RSE Table 11 Full-time(1) civilian workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $18.73 1.1% $746 1.3% $37,901 1.3% Management occupations.............................................. 40.89 3.2 1,676 2.8 86,097 2.8 General and operations managers................................... 42.51 8.4 1,823 10.0 94,730 10.0 Advertising and promotions managers............................... 32.87 18.1 1,384 21.7 71,956 21.7 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 51.47 14.1 2,140 13.2 111,293 13.2 Marketing managers.............................................. 57.12 14.1 2,285 14.1 118,817 14.1 Sales managers.................................................. 45.15 17.5 1,964 15.2 102,144 15.2 Public relations managers......................................... 31.27 15.1 1,248 15.4 64,599 15.4 Administrative services managers.................................. 32.69 7.0 1,330 7.6 68,535 7.6 Computer and information systems managers......................... 51.01 13.4 2,048 13.1 106,470 13.1 Financial managers................................................ 52.57 5.0 2,132 4.7 110,727 4.7 Human resources managers.......................................... 34.83 6.1 1,400 6.1 72,825 6.1 Compensation and benefits managers.............................. 34.39 7.4 1,376 7.4 71,532 7.4 Training and development managers............................... 26.91 9.7 1,076 9.7 55,977 9.7 Industrial production managers.................................... 38.76 6.8 1,630 6.1 84,770 6.1 Purchasing managers............................................... 45.90 13.0 1,836 13.0 95,474 13.0 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 34.23 7.9 1,363 8.1 70,712 8.1 Construction managers............................................. 32.86 5.4 1,358 5.2 69,605 5.2 Education administrators.......................................... 36.80 9.2 1,447 9.3 67,480 9.3 Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program............................................... 18.77 11.6 751 11.6 39,043 11.6 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 39.24 3.3 1,537 4.0 67,533 4.0 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 52.06 23.3 2,012 23.4 97,952 23.4 Engineering managers.............................................. 56.49 9.3 2,300 8.8 119,610 8.8 Food service managers............................................. 22.99 9.1 981 7.3 51,025 7.3 Medical and health services managers.............................. 29.66 9.7 1,238 11.3 64,362 11.3 Property, real estate, and community association managers......... 25.42 5.1 1,018 5.1 52,910 5.1 Social and community service managers............................. 19.15 19.6 757 20.2 39,367 20.2 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 27.80 2.4 1,116 2.4 57,978 2.4 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 27.70 3.7 1,129 3.9 58,731 3.9 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 31.35 9.7 1,254 9.7 65,213 9.7 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 25.82 3.7 1,037 3.5 53,937 3.5 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 24.59 3.5 965 4.0 50,155 4.0 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 23.83 1.0 933 1.4 48,516 1.4 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation..................................... 21.66 13.3 866 13.3 45,043 13.3 Cost estimators................................................... 31.18 12.2 1,254 12.2 65,222 12.2 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 25.02 4.6 994 3.2 51,692 3.2 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 22.00 6.2 848 7.8 44,076 7.8 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists............ 23.21 10.7 996 9.3 51,795 9.3 Training and development specialists............................ 30.19 18.3 1,207 18.3 62,761 18.3 Logisticians...................................................... 32.77 10.4 1,311 10.4 68,152 10.4 Management analysts............................................... 28.75 7.7 1,153 7.9 59,930 7.9 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 28.95 10.2 1,161 10.2 60,266 10.2 Appraisers and assessors of real estate........................... 12.58 9.2 494 7.6 25,683 7.6 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 30.31 14.2 1,211 14.2 62,990 14.2 Financial analysts.............................................. 33.08 20.8 1,323 20.8 68,816 20.8 Personal financial advisors..................................... 25.51 11.1 1,020 11.1 53,065 11.1 Loan counselors and officers...................................... 30.65 8.7 1,228 9.1 63,870 9.1 Loan officers................................................... 30.87 8.8 1,237 9.2 64,333 9.2 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 34.61 4.3 1,387 4.3 71,637 4.3 Computer programmers.............................................. 31.03 10.2 1,250 10.4 64,783 10.4 Computer software engineers....................................... 