RSE Table 12 Full-time(1) private industry workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $24.28 1.4% $963 1.4% $49,741 1.4% Management occupations.............................................. 47.11 3.0 1,910 3.0 98,989 3.0 Chief executives.................................................. 103.65 20.0 4,391 20.9 228,341 20.9 General and operations managers................................... 48.19 5.8 1,953 5.7 101,563 5.7 Advertising and promotions managers............................... 34.39 11.4 1,441 12.1 74,932 12.1 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 49.92 4.4 2,042 4.7 106,164 4.7 Marketing managers.............................................. 51.44 4.2 2,077 4.4 107,982 4.4 Sales managers.................................................. 48.42 9.4 2,006 9.9 104,316 9.9 Public relations managers......................................... 51.88 19.3 2,045 20.1 106,339 20.1 Administrative services managers.................................. 38.27 6.5 1,542 6.5 80,069 6.5 Computer and information systems managers......................... 54.97 8.4 2,296 9.3 119,412 9.3 Financial managers................................................ 48.58 7.6 1,968 7.7 102,336 7.7 Human resources managers.......................................... 48.98 12.8 1,946 13.2 101,209 13.2 Industrial production managers.................................... 49.00 5.2 1,965 5.1 102,171 5.1 Purchasing managers............................................... 50.46 6.1 2,077 4.3 108,005 4.3 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 40.67 4.0 1,629 4.2 84,721 4.2 Construction managers............................................. 45.26 4.8 1,844 4.5 95,884 4.5 Education administrators.......................................... 28.02 6.0 1,121 6.3 54,111 6.3 Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program............................................... 20.68 13.3 844 15.0 40,923 15.0 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 40.99 15.6 1,640 15.6 84,991 15.6 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 34.98 7.0 1,393 7.2 71,305 7.2 Engineering managers.............................................. 62.34 3.7 2,503 3.7 130,151 3.7 Food service managers............................................. 27.89 12.5 1,232 13.4 64,074 13.4 Lodging managers.................................................. 42.90 27.6 1,775 25.6 92,314 25.6 Medical and health services managers.............................. 47.92 3.8 1,916 3.8 99,613 3.8 Property, real estate, and community association managers......... 30.51 5.8 1,234 5.8 64,144 5.8 Social and community service managers............................. 27.26 6.9 1,078 6.8 55,922 6.8 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 33.43 1.7 1,349 1.9 70,129 1.9 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 34.26 6.2 1,412 7.8 73,439 7.8 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 30.95 8.2 1,241 8.1 64,523 8.1 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 36.73 10.1 1,548 12.6 80,520 12.6 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 27.14 5.1 1,068 5.3 55,558 5.3 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 28.29 4.3 1,115 4.5 57,973 4.5 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation..................................... 36.81 11.9 1,489 12.6 77,419 12.6 Cost estimators................................................... 34.12 10.8 1,365 10.7 70,955 10.7 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 32.80 5.9 1,314 5.9 68,352 5.9 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 27.74 12.1 1,110 12.1 57,706 12.1 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists............ 31.18 11.8 1,253 11.7 65,145 11.7 Training and development specialists............................ 35.44 8.2 1,417 8.2 73,707 8.2 Logisticians...................................................... 34.76 9.6 1,391 9.6 72,309 9.6 Management analysts............................................... 38.91 5.5 1,565 5.4 81,378 5.4 Meeting and convention planners................................... 29.75 13.4 1,178 13.2 61,240 13.2 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 32.26 4.6 1,301 4.8 67,643 4.8 Credit analysts................................................... 34.11 12.8 1,364 12.8 70,949 12.8 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 34.47 5.6 1,379 5.6 71,693 5.6 Financial analysts.............................................. 37.30 2.2 1,496 2.1 77,776 2.1 Personal financial advisors..................................... 25.14 24.9 1,005 24.9 52,283 24.9 Insurance underwriters.......................................... 33.48 8.5 1,328 8.3 69,031 8.3 Loan counselors and officers...................................... 25.69 12.2 1,028 12.2 53,446 12.2 Loan officers................................................... 