RSE Table 11 Full-time(1) civilian workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $23.94 1.6% $950 1.6% $48,454 1.6% Management occupations.............................................. 44.52 3.8 1,807 3.8 93,290 3.8 Chief executives.................................................. 89.26 18.0 3,855 18.2 199,840 18.2 General and operations managers................................... 45.75 6.9 1,880 6.9 97,759 6.9 Advertising and promotions managers............................... 38.03 29.4 1,521 29.4 79,098 29.4 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 52.26 13.3 2,144 13.5 111,479 13.5 Marketing managers.............................................. 61.69 21.0 2,529 21.7 131,521 21.7 Sales managers.................................................. 43.68 14.6 1,793 13.5 93,215 13.5 Public relations managers......................................... 49.75 21.6 1,971 22.2 102,471 22.2 Administrative services managers.................................. 31.22 4.8 1,254 5.0 65,110 5.0 Computer and information systems managers......................... 55.67 6.6 2,312 7.1 119,090 7.1 Financial managers................................................ 45.05 4.5 1,833 4.5 95,186 4.5 Human resources managers.......................................... 45.27 11.3 1,810 10.6 94,096 10.6 Industrial production managers.................................... 45.07 3.5 1,804 3.1 93,802 3.1 Purchasing managers............................................... 43.00 3.2 1,756 4.5 91,295 4.5 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 36.11 6.2 1,460 7.4 75,941 7.4 Construction managers............................................. 44.05 5.5 1,783 5.7 92,725 5.7 Education administrators.......................................... 38.19 5.5 1,529 5.4 73,386 5.4 Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program............................................... 21.44 9.9 858 9.8 42,078 9.8 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 50.22 3.9 2,016 3.8 95,534 3.8 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 37.46 3.5 1,522 3.4 78,446 3.4 Engineering managers.............................................. 59.39 2.9 2,385 2.9 123,995 2.9 Food service managers............................................. 20.95 4.2 910 6.5 46,890 6.5 Lodging managers.................................................. 37.40 32.8 1,598 27.2 83,072 27.2 Medical and health services managers.............................. 45.96 3.8 1,837 3.8 95,538 3.8 Property, real estate, and community association managers......... 22.22 13.6 908 14.8 47,212 14.8 Social and community service managers............................. 28.45 3.6 1,144 4.1 59,338 4.1 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 31.72 3.5 1,278 3.5 66,435 3.5 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 29.70 3.4 1,216 4.6 63,238 4.6 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 29.05 12.8 1,171 12.8 60,890 12.8 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 29.72 7.7 1,230 10.1 63,938 10.1 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 27.85 6.8 1,087 6.5 56,523 6.5 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 27.97 6.6 1,091 6.4 56,733 6.4 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation..................................... 32.85 21.7 1,330 22.8 69,157 22.8 Cost estimators................................................... 38.12 14.1 1,524 14.1 79,244 14.1 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 28.01 2.4 1,125 2.4 58,525 2.4 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 27.03 16.0 1,078 16.3 56,055 16.3 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists............ 24.87 8.5 1,000 8.4 52,014 8.4 Training and development specialists............................ 24.83 2.5 1,002 2.8 52,099 2.8 Logisticians...................................................... 32.75 9.7 1,310 9.7 68,122 9.7 Management analysts............................................... 37.22 4.9 1,501 4.9 78,063 4.9 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 30.56 3.0 1,227 3.1 63,814 3.1 Appraisers and assessors of real estate........................... 27.88 9.2 1,115 9.2 57,980 9.2 Budget analysts................................................... 25.74 4.2 1,029 4.2 53,499 4.2 Credit analysts................................................... 31.28 18.2 1,251 18.2 65,070 18.2 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 35.06 3.2 1,405 3.3 73,041 3.3 Financial analysts.............................................. 35.48 1.5 1,430 1.5 74,341 1.5 Personal financial advisors..................................... 29.61 22.1 1,184 22.1 61,593 22.1 Insurance underwriters.......................................... 37.20 10.3 1,472 10.5 76,555 10.5 Tax examiners, collectors, preparers, and revenue agents.......... 22.69 9.5 908 9.5 47,202 9.5 Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents................... 23.66 9.5 946 9.5 49,203 9.5 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 37.27 2.1 1,512 2.1 78,546 2.1 Computer and information scientists, research..................... 45.30 19.5 1,812 19.5 94,221 19.5 Computer programmers.............................................. 39.97 6.3 1,588 6.5 82,552 6.5 Computer software engineers....................................... 45.19 2.5 1,869 2.8 97,179 2.8 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 42.62 5.7 1,779 4.6 92,497 4.6 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 47.28 5.6 1,941 6.2 100,933 6.2 Computer support specialists...................................... 26.86 7.2 1,081 7.6 55,891 7.6 Computer systems analysts......................................... 37.53 3.0 1,525 3.2 79,288 3.2 Database administrators........................................... 37.63 5.1 1,579 5.4 82,116 5.4 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 31.12 3.4 1,236 3.3 64,113 3.3 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 34.71 6.3 1,407 7.0 73,160 7.0 Operations research analysts...................................... 36.47 17.0 1,459 17.0 75,850 17.0 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 38.82 1.8 1,567 1.6 81,210 1.6 Architects, except naval.......................................... 31.78 4.1 1,302 4.0 67,683 4.0 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 32.12 4.5 1,318 4.6 68,552 4.6 Engineers......................................................... 43.76 2.5 1,773 2.6 92,055 2.6 Aerospace engineers............................................. 53.70 3.0 2,148 3.0 111,696 3.0 Civil engineers................................................. 40.71 5.7 1,629 5.7 84,723 5.7 Computer hardware engineers..................................... 46.64 10.2 1,955 12.2 101,670 12.2 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 43.24 7.6 1,777 6.3 92,386 6.3 Electrical engineers.......................................... 48.32 7.3 1,933 7.3 100,516 7.3 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 41.44 8.2 1,719 7.6 89,413 7.6 Environmental engineers......................................... 45.96 4.4 1,839 4.4 93,911 4.4 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 38.07 4.9 1,556 5.7 80,921 5.7 Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors............................................. 35.84 6.3 1,454 7.7 75,585 7.7 Industrial engineers.......................................... 39.47 3.6 1,621 4.4 84,309 4.4 Mechanical engineers............................................ 39.28 5.5 1,594 4.9 82,889 4.9 Nuclear engineers............................................... 45.61 0.5 1,825 0.5 94,879 0.5 Petroleum engineers............................................. 51.62 6.2 2,065 6.2 101,997 6.2 Drafters.......................................................... 25.04 3.9 1,002 3.9 52,080 3.9 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 24.84 4.0 994 4.0 51,676 4.0 Electrical and electronics drafters............................. 26.79 6.4 1,072 6.4 55,730 6.4 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 28.78 4.2 1,151 4.2 58,879 4.2 Aerospace engineering and operations technicians................ 29.41 3.1 1,176 3.1 61,164 3.1 Civil engineering technicians................................... 26.40 2.3 1,056 2.3 54,918 2.3 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 27.70 4.3 1,108 4.3 57,635 4.3 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 32.72 6.2 1,316 6.8 67,788 6.8 Life scientists................................................... 31.20 11.5 1,245 12.0 64,208 12.0 Biological scientists........................................... 32.81 11.8 1,308 12.6 67,395 12.6 Biochemists and biophysicists................................. 33.71 17.9 1,336 18.8 68,999 18.8 Conservation scientists and foresters........................... 24.26 14.6 970 14.6 50,149 14.6 Conservation scientists....................................... 21.33 10.4 853 10.4 44,360 10.4 Foresters..................................................... 36.50 24.4 1,460 24.4 73,557 24.4 Medical scientists.............................................. 28.41 17.8 1,136 17.8 59,089 17.8 Physical scientists............................................... 36.46 7.6 1,462 7.7 76,029 7.7 Chemists and materials scientists............................... 29.84 7.0 1,200 6.7 62,398 6.7 Chemists...................................................... 29.76 7.2 1,197 6.9 62,234 6.9 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 37.22 8.4 1,492 8.4 77,563 8.4 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.... 36.84 10.0 1,477 10.1 76,816 10.1 Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers............ 38.92 10.2 1,557 10.2 80,945 10.2 Market and survey researchers..................................... 43.29 6.3 1,928 3.5 100,238 3.5 Market research analysts........................................ 43.33 6.4 1,930 3.5 100,378 3.5 Psychologists..................................................... 37.27 4.3 1,409 5.5 64,365 5.5 Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.................. 36.59 5.7 1,355 6.4 59,295 6.4 Urban and regional planners....................................... 32.98 9.1 1,304 10.1 67,806 10.1 Agricultural and food science technicians......................... 21.21 4.6 840 3.9 43,062 3.9 Biological technicians............................................ 21.65 6.5 858 6.8 44,616 6.8 Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...... 25.86 11.2 1,033 11.3 53,692 11.3 Community and social services occupations........................... 23.43 2.3 931 2.4 47,038 2.4 Counselors........................................................ 24.15 6.6 948 6.6 46,767 6.6 Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors.............. 37.43 15.1 1,497 15.1 77,846 15.1 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 29.28 4.9 1,152 4.5 52,986 4.5 Rehabilitation counselors....................................... 13.25 9.2 505 9.7 26,280 9.7 Social workers.................................................... 24.99 4.8 1,001 4.9 51,383 4.9 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 23.46 5.9 936 5.9 47,725 5.9 Medical and public health social workers........................ 28.34 7.3 1,131 7.4 58,787 7.4 Mental health and substance abuse social workers................ 27.24 11.0 1,114 9.4 56,415 9.4 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 21.19 4.2 841 4.3 42,834 4.3 Health educators................................................ 29.29 17.4 1,172 17.4 60,928 17.4 Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists....... 29.57 7.8 1,184 7.7 60,847 7.7 Social and human service assistants............................. 16.24 2.8 643 3.1 32,280 3.1 Legal occupations................................................... 48.25 10.0 1,983 13.2 103,124 13.2 Lawyers........................................................... 62.26 4.2 2,640 7.6 137,257 7.6 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 26.74 2.9 1,046 2.8 54,378 2.8 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 26.62 12.9 1,059 13.2 55,084 13.2 Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers..................... 28.07 15.4 1,123 15.4 58,395 15.4 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 35.56 3.1 1,334 3.0 54,577 3.0 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 49.28 4.7 1,927 4.7 82,378 4.7 Life sciences teachers, postsecondary........................... 52.34 6.9 2,048 7.6 79,322 7.6 Biological science teachers, postsecondary.................... 52.34 6.9 2,048 7.6 79,322 7.6 Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................... 55.33 12.8 2,182 13.6 87,057 13.6 Psychology teachers, postsecondary............................ 49.77 9.6 1,976 9.8 75,104 9.8 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 67.10 6.0 2,678 6.1 130,362 6.1 Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.................... 72.83 6.3 2,906 6.3 140,803 6.3 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 47.76 8.2 1,842 8.7 73,654 8.7 Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary................. 46.94 10.8 1,798 13.2 71,510 13.2 English language and literature teachers, postsecondary....... 38.82 11.7 1,475 11.3 59,494 11.3 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 37.56 5.0 1,463 4.6 62,884 4.6 Vocational education teachers, postsecondary.................. 25.26 14.6 999 14.1 49,101 14.1 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 36.03 2.7 1,350 2.4 52,959 2.4 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 15.80 6.7 615 6.8 29,457 6.8 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 13.43 8.7 527 9.1 25,672 9.1 Kindergarten teachers, except special education............... 25.14 21.9 950 19.4 42,697 19.4 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 40.70 2.0 1,512 1.5 56,782 1.5 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 40.89 1.8 1,518 1.4 57,263 1.4 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 39.72 3.9 1,480 2.8 54,285 2.8 Secondary school teachers....................................... 40.92 3.5 1,522 2.8 57,857 2.8 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 41.30 3.6 1,540 2.7 58,496 2.7 Vocational education teachers, secondary school............... 33.80 8.6 1,203 5.6 46,257 5.6 Special education teachers...................................... 38.88 3.9 1,439 3.7 55,137 3.7 Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school.......................................... 38.59 3.2 1,442 3.3 55,267 3.3 Special education teachers, secondary school.................. 38.80 9.8 1,402 10.6 53,965 10.6 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 39.65 3.0 1,441 3.2 59,099 3.2 Adult literacy, remedial education, and GED teachers and instructors.................................................. 38.44 14.4 1,377 13.7 56,284 13.7 Librarians........................................................ 32.63 5.3 1,272 3.9 63,781 3.9 Library technicians............................................... 20.30 6.0 801 6.5 39,191 6.5 Instructional coordinators........................................ 33.93 12.8 1,315 12.5 59,454 12.5 Teacher assistants................................................ 14.31 3.8 491 4.4 21,464 4.4 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 30.28 10.9 1,213 10.4 62,748 10.4 Artists and related workers....................................... 21.29 5.8 849 5.8 44,123 5.8 Designers......................................................... 26.49 7.6 1,048 7.0 54,495 7.0 Graphic designers............................................... 24.33 9.8 969 9.8 50,411 9.8 Interior designers.............................................. 27.90 5.8 1,072 3.5 55,732 3.5 Actors, producers, and directors.................................. 49.14 7.0 2,068 10.5 107,515 10.5 Producers and directors......................................... 49.14 7.0 2,068 10.5 107,515 10.5 Public relations specialists...................................... 26.00 4.6 1,031 5.2 53,630 5.2 Writers and editors............................................... 30.91 6.3 1,213 6.0 61,164 6.0 Editors......................................................... 25.07 4.9 977 7.4 50,779 7.4 Technical writers............................................... 36.86 2.7 1,446 2.8 75,185 2.8 Miscellaneous media and communication workers..................... 19.28 17.2 760 17.1 38,429 17.1 Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators... 32.38 18.6 1,409 21.5 73,244 21.5 Audio and video equipment technicians........................... 31.75 41.8 1,293 45.7 67,213 45.7 Photographers..................................................... 15.29 29.3 636 33.0 33,065 33.0 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 32.14 2.0 1,276 1.8 66,118 1.8 Dietitians and nutritionists...................................... 27.97 6.0 1,117 6.7 58,105 6.7 Pharmacists....................................................... 51.12 1.2 2,040 1.1 106,082 1.1 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 36.59 14.0 1,902 9.2 98,365 9.2 Family and general practitioners................................ 32.16 50.0 1,889 29.0 98,238 29.0 Physician assistants.............................................. 45.13 16.4 1,805 16.4 93,869 16.4 Registered nurses................................................. 37.36 2.2 1,451 2.1 75,314 2.1 Therapists........................................................ 35.66 7.5 1,404 7.6 69,937 7.6 Occupational therapists......................................... 39.16 14.0 1,539 14.6 76,976 14.6 Physical therapists............................................. 39.85 11.9 1,581 12.0 81,204 12.0 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 27.08 3.1 1,048 3.7 54,502 3.7 Speech-language pathologists.................................... 34.74 6.9 1,349 7.4 56,069 7.4 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 22.32 7.0 890 7.0 46,297 7.0 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 33.08 4.2 1,319 4.2 68,562 4.2 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 18.98 3.0 757 2.9 39,371 2.9 Dental hygienists................................................. 36.75 11.0 1,177 10.9 61,227 10.9 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 29.57 5.8 1,178 5.9 61,245 5.9 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 32.06 8.9 1,282 8.9 66,683 8.9 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 28.97 6.8 1,153 6.9 59,976 6.9 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................... 18.26 8.5 758 12.4 39,400 12.4 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 19.42 3.1 764 3.5 39,718 3.5 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 17.20 4.9 670 5.8 34,821 5.8 Psychiatric technicians......................................... 22.84 3.3 910 3.4 47,331 3.4 Surgical technologists.......................................... 21.87 2.9 859 2.2 44,652 2.2 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 21.16 1.8 825 2.2 42,796 2.2 Medical records and health information technicians................ 15.96 9.3 638 9.3 33,191 9.3 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 19.64 11.5 773 11.9 40,180 11.9 Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........ 28.85 7.0 1,154 7.0 59,999 7.0 Occupational health and safety specialists...................... 28.79 8.2 1,152 8.2 59,886 8.2 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 14.25 2.9 553 2.9 28,739 2.9 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.85 3.9 463 4.2 24,031 4.2 Home health aides............................................... 10.69 10.8 405 11.7 21,067 11.7 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 11.76 3.6 459 4.0 23,870 4.0 Psychiatric aides............................................... 15.08 9.8 603 9.8 31,365 9.8 Occupational therapist assistants and aides....................... 18.63 2.5 745 2.5 38,745 2.5 Occupational therapist aides.................................... 18.63 2.5 745 2.5 38,745 2.5 Physical therapist assistants and aides........................... 16.77 25.5 671 25.5 34,876 25.5 Physical therapist assistants................................... 26.83 27.5 1,073 27.5 55,813 27.5 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 16.06 2.2 620 1.3 32,179 1.3 Dental assistants............................................... 17.95 4.7 646 4.7 33,614 4.7 Medical assistants.............................................. 14.74 4.4 581 3.8 30,202 3.8 Medical transcriptionists....................................... 19.15 7.9 766 7.9 39,823 7.9 Pharmacy aides.................................................. 17.31 4.4 692 4.4 36,001 4.4 Protective service occupations...................................... 22.72 5.2 922 5.6 47,754 5.6 First-line supervisors/managers, law enforcement workers.......... 41.22 3.7 1,651 3.8 85,864 3.8 First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers........ 37.50 6.3 1,508 6.2 78,410 6.2 First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives........ 42.73 4.7 1,709 4.6 88,875 4.6 First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers........................................................ 33.05 4.2 1,554 6.8 80,833 6.8 Fire fighters..................................................... 27.06 8.1 1,322 10.8 68,728 10.8 Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers...................... 26.33 6.5 1,054 6.6 54,815 6.6 Correctional officers and jailers............................... 26.33 6.5 1,054 6.6 54,815 6.6 Detectives and criminal investigators............................. 37.21 11.2 1,488 11.2 73,584 11.2 Police officers................................................... 33.29 1.7 1,329 1.5 68,875 1.5 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 33.29 1.7 1,329 1.5 68,875 1.5 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 12.92 6.7 511 6.9 26,433 6.9 Security guards................................................. 12.92 6.7 511 6.9 26,433 6.9 Miscellaneous protective service workers.......................... 18.94 8.8 744 9.8 38,599 9.8 Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers.............................................. 17.16 17.0 661 19.0 34,273 19.0 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 11.02 1.8 424 2.0 21,821 2.0 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 17.60 4.3 702 5.4 35,367 5.4 Chefs and head cooks............................................ 20.39 4.9 829 5.7 41,982 5.7 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 17.11 4.7 681 6.0 34,228 6.0 Cooks............................................................. 11.78 2.2 460 2.4 23,794 2.4 Cooks, fast food................................................ 9.06 4.7 345 5.9 17,920 5.9 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 13.51 6.2 539 6.1 27,326 6.1 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 11.76 3.4 457 3.5 23,775 3.5 Cooks, short order.............................................. 10.79 8.7 422 8.1 21,946 8.1 Food preparation workers.......................................... 