41.56 4.9 1,665 4.9 86,559 4.9 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 40.47 7.6 1,623 7.6 84,376 7.6 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 42.77 4.5 1,711 4.5 88,953 4.5 Computer support specialists...................................... 24.38 10.6 976 10.7 50,470 10.7 Computer systems analysts......................................... 39.61 5.4 1,585 5.4 82,432 5.4 Database administrators........................................... 24.91 9.9 997 9.9 51,819 9.9 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 26.95 6.1 1,082 6.4 53,416 6.4 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 30.69 3.7 1,228 3.7 63,653 3.7 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 30.76 7.9 1,239 7.8 64,436 7.8 Architects, except naval.......................................... 31.41 6.2 1,256 6.2 65,331 6.2 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 31.41 6.2 1,256 6.2 65,331 6.2 Engineers......................................................... 39.62 1.6 1,609 1.3 83,688 1.3 Aerospace engineers............................................. 35.29 12.8 1,412 12.8 73,414 12.8 Chemical engineers.............................................. 48.58 10.7 1,979 8.9 102,883 8.9 Civil engineers................................................. 32.70 9.8 1,391 10.0 72,320 10.0 Computer hardware engineers..................................... 45.64 9.2 1,863 9.7 96,890 9.7 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 39.12 5.8 1,588 4.8 82,557 4.8 Electrical engineers.......................................... 41.26 11.9 1,703 10.6 88,542 10.6 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 37.27 6.2 1,491 6.2 77,531 6.2 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 35.55 5.6 1,426 5.7 74,163 5.7 Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.76 6.8 1,395 7.0 72,535 7.0 Mechanical engineers............................................ 30.15 7.5 1,206 7.5 62,704 7.5 Petroleum engineers............................................. 48.19 19.2 1,927 19.2 100,230 19.2 Drafters.......................................................... 23.41 6.2 937 6.1 48,628 6.1 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 24.67 15.7 987 15.7 51,324 15.7 Electrical and electronics drafters............................. 17.05 11.5 682 11.5 35,460 11.5 Mechanical drafters............................................. 20.57 8.1 823 8.1 42,792 8.1 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 19.59 12.2 781 12.1 40,628 12.1 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 23.99 3.6 960 3.6 49,904 3.6 Surveying and mapping technicians................................. 21.30 35.8 852 35.8 44,294 35.8 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 30.71 5.6 1,232 5.4 62,543 5.4 Life scientists................................................... 24.38 6.6 981 6.7 51,018 6.7 Biological scientists........................................... 24.40 9.9 981 9.6 51,036 9.6 Medical scientists.............................................. 23.90 8.9 956 8.9 49,714 8.9 Physical scientists............................................... 40.01 5.6 1,622 5.7 81,949 5.7 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 44.02 8.9 1,792 7.7 93,186 7.7 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.... 26.44 5.2 1,058 5.2 54,991 5.2 Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers............ 56.82 2.5 2,345 6.3 121,926 6.3 Hydrologists.................................................. 28.28 11.9 1,131 11.9 58,821 11.9 Market and survey researchers..................................... 32.26 7.4 1,290 7.4 67,093 7.4 Market research analysts........................................ 32.26 7.4 1,290 7.4 67,093 7.4 Psychologists..................................................... 32.50 6.3 1,268 7.2 55,888 7.2 Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.................. 35.94 3.0 1,424 2.4 59,450 2.4 Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...... 18.54 20.2 730 21.0 37,972 21.0 Environmental science and protection technicians, including health....................................................... 19.53 24.9 781 24.9 40,628 24.9 Community and social services occupations........................... 19.60 3.0 781 2.9 38,700 2.9 Counselors........................................................ 26.34 4.3 1,042 4.1 47,244 4.1 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 27.85 4.8 1,100 4.5 48,466 4.5 Social workers.................................................... 17.40 3.4 697 3.4 36,116 3.4 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 16.79 4.0 671 3.8 34,561 3.8 Medical and public health social workers........................ 18.03 3.7 721 3.7 37,511 3.7 Mental health and substance abuse social workers................ 16.39 7.2 666 6.6 34,647 6.6 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 14.21 6.7 567 6.7 29,476 6.7 Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists....... 19.28 4.7 771 4.7 40,110 4.7 Social and human service assistants............................. 11.98 7.3 478 7.2 24,838 7.2 Legal occupations................................................... 