25.80 12.3 1,032 12.3 53,665 12.3 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 39.64 3.1 1,612 3.1 83,827 3.1 Computer programmers.............................................. 44.27 9.8 1,755 10.1 91,275 10.1 Computer software engineers....................................... 47.91 2.4 1,991 2.0 103,552 2.0 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 45.58 3.9 1,926 3.4 100,171 3.4 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 50.48 2.5 2,060 2.4 107,142 2.4 Computer support specialists...................................... 28.33 7.2 1,148 7.7 59,652 7.7 Computer systems analysts......................................... 39.53 4.1 1,604 4.4 83,395 4.4 Database administrators........................................... 41.00 12.2 1,638 12.7 85,162 12.7 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 33.78 4.4 1,337 4.2 69,542 4.2 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 35.77 11.0 1,408 11.3 73,230 11.3 Operations research analysts...................................... 36.51 14.9 1,460 14.9 75,940 14.9 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 42.76 3.1 1,730 3.2 89,705 3.2 Architects, except naval.......................................... 33.28 8.6 1,361 9.1 70,750 9.1 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 33.61 9.6 1,376 10.2 71,541 10.2 Engineers......................................................... 48.43 3.6 1,967 3.9 102,251 3.9 Aerospace engineers............................................. 55.15 4.3 2,206 4.3 114,715 4.3 Civil engineers................................................. 42.22 8.2 1,690 8.2 87,865 8.2 Computer hardware engineers..................................... 50.37 7.0 2,168 8.7 112,754 8.7 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 49.64 11.3 2,042 10.9 106,180 10.9 Electrical engineers.......................................... 50.26 5.6 2,035 5.1 105,812 5.1 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 49.45 15.5 2,044 15.1 106,295 15.1 Environmental engineers......................................... 40.20 10.1 1,669 9.6 86,795 9.6 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 40.51 3.7 1,634 4.1 84,962 4.1 Industrial engineers.......................................... 41.97 2.9 1,697 3.2 88,251 3.2 Mechanical engineers............................................ 52.69 9.8 2,151 10.0 111,844 10.0 Nuclear engineers............................................... 47.88 1.3 1,915 1.3 99,600 1.3 Petroleum engineers............................................. 50.75 3.0 2,030 3.0 100,204 3.0 Drafters.......................................................... 28.61 8.6 1,144 8.6 59,499 8.6 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 24.08 5.1 963 5.1 50,091 5.1 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 29.52 4.8 1,181 4.8 60,281 4.8 Aerospace engineering and operations technicians................ 30.92 5.0 1,237 5.0 64,313 5.0 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 27.94 4.7 1,118 4.7 58,111 4.7 Surveying and mapping technicians................................. 30.81 12.0 1,232 12.0 64,083 12.0 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 33.98 6.8 1,382 7.2 71,865 7.2 Life scientists................................................... 35.66 11.1 1,424 11.3 74,064 11.3 Biological scientists........................................... 34.40 11.7 1,373 12.1 71,402 12.1 Biochemists and biophysicists................................. 36.31 19.2 1,442 19.6 74,977 19.6 Physical scientists............................................... 32.67 5.5 1,370 5.0 71,241 5.0 Chemists and materials scientists............................... 29.48 6.9 1,188 6.1 61,766 6.1 Chemists...................................................... 29.48 6.9 1,188 6.1 61,766 6.1 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 30.29 3.8 1,311 4.2 68,149 4.2 Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers............ 28.98 3.9 1,312 7.8 68,229 7.8 Market and survey researchers..................................... 50.77 6.9 2,146 7.1 111,614 7.1 Market research analysts........................................ 50.77 6.9 2,146 7.1 111,614 7.1 Biological technicians............................................ 25.24 8.2 1,006 8.3 52,289 8.3 Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...... 26.49 15.8 1,060 15.8 55,095 15.8 Community and social services occupations........................... 20.55 10.5 806 11.1 41,507 11.1 Counselors........................................................ 18.66 17.4 725 18.2 37,489 18.2 Mental health counselors........................................ 20.57 5.8 807 5.8 41,977 5.8 Social workers.................................................... 26.22 10.1 1,050 10.3 54,317 10.3 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 20.94 7.1 838 7.1 42,751 7.1 Medical and public health social workers........................ 29.67 5.8 1,183 5.9 61,527 5.9 Mental health and substance abuse social workers................ 