking machine operators and tenders...................... 16.76 11.6 671 11.6 34,869 11.6 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 16.34 8.0 654 8.0 33,962 8.0 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 16.19 8.3 647 8.3 33,644 8.3 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 17.00 13.9 680 13.9 35,366 13.9 Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 19.24 6.3 769 6.3 40,010 6.3 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 16.99 5.9 677 5.9 35,175 5.9 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 15.21 11.6 600 11.3 31,188 11.3 Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 19.24 12.7 769 12.7 40,013 12.7 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................... 17.02 8.4 681 8.4 35,377 8.4 Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 19.58 3.7 783 3.7 40,736 3.7 Machinists........................................................ 21.29 5.8 849 5.8 44,154 5.8 Metal furnace and kiln operators and tenders...................... 18.43 4.3 731 3.7 37,920 3.7 Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders.................... 20.03 4.2 789 4.0 40,822 4.0 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 14.77 13.7 591 13.7 30,698 13.7 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 13.68 16.0 547 16.0 28,411 16.0 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 16.50 21.9 656 21.8 33,917 21.8 Tool and die makers............................................... 25.70 3.3 1,021 3.4 53,094 3.4 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 17.56 3.1 702 3.1 36,480 3.1 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 17.69 3.3 707 3.3 36,756 3.3 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 13.46 17.4 538 17.4 27,961 17.4 Printers.......................................................... 18.06 7.7 719 7.8 37,406 7.8 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 17.84 17.3 711 17.4 36,981 17.4 Printing machine operators...................................... 18.17 4.4 724 4.2 37,650 4.2 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 14.26 16.1 553 14.4 28,746 14.4 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 11.10 5.3 440 5.6 22,895 5.6 Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers.................................. 15.49 13.8 560 15.3 29,095 15.3 Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders................... 17.03 10.4 681 10.4 35,423 10.4 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 13.63 9.5 534 10.4 27,758 10.4 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 14.57 10.8 583 10.8 30,310 10.8 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing....................................................... 14.22 2.0 569 2.0 29,575 2.0 Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers.............. 34.26 4.4 1,370 4.4 71,256 4.4 Power plant operators........................................... 33.96 4.9 1,358 4.9 70,638 4.9 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 29.14 4.1 1,166 4.1 60,607 4.1 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....... 21.86 11.8 874 11.8 45,364 11.8 Chemical equipment operators and tenders........................ 21.38 13.1 855 13.1 44,331 13.1 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 17.64 4.6 704 4.5 35,837 4.5 Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders.................................................. 18.41 9.5 736 9.5 38,290 9.5 Grinding and polishing workers, hand............................ 16.67 8.4 667 8.4 32,355 8.4 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 17.96 6.3 715 6.1 37,204 6.1 Cutting workers................................................... 16.30 5.1 652 5.1 32,116 5.1 Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 16.43 6.8 657 6.8 31,777 6.8 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 17.70 3.3 702 3.0 36,327 3.0 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.11 10.0 560 10.1 29,101 10.1 Painting workers.................................................. 14.26 8.1 571 8.1 29,667 8.1 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 13.99 10.9 560 10.9 29,100 10.9 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 13.40 4.8 537 4.8 27,580 4.8 Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders............. 16.68 4.6 686 3.0 35,668 3.0 Helpers--production workers..................................... 11.94 5.7 477 5.7 24,598 5.7 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 16.13 4.5 650 4.0 33,381 4.0 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 25.10 14.8 1,061 19.3 55,193 19.3 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 22.71 9.7 1,041 7.1 54,119 7.1 Aircraft pilots and flight engineers.............................. 80.69 42.4 2,199 17.5 114,337 17.5 Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers.................. 127.51 16.7 2,677 4.7 139,192 4.7 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 17.61 4.2 727 4.6 37,037 4.6 Driver/sales workers............................................ 15.15 14.5 625 15.8 32,505 15.8 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 18.58 4.3 785 3.7 39,431 3.7 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 16.70 6.2 658 7.1 34,162 7.1 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................... 11.07 33.3 430 29.6 22,202 29.6 Parking lot attendants............................................ 7.82 5.4 283 6.4 14,070 6.4 Crane and tower operators......................................... 23.10 5.8 924 5.8 48,038 5.8 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 18.14 3.5 726 3.5 37,738 3.5 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 16.26 5.2 650 5.2 33,334 5.2 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 11.95 2.6 476 2.7 24,570 2.7 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 11.60 5.2 464 6.0 24,142 6.0 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 11.96 3.2 477 3.3 24,582 3.3 Machine feeders and offbearers.................................. 15.07 8.8 587 8.0 30,499 8.0 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 11.24 6.6 445 6.7 23,132 6.7 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.