29.75 22.5 1,224 24.1 63,630 24.1 Lawyers........................................................... 50.94 13.4 2,207 15.4 114,782 15.4 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 22.25 5.9 916 6.1 47,616 6.1 Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers..................... 21.57 5.2 896 6.3 46,584 6.3 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 28.15 3.0 1,095 3.0 42,187 3.0 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 44.67 7.8 1,759 8.0 72,898 8.0 Business teachers, postsecondary................................ 35.36 28.4 1,354 30.1 54,266 30.1 Life sciences teachers, postsecondary........................... 38.94 14.2 1,558 14.2 68,743 14.2 Biological science teachers, postsecondary.................... 38.94 14.2 1,558 14.2 68,743 14.2 Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary....................... 50.16 13.9 1,975 15.5 70,517 15.5 Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................... 43.73 9.6 1,736 9.9 67,904 9.9 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 54.91 21.9 2,160 22.3 102,929 22.3 Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.................... 68.53 22.5 2,731 22.6 130,876 22.6 Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary............... 28.95 6.0 1,112 7.5 52,411 7.5 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 37.63 6.4 1,448 5.8 55,773 5.8 Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary................. 38.68 5.7 1,531 6.1 61,554 6.1 Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary............... 33.82 11.5 1,282 11.2 50,994 11.2 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 43.30 6.2 1,722 6.2 69,486 6.2 Vocational education teachers, postsecondary.................. 23.97 8.0 950 7.9 47,437 7.9 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 29.79 1.1 1,154 1.0 42,966 1.0 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 23.37 9.3 908 8.7 37,647 8.7 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 18.35 13.1 720 12.2 32,179 12.2 Kindergarten teachers, except special education............... 30.39 3.4 1,165 3.2 43,965 3.2 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 30.05 0.4 1,164 0.5 42,767 0.5 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.28 0.8 1,174 0.7 42,991 0.7 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 29.37 2.1 1,132 2.8 42,054 2.8 Secondary school teachers....................................... 30.71 1.5 1,189 1.5 43,961 1.5 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 30.84 1.4 1,193 1.5 43,847 1.5 Vocational education teachers, secondary school............... 29.09 10.5 1,130 9.7 45,561 9.7 Special education teachers...................................... 31.50 2.0 1,217 1.5 45,295 1.5 Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school.......................................... 30.89 1.9 1,201 1.7 44,632 1.7 Special education teachers, middle school..................... 32.54 5.5 1,246 3.3 46,472 3.3 Special education teachers, secondary school.................. 31.90 4.8 1,221 5.3 45,638 5.3 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 25.89 9.1 881 11.5 33,997 11.5 Adult literacy, remedial education, and GED teachers and instructors.................................................. 28.84 9.5 1,056 8.2 41,497 8.2 Librarians........................................................ 28.06 5.5 1,093 4.7 47,728 4.7 Library technicians............................................... 12.39 6.2 491 6.4 23,163 6.4 Instructional coordinators........................................ 29.34 14.2 1,192 11.3 51,822 11.3 Teacher assistants................................................ 11.33 2.1 439 2.0 17,005 2.0 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 22.10 8.4 879 8.9 45,029 8.9 Designers......................................................... 20.91 10.5 839 10.7 43,634 10.7 Graphic designers............................................... 18.75 8.2 751 8.3 39,040 8.3 Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers................... 27.98 31.1 1,119 32.7 55,040 32.7 Coaches and scouts.............................................. 27.98 31.1 1,119 32.7 55,040 32.7 News analysts, reporters and correspondents....................... 19.00 13.2 760 13.2 39,530 13.2 Reporters and correspondents.................................... 21.11 10.5 844 10.5 43,903 10.5 Public relations specialists...................................... 24.06 12.9 961 12.9 49,972 12.9 Writers and editors............................................... 20.71 6.6 829 6.6 43,083 6.6 Editors......................................................... 20.86 7.0 834 7.0 43,383 7.0 Technical writers............................................... 20.08 9.7 803 9.7 41,763 9.7 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 25.79 7.8 1,023 8.2 52,811 8.2 Pharmacists....................................................... 50.55 1.1 2,028 0.8 105,466 0.8 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 84.48 13.2 3,706 18.1 192,735 18.1 Registered nurses................................................. 