RSE Table 11 Full-time(1) civilian workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $21.90 0.9% $864 0.9% $43,709 0.9% Management occupations.............................................. 42.46 2.2 1,733 2.3 89,394 2.3 Chief executives.................................................. 93.57 16.8 3,806 16.4 197,897 16.4 General and operations managers................................... 42.82 5.9 1,805 6.0 93,837 6.0 Advertising and promotions managers............................... 33.01 22.6 1,343 22.4 69,851 22.4 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 47.12 4.8 1,950 5.0 101,411 5.0 Marketing managers.............................................. 46.89 6.1 1,862 6.5 96,808 6.5 Sales managers.................................................. 47.35 6.5 2,048 6.2 106,498 6.2 Public relations managers......................................... 35.84 7.5 1,409 7.3 73,253 7.3 Administrative services managers.................................. 33.43 6.3 1,354 6.6 70,412 6.6 Computer and information systems managers......................... 52.39 4.9 2,100 4.5 109,222 4.5 Financial managers................................................ 38.47 5.4 1,583 5.3 82,255 5.3 Human resources managers.......................................... 35.60 9.3 1,456 9.5 75,710 9.5 Training and development managers............................... 32.79 11.9 1,409 12.5 73,266 12.5 Industrial production managers.................................... 40.68 4.9 1,666 4.9 86,657 4.9 Purchasing managers............................................... 59.19 9.9 2,368 9.9 123,113 9.9 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 33.73 12.4 1,384 11.8 70,993 11.8 Construction managers............................................. 38.26 8.7 1,546 8.0 79,473 8.0 Education administrators.......................................... 45.51 3.9 1,868 3.6 89,957 3.6 Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program............................................... 31.06 17.6 1,242 17.6 60,968 17.6 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 47.19 5.5 1,904 5.0 87,689 5.0 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 46.46 4.7 1,991 3.6 102,706 3.6 Engineering managers.............................................. 51.87 5.5 2,112 5.9 109,823 5.9 Medical and health services managers.............................. 42.33 5.9 1,704 5.9 88,611 5.9 Property, real estate, and community association managers......... 24.00 19.3 957 19.3 49,780 19.3 Social and community service managers............................. 27.83 7.4 1,098 7.6 57,086 7.6 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 29.75 1.6 1,197 1.6 62,227 1.6 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 30.46 3.4 1,231 3.6 64,012 3.6 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 36.36 7.2 1,460 6.4 75,896 6.4 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 28.33 4.3 1,148 4.4 59,676 4.4 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 27.25 4.3 1,068 4.0 55,561 4.0 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 27.25 4.3 1,068 4.0 55,561 4.0 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation..................................... 22.97 4.6 864 6.9 44,942 6.9 Cost estimators................................................... 27.53 10.4 1,114 10.7 57,928 10.7 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 30.05 6.6 1,203 6.6 62,537 6.6 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 25.00 8.7 1,000 8.7 51,999 8.7 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists............ 28.01 7.7 1,123 7.3 58,396 7.3 Training and development specialists............................ 29.07 4.8 1,170 5.0 60,817 5.0 Logisticians...................................................... 25.53 8.0 1,027 8.2 53,381 8.2 Management analysts............................................... 39.95 8.1 1,597 8.1 83,037 8.1 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 28.15 2.8 1,150 3.2 59,805 3.2 Appraisers and assessors of real estate........................... 24.67 16.1 970 16.5 50,464 16.5 Budget analysts................................................... 31.05 6.4 1,242 6.4 64,583 6.4 Credit analysts................................................... 26.97 12.6 1,083 12.5 56,331 12.5 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 32.34 8.4 1,311 5.7 68,147 5.7 Financial analysts.............................................. 34.23 8.4 1,424 5.5 74,067 5.5 Personal financial advisors..................................... 18.30 8.6 725 8.5 37,706 8.5 Insurance underwriters.......................................... 32.02 12.1 1,250 11.7 64,984 11.7 Loan counselors and officers...................................... 28.74 14.8 1,172 15.3 60,955 15.3 Loan officers................................................... 29.11 15.7 1,190 16.2 61,856 16.2 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 32.16 1.5 1,293 1.5 67,015 1.5 Computer programmers.............................................. 31.74 2.4 1,266 3.1 65,837 3.1 Computer software engineers....................................... 38.31 3.2 1,566 3.1 81,452 3.1 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 36.72 2.6 1,512 2.6 78,634 2.6 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 39.89 5.9 1,620 5.4 84,232 5.4 Computer support specialists...................................... 21.74 4.3 868 4.3 44,912 4.3 Computer systems analysts......................................... 36.87 1.4 1,477 1.3 76,644 1.3 Database administrators........................................... 33.54 7.1 1,347 6.7 70,066 6.7 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 29.37 3.6 1,180 3.6 61,096 3.6 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 28.71 7.8 1,156 8.0 60,132 8.0 Actuaries......................................................... 37.50 8.7 1,461 9.9 75,950 9.9 Operations research analysts...................................... 