10.52 5.4 412 5.6 21,061 5.6 Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.13 1.0 301 1.0 15,530 1.0 Bartenders...................................................... 8.78 4.0 321 5.3 16,687 5.3 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 7.79 2.0 286 2.6 14,708 2.6 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 8.36 2.1 319 4.4 16,462 4.4 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 9.74 2.2 376 2.5 19,369 2.5 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 9.76 3.6 380 4.0 19,582 4.0 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 9.66 5.9 364 7.8 18,639 7.8 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 10.10 6.7 402 6.6 20,889 6.6 Dishwashers....................................................... 9.57 4.2 372 4.1 19,323 4.1 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......... 11.00 9.0 356 15.0 18,529 15.0 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 13.24 1.9 522 2.3 26,879 2.3 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 18.26 5.8 738 4.8 38,267 4.8 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 17.93 6.3 726 5.2 37,618 5.2 First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers................................... 20.71 10.6 829 10.6 43,084 10.6 Building cleaning workers......................................... 12.41 3.3 490 3.8 25,309 3.8 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 13.13 3.5 523 3.8 27,005 3.8 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 10.10 2.6 388 2.6 20,044 2.6 Pest control workers.............................................. 16.58 10.9 656 9.0 34,106 9.0 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 13.80 3.9 538 3.7 27,178 3.7 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 13.37 4.8 525 4.3 27,276 4.3 Personal care and service occupations............................... 13.53 3.8 495 3.8 24,925 3.8 First-line supervisors/managers of gaming workers................. 16.29 18.2 651 18.2 33,878 18.2 Gaming supervisors.............................................. 20.35 17.9 814 17.9 42,336 17.9 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 17.52 3.0 696 2.8 35,552 2.8 Gaming services workers........................................... 8.78 3.8 323 4.9 16,787 4.9 Gaming dealers.................................................. 7.59 1.8 272 6.7 14,143 6.7 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........ 9.66 4.7 378 5.7 18,741 5.7 Amusement and recreation attendants............................. 9.44 6.2 378 6.2 18,221 6.2 Barbers and cosmetologists........................................ 11.03 16.6 394 16.4 20,508 16.4 Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.................. 11.03 16.6 394 16.4 20,508 16.4 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................... 10.68 11.4 422 11.3 21,960 11.3 Baggage porters and bellhops.................................... 9.36 11.9 373 12.0 19,410 12.0 Concierges...................................................... 11.89 19.3 466 19.1 24,244 19.1 Tour and travel guides............................................ 13.63 13.5 405 24.0 9,615 24.0 Tour guides and escorts......................................... 13.63 13.5 405 24.0 9,615 24.0 Transportation attendants......................................... 26.90 11.7 632 7.9 32,687 7.9 Flight attendants............................................... 32.13 10.4 641 9.3 33,313 9.3 Child care workers................................................ 12.10 6.2 465 5.4 22,488 5.4 Personal and home care aides...................................... 10.72 4.1 420 4.0 21,820 4.0 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 18.05 10.1 689 11.0 35,829 11.0 Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors....................... 20.72 5.2 798 6.6 41,472 6.6 Recreation workers.............................................. 14.82 10.9 560 10.4 29,131 10.4 Sales and related occupations....................................... 22.63 3.0 903 2.8 46,955 2.8 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 25.27 5.1 1,048 6.0 54,489 6.0 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 22.91 6.0 955 7.4 49,673 7.4 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 34.54 5.7 1,401 5.3 72,850 5.3 Retail sales workers.............................................. 14.97 4.3 590 4.5 30,691 4.5 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 12.08 3.1 474 3.0 24,640 3.0 Cashiers...................................................... 12.09 3.1 474 3.0 24,652 3.0 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 15.17 5.8 606 5.8 31,488 5.8 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 12.52 5.9 501 5.9 26,035 5.9 Parts salespersons............................................ 17.05 5.3 679 5.7 35,333 5.7 Retail salespersons............................................. 16.63 5.7 656 6.1 34,104 6.1 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 25.65 16.0 999 14.7 51,944 14.7 Insurance sales agents............................................ 38.71 22.4 1,541 21.9 80,148 21.9 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 67.41 27.8 2,696 27.8 140,198 27.8 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 30.15 5.3 1,224 5.0 63,666 5.0 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 36.84 5.4 1,476 5.4 76,734 5.4 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 27.32 8.5 1,116 8.1 58,031 8.1 Models, demonstrators, and product promoters...................... 17.90 12.4 711 12.2 36,984 12.2 Demonstrators and product promoters............................. 17.90 12.4 711 12.2 36,984 12.2 Real estate brokers and sales agents.............................. 43.91 35.8 1,756 35.8 91,326 35.8 Real estate sales agents........................................ 43.91 35.8 1,756 35.8 91,326 35.8 Sales engineers................................................... 38.70 16.2 1,561 16.5 81,170 16.5 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 26.06 26.3 1,032 26.5 53,684 26.5 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 17.61 1.3 699 1.4 36,181 1.4 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 24.23 2.4 968 2.3 50,318 2.3 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 12.74 7.2 509 7.2 26,474 7.2 Financial clerks.................................................. 16.86 1.5 672 1.4 34,934 1.4 Bill and account collectors..................................... 18.21 10.3 728 10.3 37,867 10.3 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 16.26 4.4 647 4.4 33,651 4.4 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 17.27 2.3 690 2.3 35,880 2.3 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 17.95 3.5 715 3.5 36,691 3.5 Procurement clerks.............................................. 17.19 9.9 652 7.3 33,925 7.3 Tellers......................................................... 13.72 1.9 547 2.1 28,454 2.1 Brokerage clerks.................................................. 19.91 4.4 796 4.4 41,412 4.4 Court, municipal, and license clerks.............................. 17.53 1.9 701 1.9 36,469 1.9 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 16.19 10.2 648 10.2 33,676 10.2 Customer service representatives.................................. 18.35 4.9 731 4.9 38,022 4.9 Eligibility interviewers, government programs..................... 18.48 4.4 738 4.4 38,392 4.4 File clerks....................................................... 14.77 4.9 587 4.8 30,515 4.8 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 10.50 4.5 409 5.7 21,250 5.7 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 16.55 7.3 659 7.3 34,292 7.3 Library assistants, clerical...................................... 16.58 10.0 583 22.4 26,690 22.4 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 16.63 7.2 663 7.2 34,477 7.2 Order clerks...................................................... 17.39 5.1 694 4.9 36,090 4.9 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 19.10 3.4 760 3.4 39,524 3.4 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 14.15 3.0 560 2.8 29,059 2.8 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.... 15.80 8.1 632 8.1 32,870 8.1 Couriers and messengers........................................... 12.95 5.5 516 5.2 26,819 5.2 Dispatchers....................................................... 19.58 7.2 782 7.1 40,652 7.1 Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers......................... 21.93 11.0 885 11.3 46,020 11.3 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 17.72 11.1 701 10.5 36,465 10.5 Meter readers, utilities.......................................... 22.40 8.1 896 8.1 46,583 8.1 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 22.86 5.7 917 5.7 47,709 5.7 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 14.69 2.1 587 2.1 30,521 2.1 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 13.60 6.0 542 5.8 28,171 5.8 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........ 15.18 12.4 607 12.4 31,570 12.4 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 20.99 2.7 821 2.3 41,927 2.3 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 23.18 2.0 924 2.1 48,025 2.1 Legal secretaries............................................... 25.40 8.6 985 7.7 51,231 7.7 Medical secretaries............................................. 16.84 8.6 633 8.2 32,748 8.2 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 17.98 4.2 698 2.4 34,557 2.4 Computer operators................................................ 20.24 6.8 808 6.8 42,038 6.8 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 15.22 5.0 606 4.9 31,536 4.9 Data entry keyers............................................... 13.37 3.0 533 2.9 27,731 2.9 Word processors and typists..................................... 17.21 5.0 685 4.8 35,636 4.8 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 17.63 5.1 696 5.4 36,171 5.4 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..... 11.25 11.0 447 11.0 23,258 11.0 Office clerks, general............................................ 15.82 2.4 628 2.2 32,437 2.2 Office machine operators, except computer......................... 14.73 14.2 584 13.9 30,390 13.9 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.......................... 13.72 20.1 542 20.0 22,350 20.0 Graders and sorters, agricultural products........................ 9.53 9.1 352 13.9 15,072 13.9 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 23.27 3.0 923 2.9 47,156 2.9 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 33.90 2.9 1,359 3.1 70,052 3.1 Carpenters........................................................ 23.23 4.7 929 4.7 47,521 4.7 Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers.................. 21.20 28.3 833 29.6 43,331 29.6 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........... 24.33 5.2 973 5.2 47,123 5.2 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................ 24.33 5.2 973 5.2 47,123 5.2 Construction laborers............................................. 18.32 6.5 710 5.8 35,860 5.8 Construction equipment operators.................................. 24.41 7.0 972 6.7 47,777 6.7 Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators.............. 21.93 9.3 866 8.6 41,008 8.6 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 25.62 7.3 1,025 7.3 51,294 7.3 Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers........... 19.81 12.3 792 12.3 40,513 12.3 Drywall and ceiling tile installers............................. 19.36 14.0 774 13.9 39,557 13.9 Tapers.......................................................... 21.32 16.0 853 16.0 43,732 16.0 Electricians...................................................... 26.30 4.7 1,052 4.7 54,529 4.7 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 20.31 13.1 786 16.3 40,874 16.3 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 20.31 13.1 786 16.3 40,874 16.3 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 28.10 3.6 1,124 3.6 58,448 3.6 Pipelayers...................................................... 28.59 9.8 1,143 9.8 59,461 9.8 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 28.04 4.4 1,122 4.4 58,321 4.4 Roofers........................................................... 23.54 10.3 938 10.7 44,939 10.7 Sheet metal workers............................................... 24.68 30.3 932 34.2 48,467 34.2 Structural iron and steel workers................................. 26.06 7.5 1,042 7.5 54,196 7.5 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 15.79 3.8 632 3.8 32,694 3.8 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 30.55 7.3 1,231 8.3 64,014 8.3 Highway maintenance workers....................................... 21.90 12.0 876 12.0 41,426 12.0 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 17.52 9.5 701 9.5 35,628 9.5 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 22.43 2.2 898 2.3 46,593 2.3 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 28.37 5.7 1,139 6.0 59,206 6.0 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......... 16.66 34.8 665 34.7 34,568 34.7 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 26.28 8.2 1,051 8.2 54,672 8.2 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 26.28 8.2 1,051 8.2 54,672 8.2 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 27.28 6.2 1,091 6.2 56,654 6.2 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 27.32 12.9 1,093 12.9 56,581 12.9 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 28.19 1.6 1,127 1.6 58,630 1.6 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 19.67 3.4 787 3.5 40,907 3.5 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 18.27 8.8 731 8.8 38,007 8.8 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 19.80 4.5 792 4.7 41,183 4.7 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 22.44 4.4 895 4.6 46,529 4.6 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 21.85 7.2 872 7.2 45,359 7.2 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 22.33 7.5 891 7.6 46,311 7.6 Rail car repairers.............................................. 26.48 0.9 1,059 0.9 55,088 0.9 Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanic, installers, and repairers.................................................. 11.69 3.6 468 3.6 24,316 3.6 Tire repairers and changers..................................... 11.66 3.8 466 3.8 24,245 3.8 Control and valve installers and repairers........................ 23.68 7.2 947 7.2 49,256 7.2 Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door......................................................... 23.68 7.2 947 7.2 49,256 7.2 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 26.73 10.1 1,115 12.0 57,966 12.0 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 21.98 3.5 877 3.7 45,104 3.7 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 24.38 3.8 974 3.8 50,641 3.8 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 20.95 3.5 835 3.4 42,299 3.4 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 20.95 14.9 838 14.9 43,574 14.9 Line installers and repairers..................................... 28.30 3.6 1,132 3.6 58,868 3.6 Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................. 33.66 6.5 1,346 6.5 70,004 6.5 Precision instrument and equipment repairers...................... 26.96 8.2 1,078 8.2 56,074 8.2 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 16.46 5.0 658 5.0 34,141 5.0 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 12.13 4.7 485 4.7 25,088 4.7 Production occupations.............................................. 16.26 1.9 646 2.0 33,450 2.0 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 26.03 4.5 1,050 4.8 54,576 4.8 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 13.70 7.0 544 7.6 28,294 7.6 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 13.31 7.0 528 7.7 27,447 7.7 Electromechanical equipment assemblers.......................... 15.32 15.5 613 15.5 31,866 15.5 Structural metal fabricators and fitters.......................... 14.53 6.1 581 6.1 30,226 6.1 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 14.45 4.7 578 4.6 29,999 4.6 Team assemblers................................................. 11.62 12.5 465 12.5 24,164 12.5 Bakers............................................................ 11.46 5.3 453 5.6 23,556 5.6 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 18.50 5.7 736 5.7 38,287 5.7 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 19.57 4.0 778 4.0 40,445 4.0 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 11.41 5.8 456 5.8 23,590 5.8 Food batchmakers................................................ 10.58 7.4 422 7.5 21,797 7.5 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 18.05 11.2 722 11.2 37,534 11.2 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 17.64 12.8 705 12.8 36,681 12.8 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 14.62 11.3 585 11.3 30,411 11.3 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 13.37 6.5 531 5.8 27,630 5.8 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 14.76 4.2 579 5.4 30,123 5.4 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................... 11.66 8.5 466 8.5 24,250 8.5 Machinists........................................................ 22.66 3.1 906 3.1 47,134 3.1 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 14.00 20.8 503 27.6 26,167 27.6 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 13.56 25.0 480 32.5 24,935 32.5 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 13.93 4.2 557 4.2 28,970 4.2 Tool and die makers............................................... 23.79 6.2 951 6.2 49,473 6.2 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 19.21 4.6 768 4.6 39,954 4.6 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 19.23 6.2 769 6.2 40,004 6.2 Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 19.01 16.7 761 16.7 39,548 16.7 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 18.49 10.7 739 10.7 38,453 10.7 Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 18.65 14.1 746 14.1 38,797 14.1 Bookbinders and bindery workers................................... 14.48 17.4 518 19.3 26,346 19.3 Bindery workers................................................. 14.48 17.5 517 19.3 26,905 19.3 Printers.......................................................... 17.81 5.0 707 5.0 36,756 5.0 Job printers.................................................... 17.00 11.7 672 11.9 34,949 11.9 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 18.21 11.8 719 12.3 37,363 12.3 Printing machine operators...................................... 17.90 3.7 715 3.7 37,130 3.7 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 9.82 4.8 387 4.8 20,144 4.8 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 8.54 8.6 334 8.2 17,384 8.2 Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders................... 10.41 5.4 416 5.4 21,643 5.4 Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders......... 10.43 5.7 417 5.7 21,704 5.7 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 15.77 24.7 631 24.7 32,809 24.7 Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................ 13.48 5.2 539 5.2 28,029 5.2 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 12.60 7.6 504 7.6 26,144 7.6 Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood............ 13.31 7.2 532 7.2 27,591 7.2 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing....................................................... 11.22 10.2 449 10.2 23,333 10.2 Power plant operators........................................... 34.82 7.5 1,393 7.5 72,433 7.5 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 31.35 9.5 1,223 9.1 62,813 9.1 Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators....... 22.12 8.9 878 9.1 45,674 9.1 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 29.54 2.4 1,133 5.1 58,933 5.1 Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers 30.24 3.3 1,198 3.7 62,292 3.7 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....... 19.35 13.4 734 13.1 38,152 13.1 Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders...................... 21.54 18.6 846 17.6 43,979 17.6 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 16.01 13.4 641 13.4 30,941 13.4 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 15.17 13.6 607 13.6 28,043 13.6 Cutting workers................................................... 12.84 12.3 488 7.8 24,638 7.8 Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 12.93 12.9 491 8.1 24,730 8.1 Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................... 16.03 19.2 641 19.2 33,349 19.2 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 15.86 3.2 625 4.1 32,204 4.1 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 13.23 10.0 527 9.7 26,970 9.7 Painting workers.................................................. 14.97 12.7 598 12.8 31,073 12.8 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 14.28 14.8 568 15.1 29,532 15.1 Painters, transportation equipment.............................. 18.80 10.4 752 10.4 39,101 10.4 Photographic process workers and processing machine operators..... 21.26 9.2 806 7.8 41,013 7.8 Photographic process workers.................................... 26.63 6.8 970 4.6 49,421 4.6 Semiconductor processors.......................................... 15.11 11.6 604 11.6 31,392 11.6 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 13.42 8.1 533 7.8 27,643 7.8 Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders............. 20.36 8.9 797 11.0 41,432 11.0 Helpers--production workers..................................... 10.04 2.8 401 2.8 20,867 2.8 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 16.50 2.8 654 2.9 33,673 2.9 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 20.61 8.0 825 8.1 42,889 8.1 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 27.98 7.2 1,121 7.2 58,304 7.2 Aircraft pilots and flight engineers.............................. 113.30 9.7 2,357 8.8 122,539 8.8 Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers.................. 115.09 9.5 2,373 8.8 123,398 8.8 Bus drivers....................................................... 17.66 3.3 686 3.8 33,178 3.8 Bus drivers, transit and intercity.............................. 17.96 3.9 707 4.6 36,526 4.6 Bus drivers, school............................................. 16.59 3.9 617 3.6 24,533 3.6 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 18.02 3.4 723 4.0 37,404 4.0 Driver/sales workers............................................ 18.86 16.2 754 16.2 39,232 16.2 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 19.40 2.2 781 2.7 40,242 2.7 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 15.89 5.3 635 5.4 32,996 5.4 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................... 11.42 11.9 457 11.9 23,739 11.9 Locomotive engineers and operators................................ 34.34 8.5 1,374 8.5 71,430 8.5 Locomotive engineers............................................ 35.39 8.4 1,415 8.4 73,602 8.4 Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators...................... 