29.24 26.2 1,179 26.5 61,326 26.5 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 16.68 11.9 655 13.0 33,380 13.0 Social and human service assistants............................. 14.48 8.5 564 10.1 28,557 10.1 Legal occupations................................................... 54.15 15.8 2,174 16.0 113,038 16.0 Lawyers........................................................... 76.45 14.2 3,095 14.7 160,945 14.7 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 29.40 5.7 1,167 5.5 60,699 5.5 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 29.64 12.6 1,186 12.6 61,652 12.6 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 29.22 8.9 1,142 8.7 51,529 8.7 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 47.99 8.3 1,882 8.0 87,435 8.0 Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................... 53.86 3.8 2,109 4.2 80,751 4.2 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 49.86 23.3 1,994 23.3 103,114 23.3 Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.................... 54.51 28.1 2,180 28.1 112,533 28.1 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 34.86 8.2 1,270 11.6 50,909 11.6 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 38.69 17.3 1,531 17.1 77,539 17.1 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 21.39 14.2 835 13.8 36,507 13.8 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 13.56 7.6 531 7.5 25,406 7.5 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 12.78 5.9 500 5.8 24,220 5.8 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 29.86 6.3 1,140 5.7 43,042 5.7 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 29.90 8.9 1,139 8.0 43,458 8.0 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 29.76 6.6 1,142 6.6 42,220 6.6 Secondary school teachers....................................... 39.44 9.4 1,571 9.5 62,552 9.5 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 39.44 9.4 1,571 9.5 62,552 9.5 Librarians........................................................ 42.03 11.8 1,643 12.1 80,398 12.1 Teacher assistants................................................ 11.53 3.5 445 4.2 21,382 4.2 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 30.88 10.1 1,230 9.6 63,947 9.6 Artists and related workers....................................... 39.10 22.0 1,553 22.5 80,755 22.5 Designers......................................................... 26.45 7.2 1,047 6.6 54,443 6.6 Graphic designers............................................... 26.76 10.3 1,067 10.3 55,470 10.3 Interior designers.............................................. 29.75 6.1 1,137 3.8 59,120 3.8 Actors, producers, and directors.................................. 42.53 6.4 1,701 6.4 88,472 6.4 Producers and directors......................................... 42.53 6.4 1,701 6.4 88,472 6.4 News analysts, reporters and correspondents....................... 22.52 11.6 896 11.6 46,611 11.6 Reporters and correspondents.................................... 22.52 11.6 896 11.6 46,611 11.6 Public relations specialists...................................... 24.86 12.2 982 12.2 51,054 12.2 Writers and editors............................................... 32.27 5.6 1,241 5.7 64,557 5.7 Technical writers............................................... 36.88 5.6 1,439 5.3 74,852 5.3 Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators... 32.78 9.6 1,366 11.5 71,009 11.5 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 36.56 5.0 1,427 5.1 74,189 5.1 Dietitians and nutritionists...................................... 28.23 6.8 1,106 7.0 57,510 7.0 Pharmacists....................................................... 56.14 1.3 2,228 1.5 115,861 1.5 Physician assistants.............................................. 50.39 16.8 1,976 16.8 102,728 16.8 Registered nurses................................................. 40.21 1.9 1,540 2.0 80,094 2.0 Therapists........................................................ 40.28 5.6 1,595 5.9 82,852 5.9 Occupational therapists......................................... 40.67 9.4 1,627 9.4 84,591 9.4 Physical therapists............................................. 42.81 8.0 1,708 8.0 88,793 8.0 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 31.68 4.3 1,213 7.4 63,081 7.4 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 24.41 3.8 973 3.7 50,601 3.7 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 31.84 3.8 1,267 4.1 65,884 4.1 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 19.83 7.2 791 7.1 41,134 7.1 Dental hygienists................................................. 44.72 9.3 1,539 8.6 80,046 8.6 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 29.85 5.1 1,185 5.1 61,640 5.1 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 37.79 13.0 1,512 13.0 78,612 13.0 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 27.77 6.1 1,102 6.1 57,325 6.1 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................... 