32.01 5.8 1,235 6.7 64,195 6.7 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 33.12 1.4 1,345 1.4 69,932 1.4 Architects, except naval.......................................... 31.63 4.6 1,340 8.8 69,661 8.8 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 30.92 6.4 1,306 10.0 67,938 10.0 Engineers......................................................... 36.94 1.8 1,504 1.6 78,231 1.6 Chemical engineers.............................................. 46.07 5.9 1,882 7.7 97,846 7.7 Civil engineers................................................. 35.16 3.3 1,460 4.7 75,916 4.7 Computer hardware engineers..................................... 28.73 11.9 1,248 8.6 64,906 8.6 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 34.07 5.0 1,401 4.5 72,876 4.5 Electrical engineers.......................................... 32.94 6.6 1,363 6.8 70,860 6.8 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 35.76 4.9 1,459 4.7 75,861 4.7 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 34.76 3.9 1,435 3.3 74,617 3.3 Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.97 3.8 1,447 3.0 75,232 3.0 Materials engineers............................................. 38.72 12.7 1,549 12.7 80,547 12.7 Mechanical engineers............................................ 36.33 2.5 1,474 2.9 76,667 2.9 Drafters.......................................................... 24.10 6.6 964 6.6 50,132 6.6 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 26.88 12.1 1,075 12.1 55,909 12.1 Mechanical drafters............................................. 23.58 6.2 943 6.2 49,037 6.2 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 25.50 2.3 1,023 2.2 53,178 2.2 Civil engineering technicians................................... 24.18 4.6 967 4.6 50,291 4.6 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 24.51 4.3 983 4.3 51,057 4.3 Electro-mechanical technicians.................................. 24.46 5.1 1,003 6.6 52,164 6.6 Industrial engineering technicians.............................. 24.61 3.5 1,000 4.3 51,951 4.3 Mechanical engineering technicians.............................. 25.74 5.4 1,030 5.4 53,546 5.4 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 30.89 3.5 1,218 3.4 62,288 3.4 Life scientists................................................... 29.81 7.6 1,176 7.7 60,834 7.7 Biological scientists........................................... 29.95 10.1 1,194 9.8 62,068 9.8 Medical scientists.............................................. 29.76 12.7 1,161 13.0 60,398 13.0 Physical scientists............................................... 37.66 6.3 1,501 6.4 76,659 6.4 Chemists and materials scientists............................... 39.42 7.5 1,581 7.4 82,229 7.4 Chemists...................................................... 38.76 8.0 1,555 7.9 80,873 7.9 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 31.09 9.2 1,224 10.1 63,651 10.1 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.... 31.52 11.3 1,233 12.6 64,125 12.6 Market and survey researchers..................................... 28.41 13.4 1,159 14.2 60,274 14.2 Market research analysts........................................ 27.74 14.8 1,135 15.9 59,024 15.9 Psychologists..................................................... 42.67 10.3 1,575 10.2 74,891 10.2 Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.................. 42.67 10.3 1,575 10.2 74,891 10.2 Urban and regional planners....................................... 34.52 13.4 1,303 10.2 67,753 10.2 Biological technicians............................................ 19.71 6.5 777 6.1 40,428 6.1 Chemical technicians.............................................. 23.68 7.0 947 7.0 49,254 7.0 Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...... 18.68 4.6 741 4.2 38,541 4.2 Community and social services occupations........................... 20.60 3.0 812 3.0 41,297 3.0 Counselors........................................................ 21.61 5.9 853 5.9 42,340 5.9 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 27.01 9.2 1,043 8.2 49,446 8.2 Rehabilitation counselors....................................... 16.36 7.5 670 8.7 34,821 8.7 Social workers.................................................... 22.12 4.1 869 4.1 43,889 4.1 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 24.11 6.2 939 5.7 45,936 5.7 Medical and public health social workers........................ 23.44 5.9 936 5.9 48,277 5.9 Mental health and substance abuse social workers................ 18.83 6.9 744 7.0 38,561 7.0 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 18.51 6.5 730 6.3 37,984 6.3 Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists....... 25.19 5.6 994 5.0 51,678 5.0 Social and human service assistants............................. 14.57 5.2 582 5.4 30,242 5.4 Clergy............................................................ 18.99 5.9 749 6.5 38,965 6.5 Legal occupations................................................... 43.56 6.4 1,781 6.3 92,632 6.3 Lawyers........................................................... 52.30 6.2 2,191 5.3 113,946 5.3 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 31.36 9.4 1,176 9.2 61,175 9.2 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 22.07 5.9 890 4.4 46,306 4.4 Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers..................... 20.93 12.6 889 9.5 46,239 9.5 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 36.36 3.0 1,335 2.7 52,737 2.7 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 48.68 6.8 1,935 6.8 80,553 6.8 Business teachers, postsecondary................................ 40.07 20.7 1,602 20.7 69,812 20.7 Math and computer teachers, postsecondary....................... 52.61 7.3 2,060 5.9 81,838 5.9 Computer science teachers, postsecondary...................... 61.93 8.2 2,399 8.0 98,298 8.0 Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary.................. 47.92 9.7 1,886 8.7 73,803 8.7 Engineering and architecture teachers, postsecondary............ 69.82 10.8 2,708 12.2 101,899 12.2 Engineering teachers, postsecondary........................... 