28.32 3.6 1,113 3.8 57,488 3.8 Therapists........................................................ 30.76 9.2 1,216 9.3 59,840 9.3 Occupational therapists......................................... 28.16 11.6 1,126 11.6 56,940 11.6 Physical therapists............................................. 35.51 17.4 1,400 17.8 72,527 17.8 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 22.39 2.8 894 3.1 46,470 3.1 Speech-language pathologists.................................... 31.87 1.9 1,231 2.7 48,783 2.7 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 17.31 12.9 688 12.7 35,777 12.7 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 21.28 9.6 843 9.3 43,839 9.3 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 14.87 12.8 592 12.6 30,789 12.6 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 22.25 5.6 890 5.6 46,275 5.6 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 20.17 13.4 807 13.4 41,953 13.4 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 22.45 4.6 898 4.6 46,697 4.6 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................... 11.68 14.4 462 12.0 24,012 12.0 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 15.41 4.5 610 4.5 31,736 4.5 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 13.53 4.7 537 4.7 27,914 4.7 Respiratory therapy technicians................................. 20.29 3.2 812 3.2 42,198 3.2 Surgical technologists.......................................... 17.53 5.9 690 6.2 35,864 6.2 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 17.63 3.0 692 3.3 35,771 3.3 Medical records and health information technicians................ 16.33 19.2 646 19.7 33,594 19.7 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 15.93 13.5 636 13.4 33,066 13.4 Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........ 22.43 13.7 897 13.7 46,646 13.7 Occupational health and safety specialists...................... 22.72 14.4 909 14.4 47,267 14.4 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.69 6.9 447 7.3 23,176 7.3 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.31 2.8 353 5.1 18,297 5.1 Home health aides............................................... 7.79 11.4 264 21.6 13,640 21.6 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.68 1.4 380 1.8 19,708 1.8 Psychiatric aides............................................... 9.60 3.5 364 2.3 18,909 2.3 Physical therapist assistants and aides........................... 25.04 15.6 1,002 15.6 52,079 15.6 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 12.80 5.6 491 4.6 25,545 4.6 Dental assistants............................................... 16.54 6.1 572 7.1 29,753 7.1 Medical assistants.............................................. 11.41 3.0 456 3.2 23,686 3.2 Medical transcriptionists....................................... 12.92 4.7 517 4.7 26,864 4.7 Protective service occupations...................................... 16.28 4.9 676 5.2 34,830 5.2 First-line supervisors/managers, law enforcement workers.......... 25.86 6.8 1,041 6.8 54,119 6.8 First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers........ 18.67 8.2 758 7.8 39,403 7.8 First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives........ 28.60 6.8 1,147 6.7 59,650 6.7 First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers........................................................ 23.92 6.2 1,121 8.2 58,301 8.2 Fire fighters..................................................... 18.66 6.3 962 6.4 50,043 6.4 Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers...................... 14.08 5.6 568 5.5 29,539 5.5 Correctional officers and jailers............................... 14.02 5.3 566 5.2 29,429 5.2 Detectives and criminal investigators............................. 20.42 6.7 820 6.6 42,653 6.6 Police officers................................................... 20.98 4.1 839 4.0 43,410 4.0 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 20.98 4.1 839 4.0 43,410 4.0 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 10.24 8.3 408 8.3 21,087 8.3 Security guards................................................. 10.16 8.2 405 8.2 20,914 8.2 Miscellaneous protective service workers.......................... 10.40 10.2 396 10.8 14,659 10.8 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 7.60 4.4 288 4.6 14,605 4.6 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 13.68 4.5 567 3.9 28,420 3.9 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 13.68 4.5 567 3.9 28,420 3.9 Cooks............................................................. 8.86 1.7 340 2.5 17,143 2.5 Cooks, fast food................................................ 7.55 3.7 278 8.0 14,467 8.0 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 9.70 3.6 369 4.0 17,220 4.0 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 9.08 2.8 354 3.0 18,399 3.0 Cooks, short order.............................................. 8.23 2.8 329 2.8 17,123 2.8 Food preparation workers.......................................... 