30.06 4.1 1,202 4.1 62,529 4.1 Ship and boat captains and operators.............................. 33.96 9.8 1,358 9.8 66,208 9.8 Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels.................... 33.96 9.8 1,358 9.8 66,208 9.8 Parking lot attendants............................................ 9.33 11.6 373 11.6 19,408 11.6 Service station attendants........................................ 13.08 24.8 522 24.7 27,142 24.7 Crane and tower operators......................................... 32.90 5.1 1,308 5.5 68,004 5.5 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 22.69 6.7 907 6.7 47,188 6.7 Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators........... 22.29 7.1 892 7.1 46,369 7.1 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 14.60 2.8 583 2.8 30,273 2.8 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 12.08 1.7 480 1.5 24,653 1.5 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 11.49 2.2 460 2.2 23,765 2.2 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 13.00 1.5 517 1.4 26,683 1.4 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 9.89 5.2 390 4.8 19,567 4.8 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 12 Full-time(1) private industry workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $22.98 1.9% $913 2.0% $47,157 2.0% Management occupations.............................................. 44.80 4.6 1,825 4.6 94,572 4.6 Chief executives.................................................. 93.14 20.1 4,073 20.2 211,778 20.2 General and operations managers................................... 47.30 8.0 1,957 8.0 101,760 8.0 Advertising and promotions managers............................... 38.03 29.4 1,521 29.4 79,098 29.4 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 52.35 13.4 2,148 13.5 111,673 13.5 Marketing managers.............................................. 61.96 21.2 2,541 21.8 132,130 21.8 Sales managers.................................................. 43.68 14.6 1,793 13.5 93,215 13.5 Public relations managers......................................... 52.28 23.8 2,066 24.5 107,447 24.5 Administrative services managers.................................. 29.72 5.3 1,196 5.6 62,098 5.6 Computer and information systems managers......................... 58.77 7.4 2,465 7.5 128,194 7.5 Financial managers................................................ 45.55 4.8 1,858 4.8 96,622 4.8 Human resources managers.......................................... 45.55 15.1 1,821 14.1 94,667 14.1 Industrial production managers.................................... 45.07 3.5 1,804 3.1 93,802 3.1 Purchasing managers............................................... 44.04 2.5 1,801 4.1 93,670 4.1 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 36.92 6.7 1,495 8.0 77,720 8.0 Construction managers............................................. 45.00 6.0 1,825 6.2 94,909 6.2 Education administrators.......................................... 26.98 6.0 1,075 6.1 52,243 6.1 Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program............................................... 21.40 10.7 857 10.7 42,158 10.7 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 39.01 13.8 1,561 13.8 78,550 13.8 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 35.90 2.2 1,436 2.2 73,704 2.2 Engineering managers.............................................. 60.14 3.4 2,416 3.4 125,638 3.4 Food service managers............................................. 21.38 4.2 960 6.7 49,917 6.7 Lodging managers.................................................. 37.40 32.8 1,598 27.2 83,072 27.2 Medical and health services managers.............................. 46.53 4.3 1,859 4.3 96,694 4.3 Property, real estate, and community association managers......... 21.67 15.1 887 16.4 46,119 16.4 Social and community service managers............................. 26.80 4.8 1,080 5.6 55,972 5.6 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 32.47 4.2 1,311 4.3 68,152 4.3 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 30.32 3.8 1,246 5.2 64,790 5.2 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 29.22 13.3 1,178 13.3 61,262 13.3 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 30.79 8.4 1,283 11.3 66,701 11.3 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 27.81 8.4 1,082 8.3 56,242 8.3 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 27.96 8.2 1,087 8.1 56,505 8.1 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation..................................... 52.05 23.2 2,159 25.3 112,271 25.3 Cost estimators................................................... 38.12 14.1 1,524 14.1 79,244 14.1 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 27.10 2.4 1,090 2.3 56,670 2.3 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 27.02 17.1 1,077 17.4 56,029 17.4 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists............ 24.07 12.0 971 11.9 50,467 11.9 Training and development specialists............................ 24.95 2.5 1,008 2.8 52,396 2.8 Logisticians...................................................... 39.40 8.6 1,576 8.6 81,958 8.6 Management analysts............................................... 39.20 6.3 1,581 6.4 82,234 6.4 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 31.02 3.3 1,246 3.4 64,817 3.4 Budget analysts................................................... 25.22 3.9 1,007 3.8 52,386 3.8 Credit analysts................................................... 31.28 18.2 1,251 18.2 65,070 18.2 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 35.21 3.2 1,411 3.3 73,360 3.3 Financial analysts.............................................. 35.45 1.5 1,429 1.5 74,289 1.5 Personal financial advisors..................................... 29.61 22.1 1,184 22.1 61,593 22.1 Insurance underwriters.......................................... 38.03 10.2 1,504 10.5 78,218 10.5 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 38.57 2.3 1,570 2.3 81,624 2.3 Computer and information scientists, research..................... 45.30 19.5 1,812 19.5 94,221 19.5 Computer programmers.............................................. 41.68 7.3 1,651 7.7 85,843 7.7 Computer software engineers....................................... 45.84 2.6 1,899 3.0 98,761 3.0 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 43.61 5.9 1,828 4.5 95,061 4.5 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 47.53 5.6 1,952 6.3 101,511 6.3 Computer support specialists...................................... 27.72 9.0 1,117 9.6 58,060 9.6 Computer systems analysts......................................... 39.01 3.5 1,594 3.8 82,880 3.8 Database administrators........................................... 37.63 5.1 1,579 5.4 82,116 5.4 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 31.87 4.1 1,269 4.0 65,970 4.0 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 34.82 7.2 1,414 7.9 73,540 7.9 Operations research analysts...................................... 36.47 17.0 1,459 17.0 75,850 17.0 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 39.14 1.7 1,581 1.6 81,914 1.6 Architects, except naval.......................................... 31.30 4.5 1,286 4.4 66,876 4.4 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 31.65 4.9 1,304 5.1 67,793 5.1 Engineers......................................................... 44.02 2.7 1,784 2.9 92,665 2.9 Aerospace engineers............................................. 53.70 3.0 2,148 3.0 111,696 3.0 Civil engineers................................................. 41.10 7.7 1,645 7.7 85,543 7.7 Computer hardware engineers..................................... 46.64 10.2 1,955 12.2 101,670 12.2 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 43.46 7.9 1,788 6.6 92,963 6.6 Electrical engineers.......................................... 49.43 7.1 1,977 7.1 102,813 7.1 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 41.44 8.4 1,721 7.9 89,496 7.9 Environmental engineers......................................... 46.70 3.5 1,868 3.5 95,342 3.5 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 37.86 4.8 1,548 5.7 80,513 5.7 Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors............................................. 35.13 5.3 1,426 7.0 74,154 7.0 Industrial engineers.......................................... 39.47 3.6 1,621 4.4 84,309 4.4 Mechanical engineers............................................ 39.34 5.7 1,597 5.0 83,046 5.0 Nuclear engineers............................................... 45.61 .5 1,825 .5 94,879 .5 Petroleum engineers............................................. 51.62 6.2 2,065 6.2 101,997 6.2 Drafters.......................................................... 24.61 4.2 984 4.2 51,190 4.2 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 24.25 3.8 970 3.8 50,434 3.8 Electrical and electronics drafters............................. 26.79 6.4 1,072 6.4 55,730 6.4 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 28.66 4.8 1,146 4.7 58,520 4.7 Aerospace engineering and operations technicians................ 29.41 3.1 1,176 3.1 61,164 3.1 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 26.77 4.1 1,071 4.1 55,685 4.1 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 34.53 7.9 1,393 8.6 72,384 8.6 Life scientists................................................... 34.13 14.4 1,361 15.0 70,750 15.0 Biological scientists........................................... 34.88 13.2 1,388 14.3 72,195 14.3 Biochemists and biophysicists................................. 35.20 18.1 1,394 19.2 72,491 19.2 Medical scientists.............................................. 27.29 22.0 1,092 22.0 56,766 22.0 Physical scientists............................................... 36.93 7.9 1,481 8.0 77,030 8.0 Chemists and materials scientists............................... 28.81 7.8 1,160 7.2 60,298 7.2 Chemists...................................................... 28.72 8.0 1,156 7.4 60,099 7.4 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 38.05 8.4 1,526 8.3 79,327 8.3 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.... 37.84 10.1 1,518 10.1 78,923 10.1 Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers............ 38.92 10.2 1,557 10.2 80,945 10.2 Market and survey researchers..................................... 43.29 6.3 1,928 3.5 100,238 3.5 Market research analysts........................................ 43.33 6.4 1,930 3.5 100,378 3.5 Psychologists..................................................... 33.70 13.7 1,052 13.6 52,054 13.6 Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.................. 33.70 13.7 1,052 13.6 52,054 13.6 Biological technicians............................................ 22.29 8.2 881 8.5 45,822 8.5 Community and social services occupations........................... 19.76 5.9 783 6.5 40,080 6.5 Counselors........................................................ 16.92 11.4 655 11.4 33,881 11.4 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 26.20 14.8 1,019 13.4 51,572 13.4 Rehabilitation counselors....................................... 11.66 6.4 443 7.5 23,030 7.5 Social workers.................................................... 22.95 9.4 923 9.8 47,567 9.8 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 17.63 7.3 705 7.3 35,427 7.3 Medical and public health social workers........................ 29.76 6.5 1,186 6.7 61,675 6.7 Mental health and substance abuse social workers................ 21.06 7.6 885 4.6 46,031 4.6 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 18.63 7.3 734 7.3 37,228 7.3 Social and human service assistants............................. 15.29 3.5 604 3.9 30,174 3.9 Legal occupations................................................... 52.17 9.4 2,162 13.3 112,439 13.3 Lawyers........................................................... 66.20 4.7 2,845 5.9 147,942 5.9 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 28.00 2.1 1,086 2.3 56,477 2.3 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 27.23 15.1 1,081 15.6 56,230 15.6 Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers..................... 28.07 15.4 1,123 15.4 58,395 15.4 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 24.44 6.4 955 6.4 44,790 6.4 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 46.63 7.9 1,817 7.5 81,884 7.5 Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................... 47.42 7.6 1,888 7.8 73,513 7.8 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 51.51 25.8 2,059 25.8 105,852 25.8 Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.................... 63.39 26.1 2,536 26.1 130,394 26.1 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 38.24 2.2 1,399 4.0 55,768 4.0 English language and literature teachers, postsecondary....... 38.60 5.6 1,444 1.4 60,293 1.4 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 35.57 6.4 1,391 6.8 66,001 6.8 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 18.00 8.7 704 8.8 32,681 8.8 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 13.39 8.0 528 8.5 26,155 8.5 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 12.92 9.3 511 9.8 25,195 9.8 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 27.50 5.2 1,042 6.8 41,726 6.8 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 25.94 6.0 974 8.0 40,535 8.0 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 30.46 5.6 1,176 6.6 43,813 6.6 Secondary school teachers....................................... 32.63 7.7 1,302 7.7 52,847 7.7 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 33.08 7.3 1,319 7.3 53,202 7.3 Special education teachers...................................... 25.54 25.1 950 27.7 40,016 27.7 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 31.03 15.4 1,238 15.6 62,768 15.6 Librarians........................................................ 34.58 5.4 1,357 4.5 70,364 4.5 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.76 2.4 427 2.5 20,885 2.5 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 30.52 11.8 1,228 11.2 63,625 11.2 Artists and related workers....................................... 21.29 5.8 849 5.8 44,123 5.8 Designers......................................................... 26.12 8.0 1,033 7.3 53,728 7.3 Graphic designers............................................... 23.32 9.6 929 9.7 48,314 9.7 Interior designers.............................................. 27.90 5.8 1,072 3.5 55,732 3.5 Actors, producers, and directors.................................. 49.14 7.0 2,068 10.5 107,515 10.5 Producers and directors......................................... 49.14 7.0 2,068 10.5 107,515 10.5 Public relations specialists...................................... 26.13 7.9 1,028 9.2 53,449 9.2 Writers and editors............................................... 31.20 6.4 1,234 6.1 62,188 6.1 Technical writers............................................... 36.86 2.7 1,446 2.8 75,185 2.8 Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators... 33.14 19.2 1,460 21.9 75,942 21.9 Photographers..................................................... 15.29 29.3 636 33.0 33,065 33.0 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 32.67 2.3 1,278 2.0 66,437 2.0 Dietitians and nutritionists...................................... 28.26 6.3 1,129 7.2 58,701 7.2 Pharmacists....................................................... 51.09 1.3 2,038 1.2 105,992 1.2 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 63.22 8.2 2,537 8.3 131,908 8.3 Physician assistants.............................................. 44.97 18.3 1,799 18.3 93,535 18.3 Registered nurses................................................. 36.87 2.2 1,433 2.2 74,509 2.2 Therapists........................................................ 36.70 8.5 1,453 8.5 75,329 8.5 Occupational therapists......................................... 41.06 14.5 1,642 14.5 85,408 14.5 Physical therapists............................................. 39.69 12.7 1,577 12.9 81,998 12.9 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 27.83 1.8 1,072 3.2 55,754 3.2 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 22.87 8.5 912 8.5 47,410 8.5 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 32.97 4.4 1,314 4.4 68,330 4.4 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 18.83 3.6 751 3.5 39,027 3.5 Dental hygienists................................................. 36.75 11.0 1,177 10.9 61,227 10.9 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 29.10 6.3 1,163 6.3 60,475 6.3 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 32.06 8.9 1,282 8.9 66,683 8.9 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 28.31 7.4 1,131 7.4 58,834 7.4 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................... 16.52 4.4 660 4.4 34,314 4.4 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 19.00 3.3 741 3.8 38,548 3.8 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 17.18 5.1 668 6.1 34,717 6.1 Surgical technologists.......................................... 22.03 2.8 864 2.2 44,948 2.2 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 21.33 1.8 834 2.3 43,377 2.3 Medical records and health information technicians................ 14.45 4.9 578 4.9 30,056 4.9 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 19.64 11.5 773 11.9 40,180 11.9 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 14.08 3.2 546 3.2 28,365 3.2 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.61 4.1 453 4.4 23,551 4.4 Home health aides............................................... 10.23 10.0 386 10.8 20,070 10.8 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 11.65 3.9 455 4.3 23,642 4.3 Psychiatric aides............................................... 13.00 6.4 520 6.4 27,033 6.4 Occupational therapist assistants and aides....................... 18.63 2.5 745 2.5 38,745 2.5 Occupational therapist aides.................................... 18.63 2.5 745 2.5 38,745 2.5 Physical therapist assistants and aides........................... 16.57 28.6 663 28.6 34,470 28.6 Physical therapist assistants................................... 31.04 28.2 1,242 28.2 64,567 28.2 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 15.90 2.3 611 1.1 31,765 1.1 Dental assistants............................................... 18.10 4.9 646 5.1 33,614 5.1 Medical assistants.............................................. 14.69 4.8 578 4.2 30,061 4.2 Medical transcriptionists....................................... 19.74 10.6 789 10.6 41,053 10.6 Pharmacy aides.................................................. 17.31 4.4 692 4.4 36,001 4.4 Protective service occupations...................................... 12.68 6.1 503 6.4 26,138 6.4 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 12.28 7.2 487 7.5 25,306 7.5 Security guards................................................. 12.28 7.2 487 7.5 25,306 7.5 Miscellaneous protective service workers.......................... 12.44 7.1 468 9.3 24,201 9.3 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.77 1.9 415 2.0 21,504 2.0 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 17.07 4.6 697 5.1 35,911 5.1 Chefs and head cooks............................................ 20.39 4.9 829 5.7 41,982 5.7 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 16.37 5.2 669 5.8 34,591 5.8 Cooks............................................................. 11.68 2.2 456 2.4 23,675 2.4 Cooks, fast food................................................ 9.06 4.7 345 5.9 17,920 5.9 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 13.21 6.7 528 6.7 27,349 6.7 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 11.78 3.4 458 3.5 23,809 3.5 Cooks, short order.............................................. 10.79 8.7 422 8.1 21,946 8.1 Food preparation workers.......................................... 10.21 6.6 402 6.7 20,904 6.7 Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.13 1.0 300 1.0 15,511 1.0 Bartenders...................................................... 8.79 4.3 320 5.7 16,635 5.7 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 7.79 2.0 286 2.6 14,695 2.6 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 8.35 2.2 318 4.5 16,541 4.5 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 9.39 1.8 363 2.2 18,859 2.2 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 9.39 3.3 365 3.8 18,998 3.8 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 9.38 6.1 354 8.4 18,389 8.4 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 10.10 6.7 402 6.6 20,889 6.6 Dishwashers....................................................... 9.56 4.4 371 4.3 19,278 4.3 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......... 11.00 9.0 356 15.0 18,529 15.0 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 12.37 1.7 487 2.2 25,241 2.2 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 17.04 6.5 691 5.4 35,931 5.4 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 16.79 6.7 682 5.6 35,480 5.6 Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.57 4.2 455 4.7 23,592 4.7 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 12.13 4.7 482 4.9 25,011 4.9 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 10.09 2.7 387 2.6 20,008 2.6 Pest control workers.............................................. 16.58 10.9 656 9.0 34,106 9.0 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 12.78 6.0 496 5.6 25,772 5.6 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 12.59 6.6 494 5.9 25,705 5.9 Personal care and service occupations............................... 13.35 4.1 484 4.2 24,427 4.2 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 17.60 2.8 696 2.9 35,258 2.9 Gaming services workers........................................... 8.63 2.4 309 5.2 16,080 5.2 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........ 9.66 4.7 378 5.7 18,741 5.7 Amusement and recreation attendants............................. 9.44 6.2 378 6.2 18,221 6.2 Barbers and cosmetologists........................................ 11.03 16.6 394 16.4 20,508 16.4 Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.................. 11.03 16.6 394 16.4 20,508 16.4 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................... 10.68 11.4 422 11.3 21,960 11.3 Baggage porters and bellhops.................................... 9.36 11.9 373 12.0 19,410 12.0 Concierges...................................................... 11.89 19.3 466 19.1 24,244 19.1 Tour and travel guides............................................ 13.63 13.5 405 24.0 9,615 24.0 Tour guides and escorts......................................... 13.63 13.5 405 24.0 9,615 24.0 Transportation attendants......................................... 26.90 11.7 632 7.9 32,687 7.9 Flight attendants............................................... 32.13 10.4 641 9.3 33,313 9.3 Child care workers................................................ 11.31 5.6 443 5.7 22,449 5.7 Personal and home care aides...................................... 10.38 3.1 406 2.4 21,095 2.4 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 18.11 11.8 701 12.2 36,436 12.2 Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors....................... 20.72 5.2 798 6.6 41,472 6.6 Recreation workers.............................................. 