72.67 11.1 2,840 12.6 106,381 12.6 Life sciences teachers, postsecondary........................... 53.23 26.6 2,170 27.7 93,923 27.7 Biological science teachers, postsecondary.................... 52.54 27.6 2,143 28.8 93,744 28.8 Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................... 42.26 10.6 1,686 10.3 71,301 10.3 Sociology teachers, postsecondary............................. 41.99 7.1 1,713 6.6 63,530 6.6 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 55.62 12.4 2,377 12.9 112,290 12.9 Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.................... 59.50 16.1 2,607 17.5 126,873 17.5 Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary............... 42.11 7.4 1,657 7.0 71,768 7.0 Education and library science teachers, postsecondary........... 41.52 3.5 1,643 3.9 64,241 3.9 Education teachers, postsecondary............................. 41.52 3.5 1,643 3.9 64,241 3.9 Law, criminal justice, and social work teachers, postsecondary.. 75.68 14.8 3,015 14.4 117,285 14.4 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 45.13 7.5 1,796 7.0 68,531 7.0 Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary................. 39.10 4.0 1,564 4.8 58,925 4.8 English language and literature teachers, postsecondary....... 43.28 8.4 1,727 7.0 64,401 7.0 Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary............... 41.99 10.3 1,635 9.3 65,143 9.3 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 40.90 8.3 1,545 8.4 65,896 8.4 Vocational education teachers, postsecondary.................. 52.53 22.7 1,876 21.4 68,642 21.4 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 40.39 2.3 1,449 1.8 54,573 1.8 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 20.24 16.1 783 15.0 34,164 15.0 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 12.74 7.1 502 6.7 23,557 6.7 Kindergarten teachers, except special education............... 40.56 6.8 1,494 5.4 55,346 5.4 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 41.73 1.8 1,475 1.4 55,112 1.4 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 42.13 1.9 1,475 1.5 55,200 1.5 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 40.38 2.7 1,472 2.1 54,752 2.1 Secondary school teachers....................................... 42.33 2.7 1,529 2.0 56,649 2.0 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 42.12 2.8 1,524 2.1 56,451 2.1 Vocational education teachers, secondary school............... 46.11 4.8 1,626 4.5 60,135 4.5 Special education teachers...................................... 40.58 3.5 1,482 2.7 56,172 2.7 Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school.......................................... 40.22 4.1 1,454 2.8 55,516 2.8 Special education teachers, middle school..................... 38.84 5.1 1,429 4.1 53,167 4.1 Special education teachers, secondary school.................. 42.02 4.9 1,554 4.5 58,754 4.5 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 33.54 10.5 1,222 10.4 52,878 10.4 Adult literacy, remedial education, and GED teachers and instructors.................................................. 34.56 15.7 1,267 14.2 52,935 14.2 Librarians........................................................ 34.40 6.7 1,297 6.1 61,157 6.1 Library technicians............................................... 15.38 2.3 593 2.8 28,741 2.8 Instructional coordinators........................................ 33.11 6.6 1,321 6.5 64,541 6.5 Teacher assistants................................................ 12.38 2.4 448 2.1 18,360 2.1 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 22.14 5.5 874 5.5 44,938 5.5 Designers......................................................... 22.30 4.6 884 4.6 45,975 4.6 Commercial and industrial designers............................. 35.75 8.0 1,430 8.0 74,353 8.0 Graphic designers............................................... 21.35 5.5 843 5.3 43,848 5.3 Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers................... 19.30 20.9 779 20.4 36,647 20.4 Coaches and scouts.............................................. 19.30 20.9 779 20.4 36,647 20.4 News analysts, reporters and correspondents....................... 19.50 13.9 800 13.3 41,585 13.3 Reporters and correspondents.................................... 19.50 13.9 800 13.3 41,585 13.3 Public relations specialists...................................... 22.99 6.6 933 6.5 48,528 6.5 Writers and editors............................................... 25.38 10.4 984 10.9 51,171 10.9 Editors......................................................... 25.61 17.4 962 18.8 50,046 18.8 Technical writers............................................... 24.89 7.8 1,007 8.4 52,373 8.4 Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators... 19.55 7.0 745 8.8 38,738 8.8 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 31.45 4.8 1,226 4.7 63,346 4.7 Dietitians and nutritionists...................................... 22.65 3.8 899 4.4 46,744 4.4 Pharmacists....................................................... 52.43 1.2 2,074 1.0 107,854 1.0 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 108.90 16.0 4,402 15.6 228,884 15.6 Family and general practitioners................................ 113.77 19.3 4,477 18.5 232,787 18.5 Internists, general............................................. 79.02 3.4 3,165 3.3 164,554 3.3 Psychiatrists................................................... 63.91 23.6 2,505 25.1 130,255 25.1 Registered nurses................................................. 30.75 1.9 1,193 1.9 61,792 1.9 Therapists........................................................ 30.34 4.6 1,173 4.3 58,244 4.3 Occupational therapists......................................... 31.89 3.6 1,227 4.5 60,692 4.5 Physical therapists............................................. 33.32 5.2 1,320 5.1 68,334 5.1 Recreational therapists......................................... 