8.15 7.4 314 8.5 15,747 8.5 Food service, tipped.............................................. 4.04 7.6 149 8.3 7,709 8.3 Bartenders...................................................... 5.75 8.9 213 11.4 10,905 11.4 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.08 6.2 112 6.2 5,817 6.2 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 6.39 13.4 245 14.1 12,699 14.1 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 7.75 5.5 291 4.3 14,466 4.3 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 7.73 5.8 290 4.3 14,401 4.3 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 7.88 6.8 298 6.3 14,967 6.3 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 8.00 10.3 306 9.6 15,917 9.6 Dishwashers....................................................... 7.70 2.5 297 3.3 15,424 3.3 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......... 6.80 16.2 247 15.2 12,836 15.2 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 9.23 1.1 359 1.4 18,469 1.4 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 13.38 8.6 532 9.4 27,669 9.4 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 12.87 9.4 506 9.9 26,298 9.9 First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers................................... 15.93 11.7 674 12.8 35,028 12.8 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.83 1.6 342 1.5 17,575 1.5 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 9.23 5.2 365 5.2 18,732 5.2 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 7.81 4.1 290 5.4 14,976 5.4 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 9.59 8.8 380 8.7 19,663 8.7 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 9.37 8.8 371 8.7 19,198 8.7 Personal care and service occupations............................... 10.82 4.8 399 3.5 20,378 3.5 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 11.60 3.1 446 2.7 23,195 2.7 Nonfarm animal caretakers......................................... 10.85 8.6 434 8.6 22,563 8.6 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........ 11.06 26.0 412 28.2 21,444 28.2 Amusement and recreation attendants............................. 11.06 26.0 412 28.2 21,444 28.2 Barbers and cosmetologists........................................ 10.44 5.9 382 7.8 19,859 7.8 Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.................. 10.69 7.1 399 9.1 20,746 9.1 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................... 7.10 8.3 284 8.3 14,776 8.3 Baggage porters and bellhops.................................... 7.10 8.3 284 8.3 14,776 8.3 Transportation attendants......................................... 32.34 15.9 673 3.7 34,786 3.7 Flight attendants............................................... 40.01 1.2 726 3.4 37,743 3.4 Child care workers................................................ 8.62 4.9 339 4.6 17,366 4.6 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 15.35 6.9 588 7.6 23,113 7.6 Recreation workers.............................................. 15.33 7.3 597 9.2 23,043 9.2 Sales and related occupations....................................... 17.67 2.5 714 2.2 37,085 2.2 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 23.45 16.1 970 16.2 50,432 16.2 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 16.53 4.6 679 5.8 35,326 5.8 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 41.16 32.7 1,729 32.4 89,908 32.4 Retail sales workers.............................................. 11.80 2.9 473 3.8 24,545 3.8 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.47 3.9 331 3.9 17,137 3.9 Cashiers...................................................... 8.47 3.9 331 3.9 17,137 3.9 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 15.64 17.5 625 17.8 32,514 17.8 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 16.30 22.5 650 22.9 33,785 22.9 Parts salespersons............................................ 14.49 10.0 583 10.7 30,302 10.7 Retail salespersons............................................. 12.72 5.7 517 6.8 26,887 6.8 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 51.55 39.3 1,912 40.3 99,448 40.3 Insurance sales agents............................................ 18.78 5.0 765 5.9 39,764 5.9 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 23.86 22.0 954 22.0 49,626 22.0 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 29.20 8.8 1,202 8.2 62,499 8.2 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 36.68 9.1 1,500 9.2 78,005 9.2 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 26.11 13.5 1,078 13.3 56,043 13.3 Models, demonstrators, and product promoters...................... 11.62 9.1 464 9.2 24,149 9.2 Demonstrators and product promoters............................. 11.62 9.1 464 9.2 24,149 9.2 Telemarketers..................................................... 