13.68 15.4 534 15.4 27,764 15.4 Sales and related occupations....................................... 22.70 3.0 906 2.8 47,104 2.8 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 25.32 5.2 1,051 6.2 54,634 6.2 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 22.92 6.2 957 7.6 49,743 7.6 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 34.54 5.7 1,401 5.3 72,850 5.3 Retail sales workers.............................................. 15.00 4.4 591 4.6 30,754 4.6 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 12.07 3.2 473 3.0 24,611 3.0 Cashiers...................................................... 12.08 3.2 474 3.1 24,624 3.1 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 15.17 5.8 606 5.8 31,488 5.8 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 12.52 5.9 501 5.9 26,035 5.9 Parts salespersons............................................ 17.05 5.3 679 5.7 35,333 5.7 Retail salespersons............................................. 16.63 5.7 656 6.1 34,104 6.1 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 25.65 16.0 999 14.7 51,944 14.7 Insurance sales agents............................................ 38.89 22.5 1,549 22.1 80,527 22.1 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 67.41 27.8 2,696 27.8 140,198 27.8 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 30.15 5.3 1,224 5.0 63,666 5.0 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 36.84 5.4 1,476 5.4 76,734 5.4 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 27.32 8.5 1,116 8.1 58,031 8.1 Models, demonstrators, and product promoters...................... 17.92 12.6 712 12.4 37,015 12.4 Demonstrators and product promoters............................. 17.92 12.6 712 12.4 37,015 12.4 Real estate brokers and sales agents.............................. 43.91 35.8 1,756 35.8 91,326 35.8 Real estate sales agents........................................ 43.91 35.8 1,756 35.8 91,326 35.8 Sales engineers................................................... 38.70 16.2 1,561 16.5 81,170 16.5 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 26.06 26.3 1,032 26.5 53,684 26.5 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 17.50 1.5 695 1.6 36,016 1.6 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 24.42 2.6 977 2.5 50,750 2.5 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 12.74 7.2 509 7.2 26,474 7.2 Financial clerks.................................................. 16.64 1.6 663 1.5 34,486 1.5 Bill and account collectors..................................... 18.19 11.3 727 11.3 37,826 11.3 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 16.11 4.6 641 4.5 33,342 4.5 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 17.06 2.5 681 2.5 35,430 2.5 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 17.09 4.1 683 4.1 35,538 4.1 Procurement clerks.............................................. 17.01 10.7 643 7.9 33,449 7.9 Tellers......................................................... 13.72 1.9 547 2.1 28,454 2.1 Brokerage clerks.................................................. 19.91 4.4 796 4.4 41,412 4.4 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 16.19 10.2 648 10.2 33,676 10.2 Customer service representatives.................................. 18.35 4.9 731 4.9 38,034 4.9 File clerks....................................................... 14.81 5.0 588 4.9 30,597 4.9 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 10.50 4.5 409 5.7 21,250 5.7 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 16.90 10.6 672 10.7 34,945 10.7 Library assistants, clerical...................................... 16.35 2.6 653 2.7 33,823 2.7 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 16.63 7.2 663 7.2 34,477 7.2 Order clerks...................................................... 17.14 5.3 684 5.1 35,568 5.1 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 19.02 4.0 756 3.9 39,322 3.9 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 14.09 3.1 558 3.0 28,980 3.0 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.... 15.80 8.1 632 8.1 32,870 8.1 Couriers and messengers........................................... 12.47 3.5 499 3.5 25,933 3.5 Dispatchers....................................................... 17.71 10.8 701 10.2 36,465 10.2 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 17.72 11.1 701 10.5 36,465 10.5 Meter readers, utilities.......................................... 23.75 9.4 950 9.4 49,409 9.4 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 23.70 4.6 951 4.5 49,474 4.5 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 14.56 2.1 582 2.1 30,256 2.1 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 13.47 6.1 536 6.0 27,895 6.0 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........ 15.02 13.0 601 13.0 31,239 13.0 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 21.24 3.3 827 2.8 42,234 2.8 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 23.86 1.4 951 1.4 49,477 1.4 Legal secretaries............................................... 25.62 9.3 992 8.3 51,587 8.3 Medical secretaries............................................. 16.75 9.0 627 8.6 32,446 8.6 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 17.68 6.1 680 3.4 33,558 3.4 Computer operators................................................ 20.24 6.8 808 6.8 42,038 6.8 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 15.03 7.3 598 7.1 31,113 7.1 Data entry keyers............................................... 13.38 3.0 533 2.9 27,723 2.9 Word processors and typists..................................... 19.14 11.4 759 11.1 39,475 11.1 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 17.59 5.5 695 5.7 36,139 5.7 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..... 11.19 11.4 445 11.4 23,121 11.4 Office clerks, general............................................ 15.75 3.2 626 2.9 32,518 2.9 Office machine operators, except computer......................... 14.73 14.2 584 13.9 30,390 13.9 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.......................... 11.58 30.1 455 30.0 17,346 30.0 Graders and sorters, agricultural products........................ 9.53 9.1 352 13.9 15,072 13.9 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 23.21 3.2 921 3.0 47,006 3.0 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 34.44 2.8 1,381 3.0 71,137 3.0 Carpenters........................................................ 23.20 4.7 928 4.7 47,442 4.7 Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers.................. 21.20 28.3 833 29.6 43,331 29.6 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........... 24.33 5.2 973 5.2 47,123 5.2 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................ 24.33 5.2 973 5.2 47,123 5.2 Construction laborers............................................. 18.26 6.8 707 6.0 35,673 6.0 Construction equipment operators.................................. 24.58 8.6 978 8.2 47,374 8.2 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 26.42 9.8 1,057 9.8 52,099 9.8 Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers........... 19.81 12.3 792 12.3 40,513 12.3 Drywall and ceiling tile installers............................. 19.36 14.0 774 13.9 39,557 13.9 Tapers.......................................................... 21.32 16.0 853 16.0 43,732 16.0 Electricians...................................................... 26.22 4.9 1,049 4.9 54,516 4.9 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 20.15 13.5 779 16.9 40,523 16.9 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 20.15 13.5 779 16.9 40,523 16.9 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 28.27 3.9 1,131 3.9 58,808 3.9 Pipelayers...................................................... 29.94 8.3 1,198 8.3 62,278 8.3 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 28.07 4.8 1,123 4.8 58,378 4.8 Roofers........................................................... 23.54 10.3 938 10.7 44,939 10.7 Sheet metal workers............................................... 24.16 31.4 911 35.3 47,368 35.3 Structural iron and steel workers................................. 26.06 7.5 1,042 7.5 54,196 7.5 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 15.72 3.8 629 3.8 32,550 3.8 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 31.24 10.8 1,261 12.4 65,588 12.4 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 16.94 10.3 678 10.3 34,409 10.3 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 21.93 2.5 879 2.6 45,561 2.6 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 27.13 6.5 1,089 6.8 56,631 6.8 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......... 16.36 35.8 654 35.9 34,013 35.9 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 26.17 8.3 1,047 8.3 54,440 8.3 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 26.17 8.3 1,047 8.3 54,440 8.3 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 26.07 5.4 1,043 5.4 54,147 5.4 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 26.80 14.3 1,072 14.3 55,481 14.3 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 28.19 1.6 1,127 1.6 58,630 1.6 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 19.57 3.4 783 3.5 40,708 3.5 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 17.71 8.5 708 8.5 36,835 8.5 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 19.74 4.6 790 4.7 41,062 4.7 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 21.92 5.6 874 5.8 45,445 5.8 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 21.26 7.7 850 7.7 44,210 7.7 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 21.79 7.6 871 7.6 45,314 7.6 Rail car repairers.............................................. 26.48 1.2 1,059 1.2 55,088 1.2 Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanic, installers, and repairers.................................................. 11.69 3.6 468 3.6 24,316 3.6 Tire repairers and changers..................................... 11.66 3.8 466 3.8 24,245 3.8 Control and valve installers and repairers........................ 25.33 2.8 1,013 2.8 52,695 2.8 Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door......................................................... 25.33 2.8 1,013 2.8 52,695 2.8 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 25.45 11.9 1,074 14.8 55,830 14.8 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 21.47 4.4 857 4.6 43,918 4.6 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 23.44 3.6 936 3.6 48,696 3.6 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 20.27 4.2 807 4.2 40,398 4.2 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 20.84 15.1 833 15.1 43,337 15.1 Line installers and repairers..................................... 28.14 3.9 1,125 3.9 58,523 3.9 Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................. 35.72 7.1 1,429 7.1 74,294 7.1 Precision instrument and equipment repairers...................... 26.96 8.2 1,078 8.2 56,074 8.2 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 15.55 5.9 622 5.9 32,245 5.9 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 12.14 4.8 486 4.8 25,103 4.8 Production occupations.............................................. 16.10 2.0 640 2.1 33,128 2.1 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 26.00 4.7 1,049 4.9 54,523 4.9 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 13.70 7.0 544 7.6 28,294 7.6 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 13.31 7.0 528 7.7 27,447 7.7 Electromechanical equipment assemblers.......................... 15.32 15.5 613 15.5 31,866 15.5 Structural metal fabricators and fitters.......................... 14.53 6.1 581 6.1 30,226 6.1 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 14.45 4.7 578 4.6 29,999 4.6 Team assemblers................................................. 11.62 12.5 465 12.5 24,164 12.5 Bakers............................................................ 11.46 5.3 453 5.6 23,556 5.6 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 18.50 5.7 736 5.7 38,287 5.7 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 19.57 4.0 778 4.0 40,445 4.0 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 11.41 5.8 456 5.8 23,590 5.8 Food batchmakers................................................ 10.58 7.4 422 7.5 21,797 7.5 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 18.05 11.2 722 11.2 37,534 11.2 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 17.64 12.8 705 12.8 36,681 12.8 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 14.62 11.3 585 11.3 30,411 11.3 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 13.37 6.5 531 5.8 27,630 5.8 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 14.76 4.2 579 5.4 30,123 5.4 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................... 11.66 8.5 466 8.5 24,250 8.5 Machinists........................................................ 22.66 3.1 906 3.1 47,134 3.1 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 14.00 20.8 503 27.6 26,167 27.6 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 13.56 25.0 480 32.5 24,935 32.5 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 13.93 4.2 557 4.2 28,970 4.2 Tool and die makers............................................... 23.79 6.2 951 6.2 49,473 6.2 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 19.12 4.6 765 4.6 39,776 4.6 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 19.14 6.3 765 6.3 39,805 6.3 Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 19.01 16.7 761 16.7 39,548 16.7 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 18.49 10.7 739 10.7 38,453 10.7 Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 18.65 14.1 746 14.1 38,797 14.1 Bookbinders and bindery workers................................... 14.19 19.7 499 21.1 25,353 21.1 Printers.......................................................... 17.80 5.0 707 5.0 36,732 5.0 Job printers.................................................... 17.00 11.7 672 11.9 34,949 11.9 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 18.21 11.8 719 12.3 37,363 12.3 Printing machine operators...................................... 17.88 3.7 714 3.7 37,084 3.7 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 9.82 4.8 387 4.8 20,144 4.8 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 8.54 8.6 334 8.2 17,384 8.2 Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders................... 10.41 5.4 416 5.4 21,643 5.4 Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders......... 10.43 5.7 417 5.7 21,704 5.7 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 15.17 26.4 607 26.4 31,562 26.4 Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................ 13.48 5.2 539 5.2 28,029 5.2 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 12.61 7.9 504 7.9 26,166 7.9 Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood............ 13.32 7.4 533 7.4 27,605 7.4 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing....................................................... 11.20 10.7 448 10.7 23,303 10.7 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 27.70 8.6 1,066 5.7 55,421 5.7 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 29.54 2.4 1,133 5.1 58,933 5.1 Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers 30.24 3.3 1,198 3.7 62,292 3.7 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....... 19.35 13.4 734 13.1 38,152 13.1 Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders...................... 21.54 18.6 846 17.6 43,979 17.6 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 16.01 13.4 641 13.4 30,941 13.4 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 15.17 13.6 607 13.6 28,043 13.6 Cutting workers................................................... 12.84 12.3 488 7.8 24,638 7.8 Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 12.93 12.9 491 8.1 24,730 8.1 Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................... 16.03 19.2 641 19.2 33,349 19.2 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 15.86 3.2 625 4.1 32,204 4.1 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 13.23 10.0 527 9.7 26,970 9.7 Painting workers.................................................. 14.97 12.7 598 12.8 31,073 12.8 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 14.28 14.8 568 15.1 29,532 15.1 Painters, transportation equipment.............................. 18.80 10.4 752 10.4 39,101 10.4 Photographic process workers and processing machine operators..... 21.26 9.2 806 7.8 41,013 7.8 Photographic process workers.................................... 26.63 6.8 970 4.6 49,421 4.6 Semiconductor processors.......................................... 15.11 11.6 604 11.6 31,392 11.6 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 13.42 8.1 533 7.8 27,643 7.8 Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders............. 20.36 8.9 797 11.0 41,432 11.0 Helpers--production workers..................................... 10.04 2.8 401 2.8 20,867 2.8 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 16.17 2.9 641 3.0 33,067 3.0 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 20.47 8.8 819 8.9 42,608 8.9 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 27.43 9.5 1,100 9.5 57,193 9.5 Aircraft pilots and flight engineers.............................. 113.30 9.7 2,357 8.8 122,539 8.8 Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers.................. 115.09 9.5 2,373 8.8 123,398 8.8 Bus drivers....................................................... 14.99 3.6 586 2.8 29,222 2.8 Bus drivers, transit and intercity.............................. 15.03 3.7 587 3.0 30,186 3.0 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 17.98 3.5 722 4.0 37,325 4.0 Driver/sales workers............................................ 18.86 16.2 754 16.2 39,232 16.2 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 19.37 2.2 780 2.8 40,169 2.8 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 15.90 5.3 635 5.4 33,013 5.4 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................... 11.42 11.9 457 11.9 23,739 11.9 Locomotive engineers and operators................................ 36.50 6.2 1,460 6.2 75,913 6.2 Locomotive engineers............................................ 38.32 2.6 1,533 2.6 79,698 2.6 Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators...................... 30.06 4.1 1,202 4.1 62,529 4.1 Parking lot attendants............................................ 9.05 13.4 362 13.4 18,827 13.4 Service station attendants........................................ 9.16 .8 365 1.1 18,985 1.1 Crane and tower operators......................................... 32.90 5.1 1,308 5.5 68,004 5.5 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 24.02 5.6 961 5.6 49,954 5.6 Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators........... 23.63 6.8 945 6.8 49,149 6.8 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 14.54 2.9 580 2.8 30,165 2.8 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 12.05 1.7 479 1.5 24,602 1.5 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 11.49 2.2 460 2.2 23,765 2.2 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 12.97 1.5 516 1.4 26,612 1.4 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 9.89 5.2 390 4.8 19,567 4.8 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 13 Full-time(1) State and local government workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $29.24 1.8% $1,152 1.7% $55,037 1.7% Management occupations.............................................. 43.37 3.7 1,735 3.7 88,176 3.7 General and operations managers................................... 41.38 13.5 1,668 13.7 86,762 13.7 Administrative services managers.................................. 36.95 7.3 1,473 7.4 76,524 7.4 Computer and information systems managers......................... 46.44 3.8 1,873 3.3 93,923 3.3 Financial managers................................................ 39.77 9.9 1,579 9.8 80,764 9.8 Human resources managers.......................................... 44.50 9.5 1,780 9.5 92,557 9.5 Construction managers............................................. 37.93 3.5 1,517 3.5 78,894 3.5 Education administrators.......................................... 49.17 3.3 1,979 3.1 93,789 3.1 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 52.76 3.1 2,119 2.9 99,121 2.9 Engineering managers.............................................. 55.03 6.2 2,201 6.2 114,461 6.2 Medical and health services managers.............................. 44.97 7.1 1,799 7.1 93,548 7.1 Social and community service managers............................. 32.47 4.8 1,299 4.8 67,547 4.8 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 28.53 3.8 1,140 3.7 59,194 3.7 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 25.40 6.3 1,016 6.3 52,836 6.3 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 24.47 10.7 979 10.7 50,894 10.7 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 27.98 6.5 1,106 5.9 57,496 5.9 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 27.98 6.5 1,106 5.9 57,496 5.9 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation..................................... 23.15 6.2 926 6.2 48,153 6.2 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 31.36 8.2 1,257 8.0 65,389 8.0 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists............ 26.69 9.9 1,068 9.9 55,520 9.9 Management analysts............................................... 31.48 3.9 1,268 3.7 65,950 3.7 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 27.88 6.8 1,115 6.8 57,997 6.8 Appraisers and assessors of real estate........................... 27.72 11.3 1,109 11.3 57,659 11.3 Budget analysts................................................... 26.27 7.3 1,051 7.3 54,647 7.3 Tax examiners, collectors, preparers, and revenue agents.......... 23.66 9.5 946 9.5 49,203 9.5 Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents................... 23.66 9.5 946 9.5 49,203 9.5 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 30.21 2.2 1,207 2.3 62,269 2.3 Computer programmers.............................................. 35.38 6.4 1,415 6.4 73,599 6.4 Computer software engineers....................................... 32.54 5.3 1,302 5.3 67,684 5.3 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 32.12 5.7 1,285 5.7 66,810 5.7 Computer support specialists...................................... 23.43 4.4 937 4.4 47,545 4.4 Computer systems analysts......................................... 33.34 4.4 1,334 4.4 69,344 4.4 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 27.97 9.7 1,103 10.1 56,532 10.1 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 34.81 4.5 1,392 4.5 72,400 4.5 Engineers......................................................... 39.33 3.5 1,573 3.5 81,812 3.5 Civil engineers................................................. 39.74 3.0 1,590 3.0 82,662 3.0 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 29.70 6.4 1,188 6.4 61,783 6.4 Civil engineering technicians................................... 