RSE Table 12 Full-time(1) private industry workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $20.54 1.2% $814 1.2% $42,124 1.2% Management occupations.............................................. 42.20 2.2 1,735 2.4 90,188 2.4 Chief executives.................................................. 72.75 21.9 3,549 16.9 184,547 16.9 General and operations managers................................... 45.72 9.3 1,934 10.3 100,559 10.3 Advertising and promotions managers............................... 33.18 14.9 1,322 13.9 68,763 13.9 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 43.99 4.8 1,795 5.0 93,333 5.0 Marketing managers.............................................. 43.16 5.1 1,728 5.4 89,870 5.4 Sales managers.................................................. 44.62 8.4 1,847 8.4 96,056 8.4 Public relations managers......................................... 30.27 11.9 1,207 12.1 62,761 12.1 Administrative services managers.................................. 28.84 3.7 1,187 3.8 61,719 3.8 Computer and information systems managers......................... 53.28 4.2 2,176 4.9 113,131 4.9 Financial managers................................................ 42.93 5.1 1,728 5.1 89,861 5.1 Human resources managers.......................................... 47.78 9.5 1,956 10.2 101,731 10.2 Compensation and benefits managers.............................. 38.48 15.4 1,619 16.0 84,183 16.0 Training and development managers............................... 60.25 17.2 2,385 17.3 123,997 17.3 Industrial production managers.................................... 40.25 7.7 1,642 8.2 85,392 8.2 Purchasing managers............................................... 42.11 15.2 1,724 14.5 89,622 14.5 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 42.57 10.7 1,696 10.7 88,207 10.7 Construction managers............................................. 37.91 6.3 1,560 5.4 81,102 5.4 Education administrators.......................................... 37.87 14.9 1,493 15.5 76,657 15.5 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 39.75 8.4 1,501 14.3 77,370 14.3 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 45.20 19.3 1,793 18.9 92,206 18.9 Engineering managers.............................................. 57.46 7.8 2,390 8.0 124,280 8.0 Food service managers............................................. 23.74 6.6 1,124 8.4 58,108 8.4 Medical and health services managers.............................. 32.35 18.3 1,402 14.2 72,923 14.2 Property, real estate, and community association managers......... 27.21 9.0 1,108 8.8 57,604 8.8 Social and community service managers............................. 26.83 7.7 1,073 6.7 55,773 6.7 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 32.87 2.3 1,327 2.3 68,995 2.3 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 28.55 6.0 1,139 6.0 59,243 6.0 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 26.68 5.5 1,064 5.3 55,340 5.3 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 29.66 7.3 1,184 7.3 61,552 7.3 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 27.97 7.1 1,107 7.0 57,575 7.0 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 27.97 7.1 1,107 7.0 57,575 7.0 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation..................................... 40.66 19.1 1,634 20.3 84,966 20.3 Cost estimators................................................... 32.36 7.2 1,338 8.7 69,577 8.7 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 30.24 5.8 1,221 5.3 63,491 5.3 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 28.63 8.3 1,152 8.3 59,903 8.3 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists............ 28.94 3.3 1,154 3.4 60,008 3.4 Training and development specialists............................ 28.89 11.5 1,180 9.7 61,360 9.7 Logisticians...................................................... 34.35 7.3 1,380 7.6 71,710 7.6 Management analysts............................................... 41.59 5.5 1,673 5.0 87,015 5.0 Meeting and convention planners................................... 23.12 8.3 906 8.3 47,091 8.3 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 30.20 5.8 1,233 5.7 64,136 5.7 Budget analysts................................................... 31.04 9.6 1,215 10.0 63,204 10.0 Credit analysts................................................... 41.65 22.4 1,666 22.4 86,630 22.4 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 36.35 6.7 1,486 6.9 77,281 6.9 Financial analysts.............................................. 39.69 7.8 1,651 8.2 85,865 8.2 Personal financial advisors..................................... 33.64 12.6 1,345 12.6 69,965 12.6 Insurance underwriters.......................................... 28.77 11.5 1,141 11.5 59,352 11.5 Loan counselors and officers...................................... 29.35 5.5 1,194 5.8 62,092 5.8 Loan officers................................................... 29.35 6.0 1,190 6.1 61,881 6.1 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 37.37 2.7 1,494 2.7 77,653 2.7 Computer and information scientists, research..................... 57.77 2.6 2,311 2.6 120,166 2.6 Computer programmers.............................................. 34.87 7.0 1,429 6.5 74,291 6.5 Computer software engineers....................................... 42.63 1.6 1,707 1.6 88,762 1.6 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 42.55 2.1 1,702 2.1 88,491 2.1 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 42.76 2.8 1,717 3.0 89,277 3.0 Computer support specialists...................................... 