10.08 8.0 401 7.6 20,851 7.6 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 18.31 33.6 731 33.4 37,876 33.4 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 14.17 1.0 562 1.0 29,059 1.0 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 22.69 4.9 907 5.0 47,172 5.0 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 10.37 6.6 403 7.5 20,967 7.5 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.00 2.1 557 2.1 28,958 2.1 Bill and account collectors..................................... 14.51 8.1 579 8.1 30,105 8.1 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 13.64 3.0 540 3.4 28,089 3.4 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 14.61 1.8 581 1.9 30,194 1.9 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 14.21 3.8 554 5.9 28,696 5.9 Procurement clerks.............................................. 15.80 13.5 632 13.5 32,869 13.5 Tellers......................................................... 11.68 3.6 467 3.6 24,284 3.6 Correspondence clerks............................................. 17.60 5.4 704 5.4 36,605 5.4 Court, municipal, and license clerks.............................. 13.41 7.8 526 8.2 27,349 8.2 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 13.89 5.7 542 7.0 28,207 7.0 Customer service representatives.................................. 14.29 5.8 566 5.6 29,403 5.6 Eligibility interviewers, government programs..................... 12.46 14.8 482 14.7 23,874 14.7 File clerks....................................................... 11.74 6.6 468 6.7 24,328 6.7 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 8.51 6.6 332 6.5 17,240 6.5 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 12.41 6.8 498 6.7 25,889 6.7 Library assistants, clerical...................................... 12.30 5.9 471 6.5 23,118 6.5 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 15.72 6.7 622 6.6 32,369 6.6 New accounts clerks............................................... 12.05 7.2 481 7.4 25,002 7.4 Order clerks...................................................... 12.27 10.9 486 10.8 25,283 10.8 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 15.96 8.1 635 8.3 32,984 8.3 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.26 2.3 445 2.4 23,081 2.4 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.... 15.85 10.9 634 10.9 32,968 10.9 Couriers and messengers........................................... 11.00 3.8 430 2.2 22,355 2.2 Dispatchers....................................................... 13.79 6.5 558 7.7 28,994 7.7 Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers......................... 14.33 5.9 588 6.9 30,577 6.9 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 13.63 7.9 549 9.2 28,532 9.2 Meter readers, utilities.......................................... 11.67 9.9 467 9.9 24,264 9.9 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 15.97 6.0 639 6.0 33,221 6.0 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 11.66 4.8 465 4.8 24,176 4.8 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 12.16 3.9 488 3.9 25,164 3.9 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.76 2.6 661 2.7 33,787 2.7 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 19.92 3.2 793 3.1 40,942 3.1 Legal secretaries............................................... 16.01 5.0 636 5.2 33,064 5.2 Medical secretaries............................................. 13.60 15.7 539 15.4 28,050 15.4 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 15.25 2.4 593 2.7 29,716 2.7 Computer operators................................................ 17.24 8.0 689 8.0 35,815 8.0 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 11.87 4.8 473 4.7 24,505 4.7 Data entry keyers............................................... 11.59 4.5 462 4.5 23,945 4.5 Word processors and typists..................................... 12.75 4.9 505 4.3 26,256 4.3 Desktop publishers................................................ 17.36 9.8 672 7.9 34,939 7.9 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 14.41 5.6 566 5.6 29,435 5.6 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..... 11.40 7.6 449 7.3 23,357 7.3 Office clerks, general............................................ 12.40 2.5 490 2.2 25,165 2.2 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.......................... 13.04 18.8 522 18.8 24,702 18.8 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.42 4.5 663 4.8 34,368 4.8 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 24.19 12.7 1,007 14.6 52,344 14.6 Carpenters........................................................ 13.76 2.9 550 2.9 28,488 2.9 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........... 12.59 3.9 503 3.9 25,866 3.9 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................ 12.59 3.9 503 3.9 25,866 3.9 Construction laborers............................................. 10.94 4.6 438 4.6 22,707 4.6 Construction equipment operators.................................. 13.92 4.1 557 4.1 28,947 4.1 Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators.............. 11.85 7.7 474 7.7 24,648 7.7 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.55 3.1 582 3.1 30,266 3.1 Electricians...................................................... 