26.75 3.0 1,070 3.0 55,639 3.0 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 28.08 3.1 1,120 3.2 56,436 3.2 Life scientists................................................... 25.43 11.4 1,017 11.4 51,572 11.4 Biological scientists........................................... 26.29 15.1 1,051 15.1 52,709 15.1 Conservation scientists and foresters........................... 24.08 14.7 963 14.7 49,774 14.7 Conservation scientists....................................... 21.33 10.4 853 10.4 44,360 10.4 Physical scientists............................................... 32.05 10.7 1,282 10.7 66,671 10.7 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 29.23 10.8 1,169 10.8 60,800 10.8 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.... 29.23 10.8 1,169 10.8 60,800 10.8 Psychologists..................................................... 38.12 4.2 1,518 4.2 67,745 4.2 Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.................. 37.65 6.3 1,495 6.0 62,117 6.0 Urban and regional planners....................................... 32.98 9.1 1,304 10.1 67,806 10.1 Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...... 24.72 10.0 989 10.0 51,424 10.0 Community and social services occupations........................... 27.32 3.2 1,090 3.1 54,273 3.1 Counselors........................................................ 31.04 6.5 1,236 6.4 58,311 6.4 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 30.22 5.9 1,193 5.7 53,377 5.7 Social workers.................................................... 26.77 4.7 1,067 4.7 54,650 4.7 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 25.41 6.0 1,013 6.0 51,894 6.0 Medical and public health social workers........................ 22.80 6.2 912 6.2 47,421 6.2 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 24.07 6.5 962 6.5 49,316 6.5 Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists....... 29.57 7.8 1,184 7.7 60,847 7.7 Social and human service assistants............................. 18.48 6.9 736 7.0 37,345 7.0 Legal occupations................................................... 35.08 7.0 1,403 7.0 72,973 7.0 Lawyers........................................................... 44.78 6.7 1,791 6.7 93,140 6.7 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 23.32 8.1 933 8.1 48,515 8.1 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 25.12 23.8 1,005 23.8 52,244 23.8 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 39.56 3.0 1,463 3.0 57,366 3.0 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 50.62 5.9 1,983 6.0 82,611 6.0 Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................... 57.93 16.3 2,277 17.2 91,599 17.2 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 75.96 4.6 3,028 4.7 143,129 4.7 Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.................... 76.33 4.7 3,043 4.7 144,355 4.7 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 51.86 9.1 2,049 8.9 82,028 8.9 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 38.43 6.9 1,494 6.2 61,709 6.2 Vocational education teachers, postsecondary.................. 24.43 15.1 954 13.5 46,631 13.5 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 41.56 1.7 1,537 1.2 57,722 1.2 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 36.68 7.7 1,290 7.0 48,992 7.0 Kindergarten teachers, except special education............... 41.97 5.5 1,524 4.7 56,366 4.7 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 41.78 1.8 1,550 1.1 57,908 1.1 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 41.82 1.6 1,552 1.1 58,196 1.1 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 41.54 3.3 1,537 2.0 56,228 2.0 Secondary school teachers....................................... 41.73 3.5 1,542 2.9 58,281 2.9 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 42.13 3.7 1,561 2.7 58,959 2.7 Vocational education teachers, secondary school............... 34.67 8.0 1,227 5.1 46,556 5.1 Special education teachers...................................... 40.96 3.4 1,514 2.2 57,238 2.2 Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school.......................................... 39.90 2.9 1,488 2.7 56,815 2.7 Special education teachers, secondary school.................. 43.55 5.0 1,570 4.1 57,777 4.1 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 41.99 2.1 1,490 3.1 58,415 3.1 Librarians........................................................ 30.71 7.9 1,189 5.0 57,758 5.0 Library technicians............................................... 19.43 5.3 765 6.0 36,984 6.0 Instructional coordinators........................................ 38.40 6.0 1,522 4.7 67,831 4.7 Teacher assistants................................................ 16.06 3.7 516 5.9 21,662 5.9 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 27.67 7.5 1,066 7.3 53,927 7.3 Public relations specialists...................................... 25.87 4.8 1,035 4.8 53,814 4.8 Miscellaneous media and communication workers..................... 24.00 14.1 933 14.3 46,123 14.3 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 30.02 4.0 1,269 4.4 64,751 4.4 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 22.68 18.3 1,394 14.2 71,775 14.2 Registered nurses................................................. 39.60 5.2 1,533 5.5 78,940 5.5 Therapists........................................................ 31.60 8.8 1,218 8.4 52,725 8.4 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 20.09 5.6 804 5.6 41,785 5.6 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 19.43 4.6 777 4.6 40,409 4.6 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 32.53 13.0 1,268 15.4 65,921 15.4 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 32.53 13.0 1,268 15.4 65,921 15.4 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 20.15 6.4 804 6.6 41,831 6.6 Psychiatric technicians......................................... 22.84 3.3 910 3.4 47,331 3.4 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 19.50 7.1 738 3.0 37,537 3.0 Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........ 30.09 7.9 1,203 7.9 62,578 7.9 Occupational health and safety specialists...................... 30.31 9.6 1,212 9.6 63,047 9.6 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 15.76 4.5 626 4.7 32,312 4.7 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 13.85 5.0 547 5.4 28,191 5.4 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 12.86 3.1 506 3.6 26,054 3.6 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 17.64 5.6 706 5.6 36,415 5.6 Medical assistants.............................................. 15.57 3.9 623 3.9 32,393 3.9 Protective service occupations...................................... 30.22 2.7 1,248 3.0 64,480 3.0 First-line supervisors/managers, law enforcement workers.......... 41.22 3.7 1,651 3.8 85,864 3.8 First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers........ 37.50 6.3 1,508 6.2 78,410 6.2 First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives........ 42.73 4.7 1,709 4.6 88,875 4.6 First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers........................................................ 33.05 4.2 1,554 6.8 80,833 6.8 Fire fighters..................................................... 27.00 8.4 1,320 11.1 68,624 11.1 Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers...................... 26.33 6.5 1,054 6.6 54,815 6.6 Correctional officers and jailers............................... 26.33 6.5 1,054 6.6 54,815 6.6 Detectives and criminal investigators............................. 37.21 11.2 1,488 11.2 73,584 11.2 Police officers................................................... 33.30 1.7 1,329 1.5 68,894 1.5 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 33.30 1.7 1,329 1.5 68,894 1.5 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 18.59 7.5 724 8.4 35,922 8.4 Security guards................................................. 18.59 7.5 724 8.4 35,922 8.4 Miscellaneous protective service workers.......................... 21.63 5.3 865 5.3 44,998 5.3 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 15.34 5.3 579 4.3 26,527 4.3 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 20.85 16.0 733 23.9 32,845 23.9 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 20.85 16.0 733 23.9 32,845 23.9 Cooks............................................................. 14.35 13.0 570 13.0 26,441 13.0 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 14.98 10.9 595 11.0 27,228 11.0 Food preparation workers.......................................... 14.01 6.6 524 8.4 22,453 8.4 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 14.71 4.1 568 5.3 25,594 5.3 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 14.68 5.5 572 6.1 26,416 6.1 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 16.96 2.0 677 2.0 33,815 2.0 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 21.64 6.0 865 6.0 44,547 6.0 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 20.93 3.6 837 3.6 43,048 3.6 Building cleaning workers......................................... 16.04 2.3 641 2.3 32,750 2.3 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 16.17 2.4 646 2.4 33,001 2.4 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 17.95 7.8 714 7.7 32,303 7.7 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 18.32 4.5 726 4.5 37,303 4.5 Personal care and service occupations............................... 14.73 7.6 573 6.8 28,477 6.8 Gaming services workers........................................... 9.24 12.3 369 12.3 19,211 12.3 Child care workers................................................ 16.13 10.1 565 4.4 22,631 4.4 Sales and related occupations....................................... 15.56 11.4 622 11.4 32,361 11.4 Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.21 7.6 488 7.6 25,402 7.6 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 12.21 7.6 488 7.6 25,402 7.6 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 18.26 2.7 725 2.8 37,131 2.8 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 22.58 5.2 898 5.0 46,711 5.0 Financial clerks.................................................. 18.97 4.1 757 4.1 39,138 4.1 Bill and account collectors..................................... 18.41 9.1 736 9.1 38,295 9.1 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 19.08 4.6 763 4.7 39,649 4.7 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 20.33 4.1 803 4.7 39,690 4.7 Court, municipal, and license clerks.............................. 17.53 1.9 701 1.9 36,469 1.9 Eligibility interviewers, government programs..................... 18.46 4.8 738 4.8 38,396 4.8 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 19.45 5.9 778 5.9 40,458 5.9 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 15.22 8.1 598 7.9 30,271 7.9 Dispatchers....................................................... 22.07 11.4 891 11.8 46,331 11.8 Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers......................... 22.07 11.4 891 11.8 46,331 11.8 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 20.12 2.8 800 2.9 40,835 2.9 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 21.12 6.6 841 6.5 43,645 6.5 Legal secretaries............................................... 23.27 12.9 919 12.1 47,807 12.1 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 18.77 3.2 746 3.2 37,282 3.2 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 15.59 3.8 622 3.7 32,361 3.7 Word processors and typists..................................... 15.96 3.4 637 3.2 33,122 3.2 Office clerks, general............................................ 16.00 2.9 633 2.9 32,234 2.9 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.......................... 19.04 10.0 762 10.0 39,612 10.0 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 24.59 3.7 984 3.7 50,664 3.7 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 27.32 4.0 1,093 4.0 56,833 4.0 Construction laborers............................................. 20.39 8.8 816 8.8 42,418 8.8 Construction equipment operators.................................. 23.77 6.7 951 6.7 49,448 6.7 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 23.68 7.2 947 7.2 49,252 7.2 Electricians...................................................... 28.91 7.1 1,157 7.1 54,903 7.1 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 26.08 8.9 1,043 8.9 54,236 8.9 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 27.92 5.8 1,117 5.8 58,078 5.8 Highway maintenance workers....................................... 18.37 8.9 735 8.9 38,216 8.9 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 27.03 2.6 1,079 2.5 56,092 2.5 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 39.79 10.8 1,592 10.8 82,763 10.8 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 24.38 5.2 975 5.2 50,706 5.2 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 26.03 3.4 1,041 3.4 54,135 3.4 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 32.52 4.8 1,289 4.5 67,049 4.5 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 24.07 3.4 962 3.4 50,015 3.4 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 30.12 7.2 1,205 7.2 62,649 7.2 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 22.37 5.5 894 5.5 46,478 5.5 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 22.09 9.4 884 9.4 45,954 9.4 Production occupations.............................................. 26.13 11.2 1,040 11.1 53,670 11.1 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 35.73 6.7 1,417 6.3 71,699 6.3 Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators....... 21.75 9.4 863 9.6 44,873 9.6 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 22.56 4.0 892 4.6 44,176 4.6 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 29.56 5.4 1,182 5.4 61,489 5.4 Bus drivers....................................................... 20.84 2.4 805 3.4 37,539 3.4 Bus drivers, transit and intercity.............................. 23.04 2.4 922 2.4 47,927 2.4 Bus drivers, school............................................. 17.17 3.6 628 4.0 25,269 4.0 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 20.07 10.4 803 10.4 41,742 10.4 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 20.52 11.0 821 11.0 42,689 11.0 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 15 Private industry establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings for full-time workers Hourly earnings(2) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(1) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(3) error(3) error(3) All workers........................................................... $20.38 1.6% $807 1.6% $41,658 1.6% Management occupations.............................................. 37.81 8.6 1,544 8.5 79,739 8.5 Chief executives.................................................. 82.86 5.2 3,555 3.9 184,874 3.9 General and operations managers................................... 38.27 14.3 1,608 13.5 83,601 13.5 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 57.24 29.1 2,349 29.4 122,142 29.4 Sales managers.................................................. 41.86 13.6 1,735 12.4 90,199 12.4 Administrative services managers.................................. 25.69 4.9 1,044 5.0 54,198 5.0 Financial managers................................................ 36.00 6.5 1,470 7.1 76,424 7.1 Human resources managers.......................................... 44.35 19.2 1,728 16.9 89,841 16.9 Industrial production managers.................................... 43.11 7.8 1,724 7.8 89,663 7.8 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 32.77 27.0 1,340 28.4 69,671 28.4 Construction managers............................................. 44.05 6.6 1,787 7.6 92,899 7.6 Education administrators.......................................... 26.29 5.9 1,047 6.0 50,357 6.0 Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program............................................... 21.71 12.7 869 12.7 42,476 12.7 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 38.98 17.3 1,560 17.3 78,196 17.3 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 36.72 4.9 1,469 4.9 76,388 4.9 Engineering managers.............................................. 50.49 7.8 2,019 7.8 105,014 7.8 Food service managers............................................. 21.53 5.0 987 6.9 51,309 6.9 Property, real estate, and community association managers......... 21.14 16.9 867 18.4 45,095 18.4 Social and community service managers............................. 26.67 4.6 1,085 5.3 56,408 5.3 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 31.02 11.7 1,245 11.5 64,728 11.5 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 22.90 5.3 921 5.0 47,902 5.0 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 20.18 6.1 807 6.1 41,970 6.1 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 32.62 8.9 1,235 10.5 64,223 10.5 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 32.62 8.9 1,235 10.5 64,223 10.5 Cost estimators................................................... 38.59 19.6 1,542 19.6 80,190 19.6 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 26.37 10.1 1,058 10.3 55,033 10.3 Management analysts............................................... 51.80 31.9 2,236 27.0 116,248 27.0 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 30.29 3.4 1,202 3.3 62,492 3.3 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 34.71 12.7 1,367 12.1 71,076 12.1 Insurance underwriters.......................................... 46.48 7.6 1,790 8.0 93,086 8.0 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 36.65 6.8 1,450 6.3 75,406 6.3 Computer software engineers....................................... 43.90 12.8 1,718 11.1 89,337 11.1 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 46.95 15.8 1,815 13.7 94,359 13.7 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 38.67 2.9 1,547 2.9 80,435 2.9 Computer support specialists...................................... 32.80 15.3 1,277 15.3 66,420 15.3 Computer systems analysts......................................... 36.08 11.4 1,459 12.1 75,886 12.1 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 29.68 7.3 1,187 7.3 61,735 7.3 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 35.51 6.4 1,452 6.5 75,170 6.5 Architects, except naval.......................................... 30.12 4.1 1,245 4.4 64,719 4.4 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 30.43 5.1 1,263 5.9 65,683 5.9 Engineers......................................................... 44.11 3.2 1,841 3.2 95,105 3.2 Civil engineers................................................. 40.49 9.3 1,622 9.2 84,320 9.2 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 47.23 14.3 2,153 4.2 111,965 4.2 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 46.84 17.5 2,248 5.9 116,920 5.9 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 31.01 6.9 1,276 5.7 66,369 5.7 Industrial engineers.......................................... 30.75 11.9 1,283 10.3 66,691 10.3 Mechanical engineers............................................ 40.21 9.4 1,670 9.8 86,857 9.8 Petroleum engineers............................................. 48.52 2.4 1,941 2.4 94,647 2.4 Drafters.......................................................... 23.69 4.5 948 4.5 49,279 4.5 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 24.00 6.0 960 6.0 49,919 6.0 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 29.49 12.0 1,177 12.1 60,630 12.1 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 27.33 9.1 1,094 9.1 56,898 9.1 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 33.42 18.6 1,327 17.5 68,752 17.5 Physical scientists............................................... 31.23 7.9 1,254 7.9 65,187 7.9 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 33.57 8.8 1,349 8.6 70,172 8.6 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.... 29.79 9.5 1,202 10.7 62,530 10.7 Community and social services occupations........................... 19.45 7.4 778 9.1 39,842 9.1 Counselors........................................................ 15.49 12.2 599 13.5 30,908 13.5 Social workers.................................................... 23.43 7.3 947 7.8 49,262 7.8 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 19.35 6.2 761 6.4 38,858 6.4 Social and human service assistants............................. 15.52 3.2 610 4.0 30,819 4.0 Legal occupations................................................... 41.58 8.7 1,762 14.6 91,627 14.6 Lawyers........................................................... 49.89 7.0 2,246 7.9 116,797 7.9 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 27.95 2.0 1,067 2.4 55,507 2.4 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 15.92 5.1 621 4.8 29,785 4.8 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 35.90 24.8 1,477 23.5 71,920 23.5 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 16.07 7.3 628 7.4 30,271 7.4 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 13.30 10.0 524 10.5 26,423 10.5 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 12.81 11.4 506 12.0 25,440 12.0 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 24.59 6.8 918 8.4 38,542 8.4 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 24.67 7.7 913 9.7 39,795 9.7 Secondary school teachers....................................... 25.38 11.0 1,002 11.6 43,601 11.6 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 25.96 10.6 1,023 11.4 43,973 11.4 Special education teachers...................................... 30.17 13.2 1,154 13.0 45,724 13.0 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.51 1.5 416 1.6 20,000 1.6 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 29.71 19.2 1,190 18.0 61,864 18.0 Designers......................................................... 25.99 9.3 1,025 8.4 53,307 8.4 Graphic designers............................................... 23.73 14.7 949 14.7 49,358 14.7 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 32.00 6.6 1,239 6.5 64,398 6.5 Pharmacists....................................................... 51.94 2.0 2,083 1.9 108,292 1.9 Physician assistants.............................................. 45.69 20.2 1,827 20.2 95,026 20.2 Registered nurses................................................. 35.63 8.0 1,402 8.4 72,904 8.4 Therapists........................................................ 46.95 16.1 1,874 16.1 96,548 16.1 Dental hygienists................................................. 36.75 11.0 1,177 10.9 61,227 10.9 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 27.49 13.6 1,100 13.6 57,185 13.6 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 27.46 13.7 1,098 13.7 57,117 13.7 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 17.70 7.1 681 7.1 35,401 7.1 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 15.12 9.0 576 9.7 29,966 9.7 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 19.47 6.0 749 9.0 38,973 9.0 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 17.62 10.4 691 10.9 35,953 10.9 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 14.09 3.7 540 3.1 28,068 3.1 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.75 4.9 423 4.9 21,980 4.9 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.71 5.1 425 4.9 22,079 4.9 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 15.40 2.9 582 1.5 30,200 1.5 Dental assistants............................................... 