27.78 6.4 1,096 6.4 56,828 6.4 Computer systems analysts......................................... 41.38 3.6 1,652 3.5 85,915 3.5 Database administrators........................................... 36.01 8.5 1,429 8.4 74,296 8.4 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 34.24 4.8 1,372 4.8 71,078 4.8 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 32.48 7.5 1,295 7.3 67,321 7.3 Operations research analysts...................................... 37.08 6.9 1,471 7.1 76,476 7.1 Statisticians..................................................... 34.83 8.3 1,388 8.2 72,200 8.2 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 34.00 3.3 1,366 3.3 71,047 3.3 Architects, except naval.......................................... 38.46 7.8 1,539 7.8 80,024 7.8 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 39.47 7.2 1,579 7.2 82,121 7.2 Engineers......................................................... 39.87 1.9 1,605 1.9 83,432 1.9 Aerospace engineers............................................. 40.65 7.8 1,626 7.8 84,554 7.8 Civil engineers................................................. 35.94 3.8 1,439 3.8 74,810 3.8 Computer hardware engineers..................................... 49.29 3.9 1,975 3.8 102,707 3.8 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 37.98 2.3 1,530 2.2 79,569 2.2 Electrical engineers.......................................... 39.00 4.3 1,560 4.3 81,118 4.3 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 37.32 2.6 1,510 2.5 78,536 2.5 Environmental engineers......................................... 37.45 14.0 1,498 14.0 77,891 14.0 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 39.30 9.4 1,606 9.1 83,498 9.1 Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors............................................. 46.22 14.2 1,902 12.2 98,900 12.2 Industrial engineers.......................................... 35.63 7.6 1,450 7.7 75,408 7.7 Mechanical engineers............................................ 34.00 5.7 1,381 5.6 71,727 5.6 Drafters.......................................................... 23.78 6.6 951 6.6 49,465 6.6 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 27.15 4.9 1,086 4.9 56,481 4.9 Mechanical drafters............................................. 24.57 4.0 983 4.0 51,109 4.0 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 25.57 4.7 1,028 5.0 53,459 5.0 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 26.02 2.8 1,039 2.8 54,053 2.8 Mechanical engineering technicians.............................. 28.37 16.8 1,204 20.4 62,622 20.4 Surveying and mapping technicians................................. 16.32 6.1 653 6.1 33,950 6.1 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 34.41 6.1 1,366 5.9 71,048 5.9 Life scientists................................................... 36.91 6.5 1,392 7.7 72,391 7.7 Biological scientists........................................... 35.08 11.7 1,248 8.6 64,899 8.6 Medical scientists.............................................. 38.36 12.8 1,513 12.5 78,656 12.5 Physical scientists............................................... 37.21 11.0 1,496 11.7 77,809 11.7 Chemists and materials scientists............................... 40.85 20.2 1,657 21.3 86,147 21.3 Chemists...................................................... 38.39 24.9 1,562 26.4 81,212 26.4 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 29.79 12.8 1,191 12.8 61,954 12.8 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.... 27.28 13.3 1,091 13.3 56,746 13.3 Market and survey researchers..................................... 40.08 27.2 1,606 27.2 83,517 27.2 Market research analysts........................................ 28.92 5.0 1,159 5.0 60,292 5.0 Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers............... 43.46 11.2 1,733 10.7 90,125 10.7 Biological technicians............................................ 22.77 10.8 906 10.7 47,108 10.7 Chemical technicians.............................................. 22.24 7.2 889 7.2 46,251 7.2 Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...... 23.03 9.0 918 8.8 47,748 8.8 Community and social services occupations........................... 16.97 3.5 658 4.2 34,165 4.2 Counselors........................................................ 17.80 5.6 698 5.9 36,271 5.9 Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors.............. 16.29 6.9 652 6.9 33,882 6.9 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 21.11 7.1 813 4.9 42,281 4.9 Rehabilitation counselors....................................... 15.73 5.2 615 4.1 31,992 4.1 Social workers.................................................... 18.68 3.7 737 3.6 38,232 3.6 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 16.02 6.2 624 4.9 32,179 4.9 Medical and public health social workers........................ 21.96 6.8 867 6.6 45,061 6.6 Mental health and substance abuse social workers................ 19.16 6.2 767 6.2 39,860 6.2 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 12.96 9.2 483 10.1 25,102 10.1 Social and human service assistants............................. 12.14 12.8 465 14.8 24,184 14.8 Legal occupations................................................... 37.83 7.4 1,497 7.0 77,830 7.0 Lawyers........................................................... 58.76 6.7 2,346 6.5 122,012 6.5 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 24.00 5.4 943 5.8 49,030 5.8 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 19.15 7.3 761 7.8 39,549 7.8 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 27.97 5.3 1,090 5.5 48,985 5.5 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 39.66 12.7 1,530 13.1 70,063 13.1 Business teachers, postsecondary................................ 