23.20 9.6 920 9.2 47,839 9.2 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 23.88 1.6 932 2.1 48,460 2.1 Speech-language pathologists.................................... 37.87 15.9 1,377 13.4 60,449 13.4 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 21.61 3.3 861 3.3 44,777 3.3 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 25.73 3.0 1,018 3.1 52,949 3.1 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 19.19 5.5 768 5.5 39,918 5.5 Dental hygienists................................................. 31.44 3.9 1,022 5.8 53,156 5.8 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 30.02 4.4 1,194 4.4 62,090 4.4 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 35.78 13.2 1,431 13.2 74,433 13.2 Diagnostic medical sonographers................................. 35.61 6.9 1,424 6.9 74,069 6.9 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 26.54 3.2 1,051 3.4 54,657 3.4 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................... 18.62 11.5 766 13.4 38,475 13.4 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 15.84 4.0 624 4.4 32,430 4.4 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 14.02 5.3 549 6.7 28,553 6.7 Psychiatric technicians......................................... 13.05 3.9 522 3.9 27,141 3.9 Surgical technologists.......................................... 19.00 4.3 749 4.1 38,940 4.1 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 19.79 1.8 753 1.8 39,059 1.8 Medical records and health information technicians................ 16.90 4.6 674 4.6 35,032 4.6 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 17.86 9.0 711 9.0 36,970 9.0 Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........ 26.99 8.1 1,073 7.8 55,778 7.8 Occupational health and safety specialists...................... 26.91 8.5 1,069 8.2 55,607 8.2 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.64 2.1 491 2.1 25,524 2.1 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.82 2.5 462 2.6 23,979 2.6 Home health aides............................................... 10.19 2.3 407 2.3 21,160 2.3 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 12.02 3.1 467 3.4 24,259 3.4 Psychiatric aides............................................... 13.49 6.1 524 5.7 27,258 5.7 Physical therapist assistants and aides........................... 16.35 10.7 642 11.7 33,405 11.7 Physical therapist assistants................................... 21.53 4.9 861 4.9 44,792 4.9 Physical therapist aides........................................ 12.57 3.2 488 4.0 25,352 4.0 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 13.75 4.1 529 3.5 27,495 3.5 Dental assistants............................................... 13.32 16.5 495 10.9 25,747 10.9 Medical assistants.............................................. 14.64 5.0 571 4.7 29,614 4.7 Medical equipment preparers..................................... 13.81 3.4 528 5.7 27,438 5.7 Medical transcriptionists....................................... 14.59 5.8 572 5.6 29,728 5.6 Pharmacy aides.................................................. 11.51 3.3 430 3.7 22,355 3.7 Protective service occupations...................................... 20.75 4.1 851 4.4 43,405 4.4 First-line supervisors/managers, law enforcement workers.......... 32.50 2.9 1,299 3.1 67,571 3.1 First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers........ 27.33 6.8 1,078 7.9 56,071 7.9 First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives........ 33.88 2.9 1,360 2.9 70,703 2.9 First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers........................................................ 25.88 9.7 1,209 8.3 62,892 8.3 Fire fighters..................................................... 22.88 1.9 1,146 1.7 59,593 1.7 Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers...................... 20.21 5.1 796 5.7 41,390 5.7 Correctional officers and jailers............................... 20.03 4.9 789 5.6 41,007 5.6 Detectives and criminal investigators............................. 29.37 6.8 1,203 6.7 62,577 6.7 Police officers................................................... 28.12 1.6 1,125 1.6 58,431 1.6 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 28.12 1.6 1,125 1.6 58,431 1.6 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 11.60 2.7 462 2.6 23,815 2.6 Security guards................................................. 11.57 2.7 460 2.6 23,750 2.6 Miscellaneous protective service workers.......................... 14.20 12.2 554 11.1 18,357 11.1 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.90 2.5 369 3.3 18,782 3.3 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 15.30 3.4 623 3.7 31,301 3.7 Chefs and head cooks............................................ 14.76 9.8 572 13.9 26,512 13.9 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 15.41 3.6 633 3.8 32,391 3.8 Cooks............................................................. 11.37 2.7 424 3.0 21,278 3.0 Cooks, fast food................................................ 8.30 2.5 300 5.1 15,583 5.1 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 12.59 4.7 461 5.6 22,170 5.6 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 11.02 2.3 417 2.5 21,443 2.5 Food preparation workers.......................................... 9.70 4.6 363 6.1 18,864 6.1 Food service, tipped.............................................. 5.14 6.3 179 6.1 9,224 6.1 Bartenders...................................................... 7.03 9.3 245 7.2 12,719 7.2 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.55 4.7 121 6.3 6,210 6.3 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 8.62 6.7 331 7.2 17,087 7.2 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 9.82 3.6 370 5.0 18,765 5.0 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 9.68 3.6 362 4.3 18,255 4.3 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 10.33 4.2 400 7.3 20,661 7.3 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 10.63 4.1 405 5.6 21,052 5.6 Dishwashers....................................................... 