13.25 9.0 537 8.0 27,923 8.0 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 19.88 3.3 773 3.5 40,182 3.5 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 17.86 7.6 695 8.0 36,124 8.0 Surgical technologists.......................................... 22.41 4.4 884 4.0 45,968 4.0 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 22.89 2.2 893 2.7 46,439 2.7 Medical records and health information technicians................ 15.67 3.3 627 3.3 32,603 3.3 Opticians, dispensing............................................. 17.29 6.8 692 6.8 35,958 6.8 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 26.46 18.2 1,011 20.1 52,572 20.1 Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........ 23.86 9.4 954 9.4 49,623 9.4 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 14.83 2.5 577 2.6 29,984 2.6 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 12.42 2.2 482 2.3 25,089 2.3 Home health aides............................................... 11.72 6.1 424 6.3 22,047 6.3 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 12.45 2.2 486 2.3 25,296 2.3 Psychiatric aides............................................... 13.43 9.8 537 9.8 27,925 9.8 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 16.00 3.1 622 2.9 32,312 2.9 Dental assistants............................................... 18.22 3.5 678 3.1 35,276 3.1 Medical assistants.............................................. 15.08 3.3 593 3.1 30,793 3.1 Pharmacy aides.................................................. 18.01 13.5 720 13.5 37,460 13.5 Protective service occupations...................................... 13.25 6.1 525 6.0 27,289 6.0 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 12.25 5.8 484 5.6 25,193 5.6 Security guards................................................. 12.25 5.8 484 5.6 25,193 5.6 Miscellaneous protective service workers.......................... 14.41 7.1 576 7.1 29,975 7.1 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 11.71 1.9 449 1.7 23,316 1.7 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 18.17 5.8 736 6.3 37,784 6.3 Chefs and head cooks............................................ 21.55 8.2 870 8.3 44,368 8.3 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 17.50 5.4 709 6.0 36,472 6.0 Cooks............................................................. 12.47 2.0 481 2.1 24,981 2.1 Cooks, fast food................................................ 10.05 5.7 392 6.2 20,407 6.2 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 14.78 5.2 587 5.3 30,454 5.3 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 12.67 2.5 485 3.0 25,198 3.0 Cooks, short order.............................................. 11.63 6.5 449 7.3 23,362 7.3 Food preparation workers.......................................... 10.53 7.1 414 7.3 21,552 7.3 Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.76 2.2 326 3.0 16,925 3.0 Bartenders...................................................... 9.41 4.4 350 5.6 18,191 5.6 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 8.44 2.6 313 3.6 16,238 3.6 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 9.01 3.1 340 5.1 17,658 5.1 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 10.30 1.9 401 2.3 20,829 2.3 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 10.28 1.8 402 2.0 20,902 2.0 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 10.41 6.1 394 9.1 20,479 9.1 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 11.10 4.8 439 4.6 22,835 4.6 Dishwashers....................................................... 10.53 6.2 399 6.9 20,741 6.9 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......... 11.18 8.4 366 12.0 19,020 12.0 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 12.80 2.8 501 3.2 26,020 3.2 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 18.85 9.7 752 9.7 39,109 9.7 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 18.17 9.6 728 9.6 37,847 9.6 Building cleaning workers......................................... 12.12 5.2 474 5.7 24,611 5.7 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 12.78 6.9 506 7.0 26,290 7.0 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 10.90 2.9 418 3.3 21,721 3.3 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 13.42 4.3 522 4.3 27,120 4.3 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 13.02 4.8 513 4.9 26,605 4.9 Personal care and service occupations............................... 13.19 3.9 488 3.5 25,078 3.5 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 15.20 10.9 611 10.2 31,774 10.2 Gaming services workers........................................... 9.84 9.1 373 10.1 19,392 10.1 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........ 10.55 6.8 416 7.4 19,859 7.4 Amusement and recreation attendants............................. 10.05 9.2 404 9.6 18,534 9.6 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................... 