44.38 13.0 1,793 9.7 69,146 9.7 Math and computer teachers, postsecondary....................... 48.67 9.3 1,808 9.7 78,541 9.7 Life sciences teachers, postsecondary........................... 44.88 9.0 1,838 7.6 81,574 7.6 Biological science teachers, postsecondary.................... 44.88 9.0 1,838 7.6 81,574 7.6 Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................... 45.24 7.4 1,712 7.7 75,024 7.7 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 41.12 8.7 1,657 7.9 67,508 7.9 English language and literature teachers, postsecondary....... 38.84 9.4 1,626 16.6 64,449 16.6 Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary............... 43.44 14.1 1,794 10.2 70,081 10.2 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 22.89 6.1 855 12.3 43,722 12.3 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 26.85 5.4 1,043 5.5 41,340 5.5 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 13.21 7.3 528 7.3 25,373 7.3 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 13.21 7.3 528 7.3 25,373 7.3 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 29.18 5.4 1,106 5.4 42,010 5.4 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 28.23 7.3 1,068 7.0 40,466 7.0 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 30.45 5.0 1,155 5.2 44,079 5.2 Secondary school teachers....................................... 30.71 3.9 1,218 4.4 46,555 4.4 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 30.71 3.9 1,218 4.4 46,555 4.4 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 19.93 29.0 829 20.3 39,387 20.3 Librarians........................................................ 30.11 9.4 1,145 9.2 50,070 9.2 Teacher assistants................................................ 11.39 4.7 437 4.6 21,455 4.6 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 27.06 8.1 1,077 8.1 55,860 8.1 Artists and related workers....................................... 28.43 21.6 1,132 21.3 58,422 21.3 Designers......................................................... 20.31 8.7 818 8.7 42,561 8.7 Graphic designers............................................... 20.61 8.5 831 8.6 43,209 8.6 Actors, producers, and directors.................................. 28.36 15.7 1,144 15.9 59,491 15.9 Producers and directors......................................... 29.10 15.9 1,174 16.1 61,072 16.1 Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers................... 25.50 17.6 948 17.6 49,084 17.6 Coaches and scouts.............................................. 25.89 21.4 938 22.2 48,531 22.2 News analysts, reporters and correspondents....................... 30.24 20.7 1,200 20.7 62,408 20.7 Reporters and correspondents.................................... 30.24 20.7 1,200 20.7 62,408 20.7 Public relations specialists...................................... 32.47 8.8 1,299 8.4 67,549 8.4 Writers and editors............................................... 32.81 14.4 1,306 14.3 67,926 14.3 Editors......................................................... 29.10 21.5 1,153 21.3 59,976 21.3 Technical writers............................................... 36.82 20.9 1,482 20.8 77,060 20.8 Writers and authors............................................. 32.07 18.6 1,259 17.1 65,473 17.1 Photographers..................................................... 16.56 8.9 660 8.7 34,294 8.7 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 27.36 3.5 1,073 3.4 55,771 3.4 Pharmacists....................................................... 50.75 4.5 1,998 4.5 103,874 4.5 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 88.57 15.4 3,629 15.6 188,733 15.6 Registered nurses................................................. 29.47 1.4 1,143 1.4 59,434 1.4 Therapists........................................................ 29.65 3.9 1,163 3.9 60,458 3.9 Occupational therapists......................................... 32.89 4.3 1,305 4.4 67,861 4.4 Physical therapists............................................. 32.91 5.0 1,286 5.2 66,881 5.2 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 25.75 3.8 1,006 3.8 52,333 3.8 Speech-language pathologists.................................... 31.95 5.3 1,221 3.7 63,470 3.7 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 20.26 3.2 806 3.9 41,930 3.9 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 22.59 5.2 911 4.5 47,355 4.5 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 17.63 4.1 691 4.4 35,953 4.4 Dental hygienists................................................. 28.27 7.0 991 6.3 51,541 6.3 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 26.23 3.3 1,039 3.3 54,019 3.3 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 23.48 8.2 939 8.2 48,838 8.2 Diagnostic medical sonographers................................. 31.54 6.2 1,258 6.2 65,396 6.2 Nuclear medicine technologists.................................. 33.32 2.4 1,333 2.4 69,309 2.4 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 24.61 4.2 966 4.2 50,239 4.2 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................... 14.30 11.8 610 10.9 31,708 10.9 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 15.84 5.2 623 5.2 32,403 5.2 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 13.98 5.0 557 5.0 28,952 5.0 Respiratory therapy technicians................................. 