9.20 3.5 358 4.2 18,574 4.2 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......... 7.82 18.5 271 18.0 14,112 18.0 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 12.95 2.8 507 2.9 25,212 2.9 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 19.37 5.6 785 5.2 40,300 5.2 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 18.83 9.9 755 9.3 38,717 9.3 First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers................................... 19.75 5.9 806 5.3 41,456 5.3 Building cleaning workers......................................... 12.38 2.6 481 2.6 24,619 2.6 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 12.69 2.8 500 2.9 25,519 2.9 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 10.85 3.6 404 2.9 20,837 2.9 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 13.83 5.4 555 5.6 24,110 5.6 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 12.99 4.8 522 5.0 21,916 5.0 Personal care and service occupations............................... 13.39 3.6 487 3.5 23,468 3.5 First-line supervisors/managers of gaming workers................. 17.23 10.4 689 10.4 35,834 10.4 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 15.94 6.2 626 6.1 32,567 6.1 Gaming services workers........................................... 8.79 5.0 346 5.9 18,015 5.9 Gaming dealers.................................................. 7.04 6.1 276 6.9 14,341 6.9 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........ 7.96 7.2 322 7.4 8,368 7.4 Amusement and recreation attendants............................. 7.96 7.2 322 7.4 8,368 7.4 Barbers and cosmetologists........................................ 13.66 14.9 493 13.7 25,657 13.7 Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.................. 13.66 14.9 493 13.7 25,657 13.7 Transportation attendants......................................... 28.00 13.0 572 12.6 29,759 12.6 Flight attendants............................................... 30.89 12.6 565 11.7 29,360 11.7 Child care workers................................................ 10.33 3.6 400 3.8 20,383 3.8 Personal and home care aides...................................... 10.08 3.7 400 4.1 20,799 4.1 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 16.40 14.9 642 14.8 22,161 14.8 Recreation workers.............................................. 17.16 15.2 683 15.0 22,106 15.0 Sales and related occupations....................................... 20.29 3.2 818 3.3 42,079 3.3 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 22.73 6.8 932 6.8 48,120 6.8 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 19.50 8.1 799 7.8 41,156 7.8 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 35.93 11.1 1,481 10.9 77,036 10.9 Retail sales workers.............................................. 13.35 3.8 533 3.9 27,212 3.9 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 10.81 2.4 425 2.4 21,001 2.4 Cashiers...................................................... 10.74 2.2 423 2.4 20,887 2.4 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 15.12 6.7 617 7.4 31,919 7.4 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 13.88 8.5 564 10.1 28,851 10.1 Parts salespersons............................................ 15.77 8.7 646 9.2 33,594 9.2 Retail salespersons............................................. 14.47 5.4 580 5.5 30,119 5.5 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 21.28 12.8 853 12.0 44,338 12.0 Insurance sales agents............................................ 23.25 8.3 926 8.3 48,153 8.3 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 47.71 6.9 1,995 7.5 103,723 7.5 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 30.41 9.8 1,232 10.0 63,744 10.0 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 40.20 13.9 1,608 13.9 83,624 13.9 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 25.15 3.8 1,026 3.8 52,943 3.8 Real estate brokers and sales agents.............................. 15.59 16.5 635 16.9 33,043 16.9 Real estate sales agents........................................ 15.56 20.0 622 20.0 32,368 20.0 Telemarketers..................................................... 16.65 20.9 654 20.3 33,990 20.3 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 19.38 7.5 775 8.1 40,047 8.1 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 16.10 1.1 633 1.1 32,813 1.1 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 22.36 2.5 890 2.2 46,298 2.2 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 13.44 9.4 537 9.4 27,949 9.4 Financial clerks.................................................. 15.60 1.8 613 1.8 31,853 1.8 Bill and account collectors..................................... 15.83 5.4 626 5.4 32,447 5.4 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 16.61 4.1 642 4.6 33,409 4.6 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 16.66 1.3 651 1.3 33,831 1.3 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 18.70 1.9 746 2.0 38,782 2.0 Procurement clerks.............................................. 15.93 7.3 624 8.8 32,433 8.8 Tellers......................................................... 11.78 3.0 469 2.9 24,404 2.9 Brokerage clerks.................................................. 16.54 7.3 662 7.3 34,413 7.3 Court, municipal, and license clerks.............................. 18.25 3.5 694 4.1 36,103 4.1 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 15.86 11.2 627 11.3 32,627 11.3 Customer service representatives.................................. 16.10 2.4 637 2.3 33,111 2.3 Eligibility interviewers, government programs..................... 17.14 5.5 667 5.2 34,678 5.2 File clerks....................................................... 12.81 6.7 509 6.8 26,452 6.8 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 10.35 5.4 396 5.6 20,614 5.6 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 13.94 4.5 552 4.3 28,722 4.3 Library assistants, clerical...................................... 15.17 3.9 572 3.7 27,418 3.7 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 17.85 4.5 712 4.5 37,013 4.5 New accounts clerks............................................... 