11.04 5.6 438 5.6 22,754 5.6 Baggage porters and bellhops.................................... 9.99 10.1 400 10.1 20,781 10.1 Concierges...................................................... 11.82 9.3 465 9.3 24,183 9.3 Transportation attendants......................................... 26.86 10.1 631 5.0 32,823 5.0 Flight attendants............................................... 28.80 7.4 636 5.8 33,090 5.8 Child care workers................................................ 10.61 3.7 417 3.1 21,402 3.1 Personal and home care aides...................................... 11.52 4.0 446 5.6 23,182 5.6 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 16.57 7.8 652 7.8 33,913 7.8 Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors....................... 18.71 5.3 730 5.9 37,968 5.9 Sales and related occupations....................................... 21.47 3.1 852 3.2 43,968 3.2 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 22.32 5.5 915 6.1 47,579 6.1 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 20.00 6.1 824 7.1 42,838 7.1 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 28.95 9.5 1,170 9.5 60,866 9.5 Retail sales workers.............................................. 14.50 5.2 570 5.3 29,214 5.3 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 11.44 2.9 452 2.8 23,291 2.8 Cashiers...................................................... 11.43 2.9 452 2.8 23,288 2.8 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 17.47 6.6 696 6.7 36,180 6.7 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 17.68 17.7 707 17.7 36,779 17.7 Parts salespersons............................................ 17.40 6.5 692 6.7 35,987 6.7 Retail salespersons............................................. 16.08 6.2 628 6.6 31,975 6.6 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 23.73 11.5 939 10.9 48,851 10.9 Insurance sales agents............................................ 42.99 24.5 1,718 24.8 89,329 24.8 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 63.60 16.8 2,544 16.8 132,284 16.8 Travel agents..................................................... 19.85 14.1 794 14.1 41,286 14.1 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 32.19 5.9 1,304 5.8 67,814 5.8 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 42.81 9.3 1,714 9.3 89,104 9.3 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 28.33 7.8 1,153 7.8 59,937 7.8 Models, demonstrators, and product promoters...................... 20.90 18.9 831 19.0 43,228 19.0 Demonstrators and product promoters............................. 20.90 18.9 831 19.0 43,228 19.0 Real estate brokers and sales agents.............................. 30.94 27.4 1,238 27.4 64,353 27.4 Real estate sales agents........................................ 30.94 27.4 1,238 27.4 64,353 27.4 Sales engineers................................................... 34.27 25.7 1,371 25.7 71,275 25.7 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 19.93 8.4 768 9.1 39,566 9.1 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 18.03 1.2 716 1.3 37,172 1.3 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 24.89 3.0 998 3.3 51,878 3.3 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 13.24 6.8 530 6.8 27,547 6.8 Financial clerks.................................................. 17.92 1.6 713 1.7 37,065 1.7 Bill and account collectors..................................... 19.94 5.2 797 5.2 41,465 5.2 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 17.52 3.4 697 3.4 36,224 3.4 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 18.75 2.5 748 2.5 38,898 2.5 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 17.68 2.5 701 2.2 36,459 2.2 Procurement clerks.............................................. 15.57 7.1 592 5.3 30,784 5.3 Tellers......................................................... 14.31 2.4 565 2.6 29,401 2.6 Brokerage clerks.................................................. 20.03 4.2 801 4.2 41,654 4.2 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 20.24 5.4 810 5.4 42,095 5.4 Customer service representatives.................................. 17.50 4.4 700 4.4 36,375 4.4 File clerks....................................................... 16.91 3.6 664 3.3 34,528 3.3 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 12.10 5.1 475 4.8 24,708 4.8 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 16.52 6.2 647 5.7 33,652 5.7 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 16.17 5.3 643 5.2 33,460 5.2 New accounts clerks............................................... 18.77 10.3 751 10.3 39,034 10.3 Order clerks...................................................... 16.36 4.8 652 4.7 33,265 4.7 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 19.92 4.7 791 5.3 41,141 5.3 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 14.54 3.7 575 3.8 29,865 3.8 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.... 