24.67 7.4 904 6.9 46,990 6.9 Surgical technologists.......................................... 18.72 6.2 745 6.5 38,715 6.5 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 17.72 5.5 691 5.0 35,915 5.0 Medical records and health information technicians................ 18.52 6.8 728 7.3 37,870 7.3 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 17.65 3.9 706 3.9 36,718 3.9 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.77 2.3 494 2.4 25,696 2.4 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.04 1.4 425 1.6 22,097 1.6 Home health aides............................................... 10.02 3.1 380 3.5 19,783 3.5 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 11.32 1.5 436 1.5 22,691 1.5 Psychiatric aides............................................... 9.45 7.0 378 7.0 19,658 7.0 Physical therapist assistants and aides........................... 19.50 9.9 780 9.9 40,549 9.9 Physical therapist assistants................................... 21.12 14.2 844 14.2 43,911 14.2 Physical therapist aides........................................ 16.29 17.2 652 17.2 33,892 17.2 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 13.79 2.6 536 2.6 27,870 2.6 Dental assistants............................................... 16.93 3.8 643 5.2 33,445 5.2 Medical assistants.............................................. 13.42 3.3 525 3.6 27,306 3.6 Medical equipment preparers..................................... 12.66 7.6 496 8.2 25,783 8.2 Medical transcriptionists....................................... 15.45 3.2 615 2.9 31,965 2.9 Pharmacy aides.................................................. 11.83 8.8 420 7.2 21,833 7.2 Protective service occupations...................................... 12.22 5.4 486 5.4 22,437 5.4 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 11.34 3.6 449 3.6 23,326 3.6 Security guards................................................. 11.34 3.6 449 3.6 23,326 3.6 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.96 2.4 339 2.9 17,589 2.9 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 14.01 3.5 576 4.1 29,768 4.1 Chefs and head cooks............................................ 15.16 14.6 606 14.6 31,266 14.6 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 13.83 2.7 571 3.4 29,519 3.4 Cooks............................................................. 10.38 2.4 401 2.5 20,810 2.5 Cooks, fast food................................................ 8.65 7.3 335 11.2 17,412 11.2 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 11.22 2.5 435 3.8 22,255 3.8 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 10.87 4.0 421 3.9 21,886 3.9 Cooks, short order.............................................. 9.83 4.3 380 4.7 19,752 4.7 Food preparation workers.......................................... 10.33 2.7 403 3.7 20,651 3.7 Food service, tipped.............................................. 4.90 8.0 174 9.0 9,028 9.0 Bartenders...................................................... 6.15 16.4 213 17.9 11,068 17.9 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.90 5.0 138 5.8 7,154 5.8 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 7.81 8.1 292 7.7 15,115 7.7 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 8.61 3.0 325 3.4 16,876 3.4 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 8.58 3.2 324 3.7 16,835 3.7 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 8.85 4.7 331 5.9 17,143 5.9 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 8.01 5.9 313 6.7 16,276 6.7 Dishwashers....................................................... 8.69 4.4 329 3.3 17,014 3.3 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......... 9.34 13.9 313 17.8 16,280 17.8 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.89 2.0 428 2.1 22,149 2.1 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 18.98 5.1 760 5.4 39,534 5.4 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 17.29 5.3 686 5.3 35,678 5.3 First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers................................... 21.09 7.5 854 8.4 44,431 8.4 Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.07 2.4 393 2.3 20,421 2.3 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.33 3.7 406 3.4 21,052 3.4 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 9.41 2.4 362 3.1 18,843 3.1 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 10.54 2.7 419 2.7 21,448 2.7 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 10.44 2.7 415 2.7 21,222 2.7 Personal care and service occupations............................... 13.98 6.3 506 6.6 26,154 6.6 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 16.35 6.7 709 8.4 36,845 8.4 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........ 11.61 4.0 464 4.7 23,920 4.7 Amusement and recreation attendants............................. 12.06 5.0 479 5.4 24,544 5.4 Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants............. 10.74 8.5 434 11.7 22,579 11.7 Barbers and cosmetologists........................................ 19.87 16.6 725 18.2 36,789 18.2 Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.................. 19.87 16.6 725 18.2 36,789 18.2 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................... 10.66 12.1 394 15.2 20,494 15.2 Transportation attendants......................................... – – 660 21.9 34,305 21.9 Flight attendants............................................... 44.28 1.1 858 1.2 44,624 1.2 Child care workers................................................ 9.26 3.2 358 2.9 18,538 2.9 Personal and home care aides...................................... 