15.84 7.8 632 7.9 32,860 7.9 Order clerks...................................................... 15.15 3.8 597 3.7 31,019 3.7 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 18.69 5.6 752 5.3 39,091 5.3 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 13.09 1.5 510 1.7 26,497 1.7 Cargo and freight agents.......................................... 18.63 8.9 745 8.9 38,752 8.9 Dispatchers....................................................... 19.26 5.0 781 5.0 40,555 5.0 Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers......................... 19.13 4.6 765 4.6 39,602 4.6 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 19.32 6.8 788 6.8 40,970 6.8 Meter readers, utilities.......................................... 18.03 4.0 721 4.0 37,512 4.0 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 18.87 5.2 746 5.4 38,699 5.4 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 14.12 2.7 564 2.7 29,320 2.7 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 12.66 4.0 493 4.9 25,653 4.9 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........ 12.94 4.2 518 4.2 26,913 4.2 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 18.28 1.8 718 1.8 36,985 1.8 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 21.10 2.4 832 2.4 43,197 2.4 Legal secretaries............................................... 18.74 12.2 733 11.3 38,108 11.3 Medical secretaries............................................. 15.89 5.0 612 5.1 31,834 5.1 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 16.29 2.2 641 2.2 32,629 2.2 Computer operators................................................ 17.55 8.5 700 8.5 36,397 8.5 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 14.15 3.5 560 3.6 29,116 3.6 Data entry keyers............................................... 13.61 3.3 538 3.4 27,951 3.4 Word processors and typists..................................... 16.37 9.0 651 8.7 33,851 8.7 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 16.51 3.4 652 3.3 33,888 3.3 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..... 13.32 6.8 520 6.6 27,014 6.6 Office clerks, general............................................ 15.15 2.6 591 2.6 30,356 2.6 Office machine operators, except computer......................... 14.08 4.4 562 4.5 29,219 4.5 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.......................... 12.28 6.9 500 7.0 18,480 7.0 Miscellaneous agricultural workers................................ 11.21 7.1 451 6.7 15,865 6.7 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 23.73 3.1 936 3.3 46,672 3.3 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 31.60 8.4 1,266 8.4 65,520 8.4 Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons......................... 29.54 3.6 1,160 3.7 57,903 3.7 Brickmasons and blockmasons..................................... 29.96 4.8 1,175 4.7 58,589 4.7 Carpenters........................................................ 23.11 8.1 920 7.9 45,769 7.9 Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers.................. 21.31 10.0 843 10.8 43,812 10.8 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........... 24.15 10.7 957 11.3 45,811 11.3 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................ 24.15 10.7 957 11.3 45,811 11.3 Construction laborers............................................. 21.48 9.9 852 9.9 41,817 9.9 Construction equipment operators.................................. 22.99 12.8 894 12.3 41,258 12.3 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 22.68 13.5 887 13.0 41,656 13.0 Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers........... 28.31 15.3 1,132 15.3 52,373 15.3 Electricians...................................................... 26.43 5.1 1,057 5.1 54,953 5.1 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 21.60 11.2 863 11.2 42,939 11.2 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 21.60 11.2 863 11.2 42,939 11.2 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 26.31 5.8 1,050 5.7 54,596 5.7 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 26.41 6.0 1,054 5.9 54,812 5.9 Roofers........................................................... 20.85 8.5 721 8.8 32,261 8.8 Sheet metal workers............................................... 23.80 4.1 920 4.7 45,508 4.7 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 18.03 7.4 706 8.1 35,139 8.1 Helpers--carpenters............................................. 14.14 8.0 566 8.0 29,418 8.0 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 21.84 8.6 853 8.4 44,361 8.4 Highway maintenance workers....................................... 22.02 4.0 867 3.9 43,611 3.9 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 18.66 10.9 746 10.9 37,613 10.9 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 21.53 2.2 857 2.3 44,416 2.3 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 29.11 5.0 1,192 4.5 61,658 4.5 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......... 16.18 8.3 646 8.2 33,593 8.2 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 28.15 8.3 1,126 8.3 58,542 8.3 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 28.15 8.3 1,126 8.3 58,542 8.3 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 20.47 6.6 817 6.5 42,491 6.5 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 21.09 6.5 841 6.4 43,717 6.4 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 23.29 7.2 932 7.2 48,449 7.2 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 19.09 7.2 769 7.3 39,967 7.3 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 23.37 8.7 936 9.7 48,659 9.7 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 18.05 7.8 728 7.9 37,857 7.9 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 22.63 4.1 893 4.2 46,272 4.2 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 21.82 6.7 874 6.7 45,452 6.7 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 22.16 7.8 886 7.8 46,085 7.8 Small engine mechanics............................................ 