17.36 8.7 694 8.7 36,112 8.7 Cargo and freight agents.......................................... 29.20 23.6 1,167 23.6 60,659 23.6 Couriers and messengers........................................... 11.00 15.5 440 15.5 22,872 15.5 Dispatchers....................................................... 18.43 6.2 736 6.0 38,255 6.0 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 18.75 5.8 747 5.7 38,845 5.7 Meter readers, utilities.......................................... 27.51 5.6 1,100 5.6 57,219 5.6 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 21.28 4.9 851 4.9 44,256 4.9 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 13.92 1.7 557 1.7 28,955 1.7 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 14.70 4.1 582 4.1 30,276 4.1 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........ 15.43 5.7 617 5.7 30,488 5.7 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 22.90 2.5 902 2.4 46,815 2.4 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 24.24 1.9 967 2.0 50,292 2.0 Legal secretaries............................................... 27.46 6.3 1,056 5.8 54,899 5.8 Medical secretaries............................................. 20.75 11.1 779 9.6 40,341 9.6 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 17.92 4.3 714 4.1 36,929 4.1 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 15.15 6.8 600 6.8 31,203 6.8 Data entry keyers............................................... 13.56 3.2 535 3.1 27,815 3.1 Word processors and typists..................................... 18.53 21.1 741 21.1 38,551 21.1 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 19.24 4.6 759 5.0 39,444 5.0 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..... 11.61 9.6 459 9.4 23,884 9.4 Office clerks, general............................................ 16.19 2.6 642 2.5 33,327 2.5 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.......................... 19.47 14.6 760 16.0 37,323 16.0 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 23.89 2.3 945 2.2 48,380 2.2 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 35.47 5.5 1,414 5.2 72,062 5.2 Carpenters........................................................ 24.69 4.7 983 4.7 50,022 4.7 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........... 25.27 5.2 906 12.2 45,810 12.2 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................ 25.27 5.2 906 12.2 45,810 12.2 Construction laborers............................................. 18.89 5.3 737 5.4 37,010 5.4 Construction equipment operators.................................. 25.45 8.4 1,013 8.3 49,205 8.3 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 28.95 9.9 1,158 9.9 57,533 9.9 Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers........... 22.39 10.0 886 9.1 45,835 9.1 Drywall and ceiling tile installers............................. 24.28 9.8 959 9.0 49,483 9.0 Tapers.......................................................... 20.07 13.4 797 12.6 41,329 12.6 Electricians...................................................... 30.02 7.5 1,191 7.3 61,937 7.3 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 18.91 5.6 750 6.0 38,984 6.0 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 18.77 5.7 743 6.1 38,659 6.1 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 29.39 3.2 1,176 3.2 61,136 3.2 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 29.33 3.3 1,173 3.3 61,014 3.3 Plasterers and stucco masons...................................... 26.54 21.1 1,062 21.1 55,212 21.1 Roofers........................................................... 19.27 13.4 769 13.5 39,315 13.5 Sheet metal workers............................................... 33.16 17.2 1,327 17.2 68,979 17.2 Structural iron and steel workers................................. 28.68 6.0 1,147 6.0 59,047 6.0 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 15.73 9.5 620 10.7 32,209 10.7 Helpers--carpenters............................................. 15.00 7.0 600 7.0 31,038 7.0 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 27.86 13.3 1,114 13.3 57,954 13.3 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 14.57 18.2 583 18.2 29,667 18.2 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 24.52 2.1 982 2.2 51,017 2.2 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 33.17 3.8 1,335 4.0 69,440 4.0 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......... 