10.53 2.0 420 2.1 21,856 2.1 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 13.57 14.4 540 14.6 28,056 14.6 Recreation workers.............................................. 11.77 15.5 467 15.5 24,286 15.5 Sales and related occupations....................................... 17.87 2.8 713 2.9 36,759 2.9 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 19.79 5.5 815 5.7 42,377 5.7 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 18.13 6.5 746 6.7 38,807 6.7 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 27.44 9.0 1,133 8.8 58,916 8.8 Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.13 2.3 481 2.4 24,700 2.4 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 9.88 2.3 385 2.1 19,758 2.1 Cashiers...................................................... 9.88 2.4 385 2.1 19,762 2.1 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 14.36 5.9 574 6.0 29,866 6.0 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 11.42 7.9 448 8.4 23,300 8.4 Parts salespersons............................................ 17.15 6.5 698 6.2 36,312 6.2 Retail salespersons............................................. 13.57 2.6 545 2.7 27,933 2.7 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 24.10 13.9 964 13.9 50,119 13.9 Insurance sales agents............................................ 27.97 11.2 1,065 11.0 55,380 11.0 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 46.32 20.5 1,855 19.8 96,434 19.8 Travel agents..................................................... 12.76 6.1 510 6.1 26,541 6.1 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 28.66 7.8 1,161 7.3 60,377 7.3 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 38.83 17.3 1,560 17.0 81,144 17.0 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 23.87 4.6 971 4.7 50,481 4.7 Models, demonstrators, and product promoters...................... 15.64 15.1 626 15.1 31,000 15.1 Demonstrators and product promoters............................. 15.64 15.1 626 15.1 31,000 15.1 Real estate brokers and sales agents.............................. 19.39 19.4 769 17.6 39,982 17.6 Real estate sales agents........................................ 19.22 20.2 762 18.3 39,637 18.3 Telemarketers..................................................... 15.56 10.8 598 12.8 31,073 12.8 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 21.79 10.1 872 10.2 43,881 10.2 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 15.75 1.1 623 1.1 32,373 1.1 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 22.69 5.2 913 5.4 47,465 5.4 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 11.00 5.9 440 5.9 22,883 5.9 Telephone operators............................................... 10.50 9.4 420 9.4 21,827 9.4 Financial clerks.................................................. 15.52 1.5 611 1.8 31,745 1.8 Bill and account collectors..................................... 15.37 3.6 614 3.6 31,938 3.6 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 15.75 2.4 622 2.5 32,363 2.5 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 16.23 2.4 631 3.2 32,745 3.2 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 17.64 4.1 709 4.2 36,851 4.2 Procurement clerks.............................................. 17.93 7.2 714 7.3 37,130 7.3 Tellers......................................................... 13.02 2.1 519 2.2 27,008 2.2 Brokerage clerks.................................................. 16.18 5.5 641 5.4 33,312 5.4 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 18.81 6.1 753 6.1 39,134 6.1 Customer service representatives.................................. 15.41 2.0 614 1.9 31,657 1.9 File clerks....................................................... 11.54 4.8 461 4.8 23,974 4.8 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 10.05 3.1 403 3.0 20,972 3.0 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 13.29 13.7 514 16.8 26,323 16.8 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 15.74 5.2 626 5.4 32,542 5.4 New accounts clerks............................................... 16.27 7.1 651 7.1 33,837 7.1 Order clerks...................................................... 15.88 6.4 635 6.4 33,039 6.4 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 18.18 10.4 717 9.5 37,288 9.5 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 12.68 2.3 496 2.3 25,805 2.3 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.... 14.69 6.0 587 6.0 30,545 6.0 Dispatchers....................................................... 17.35 5.6 697 5.6 36,242 5.6 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 17.93 5.4 721 5.7 37,479 5.7 Meter readers, utilities.......................................... 15.71 7.4 628 7.4 32,673 7.4 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 19.20 3.2 770 3.2 40,033 3.2 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 13.55 2.7 540 2.7 28,096 2.7 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 12.30 3.0 492 3.1 25,585 3.1 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........ 12.43 12.6 497 12.6 25,848 12.6 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 18.60 2.5 733 2.5 38,093 2.5 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 22.06 3.9 876 3.9 45,528 3.9 Legal secretaries............................................... 23.27 6.1 883 5.9 45,920 5.9 Medical secretaries............................................. 14.00 5.1 555 5.0 28,847 5.0 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 15.93 3.1 628 3.0 32,563 3.0 Computer operators................................................ 