15.57 8.2 623 8.2 32,394 8.2 Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics........ 16.77 7.5 671 7.5 34,882 7.5 Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanic, installers, and repairers.................................................. 11.15 7.5 446 7.5 23,193 7.5 Tire repairers and changers..................................... 10.81 7.8 432 7.8 22,479 7.8 Control and valve installers and repairers........................ 21.52 14.4 861 14.4 44,760 14.4 Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door......................................................... 25.05 4.9 1,002 4.9 52,114 4.9 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 22.19 10.0 846 8.4 44,008 8.4 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 21.35 3.6 850 3.7 44,204 3.7 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 23.93 2.8 956 2.8 49,734 2.8 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 18.57 3.7 736 3.9 38,270 3.9 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 19.15 6.8 766 6.8 39,797 6.8 Millwrights..................................................... 30.90 12.7 1,236 12.7 64,266 12.7 Line installers and repairers..................................... 25.41 9.7 1,016 9.7 52,133 9.7 Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................. 31.12 2.9 1,245 2.9 64,728 2.9 Telecommunications line installers and repairers................ 21.74 15.4 869 15.4 44,201 15.4 Precision instrument and equipment repairers...................... 23.82 13.6 953 13.6 49,539 13.6 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 17.46 5.8 698 5.8 35,521 5.8 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 11.82 7.3 473 7.3 23,795 7.3 Production occupations.............................................. 17.08 1.3 681 1.4 35,388 1.4 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 25.38 3.4 1,053 3.4 54,732 3.4 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 13.90 7.0 556 7.0 28,905 7.0 Coil winders, tapers, and finishers............................. 11.32 4.9 453 4.9 23,552 4.9 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 15.16 8.0 606 8.0 31,532 8.0 Electromechanical equipment assemblers.......................... 13.23 9.9 529 9.9 27,509 9.9 Engine and other machine assemblers............................... 20.88 5.5 831 5.6 43,237 5.6 Structural metal fabricators and fitters.......................... 15.90 6.9 628 6.8 32,322 6.8 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 17.81 4.5 710 4.6 36,864 4.6 Team assemblers................................................. 18.95 9.6 758 9.6 39,417 9.6 Bakers............................................................ 12.24 6.1 472 6.3 24,567 6.3 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 13.79 5.2 550 5.1 28,580 5.1 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 15.72 4.9 623 4.9 32,410 4.9 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 14.55 8.4 581 8.4 30,220 8.4 Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders.................................................. 13.36 14.1 535 14.1 27,799 14.1 Food batchmakers................................................ 14.78 9.9 591 9.9 30,693 9.9 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 19.15 5.4 766 5.4 39,831 5.4 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 18.31 4.2 732 4.2 38,076 4.2 Numerical tool and process control programmers.................. 23.77 11.2 951 11.2 49,451 11.2 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 15.13 8.4 602 8.5 31,226 8.5 Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 14.83 5.1 586 5.7 30,478 5.7 Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...................................................... 14.83 13.5 593 13.5 30,372 13.5 Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...................................................... 15.54 17.9 621 17.9 32,317 17.9 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 15.58 2.3 623 2.3 32,378 2.3 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 15.40 2.6 616 2.6 32,001 2.6 Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 15.35 8.9 614 8.9 31,734 8.9 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................... 14.79 4.4 591 4.4 30,736 4.4 Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 17.24 5.4 690 5.4 35,857 5.4 Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 18.36 8.4 734 8.4 38,022 8.4 Machinists........................................................ 21.63 3.6 861 3.8 44,766 3.8 Metal furnace and kiln operators and tenders...................... 17.50 12.7 700 12.7 36,399 12.7 Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders.................... 18.62 11.9 745 11.9 38,735 11.9 Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic................. 21.70 8.0 868 8.0 45,141 8.0 Model makers, metal and plastic................................. 22.89 10.5 916 10.5 47,615 10.5 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 14.21 6.1 567 6.0 29,493 6.0 Foundry mold and coremakers..................................... 17.16 7.5 686 7.5 35,690 7.5 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 13.96 6.6 557 6.5 28,986 6.5 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 16.99 6.1 675 6.5 35,082 6.5 Tool and die makers............................................... 24.94 2.8 997 2.8 51,748 2.8 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 17.19 2.9 686 2.9 35,618 2.9 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 17.09 3.5 682 3.5 35,428 3.5 Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 17.47 6.9 697 7.0 36,137 7.0 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 16.61 4.0 660 4.3 34,322 4.3 Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................. 17.04 6.5 682 6.5 35,439 6.5 Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 17.02 7.7 681 7.7 35,411 7.7 Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners........................... 20.54 7.4 811 7.1 42,198 7.1 Bookbinders and bindery workers................................... 