19.99 11.9 798 11.9 41,507 11.9 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 28.03 4.2 1,118 4.2 58,144 4.2 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 28.03 4.2 1,118 4.2 58,144 4.2 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 26.08 8.8 1,052 9.6 54,654 9.6 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 28.83 6.3 1,177 7.1 61,073 7.1 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 31.74 3.2 1,270 3.2 66,018 3.2 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 22.85 7.8 912 7.8 47,404 7.8 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 23.86 10.0 954 10.0 49,627 10.0 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 22.77 9.1 908 9.1 47,218 9.1 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 24.37 4.7 971 4.9 50,517 4.9 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 23.54 6.2 942 6.2 48,964 6.2 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 24.00 5.7 960 5.7 49,922 5.7 Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanic, installers, and repairers.................................................. 13.77 4.7 551 4.7 28,637 4.7 Tire repairers and changers..................................... 13.74 4.8 550 4.8 28,574 4.8 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 35.46 15.6 1,469 14.5 75,862 14.5 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 22.13 2.8 881 2.7 45,800 2.7 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 25.87 2.9 1,033 2.9 53,726 2.9 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 20.00 5.9 797 5.7 41,434 5.7 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 19.50 8.8 769 9.2 39,985 9.2 Line installers and repairers..................................... 28.27 4.8 1,131 4.8 58,795 4.8 Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................. 37.98 3.3 1,519 3.3 79,007 3.3 Telecommunications line installers and repairers................ 27.61 5.2 1,105 5.2 57,439 5.2 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 16.64 7.6 666 7.6 34,451 7.6 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 12.00 9.1 480 9.1 24,765 9.1 Production occupations.............................................. 16.62 1.9 659 2.0 34,040 2.0 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 27.03 4.8 1,092 5.2 56,775 5.2 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 13.41 6.6 533 7.0 27,695 7.0 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 12.50 7.8 494 8.6 25,693 8.6 Electromechanical equipment assemblers.......................... 14.42 16.6 577 16.6 30,002 16.6 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 14.30 3.9 563 3.8 29,295 3.8 Team assemblers................................................. 10.64 7.2 426 7.2 22,137 7.2 Bakers............................................................ 12.14 4.1 483 4.0 25,140 4.0 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 17.34 7.7 686 7.8 35,672 7.8 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 17.85 7.6 705 7.8 36,645 7.8 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 12.58 6.1 503 6.1 26,155 6.1 Food batchmakers................................................ 13.40 6.8 535 6.8 27,822 6.8 Food cooking machine operators and tenders...................... 9.63 3.3 385 3.3 20,021 3.3 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 20.65 8.0 817 9.0 42,487 9.0 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 20.06 9.7 792 11.0 41,197 11.0 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 18.16 9.2 727 9.2 37,782 9.2 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 15.04 7.8 602 7.8 31,292 7.8 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 17.50 9.4 700 9.4 36,403 9.4 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................... 12.05 5.2 482 5.2 25,055 5.2 Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 13.62 6.8 545 6.8 28,329 6.8 Machinists........................................................ 24.88 3.6 980 4.4 50,947 4.4 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 16.30 11.3 652 11.3 33,911 11.3 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 16.14 16.3 646 16.3 33,581 16.3 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 13.41 4.1 537 4.1 27,901 4.1 Tool and die makers............................................... 23.83 4.0 953 4.0 49,567 4.0 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 20.34 4.6 814 4.6 42,304 4.6 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 20.78 5.6 831 5.6 43,227 5.6 Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 18.24 14.5 729 14.5 37,930 14.5 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 15.66 7.4 627 7.4 32,579 7.4 Bookbinders and bindery workers................................... 16.28 19.7 611 19.6 31,787 19.6 Bindery workers................................................. 16.28 19.7 611 19.6 31,787 19.6 Printers.......................................................... 19.52 6.4 780 6.4 40,558 6.4 Job printers.................................................... 17.62 14.0 705 14.0 36,651 14.0 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 26.45 9.4 1,058 9.4 55,008 9.4 Printing machine operators...................................... 