18.20 4.8 649 5.3 33,757 5.3 Medical assistants.............................................. 13.33 4.4 521 3.5 27,079 3.5 Protective service occupations...................................... 10.95 7.7 432 7.2 22,459 7.2 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 10.52 8.1 414 7.7 21,527 7.7 Security guards................................................. 10.52 8.1 414 7.7 21,527 7.7 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.19 1.6 389 2.0 20,194 2.0 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 16.27 4.0 661 4.8 34,361 4.8 Chefs and head cooks............................................ 19.34 7.7 773 7.8 40,220 7.8 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 15.67 5.3 639 6.7 33,207 6.7 Cooks............................................................. 11.03 1.9 428 2.2 22,230 2.2 Cooks, fast food................................................ 9.40 4.5 360 5.3 18,738 5.3 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 12.03 9.0 480 8.8 24,801 8.8 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 11.13 3.8 429 4.4 22,311 4.4 Cooks, short order.............................................. 10.72 9.1 419 8.6 21,779 8.6 Food preparation workers.......................................... 10.25 8.7 402 9.1 20,923 9.1 Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.07 1.5 295 1.9 15,241 1.9 Bartenders...................................................... 8.57 3.1 306 5.0 15,889 5.0 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 7.83 2.7 288 3.5 14,774 3.5 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 8.20 3.0 305 5.5 15,850 5.5 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 8.79 3.6 338 3.7 17,561 3.7 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 8.87 3.9 344 4.2 17,887 4.2 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 8.49 3.1 315 5.6 16,378 5.6 Dishwashers....................................................... 9.08 3.8 350 3.9 18,181 3.9 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 12.37 3.7 483 3.7 25,015 3.7 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 16.18 5.2 649 5.2 33,740 5.2 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 15.55 5.0 624 4.9 32,445 4.9 Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.63 5.7 413 6.3 21,366 6.3 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.34 5.1 450 5.5 23,365 5.5 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 8.80 3.3 328 4.8 16,835 4.8 Pest control workers.............................................. 16.58 10.9 656 9.0 34,106 9.0 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 13.77 7.1 533 7.7 27,724 7.7 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 13.64 8.2 540 8.3 28,056 8.3 Personal care and service occupations............................... 12.46 9.4 472 9.7 23,476 9.7 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........ 9.84 8.1 361 12.5 15,923 12.5 Child care workers................................................ 11.26 8.0 439 8.1 22,069 8.1 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 20.08 8.8 782 8.8 40,687 8.8 Sales and related occupations....................................... 21.17 2.9 846 3.1 43,980 3.1 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 23.95 10.5 1,002 12.0 52,101 12.0 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 22.92 10.8 961 12.9 49,979 12.9 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 29.81 9.0 1,231 7.1 64,007 7.1 Retail sales workers.............................................. 14.40 5.6 567 6.1 29,508 6.1 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 11.42 3.0 444 3.1 23,112 3.1 Cashiers...................................................... 11.42 3.0 444 3.1 23,112 3.1 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 14.94 5.9 596 5.9 30,983 5.9 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 11.64 4.4 465 4.4 24,205 4.4 Parts salespersons............................................ 16.84 5.7 671 6.1 34,876 6.1 Retail salespersons............................................. 16.13 9.6 638 10.5 33,166 10.5 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 30.02 9.2 1,163 7.4 60,494 7.4 Insurance sales agents............................................ 40.98 19.4 1,632 19.0 84,863 19.0 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 46.36 24.8 1,854 24.8 96,429 24.8 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 29.31 10.2 1,187 10.2 61,741 10.2 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 34.00 10.5 1,362 10.4 70,800 10.4 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 27.50 15.6 1,119 15.7 58,194 15.7 Models, demonstrators, and product promoters...................... 17.25 14.4 684 13.9 35,547 13.9 Demonstrators and product promoters............................. 17.25 14.4 684 13.9 35,547 13.9 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 16.78 2.5 663 2.6 34,322 2.6 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 23.14 5.8 923 5.7 48,021 5.7 Financial clerks.................................................. 16.39 2.6 652 2.4 33,903 2.4 Bill and account collectors..................................... 21.68 10.5 867 10.5 45,089 10.5 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 15.64 4.2 620 3.8 32,222 3.8 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 16.71 2.9 667 2.9 34,705 2.9 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 18.58 9.2 743 9.2 38,643 9.2 Tellers......................................................... 13.32 2.0 531 2.2 27,598 2.2 Customer service representatives.................................. 18.12 4.1 721 3.9 37,488 3.9 File clerks....................................................... 14.86 7.7 577 7.0 30,013 7.0 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 9.63 3.1 371 5.8 19,309 5.8 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 17.09 11.4 677 11.5 35,204 11.5 Order clerks...................................................... 17.63 3.6 703 3.4 36,568 3.4 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 13.35 2.7 526 2.8 27,352 2.8 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.... 11.77 3.4 471 3.4 24,486 3.4 Dispatchers....................................................... 16.36 12.4 640 11.9 33,254 11.9 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 16.36 12.4 640 11.9 33,254 11.9 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 22.26 10.5 902 10.1 46,895 10.1 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 14.54 3.9 581 3.9 30,193 3.9 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 12.68 8.7 506 8.7 26,289 8.7 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 19.70 4.7 756 4.6 38,020 4.6 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 24.32 2.6 968 3.9 50,333 3.9 Legal secretaries............................................... 21.47 9.0 844 8.6 43,866 8.6 Medical secretaries............................................. 16.10 12.5 587 10.8 30,273 10.8 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 17.24 8.6 652 4.9 31,596 4.9 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 13.72 2.1 549 2.1 28,547 2.1 Data entry keyers............................................... 12.68 1.6 507 1.6 26,381 1.6 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 19.62 11.2 773 11.1 40,176 11.1 Office clerks, general............................................ 15.17 5.1 603 4.8 31,287 4.8 Office machine operators, except computer......................... 14.75 14.3 585 14.0 30,444 14.0 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 22.43 2.7 886 2.8 45,253 2.8 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 33.42 2.8 1,337 2.8 68,336 2.8 Carpenters........................................................ 22.95 4.1 917 4.1 47,605 4.1 Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers.................. 27.82 26.8 1,076 30.8 55,955 30.8 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........... 21.87 10.4 875 10.4 41,182 10.4 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................ 21.87 10.4 875 10.4 41,182 10.4 Construction laborers............................................. 16.36 3.9 623 4.0 31,466 4.0 Construction equipment operators.................................. 23.71 9.0 948 9.0 45,514 9.0 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 25.78 11.9 1,031 11.9 50,366 11.9 Electricians...................................................... 25.81 4.2 1,032 4.2 53,677 4.2 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 20.66 14.6 797 18.2 41,421 18.2 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 20.66 14.6 797 18.2 41,421 18.2 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 26.83 5.1 1,073 5.1 55,798 5.1 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 26.47 6.7 1,059 6.7 55,052 6.7 Roofers........................................................... 23.54 10.5 938 10.8 44,898 10.8 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 13.96 11.1 558 11.1 28,906 11.1 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 17.19 11.8 688 11.8 34,596 11.8 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 20.95 1.8 840 2.0 43,517 2.0 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 26.69 8.3 1,073 8.7 55,798 8.7 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 25.16 14.8 1,006 14.8 52,327 14.8 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 25.16 14.8 1,006 14.8 52,327 14.8 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 19.18 2.4 767 2.4 39,894 2.4 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 17.85 8.6 714 8.6 37,130 8.6 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 19.33 3.0 773 3.1 40,190 3.1 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 21.31 6.9 849 7.1 44,127 7.1 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 17.68 10.4 707 10.4 36,784 10.4 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 18.95 11.1 758 11.1 39,408 11.1 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 23.02 10.5 995 18.7 51,744 18.7 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.03 4.4 800 4.4 40,542 4.4 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 22.37 4.2 895 4.2 46,540 4.2 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 18.75 5.9 747 5.5 36,733 5.5 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 19.24 20.3 770 20.3 40,016 20.3 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 14.97 7.9 599 7.9 30,970 7.9 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 12.33 6.5 493 6.5 25,435 6.5 Production occupations.............................................. 15.62 4.6 619 5.1 32,016 5.1 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 26.14 6.2 1,062 7.0 55,224 7.0 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 11.65 18.5 451 20.2 23,434 20.2 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 11.77 23.6 451 25.9 23,457 25.9 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 12.07 7.4 482 7.2 25,039 7.2 Bakers............................................................ 10.90 9.6 426 10.2 22,132 10.2 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 18.38 3.3 726 2.4 37,747 2.4 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 18.24 3.1 719 2.6 37,378 2.6 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 10.68 13.8 427 13.8 21,946 13.8 Food batchmakers................................................ 8.75 7.1 350 7.1 17,846 7.1 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 17.56 13.1 702 13.1 36,521 13.1 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 17.56 14.4 703 14.4 36,534 14.4 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 15.07 5.6 603 5.6 31,340 5.6 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 15.63 5.2 625 5.2 32,512 5.2 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 20.05 8.2 802 8.2 41,713 8.2 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 20.52 7.5 821 7.5 42,672 7.5 Printers.......................................................... 16.74 6.1 670 6.1 34,790 6.1 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 18.02 3.1 721 3.1 37,484 3.1 Printing machine operators...................................... 16.51 4.5 660 4.5 34,226 4.5 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 8.42 12.5 326 11.9 16,931 11.9 Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................ 13.98 5.3 559 5.3 29,086 5.3 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 12.99 13.0 520 13.0 26,877 13.0 Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood............ 13.68 10.3 547 10.3 28,281 10.3 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 18.40 16.7 736 16.7 33,895 16.7 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 14.70 13.3 588 13.3 29,990 13.3 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 13.04 7.2 522 7.2 25,706 7.2 Painting workers.................................................. 14.72 9.0 587 9.2 30,505 9.2 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 13.90 15.4 551 15.9 28,644 15.9 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 12.27 7.6 484 6.4 25,150 6.4 Helpers--production workers..................................... 9.84 3.9 393 3.9 20,432 3.9 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.74 3.4 547 3.4 28,196 3.4 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 17.43 7.8 697 7.8 36,263 7.8 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 24.25 2.1 980 2.0 50,983 2.0 Bus drivers....................................................... 14.48 3.0 547 7.9 27,043 7.9 Bus drivers, transit and intercity.............................. 14.58 3.5 547 9.1 28,450 9.1 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 15.93 3.9 637 4.0 32,828 4.0 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 17.57 3.2 703 3.2 35,897 3.2 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 14.08 5.0 562 5.1 29,239 5.1 Service station attendants........................................ 9.14 .9 364 1.3 18,937 1.3 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 13.19 7.9 527 7.9 27,426 7.9 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 11.74 3.5 466 3.3 23,989 3.3 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 11.79 3.5 471 3.5 24,496 3.5 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 11.91 4.4 473 4.5 24,418 4.5 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 10.68 9.3 420 8.8 20,656 8.8 1 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 16 Private industry establishments with 100 workers or more: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings for full-time workers Hourly earnings(2) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(1) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(3) error(3) error(3) All workers........................................................... $25.73 2.5% $1,025 2.6% $52,989 2.6% Management occupations.............................................. 51.44 2.3 2,091 2.2 108,703 2.2 General and operations managers................................... 65.36 7.3 2,624 7.5 136,459 7.5 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 49.39 7.1 2,026 6.6 105,360 6.6 Marketing managers.............................................. 51.94 2.4 2,145 1.8 111,556 1.8 Sales managers.................................................. 45.65 15.7 1,854 15.4 96,411 15.4 Public relations managers......................................... 52.73 13.5 2,034 14.6 105,777 14.6 Administrative services managers.................................. 37.47 5.1 1,478 4.9 76,837 4.9 Computer and information systems managers......................... 60.90 7.1 2,588 7.3 134,593 7.3 Financial managers................................................ 54.17 7.4 2,208 7.3 114,838 7.3 Human resources managers.......................................... 46.54 13.8 1,900 13.0 98,799 13.0 Industrial production managers.................................... 46.11 5.0 1,846 4.4 96,008 4.4 Purchasing managers............................................... 45.69 4.1 1,873 5.8 97,385 5.8 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 41.91 2.9 1,676 2.9 87,169 2.9 Construction managers............................................. 46.75 7.5 1,896 6.6 98,592 6.6 Education administrators.......................................... 30.50 19.4 1,220 19.4 62,568 19.4 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 39.15 7.9 1,566 7.9 80,225 7.9 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 35.10 8.1 1,404 8.1 71,161 8.1 Engineering managers.............................................. 62.76 4.2 2,524 4.1 131,273 4.1 Lodging managers.................................................. 37.71 49.5 1,653 42.2 85,970 42.2 Medical and health services managers.............................. 47.61 6.1 1,902 6.2 98,909 6.2 Social and community service managers............................. 27.05 12.2 1,071 12.1 55,185 12.1 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 33.30 .9 1,349 1.0 70,136 1.0 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 32.82 3.8 1,358 5.7 70,641 5.7 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 33.51 11.2 1,350 11.0 70,183 11.0 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 32.50 8.6 1,363 11.7 70,862 11.7 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 25.83 10.2 1,016 10.1 52,823 10.1 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 25.96 9.9 1,020 9.8 53,050 9.8 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation..................................... 58.79 18.8 2,463 20.9 128,068 20.9 Cost estimators................................................... 37.40 9.2 1,496 9.3 77,815 9.3 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 27.57 2.8 1,110 3.0 57,715 3.0 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 27.87 2.6 1,115 2.6 57,978 2.6 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists............ 24.01 12.5 968 12.4 50,350 12.4 Training and development specialists............................ 26.42 8.8 1,070 9.6 55,644 9.6 Logisticians...................................................... 39.13 8.8 1,565 8.8 81,385 8.8 Management analysts............................................... 38.58 4.4 1,551 4.5 80,678 4.5 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 31.64 4.8 1,286 5.3 66,851 5.3 Budget analysts................................................... 25.22 3.9 1,007 3.8 52,386 3.8 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 35.28 4.5 1,417 4.5 73,698 4.5 Financial analysts.............................................. 35.14 1.7 1,416 1.8 73,641 1.8 Insurance underwriters.......................................... 35.74 15.9 1,424 15.9 74,060 15.9 Loan counselors and officers...................................... 25.47 4.2 1,029 5.1 53,491 5.1 Loan officers................................................... 25.77 3.9 1,041 4.8 54,155 4.8 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 39.25 2.1 1,614 2.4 83,937 2.4 Computer and information scientists, research..................... 45.30 19.5 1,812 19.5 94,221 19.5 Computer programmers.............................................. 37.08 7.1 1,494 7.5 77,671 7.5 Computer software engineers....................................... 46.19 2.6 1,934 3.3 100,562 3.3 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 42.66 5.5 1,832 4.3 95,283 4.3 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 48.50 6.0 1,998 6.6 103,876 6.6 Computer support specialists...................................... 25.25 9.7 1,035 11.1 53,778 11.1 Computer systems analysts......................................... 39.56 4.9 1,619 5.2 84,208 5.2 Database administrators........................................... 38.88 6.9 1,643 6.0 85,462 6.0 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 34.22 2.8 1,355 2.7 70,444 2.7 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 32.08 9.1 1,293 9.4 67,231 9.4 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 40.72 1.1 1,637 1.1 84,818 1.1 Engineers......................................................... 44.00 3.1 1,770 3.3 92,051 3.3 Aerospace engineers............................................. 53.70 3.0 2,148 3.0 111,696 3.0 Civil engineers................................................. 41.82 10.9 1,673 10.9 86,977 10.9 Computer hardware engineers..................................... 43.18 7.3 1,770 6.6 92,050 6.6 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 42.39 7.4 1,696 7.4 88,212 7.4 Electrical engineers.......................................... 49.77 7.7 1,991 7.7 103,515 7.7 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 39.93 8.5 1,598 8.6 83,110 8.6 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 38.88 5.5 1,588 6.3 82,597 6.3 Industrial engineers.......................................... 40.90 2.3 1,676 3.1 87,129 3.1 Mechanical engineers............................................ 38.77 9.2 1,551 9.2 80,647 9.2 Nuclear engineers............................................... 44.73 .6 1,789 .6 93,037 .6 Drafters.......................................................... 25.96 8.1 1,039 8.1 54,005 8.1 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 24.74 12.6 990 12.6 51,455 12.6 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 28.35 4.4 1,134 4.4 57,721 4.4 Aerospace engineering and operations technicians................ 29.41 3.1 1,176 3.1 61,164 3.1 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 26.63 5.7 1,065 5.7 55,392 5.7 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 34.82 5.8 1,411 7.0 73,352 7.0 Life scientists................................................... 35.36 12.8 1,409 13.5 73,269 13.5 Biological scientists........................................... 37.90 8.8 1,507 10.1 78,378 10.1 Biochemists and biophysicists................................. 39.47 12.5 1,559 13.9 81,078 13.9 Medical scientists.............................................. 24.65 20.7 986 20.7 51,267 20.7 Physical scientists............................................... 40.27 4.9 1,615 4.8 83,978 4.8 Chemists and materials scientists............................... 31.01 10.0 1,254 8.9 65,190 8.9 Chemists...................................................... 30.86 10.3 1,248 9.3 64,873 9.3 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 41.66 7.9 1,666 7.9 86,656 7.9 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.... 41.48 8.1 1,659 8.1 86,285 8.1 Market and survey researchers..................................... 43.39 6.9 1,932 3.8 100,446 3.8 Market research analysts........................................ 43.44 7.0 1,934 3.9 100,590 3.9 Biological technicians............................................ 22.58 8.9 892 8.9 46,377 8.9 Community and social services occupations........................... 20.32 8.8 792 8.1 40,493 8.1 Counselors........................................................ 