15.16 7.6 602 7.4 31,320 7.4 Bindery workers................................................. 15.16 7.6 602 7.4 31,320 7.4 Printers.......................................................... 17.65 4.8 698 4.8 36,178 4.8 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 17.93 5.4 697 5.9 36,224 5.9 Printing machine operators...................................... 17.60 5.5 698 5.4 36,175 5.4 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 10.58 4.4 401 5.7 20,872 5.7 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 12.12 4.1 484 4.1 25,075 4.1 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 12.25 12.1 482 10.8 25,054 10.8 Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................ 16.96 7.5 673 7.2 34,732 7.2 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 12.47 6.0 499 6.0 25,920 6.0 Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood............ 11.48 8.7 459 8.7 23,850 8.7 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing....................................................... 13.55 5.5 542 5.5 28,181 5.5 Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers.............. 30.45 11.2 1,218 11.2 63,338 11.2 Power plant operators........................................... 25.80 7.7 1,032 7.7 53,655 7.7 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 25.00 6.5 1,000 6.5 51,993 6.5 Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators....... 20.86 3.3 834 3.2 43,360 3.2 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 21.48 10.4 849 9.4 44,169 9.4 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....... 24.07 15.7 963 15.7 50,074 15.7 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 17.03 8.2 681 8.2 35,413 8.2 Grinding and polishing workers, hand............................ 14.76 21.3 590 21.3 30,700 21.3 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 18.18 8.9 727 8.9 37,824 8.9 Cutting workers................................................... 13.60 7.2 528 9.0 27,453 9.0 Cutters and trimmers, hand...................................... 10.21 5.9 409 5.9 21,246 5.9 Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 14.66 9.1 564 11.8 29,321 11.8 Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................... 13.87 8.6 555 8.6 28,854 8.6 Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders...... 16.82 21.0 673 21.0 34,964 21.0 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 16.74 4.2 669 4.1 34,723 4.1 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.09 5.0 563 5.0 29,292 5.0 Painting workers.................................................. 15.08 4.4 603 4.4 31,334 4.4 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 13.58 4.4 543 4.4 28,238 4.4 Painters, transportation equipment.............................. 20.26 8.5 811 8.5 42,148 8.5 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 15.17 6.7 600 6.8 31,218 6.8 Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders...................................................... 21.93 20.5 877 20.5 45,612 20.5 Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders............. 20.02 11.8 796 11.7 41,410 11.7 Helpers--production workers..................................... 13.81 3.2 546 3.2 28,406 3.2 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 16.81 2.0 669 2.1 34,308 2.1 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 22.33 5.2 912 4.9 47,399 4.9 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 27.57 8.8 1,169 9.1 60,778 9.1 Bus drivers....................................................... 17.19 4.7 585 6.2 24,838 6.2 Bus drivers, transit and intercity.............................. 23.47 8.4 935 8.5 48,623 8.5 Bus drivers, school............................................. 15.58 4.4 511 6.1 20,893 6.1 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 18.28 2.2 762 2.6 39,092 2.6 Driver/sales workers............................................ 14.12 7.8 539 8.7 28,048 8.7 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 18.75 2.9 798 3.3 40,834 3.3 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 18.25 5.8 735 5.7 37,820 5.7 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................... 10.42 7.5 407 5.9 21,140 5.9 Railroad conductors and yardmasters............................... 30.60 8.6 1,224 8.6 63,650 8.6 Service station attendants........................................ 9.04 6.6 361 6.6 18,794 6.6 Conveyor operators and tenders.................................... 12.74 11.6 510 11.6 26,509 11.6 Crane and tower operators......................................... 16.93 11.3 677 11.3 35,221 11.3 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 16.33 11.6 649 11.7 32,460 11.7 Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators........... 16.33 11.6 649 11.7 32,460 11.7 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 15.13 4.6 603 4.6 31,085 4.6 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 12.58 3.5 501 3.5 25,913 3.5 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 12.50 9.6 501 9.5 26,042 9.5 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 13.67 4.5 544 4.5 27,991 4.5 Machine feeders and offbearers.................................. 12.04 6.3 481 6.3 25,014 6.3 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 10.91 3.6 433 3.5 22,520 3.5 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 The NCS uses the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification coding structure, which defines more than 800 unique occupations, to match jobs sampled by the survey. Military occupations are excluded from the survey. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see chapter 8 of the BLS Handbook of Methods, at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch8_a.htm. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees, exclusive of overtime. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.