17.33 6.3 688 6.5 35,770 6.5 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 14.25 3.8 566 3.8 29,437 3.8 Data entry keyers............................................... 13.82 3.9 549 4.0 28,565 4.0 Word processors and typists..................................... 17.90 8.1 704 7.2 36,613 7.2 Desktop publishers................................................ 17.76 9.2 697 9.8 36,106 9.8 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 16.32 4.4 644 4.4 33,474 4.4 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..... 11.19 7.0 445 6.9 23,161 6.9 Office clerks, general............................................ 14.93 1.6 585 1.6 30,414 1.6 Office machine operators, except computer......................... 12.06 6.4 482 6.4 25,075 6.4 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.......................... 13.53 8.1 447 7.4 23,226 7.4 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.92 2.7 675 2.7 35,021 2.7 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 25.66 5.2 1,049 5.4 54,561 5.4 Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons......................... 18.44 9.1 737 9.1 38,133 9.1 Brickmasons and blockmasons..................................... 19.29 9.0 772 9.0 39,841 9.0 Carpenters........................................................ 17.80 3.9 696 4.1 36,130 4.1 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........... 15.12 5.0 594 5.5 30,871 5.5 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................ 15.12 5.0 594 5.5 30,871 5.5 Construction laborers............................................. 11.95 4.4 476 4.4 24,681 4.4 Construction equipment operators.................................. 15.63 2.8 624 2.8 32,327 2.8 Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators.............. 13.03 8.4 521 8.4 26,703 8.4 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 16.30 4.3 651 4.3 33,813 4.3 Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers........... 16.65 6.4 664 6.3 34,520 6.3 Drywall and ceiling tile installers............................. 16.67 6.6 665 6.5 34,569 6.5 Electricians...................................................... 21.16 4.7 845 4.7 43,949 4.7 Insulation workers................................................ 16.95 7.2 678 7.2 35,253 7.2 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 14.44 7.1 577 7.1 30,027 7.1 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 14.66 8.3 586 8.3 30,493 8.3 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 17.69 5.5 708 5.5 36,772 5.5 Pipelayers...................................................... 12.96 5.8 519 5.8 26,842 5.8 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 18.56 5.1 742 5.1 38,599 5.1 Roofers........................................................... 14.43 5.1 577 5.1 29,964 5.1 Sheet metal workers............................................... 18.42 7.7 732 7.7 37,976 7.7 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 11.77 4.1 462 3.7 23,996 3.7 Helpers--carpenters............................................. 12.20 5.1 471 4.9 24,492 4.9 Helpers--electricians........................................... 12.86 2.2 514 2.2 26,744 2.2 Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.... 10.43 2.7 417 2.7 21,689 2.7 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 22.77 5.5 918 5.4 47,753 5.4 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 17.36 10.2 693 10.1 36,031 10.1 Mining machine operators.......................................... 22.66 22.9 931 26.9 48,414 26.9 Continuous mining machine operators............................. 25.80 10.0 1,070 15.3 55,651 15.3 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 20.28 2.3 815 2.4 42,372 2.4 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 26.69 4.4 1,096 4.6 57,007 4.6 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......... 18.86 3.1 754 3.1 39,227 3.1 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 28.14 3.9 1,126 3.9 58,540 3.9 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 28.14 3.9 1,126 3.9 58,540 3.9 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 21.56 6.0 857 6.4 44,544 6.4 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 20.36 5.6 804 6.0 41,792 6.0 Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay.................................................... 29.27 2.2 1,154 2.9 60,021 2.9 Security and fire alarm systems installers...................... 21.29 14.6 851 14.6 44,278 14.6 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 27.58 7.1 1,103 7.1 57,361 7.1 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 17.81 5.2 727 5.4 37,816 5.4 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 16.69 10.2 679 10.6 35,323 10.6 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 17.98 6.1 736 6.4 38,281 6.4 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 18.41 5.5 743 5.5 38,645 5.5 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 20.97 5.2 838 5.2 43,590 5.2 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 21.29 4.7 851 4.7 44,244 4.7 Small engine mechanics............................................ 14.78 13.0 580 11.8 30,166 11.8 Motorboat mechanics............................................. 14.98 17.5 585 15.8 30,394 15.8 Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanic, installers, and repairers.................................................. 9.96 10.0 392 12.4 20,402 12.4 Tire repairers and changers..................................... 