18.64 6.5 721 6.8 37,469 6.8 Social workers.................................................... 22.56 12.1 904 12.0 46,223 12.0 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 17.57 8.1 703 8.1 35,193 8.1 Medical and public health social workers........................ 32.60 12.0 1,304 12.0 67,798 12.0 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 14.26 2.8 572 2.7 27,713 2.7 Social and human service assistants............................. 14.31 3.2 574 3.1 27,529 3.1 Legal occupations................................................... 72.04 15.8 2,867 16.0 149,084 16.0 Lawyers........................................................... 95.99 14.5 3,810 15.0 198,097 15.0 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 28.09 5.2 1,124 5.2 58,428 5.2 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 34.36 11.0 1,347 10.8 61,495 10.8 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 47.39 9.0 1,840 8.5 82,497 8.5 Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................... 47.42 7.6 1,888 7.8 73,513 7.8 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 53.89 25.0 2,154 24.9 110,649 24.9 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 38.24 2.2 1,399 4.0 55,768 4.0 English language and literature teachers, postsecondary....... 38.60 5.6 1,444 1.4 60,293 1.4 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 36.05 9.0 1,400 8.2 66,020 8.2 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 24.23 22.4 950 22.2 39,397 22.2 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 13.86 7.5 551 7.4 24,747 7.4 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 13.53 7.6 540 7.6 24,054 7.6 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 31.47 7.5 1,218 8.5 45,763 8.5 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 29.20 5.2 1,137 6.1 42,225 6.1 Secondary school teachers....................................... 37.45 7.2 1,504 7.2 58,426 7.2 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 37.45 7.2 1,504 7.2 58,426 7.2 Librarians........................................................ 34.58 5.4 1,357 4.5 70,364 4.5 Teacher assistants................................................ 11.65 2.0 466 2.0 24,211 2.0 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 31.76 7.1 1,287 8.6 66,336 8.6 Designers......................................................... 26.36 8.1 1,047 8.3 54,469 8.3 Graphic designers............................................... 22.63 5.7 896 6.6 46,574 6.6 Actors, producers, and directors.................................. 50.74 6.9 2,144 10.4 111,482 10.4 Producers and directors......................................... 50.74 6.9 2,144 10.4 111,482 10.4 News analysts, reporters and correspondents....................... 26.64 14.4 1,017 13.5 52,878 13.5 Reporters and correspondents.................................... 26.64 14.4 1,017 13.5 52,878 13.5 Public relations specialists...................................... 25.33 8.2 1,013 8.2 52,686 8.2 Writers and editors............................................... 31.49 7.7 1,260 7.7 62,431 7.7 Editors......................................................... 24.58 1.7 983 1.7 51,130 1.7 Technical writers............................................... 36.30 3.2 1,452 3.2 75,500 3.2 Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators... 31.85 35.7 1,305 37.8 67,884 37.8 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 32.95 1.6 1,295 1.6 67,337 1.6 Dietitians and nutritionists...................................... 25.47 12.7 1,043 15.4 54,254 15.4 Pharmacists....................................................... 50.56 1.3 2,011 1.1 104,551 1.1 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 63.82 9.2 2,564 9.3 133,322 9.3 Registered nurses................................................. 37.02 2.3 1,437 2.3 74,699 2.3 Therapists........................................................ 32.32 2.8 1,275 2.7 66,288 2.7 Occupational therapists......................................... 32.82 6.1 1,313 6.1 68,262 6.1 Physical therapists............................................. 34.90 1.8 1,382 2.0 71,840 2.0 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 27.83 1.8 1,072 3.2 55,754 3.2 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 22.82 8.7 910 8.7 47,306 8.7 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 33.17 4.5 1,322 4.5 68,719 4.5 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 18.82 3.7 750 3.5 39,011 3.5 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 30.22 5.5 1,207 5.5 62,784 5.5 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 31.99 9.1 1,280 9.1 66,547 9.1 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 29.09 5.4 1,162 5.4 60,413 5.4 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 20.45 3.4 811 3.6 42,151 3.6 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 19.12 3.5 757 4.0 39,344 4.0 Surgical technologists.......................................... 22.21 5.8 888 5.8 46,190 5.8 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 21.90 2.5 860 2.4 44,738 2.4 Medical records and health information technicians................ 14.27 4.7 571 4.7 29,688 4.7 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 14.07 3.2 552 3.7 28,702 3.7 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 12.08 3.8 469 4.4 24,396 4.4 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 12.17 3.2 471 3.9 24,496 3.9 Psychiatric aides............................................... 12.65 6.5 506 6.5 26,304 6.5 Occupational therapist assistants and aides....................... 18.63 2.5 745 2.5 38,745 2.5 Occupational therapist aides.................................... 18.63 2.5 745 2.5 38,745 2.5 Physical therapist assistants and aides........................... 16.51 12.9 661 12.9 34,351 12.9 Physical therapist assistants................................... 17.89 12.9 716 12.9 37,217 12.9 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 16.91 2.2 675 2.3 35,079 2.3 Medical assistants.............................................. 16.79 3.8 669 3.9 34,766 3.9 Medical transcriptionists....................................... 21.58 11.9 863 11.9 44,892 11.9 Protective service occupations...................................... 13.29 5.8 528 6.1 27,434 6.1 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 12.88 6.4 511 6.6 26,598 6.6 Security guards................................................. 12.88 6.4 511 6.6 26,598 6.6 Miscellaneous protective service workers.......................... 12.29 8.4 457 10.5 23,609 10.5 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 12.18 4.7 480 4.8 24,839 4.8 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 18.75 5.7 772 5.5 39,085 5.5 Chefs and head cooks............................................ 22.13 7.5 926 7.2 44,844 7.2 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 17.90 7.5 734 7.1 37,579 7.1 Cooks............................................................. 13.21 4.9 522 4.7 27,154 4.7 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 14.54 3.5 582 3.5 30,246 3.5 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 13.22 4.4 523 3.8 27,174 3.8 Food preparation workers.......................................... 10.13 8.1 401 8.0 20,864 8.0 Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.27 2.3 314 2.8 16,239 2.8 Bartenders...................................................... 9.78 9.1 390 9.1 20,291 9.1 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 7.67 1.1 282 4.1 14,477 4.1 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 8.59 2.6 339 3.4 17,652 3.4 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 12.18 4.4 483 4.1 25,134 4.1 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 12.10 4.5 479 3.6 24,888 3.6 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 12.38 10.7 495 10.7 25,752 10.7 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 9.94 8.4 395 8.4 20,548 8.4 Dishwashers....................................................... 10.83 6.4 428 6.6 22,241 6.6 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......... 12.80 16.5 512 16.5 26,627 16.5 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 12.37 4.7 490 5.2 25,457 5.2 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 18.61 12.2 771 8.6 40,092 8.6 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 18.61 12.2 771 8.6 40,093 8.6 Building cleaning workers......................................... 12.22 6.2 485 6.4 25,155 6.4 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 12.59 7.9 501 8.0 25,963 8.0 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 11.19 5.7 440 5.7 22,894 5.7 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 11.26 5.3 437 4.3 22,749 4.3 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 11.13 4.8 433 4.3 22,497 4.3 Personal care and service occupations............................... 14.25 6.1 495 5.2 25,340 5.2 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 17.22 2.6 685 2.7 34,393 2.7 Gaming services workers........................................... 8.56 2.0 309 5.4 16,085 5.4 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........ 9.61 6.2 384 6.2 19,939 6.2 Amusement and recreation attendants............................. 9.14 7.3 366 7.3 18,961 7.3 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................... 10.52 15.2 415 15.2 21,604 15.2 Baggage porters and bellhops.................................... 8.15 14.5 326 14.5 16,944 14.5 Concierges...................................................... 11.83 19.5 464 19.3 24,127 19.3 Transportation attendants......................................... 27.29 12.0 635 7.9 32,807 7.9 Flight attendants............................................... 32.13 10.4 641 9.3 33,313 9.3 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 12.04 19.9 456 22.4 23,701 22.4 Sales and related occupations....................................... 25.26 9.8 1,006 9.7 52,315 9.7 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 27.62 4.8 1,130 5.6 58,785 5.6 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 22.91 8.2 947 9.0 49,268 9.0 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 38.44 9.5 1,537 9.5 79,907 9.5 Retail sales workers.............................................. 15.97 5.1 630 5.6 32,773 5.6 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 13.19 5.0 523 5.1 27,210 5.1 Cashiers...................................................... 13.24 5.1 525 5.3 27,296 5.3 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 16.50 8.4 660 8.4 34,321 8.4 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 15.14 12.7 606 12.7 31,488 12.7 Parts salespersons............................................ 19.50 5.3 780 5.3 40,552 5.3 Retail salespersons............................................. 17.26 5.6 679 6.6 35,291 6.6 Insurance sales agents............................................ 18.02 23.3 716 23.0 37,211 23.0 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 81.74 33.7 3,269 33.7 169,963 33.7 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 32.71 10.0 1,337 11.5 69,542 11.5 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 43.58 .7 1,746 .6 90,794 .6 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 26.72 16.9 1,105 19.5 57,469 19.5 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 17.98 5.8 709 6.0 36,867 6.0 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 18.29 .8 729 .8 37,905 .8 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 26.14 2.5 1,049 2.7 54,417 2.7 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 12.54 8.6 501 8.6 26,058 8.6 Telephone operators............................................... 16.90 11.4 655 9.6 34,067 9.6 Financial clerks.................................................. 17.06 1.3 682 1.3 35,469 1.3 Bill and account collectors..................................... 17.02 9.3 681 9.2 35,391 9.2 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 16.54 7.3 661 7.3 34,357 7.3 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 17.92 3.5 717 3.5 37,259 3.5 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 16.71 4.0 668 4.0 34,751 4.0 Procurement clerks.............................................. 14.57 11.3 583 11.3 30,298 11.3 Tellers......................................................... 15.04 5.4 601 5.4 31,277 5.4 Brokerage clerks.................................................. 20.21 5.1 809 5.1 42,045 5.1 Customer service representatives.................................. 18.47 5.8 737 5.9 38,327 5.9 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 12.31 6.3 489 6.6 25,446 6.6 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 16.90 10.6 672 10.7 34,945 10.7 Library assistants, clerical...................................... 16.35 3.0 653 3.0 33,808 3.0 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 16.37 6.5 655 6.5 34,054 6.5 Order clerks...................................................... 15.46 8.1 618 8.1 32,159 8.1 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 19.02 3.3 759 3.3 39,443 3.3 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 15.54 5.8 621 5.8 32,268 5.8 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.... 17.51 7.4 700 7.4 36,415 7.4 Couriers and messengers........................................... 12.77 6.9 511 6.9 26,554 6.9 Dispatchers....................................................... 18.79 15.1 751 15.1 39,077 15.1 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 18.85 15.7 754 15.7 39,197 15.7 Meter readers, utilities.......................................... 21.76 7.9 870 7.9 45,256 7.9 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 24.27 5.5 971 5.5 50,485 5.5 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 14.58 3.6 583 3.6 30,333 3.6 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 14.81 4.8 589 5.1 30,622 5.1 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........ 14.77 14.4 591 14.4 30,714 14.4 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 23.03 2.8 913 2.6 47,455 2.6 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 23.60 1.7 942 1.7 49,000 1.7 Legal secretaries............................................... 31.66 5.3 1,200 4.9 62,398 4.9 Medical secretaries............................................. 17.83 7.3 700 8.0 36,382 8.0 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 18.77 2.8 751 2.8 39,027 2.8 Computer operators................................................ 19.14 7.9 764 7.8 39,704 7.8 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 15.60 8.3 620 8.1 32,218 8.1 Data entry keyers............................................... 13.69 3.0 545 2.8 28,326 2.8 Word processors and typists..................................... 20.16 9.8 797 9.8 41,424 9.8 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 15.88 3.9 630 3.9 32,739 3.9 Office clerks, general............................................ 16.58 1.6 659 1.5 34,264 1.5 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.......................... 11.79 32.6 470 32.5 17,345 32.5 Graders and sorters, agricultural products........................ 10.06 7.1 394 7.9 15,535 7.9 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 24.75 7.9 990 7.9 50,504 7.9 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 35.77 6.8 1,440 7.3 74,884 7.3 Carpenters........................................................ 23.52 10.9 941 10.9 47,242 10.9 Construction laborers............................................. 21.24 14.1 846 14.1 42,528 14.1 Construction equipment operators.................................. 31.03 4.7 1,189 4.6 61,574 4.6 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 29.70 6.2 1,188 6.2 61,473 6.2 Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers........... 24.84 7.1 993 7.1 49,643 7.1 Drywall and ceiling tile installers............................. 24.74 7.6 990 7.6 49,257 7.6 Tapers.......................................................... 25.10 6.2 1,004 6.2 50,687 6.2 Electricians...................................................... 26.88 11.5 1,075 11.5 55,855 11.5 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 14.28 13.2 571 13.2 29,695 13.2 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 14.28 13.2 571 13.2 29,695 13.2 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 30.17 4.5 1,207 4.5 62,760 4.5 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 30.29 5.1 1,212 5.1 63,009 5.1 Structural iron and steel workers................................. 25.50 13.5 1,020 13.5 53,038 13.5 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 34.98 26.7 1,446 29.8 75,207 29.8 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 23.99 4.6 959 4.7 49,841 4.7 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 28.14 5.2 1,125 5.2 58,526 5.2 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 27.46 4.8 1,098 4.8 57,119 4.8 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 27.46 4.8 1,098 4.8 57,119 4.8 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 23.48 14.8 939 14.8 48,740 14.8 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 26.80 14.3 1,072 14.3 55,481 14.3 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 28.15 2.0 1,126 2.0 58,557 2.0 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 21.73 14.3 869 14.3 45,202 14.3 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 21.85 14.4 874 14.4 45,449 14.4 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 23.67 7.4 947 7.4 49,230 7.4 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 25.26 4.6 1,011 4.6 52,548 4.6 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 24.98 7.9 999 7.9 51,954 7.9 Rail car repairers.............................................. 26.48 1.2 1,059 1.2 55,088 1.2 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 30.97 20.2 1,239 20.2 64,424 20.2 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 23.30 8.3 929 8.6 48,284 8.6 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 24.41 8.0 974 8.1 50,634 8.1 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 23.27 12.0 924 12.4 48,002 12.4 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 22.64 18.3 905 18.3 47,081 18.3 Line installers and repairers..................................... 28.69 1.4 1,148 1.4 59,672 1.4 Telecommunications line installers and repairers................ 27.81 2.1 1,113 2.1 57,855 2.1 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 16.75 7.6 670 7.6 34,834 7.6 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 11.67 5.6 467 5.6 24,265 5.6 Production occupations.............................................. 16.51 3.9 657 4.1 34,073 4.1 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 25.87 4.9 1,036 4.7 53,870 4.7 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 14.28 5.1 571 5.1 29,696 5.1 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 13.70 4.9 548 4.9 28,506 4.9 Electromechanical equipment assemblers.......................... 17.35 18.9 694 18.9 36,097 18.9 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 16.53 7.0 661 7.0 34,316 7.0 Team assemblers................................................. 11.62 12.5 465 12.5 24,164 12.5 Bakers............................................................ 12.01 13.7 480 13.7 24,979 13.7 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 18.57 8.1 743 8.1 38,621 8.1 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 20.57 1.3 823 1.3 42,778 1.3 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 11.87 9.5 474 9.5 24,658 9.5 Food batchmakers................................................ 11.83 10.6 472 10.6 24,520 10.6 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 19.63 15.0 785 15.0 40,833 15.0 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 17.86 13.6 714 13.6 37,151 13.6 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 12.62 6.0 500 5.0 26,006 5.0 Machinists........................................................ 26.80 3.0 1,072 3.0 55,754 3.0 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 15.73 18.7 629 18.7 32,714 18.7 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 13.81 4.9 552 4.9 28,728 4.9 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 18.11 9.0 725 9.0 37,676 9.0 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 17.43 14.0 697 14.0 36,245 14.0 Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 21.38 1.6 855 1.6 44,471 1.6 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 18.29 13.7 732 13.7 38,050 13.7 Printers.......................................................... 18.51 5.8 731 6.0 38,033 6.0 Job printers.................................................... 19.43 12.0 756 13.0 39,319 13.0 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 18.46 25.0 716 26.6 37,206 26.6 Printing machine operators...................................... 18.32 4.0 731 4.1 38,006 4.1 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 10.58 6.2 416 6.8 21,619 6.8 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 8.76 2.3 350 2.3 18,222 2.3 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 12.32 9.6 493 9.6 25,623 9.6 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 12.29 4.1 492 4.1 25,573 4.1 Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood............ 12.81 3.4 512 3.4 26,640 3.4 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 27.70 8.6 1,066 5.7 55,421 5.7 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 30.22 4.8 1,201 5.0 62,475 5.0 Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers 30.24 3.3 1,198 3.7 62,292 3.7 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....... 20.97 10.7 786 11.8 40,896 11.8 Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders...................... 24.79 9.3 967 9.1 50,301 9.1 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 12.54 7.1 502 7.1 26,093 7.1 Cutting workers................................................... 12.46 3.9 506 5.0 24,510 5.0 Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 12.48 4.1 507 5.4 24,538 5.4 Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................... 16.03 19.2 641 19.2 33,349 19.2 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 16.25 5.7 637 6.6 32,946 6.6 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 13.27 12.2 528 11.7 27,295 11.7 Painting workers.................................................. 15.41 24.7 616 24.7 32,045 24.7 Painters, transportation equipment.............................. 19.82 23.6 793 23.6 41,225 23.6 Semiconductor processors.......................................... 15.23 13.0 608 13.0 31,628 13.0 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 14.46 12.5 577 12.5 29,913 12.5 Helpers--production workers..................................... 10.22 3.6 409 3.6 21,266 3.6 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 18.69 2.5 738 2.6 38,092 2.6 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 22.78 9.2 912 9.3 47,431 9.3 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 28.90 10.9 1,154 10.9 60,017 10.9 Aircraft pilots and flight engineers.............................. 