17.55 6.7 701 6.7 36,448 6.7 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 11.63 13.0 459 13.1 23,875 13.1 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 8.94 6.2 353 4.6 18,373 4.6 Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders................... 9.85 7.9 394 7.9 20,483 7.9 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 12.62 17.9 505 17.9 26,241 17.9 Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................ 14.32 4.1 573 4.1 29,775 4.1 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 12.95 8.9 512 8.8 26,539 8.8 Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood............ 13.60 8.0 533 8.4 27,620 8.4 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing....................................................... 11.85 12.3 474 12.3 24,647 12.3 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 32.71 5.2 1,252 3.4 65,087 3.4 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 29.36 9.1 994 12.6 48,742 12.6 Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers 32.27 3.6 1,278 4.1 66,455 4.1 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....... 17.77 6.9 671 7.2 34,879 7.2 Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders...................... 18.07 7.8 688 8.3 35,784 8.3 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 12.12 14.2 485 14.2 25,168 14.2 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 11.67 18.4 467 18.4 24,274 18.4 Cutting workers................................................... 14.05 17.9 536 17.8 26,475 17.8 Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 14.19 18.7 540 18.7 27,330 18.7 Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................... 15.88 19.2 635 19.2 33,035 19.2 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 17.04 4.7 681 4.7 34,728 4.7 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.20 9.4 563 9.2 28,893 9.2 Painting workers.................................................. 14.62 17.4 554 22.2 28,795 22.2 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 12.86 10.7 483 14.5 25,134 14.5 Photographic process workers and processing machine operators..... 18.19 13.4 718 12.4 37,324 12.4 Semiconductor processors.......................................... 17.71 6.1 708 6.1 36,831 6.1 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 14.33 8.0 569 7.8 28,785 7.8 Helpers--production workers..................................... 10.92 4.9 437 4.9 20,633 4.9 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 16.61 2.6 656 2.5 33,785 2.5 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 22.85 8.4 914 8.4 47,535 8.4 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 26.23 5.6 1,049 5.6 54,525 5.6 Aircraft pilots and flight engineers.............................. 98.61 14.5 2,130 11.5 110,740 11.5 Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers.................. 99.74 14.4 2,141 11.5 111,312 11.5 Bus drivers....................................................... 15.97 3.2 618 1.5 30,597 1.5 Bus drivers, transit and intercity.............................. 16.18 2.9 625 1.2 32,007 1.2 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 18.95 2.4 767 2.8 39,741 2.8 Driver/sales workers............................................ 16.63 14.9 723 13.1 37,617 13.1 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 20.37 1.9 825 3.4 42,767 3.4 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 17.21 5.7 687 5.7 35,599 5.7 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................... 11.49 15.7 444 16.1 23,099 16.1 Parking lot attendants............................................ 9.26 11.1 370 11.1 19,254 11.1 Service station attendants........................................ 9.88 10.0 374 11.0 19,451 11.0 Crane and tower operators......................................... 35.13 4.3 1,393 4.6 72,437 4.6 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 23.23 8.5 929 8.5 48,309 8.5 Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators........... 22.65 8.4 906 8.4 47,118 8.4 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 15.53 3.7 620 3.7 31,777 3.7 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 12.63 2.9 498 2.9 25,433 2.9 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 12.32 1.8 474 2.8 24,499 2.8 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 13.28 2.6 526 2.7 27,081 2.7 Machine feeders and offbearers.................................. 10.90 14.2 434 14.2 22,561 14.2 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 10.91 9.2 430 9.3 21,241 9.3 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 The NCS uses the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification coding structure, which defines more than 800 unique occupations, to match jobs sampled by the survey. Military occupations are excluded from the survey. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see chapter 8 of the BLS Handbook of Methods, at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch8_a.htm. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees, exclusive of overtime. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.