9.57 9.9 377 12.4 19,592 12.4 Control and valve installers and repairers........................ 19.98 10.8 798 10.7 41,521 10.7 Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door......................................................... 22.34 5.6 892 5.6 46,395 5.6 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 20.26 8.0 809 7.9 42,057 7.9 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 18.84 2.9 752 2.8 39,026 2.8 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 22.43 3.7 886 3.8 46,055 3.8 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 17.09 4.1 680 4.1 35,311 4.1 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 16.92 6.8 696 6.1 36,156 6.1 Line installers and repairers..................................... 25.79 2.4 1,031 2.4 53,634 2.4 Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................. 25.86 6.9 1,034 6.9 53,788 6.9 Telecommunications line installers and repairers................ 25.76 2.1 1,030 2.1 53,576 2.1 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 14.28 3.5 570 3.6 29,661 3.6 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 12.51 5.6 499 5.7 25,966 5.7 Production occupations.............................................. 15.23 2.4 604 2.5 31,376 2.5 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 23.77 5.5 957 5.3 49,781 5.3 Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers..... 23.61 4.1 945 4.1 49,117 4.1 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 13.45 5.3 535 5.7 27,813 5.7 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 13.09 6.9 524 6.9 27,235 6.9 Electromechanical equipment assemblers.......................... 14.60 5.8 584 5.8 30,360 5.8 Structural metal fabricators and fitters.......................... 14.14 10.8 566 10.8 29,414 10.8 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 14.55 5.3 579 5.3 30,087 5.3 Team assemblers................................................. 13.10 5.4 522 5.3 27,146 5.3 Bakers............................................................ 12.79 4.0 505 4.1 25,379 4.1 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 10.98 3.2 438 3.2 22,786 3.2 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 12.94 6.6 514 7.0 26,722 7.0 Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers.................... 10.30 1.4 412 1.4 21,420 1.4 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 11.18 7.7 447 7.7 23,245 7.7 Food batchmakers................................................ 12.22 6.9 489 6.9 25,414 6.9 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 16.45 5.6 651 5.3 33,852 5.3 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 16.45 5.6 651 5.3 33,852 5.3 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 18.84 10.0 723 10.0 37,614 10.0 Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 17.16 7.3 658 7.4 34,196 7.4 Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...................................................... 25.98 27.3 1,001 28.3 52,057 28.3 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 13.27 6.7 527 6.5 27,392 6.5 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 12.85 8.2 512 8.3 26,621 8.3 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................... 13.86 5.7 548 5.8 28,514 5.8 Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 14.80 13.9 578 15.0 30,057 15.0 Machinists........................................................ 20.58 4.5 823 4.5 42,802 4.5 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 12.86 6.7 510 7.2 26,522 7.2 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 12.86 6.7 510 7.2 26,522 7.2 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 17.19 5.6 688 5.6 35,754 5.6 Tool and die makers............................................... 21.66 6.8 866 6.8 45,056 6.8 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 18.39 4.6 730 4.7 37,911 4.7 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 18.61 5.2 742 5.2 38,563 5.2 Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 17.09 3.7 661 3.2 34,178 3.2 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 14.99 14.0 600 13.8 31,166 13.8 Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 15.53 23.3 621 23.3 32,294 23.3 Printers.......................................................... 15.50 7.3 612 6.9 31,815 6.9 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 17.48 12.8 699 12.8 36,355 12.8 Printing machine operators...................................... 15.11 8.0 595 7.5 30,925 7.5 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 9.69 6.2 380 6.2 19,743 6.2 Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials................. 9.41 6.0 346 5.7 17,981 5.7 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 12.72 10.1 504 10.5 26,200 10.5 Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders................... 12.79 7.4 507 7.5 26,382 7.5 Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders...... 10.68 4.0 423 3.4 21,978 3.4 Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders......... 11.22 10.1 444 11.1 23,093 11.1 Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 13.70 3.8 548 3.8 28,501 3.8 Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders....................................... 12.78 11.4 505 11.8 26,256 11.8 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 16.61 5.2 657 5.1 34,177 5.1 Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers................................... 17.32 10.9 681 11.6 35,436 11.6 Upholsterers.................................................... 