118.49 9.9 2,402 8.9 124,899 8.9 Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers.................. 118.49 9.9 2,402 8.9 124,899 8.9 Bus drivers....................................................... 15.32 7.2 613 7.2 30,775 7.2 Bus drivers, transit and intercity.............................. 15.31 7.6 612 7.6 31,294 7.6 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 21.47 1.8 868 2.5 45,129 2.5 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 21.33 2.7 866 3.4 44,988 3.4 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 21.92 2.9 877 2.9 45,598 2.9 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................... 11.56 12.4 462 12.4 24,031 12.4 Locomotive engineers and operators................................ 38.32 2.6 1,533 2.6 79,698 2.6 Locomotive engineers............................................ 38.32 2.6 1,533 2.6 79,698 2.6 Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators...................... 30.06 4.1 1,202 4.1 62,529 4.1 Crane and tower operators......................................... 32.90 5.1 1,308 5.5 68,004 5.5 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 25.75 3.8 1,030 3.8 53,558 3.8 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 15.19 3.5 605 3.5 31,480 3.5 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 12.40 2.8 493 2.7 25,289 2.7 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 10.87 3.8 436 3.7 22,269 3.7 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 14.30 2.2 570 2.3 29,382 2.3 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 9.52 7.0 375 7.6 19,037 7.6 1 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 17 Union and nonunion workers: Relative standard errors(1) of mean hourly earnings(2) by major sector and for major occupational groups Union Nonunion Occupational group(3) Private State and Private State and Civilian industry local Civilian industry local workers workers government workers workers government workers workers All workers........................................................... 1.3% 1.2% 2.3% 1.8% 1.9% 4.1% Management, professional, and related............................... 2.3 6.4 2.3 1.3 1.4 2.5 Management, business, and financial............................... 4.6 7.1 5.1 3.1 3.6 2.6 Professional and related.......................................... 2.4 7.4 2.1 2.8 3.1 3.5 Service............................................................. 3.2 4.1 3.1 1.4 1.5 7.7 Sales and office.................................................... 4.2 7.7 2.8 1.6 1.6 4.1 Sales and related................................................. 4.1 4.3 6.6 2.4 2.4 17.9 Office and administrative support................................. 4.2 7.8 2.8 1.3 1.3 4.2 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.7 8.5 Construction and extraction...................................... 2.9 3.3 4.0 2.8 2.8 8.6 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 2.5 3.4 2.1 1.7 1.7 12.5 Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 2.0 2.2 3.7 1.9 2.0 11.1 Production........................................................ 4.3 4.8 10.6 2.4 2.4 19.4 Transportation and material moving................................ 2.4 2.6 3.7 2.3 2.3 14.2 1 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 3 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 20 Civilian full-time workers in hospitals: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings by work levels Hourly earnings(2) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation and work level(1) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(3) error(3) error(3) All workers........................................................... $27.48 1.9% $1,082 1.8% $56,244 1.8% Level 1 .................................................. 15.39 12.7 616 12.7 32,017 12.7 Level 2 .................................................. 12.56 1.7 492 1.3 25,587 1.3 Level 3 .................................................. 14.01 2.4 556 2.4 28,899 2.4 Level 4 .................................................. 16.33 1.2 650 1.3 33,794 1.3 Level 5 .................................................. 19.62 3.7 775 3.5 40,310 3.5 Level 6 .................................................. 22.03 2.3 871 2.4 45,270 2.4 Level 7 .................................................. 27.00 3.4 1,066 3.9 55,440 3.9 Level 8 .................................................. 32.89 7.1 1,296 7.3 67,377 7.3 Level 9 .................................................. 36.06 2.1 1,379 2.0 71,719 2.0 Level 10.................................................. 43.45 3.3 1,738 3.3 90,378 3.3 Level 11.................................................. 45.31 3.3 1,797 3.1 93,428 3.1 Level 12.................................................. 56.11 6.1 2,244 6.1 116,700 6.1 Not able to be leveled.................................... 34.13 10.2 1,389 10.5 72,228 10.5 Management occupations.............................................. 46.61 3.5 1,863 3.5 96,863 3.5 Level 9 .................................................. 30.67 9.2 1,227 9.2 63,794 9.2 Level 11.................................................. 43.78 4.5 1,745 4.5 90,739 4.5 Level 12.................................................. 53.00 6.8 2,120 6.8 110,242 6.8 Not able to be leveled.................................... 45.04 5.8 1,802 5.8 93,682 5.8 Medical and health services managers.............................. 47.09 3.3 1,881 3.3 97,805 3.3 Level 9 .................................................. 34.31 10.5 1,373 10.5 71,373 10.5 Level 11.................................................. 45.48 4.0 1,811 4.0 94,163 4.0 Not able to be leveled.................................... 40.11 8.6 1,604 8.6 83,423 8.6 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 26.44 4.6 1,058 4.6 55,000 4.6 Level 8 .................................................. 26.30 4.0 1,052 4.0 54,711 4.0 Level 9 .................................................. 32.00 2.3 1,280 2.3 66,555 2.3 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 24.96 11.4 998 11.4 51,909 11.4 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 25.07 14.5 1,003 14.5 52,151 14.5 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 28.70 3.9 1,148 3.9 59,688 3.9 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 32.36 6.4 1,289 6.4 67,047 6.4 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 27.11 9.0 1,084 9.0 56,393 9.0 Community and social services occupations........................... 28.26 7.9 1,084 6.5 56,349 6.5 Level 9 .................................................. 29.54 6.7 1,077 16.7 55,997 16.7 Social workers.................................................... 29.66 8.7 1,190 8.5 61,867 8.5 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 24.83 13.2 993 13.2 51,643 13.2 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 16.36 12.2 654 12.2 34,024 12.2 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 33.75 1.5 1,320 1.5 68,653 1.5 Level 4 .................................................. 15.99 6.6 639 6.5 33,218 6.5 Level 5 .................................................. 20.16 4.0 788 3.7 40,955 3.7 Level 6 .................................................. 22.45 3.1 882 3.2 45,890 3.2 Level 7 .................................................. 27.16 4.6 1,074 4.6 55,861 4.6 Level 8 .................................................. 35.30 8.4 1,381 8.9 71,824 8.9 Level 9 .................................................. 36.73 2.5 1,404 2.6 72,988 2.6 Level 10.................................................. 45.15 3.7 1,806 3.7 93,913 3.7 Level 11.................................................. 45.87 3.8 1,823 3.7 94,801 3.7 Level 12.................................................. 62.25 7.6 2,490 7.6 129,476 7.6 Not able to be leveled.................................... 42.39 9.7 1,766 9.6 91,854 9.6 Dietitians and nutritionists...................................... 29.22 4.8 1,206 8.7 62,712 8.7 Pharmacists....................................................... 50.74 2.2 2,016 1.9 104,829 1.9 Level 11.................................................. 53.14 1.4 2,099 1.4 109,168 1.4 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 43.27 13.3 1,831 12.2 95,218 12.2 Registered nurses................................................. 38.99 2.2 1,496 2.4 77,790 2.4 Level 8 .................................................. 38.44 11.9 1,500 12.9 77,977 12.9 Level 9 .................................................. 37.70 3.0 1,425 2.9 74,119 2.9 Level 10.................................................. 45.84 3.9 1,833 3.9 95,341 3.9 Not able to be leveled.................................... 45.81 22.7 1,817 22.6 94,485 22.6 Therapists........................................................ 31.45 4.3 1,241 4.3 64,521 4.3 Level 7 .................................................. 23.24 3.9 889 2.3 46,234 2.3 Level 8 .................................................. 28.88 1.9 1,117 2.5 58,107 2.5 Level 9 .................................................. 33.17 5.1 1,318 5.0 68,542 5.0 Occupational therapists......................................... 32.82 6.1 1,313 6.1 68,262 6.1 Level 9 .................................................. 32.79 6.2 1,311 6.2 68,196 6.2 Physical therapists............................................. 34.74 2.6 1,373 2.9 71,408 2.9 Level 9 .................................................. 34.82 2.6 1,376 2.8 71,555 2.8 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 27.08 3.1 1,048 3.7 54,502 3.7 Level 8 .................................................. 28.44 1.8 1,095 3.8 56,962 3.8 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 24.80 4.8 991 4.8 51,509 4.8 Level 4 .................................................. 17.40 9.7 696 9.7 36,194 9.7 Level 5 .................................................. 21.07 11.9 843 11.9 43,825 11.9 Level 6 .................................................. 21.90 4.8 876 4.8 45,559 4.8 Level 9 .................................................. 27.82 4.1 1,090 3.9 56,684 3.9 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 33.34 3.4 1,328 3.3 69,050 3.3 Level 9 .................................................. 27.82 4.1 1,090 3.9 56,684 3.9 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 19.96 3.8 798 3.8 41,509 3.8 Level 4 .................................................. 17.50 10.4 700 10.4 36,393 10.4 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 29.43 5.7 1,167 6.0 60,695 6.0 Level 7 .................................................. 27.35 5.7 1,091 5.6 56,714 5.6 Level 8 .................................................. 33.60 8.0 1,344 8.0 69,890 8.0 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 31.98 9.3 1,279 9.3 66,513 9.3 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 28.01 6.1 1,108 6.5 57,595 6.5 Level 7 .................................................. 27.32 5.8 1,089 5.7 56,653 5.7 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 21.34 2.9 853 2.9 44,337 2.9 Level 4 .................................................. 17.06 5.9 682 5.9 35,478 5.9 Level 5 .................................................. 19.10 6.3 764 6.3 39,722 6.3 Level 6 .................................................. 22.23 2.1 889 2.1 46,246 2.1 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 19.48 3.4 779 3.4 40,515 3.4 Psychiatric technicians......................................... 22.63 4.0 905 4.0 47,064 4.0 Surgical technologists.......................................... 20.89 3.7 836 3.7 43,450 3.7 Level 6 .................................................. 22.75 6.1 910 6.1 47,328 6.1 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 20.61 2.6 793 2.1 41,247 2.1 Level 5 .................................................. 20.53 3.8 768 2.0 39,961 2.0 Level 6 .................................................. 21.06 3.3 812 3.5 42,200 3.5 Medical records and health information technicians................ 17.68 14.0 707 14.0 36,774 14.0 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 15.10 2.7 595 2.9 30,920 2.9 Level 2 .................................................. 12.60 1.3 485 1.8 25,239 1.8 Level 3 .................................................. 13.60 3.3 537 3.4 27,940 3.4 Level 4 .................................................. 15.34 3.8 605 4.1 31,465 4.1 Level 5 .................................................. 20.50 7.5 820 7.5 42,635 7.5 Not able to be leveled.................................... 15.56 10.8 603 12.9 31,347 12.9 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 13.96 2.6 546 3.0 28,389 3.0 Level 2 .................................................. 12.54 1.6 480 1.7 24,968 1.7 Level 3 .................................................. 13.70 3.4 540 3.5 28,098 3.5 Level 4 .................................................. 14.95 4.0 587 4.4 30,550 4.4 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 13.71 2.3 535 2.8 27,815 2.8 Level 2 .................................................. 12.44 3.0 474 .8 24,670 .8 Level 3 .................................................. 13.69 3.4 540 3.5 28,086 3.5 Level 4 .................................................. 14.56 3.0 570 3.6 29,618 3.6 Psychiatric aides............................................... 16.53 10.0 661 10.0 34,379 10.0 Occupational therapist assistants and aides....................... 18.63 2.5 745 2.5 38,745 2.5 Occupational therapist aides.................................... 18.63 2.5 745 2.5 38,745 2.5 Physical therapist assistants and aides........................... 17.26 8.6 690 8.6 35,899 8.6 Level 4 .................................................. 15.71 11.7 628 11.7 32,677 11.7 Physical therapist assistants................................... 18.18 7.3 727 7.3 37,818 7.3 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 17.80 5.8 712 5.8 37,030 5.8 Level 3 .................................................. 12.92 6.9 517 6.9 26,876 6.9 Level 4 .................................................. 17.02 7.3 681 7.3 35,407 7.3 Level 5 .................................................. 20.63 7.8 825 7.8 42,909 7.8 Not able to be leveled.................................... 18.62 8.8 745 8.8 38,736 8.8 Medical assistants.............................................. 16.79 4.4 672 4.4 34,931 4.4 Level 4 .................................................. 17.20 9.6 688 9.6 35,779 9.6 Medical transcriptionists....................................... 18.41 8.2 736 8.2 38,289 8.2 Protective service occupations...................................... 16.94 5.8 678 5.8 35,242 5.8 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 16.98 6.4 679 6.4 35,315 6.4 Security guards................................................. 16.98 6.4 679 6.4 35,315 6.4 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 15.01 2.4 598 2.5 31,114 2.5 Level 2 .................................................. 11.98 10.3 479 10.3 24,919 10.3 Level 3 .................................................. 14.46 4.2 571 4.2 29,710 4.2 Level 4 .................................................. 15.13 3.3 605 3.3 31,460 3.3 Cooks............................................................. 17.00 10.3 680 10.3 35,366 10.3 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 17.00 10.3 680 10.3 35,366 10.3 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 14.56 2.7 582 2.7 30,275 2.7 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 14.56 2.7 582 2.7 30,275 2.7 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 13.73 2.5 547 2.7 28,452 2.7 Level 1 .................................................. 12.94 7.3 518 7.3 26,925 7.3 Level 2 .................................................. 12.60 2.6 498 2.4 25,906 2.4 Level 3 .................................................. 13.84 2.5 554 2.5 28,796 2.5 Building cleaning workers......................................... 13.40 2.1 534 2.1 27,757 2.1 Level 1 .................................................. 12.94 7.3 518 7.3 26,925 7.3 Level 2 .................................................. 12.60 2.6 498 2.4 25,906 2.4 Level 3 .................................................. 13.66 2.4 546 2.4 28,416 2.4 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 13.68 2.1 547 2.1 28,449 2.1 Level 2 .................................................. 12.94 1.6 518 1.6 26,912 1.6 Level 3 .................................................. 13.63 2.9 545 2.9 28,358 2.9 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 12.97 4.8 514 4.9 26,711 4.9 Level 2 .................................................. 12.27 4.3 480 3.8 24,934 3.8 Level 3 .................................................. 13.75 3.4 550 3.4 28,592 3.4 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 18.24 3.2 726 3.3 37,762 3.3 Level 2 .................................................. 14.27 4.5 571 4.5 29,682 4.5 Level 3 .................................................. 14.84 4.9 589 4.8 30,639 4.8 Level 4 .................................................. 17.21 2.6 685 2.4 35,632 2.4 Level 5 .................................................. 18.83 3.2 745 4.0 38,747 4.0 Level 6 .................................................. 20.71 2.3 829 2.3 43,085 2.3 Level 7 .................................................. 28.74 13.9 1,150 13.9 59,785 13.9 Not able to be leveled.................................... 18.64 11.4 746 11.4 38,766 11.4 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 29.87 5.9 1,195 5.9 62,124 5.9 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 16.28 5.4 651 5.4 33,870 5.4 Financial clerks.................................................. 17.75 3.8 710 3.8 36,922 3.8 Level 4 .................................................. 17.83 2.2 713 2.2 37,094 2.2 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 15.72 5.1 629 5.1 32,696 5.1 Level 4 .................................................. 16.31 6.0 652 6.0 33,916 6.0 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 17.57 4.6 703 4.6 36,535 4.6 Level 4 .................................................. 17.86 4.2 715 4.2 37,159 4.2 File clerks....................................................... 14.74 10.7 605 9.8 31,454 9.8 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 16.78 8.4 668 8.5 34,739 8.5 Level 4 .................................................. 17.10 9.2 680 9.3 35,367 9.3 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 18.23 6.2 719 6.3 37,409 6.3 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 18.66 5.5 737 6.1 38,320 6.1 Level 4 .................................................. 17.12 10.2 677 10.3 35,219 10.3 Level 6 .................................................. 19.58 1.8 783 1.8 40,734 1.8 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 19.88 2.7 795 2.7 41,357 2.7 Medical secretaries............................................. 18.33 8.0 720 8.8 37,457 8.8 Level 4 .................................................. 17.22 10.9 681 11.0 35,403 11.0 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 18.72 8.2 749 8.2 38,935 8.2 Office clerks, general............................................ 16.31 5.6 652 5.6 33,923 5.6 Level 3 .................................................. 16.37 7.0 655 7.0 34,048 7.0 Level 4 .................................................. 15.05 2.8 602 2.8 31,300 2.8 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 24.39 3.3 976 3.3 50,729 3.3 Production occupations.............................................. 25.69 8.4 987 6.7 51,303 6.7 1 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 21 Civilian supervisory workers: Relative standard errors of mean weekly and annual earnings for selected management occupations Weekly(2) Annual(4) Occupation(1) Mean Relative Mean Relative earnings error(3) earnings error(3) Management occupations Team leader............................................... $1,302 8.2% $67,300 8.2% First line................................................ 1,673 5.2 86,127 5.2 Second line............................................... 2,181 3.6 112,938 3.6 Third line................................................ 4,705 20.4 225,511 20.4 Chief executives Second line............................................... 3,444 17.4 176,922 17.4 General and operations managers First line................................................ 1,552 10.7 80,707 10.7 Second line............................................... 2,554 7.4 132,787 7.4 Marketing managers First line................................................ 2,032 9.4 105,657 9.4 Sales managers First line................................................ 1,698 21.4 88,274 21.4 Public relations managers First line................................................ 2,015 14.3 104,804 14.3 Administrative services managers Team leader............................................... 879 9.3 45,661 9.3 First line................................................ 1,266 5.0 65,843 5.0 Computer and information systems managers First line................................................ 1,924 3.8 97,915 3.8 Second line............................................... 2,636 3.9 137,051 3.9 Financial managers Team leader............................................... 1,113 10.5 57,855 10.5 First line................................................ 1,828 3.3 94,771 3.3 Second line............................................... 2,082 4.7 108,240 4.7 Industrial production managers First line................................................ 1,841 3.0 95,720 3.0 Purchasing managers First line................................................ 1,680 17.2 87,354 17.2 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers First line................................................ 1,442 31.7 74,981 31.7 Construction managers First line................................................ 1,757 5.9 91,376 5.9 Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program First line................................................ 868 5.1 41,202 5.1 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school First line................................................ 2,088 4.8 99,841 4.8 Second line............................................... 2,072 8.0 99,509 8.0 Education administrators, postsecondary First line................................................ 1,607 4.6 83,581 4.6 Engineering managers First line................................................ 2,204 3.3 114,620 3.3 Second line............................................... 2,698 3.9 140,309 3.9 Food service managers First line................................................ 921 7.1 47,282 7.1 Lodging managers First line................................................ 950 9.5 49,418 9.5 Medical and health services managers First line................................................ 1,856 5.1 96,531 5.1 Property, real estate, and community association managers First line................................................ 1,088 7.9 56,589 7.9 Social and community service managers First line................................................ 1,145 6.0 59,366 6.0 1 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.