17.97 9.6 714 9.3 37,115 9.3 Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................ 17.73 11.5 654 9.4 33,983 9.4 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 13.82 4.9 553 4.9 28,747 4.9 Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood............ 12.91 3.6 516 3.6 26,847 3.6 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing....................................................... 14.48 6.1 579 6.1 30,111 6.1 Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers.............. 32.18 7.2 1,275 7.6 66,318 7.6 Power plant operators........................................... 28.78 1.6 1,128 2.0 58,647 2.0 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 22.95 4.6 924 5.1 48,070 5.1 Chemical plant and system operators............................. 22.74 5.6 920 6.1 47,851 6.1 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....... 20.63 9.6 819 9.6 42,583 9.6 Chemical equipment operators and tenders........................ 20.84 10.7 834 10.7 43,355 10.7 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 15.74 10.5 622 10.3 32,362 10.3 Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders.................................................. 18.05 16.8 722 16.8 37,549 16.8 Grinding and polishing workers, hand............................ 11.84 5.7 466 6.7 24,243 6.7 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 16.18 13.6 638 13.2 33,175 13.2 Cutting workers................................................... 14.25 5.2 566 5.0 29,455 5.0 Cutters and trimmers, hand...................................... 14.60 9.6 575 8.8 29,908 8.8 Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 14.10 6.4 563 6.3 29,267 6.3 Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................... 13.49 23.1 537 22.5 27,901 22.5 Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders...... 20.58 21.8 823 21.8 42,815 21.8 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 14.20 3.7 567 3.7 29,397 3.7 Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians............ 18.86 8.2 754 8.2 39,222 8.2 Dental laboratory technicians................................... 19.09 9.2 764 9.2 39,712 9.2 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.71 9.1 587 9.2 30,509 9.2 Painting workers.................................................. 16.41 10.9 661 11.3 34,390 11.3 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 14.76 9.6 585 9.7 30,401 9.7 Painters, transportation equipment.............................. 21.33 14.2 887 13.0 46,144 13.0 Painting, coating, and decorating workers....................... 12.89 12.1 516 12.1 26,812 12.1 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 13.89 4.6 549 4.7 28,540 4.7 Cementing and gluing machine operators and tenders.............. 13.58 20.3 530 21.9 27,551 21.9 Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic......... 15.10 5.4 604 5.4 31,409 5.4 Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders............. 17.48 13.0 699 13.0 36,354 13.0 Tire builders................................................... 19.88 12.8 795 12.8 41,354 12.8 Helpers--production workers..................................... 11.84 4.8 468 4.8 24,284 4.8 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 15.81 2.2 636 2.3 33,023 2.3 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 17.48 6.5 719 6.4 37,396 6.4 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 26.52 5.3 1,111 5.9 57,747 5.9 Aircraft pilots and flight engineers.............................. 105.48 17.0 2,238 11.6 116,400 11.6 Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers.................. 136.93 6.8 2,636 2.9 137,065 2.9 Bus drivers....................................................... 12.01 7.1 477 7.2 24,752 7.2 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 16.94 2.6 705 3.1 36,595 3.1 Driver/sales workers............................................ 15.03 10.0 608 10.8 31,421 10.8 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 17.28 2.7 744 3.6 38,603 3.6 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 16.91 6.8 671 6.7 34,896 6.7 Parking lot attendants............................................ 8.40 6.9 336 6.9 17,475 6.9 Crane and tower operators......................................... 24.25 3.6 968 3.7 50,326 3.7 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 16.72 5.7 669 5.7 34,692 5.7 Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators........... 16.57 6.5 663 6.5 34,353 6.5 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 15.16 2.8 610 3.0 31,572 3.0 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 11.54 2.0 459 2.1 23,849 2.1 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 10.42 7.4 415 7.8 21,597 7.8 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 12.04 2.0 479 2.1 24,904 2.1 Machine feeders and offbearers.................................. 11.29 5.7 451 5.7 23,436 5.7 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 10.45 3.5 415 3.6 21,521 3.6 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 The NCS uses the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification coding structure, which defines more than 800 unique occupations, to match jobs sampled by the survey. Military occupations are excluded from the survey. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see chapter 8 of the BLS Handbook of Methods, at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch8_a.htm. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees, exclusive of overtime. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.