16.66 7.4 667 7.4 34,663 7.4 Insulation workers................................................ 18.81 2.4 752 2.4 39,125 2.4 Insulation workers, mechanical.................................. 19.00 1.2 760 1.2 39,522 1.2 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 14.20 7.4 568 7.4 29,534 7.4 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 14.20 7.4 568 7.4 29,534 7.4 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 18.15 4.1 726 4.1 37,759 4.1 Pipelayers...................................................... 11.15 2.5 446 2.5 23,185 2.5 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 18.95 3.9 758 3.9 39,407 3.9 Sheet metal workers............................................... 14.88 4.6 595 4.6 30,960 4.6 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 11.31 3.5 452 3.5 23,449 3.5 Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.... 13.94 10.9 557 10.9 28,987 10.9 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 27.75 20.1 1,110 20.1 57,720 20.1 Highway maintenance workers....................................... 13.75 19.1 550 19.1 28,607 19.1 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 14.62 19.5 585 19.5 30,415 19.5 Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining......................................................... 22.25 20.8 890 20.8 46,289 20.8 Roustabouts, oil and gas.......................................... 20.96 5.4 838 5.4 43,597 5.4 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 18.18 2.1 733 2.1 37,936 2.1 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 25.70 5.0 1,072 5.2 55,747 5.2 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......... 15.71 13.3 629 13.3 32,686 13.3 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 23.03 11.8 921 11.8 47,904 11.8 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 23.03 11.8 921 11.8 47,904 11.8 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 18.89 7.8 761 8.0 39,577 8.0 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 18.58 6.7 743 6.7 38,652 6.7 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 27.30 7.2 1,146 11.1 57,035 11.1 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 17.19 4.6 701 4.6 36,460 4.6 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 14.90 10.7 601 10.8 31,239 10.8 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 17.76 5.1 727 5.0 37,793 5.0 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 16.82 5.3 678 5.9 35,239 5.9 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 17.78 6.5 711 6.5 36,984 6.5 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 17.27 3.2 691 3.2 35,913 3.2 Rail car repairers.............................................. 19.76 10.8 790 10.8 41,093 10.8 Small engine mechanics............................................ 17.37 24.2 689 23.1 35,827 23.1 Control and valve installers and repairers........................ 18.16 10.6 726 10.6 37,775 10.6 Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door......................................................... 18.16 10.6 726 10.6 37,775 10.6 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 20.41 9.3 814 9.5 42,276 9.5 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 16.65 3.4 665 3.4 34,418 3.4 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 19.67 6.9 787 6.9 40,499 6.9 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 14.70 3.8 588 3.8 30,463 3.8 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 15.69 10.0 623 9.7 32,399 9.7 Line installers and repairers..................................... 23.54 4.7 942 4.7 48,966 4.7 Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................. 25.15 4.5 1,006 4.5 52,308 4.5 Telecommunications line installers and repairers................ 22.09 6.9 884 6.9 45,948 6.9 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.51 10.5 540 10.3 27,702 10.3 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 10.70 9.2 428 9.2 21,438 9.2 Production occupations.............................................. 13.73 3.1 548 3.1 28,464 3.1 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 21.87 6.2 878 5.7 45,674 5.7 Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers..... 20.90 9.7 836 9.7 43,474 9.7 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 11.49 3.8 459 3.8 23,859 3.8 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 11.88 4.4 475 4.4 24,676 4.4 Structural metal fabricators and fitters.......................... 18.57 6.1 743 6.1 38,618 6.1 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 11.38 5.4 454 5.4 23,600 5.4 Team assemblers................................................. 8.85 4.0 354 4.0 18,407 4.0 Bakers............................................................ 10.04 14.8 400 14.8 20,570 14.8 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 11.04 7.9 438 8.0 22,781 8.0 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 15.41 3.5 585 5.3 30,432 5.3 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 11.31 10.8 452 10.8 23,528 10.8 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 16.92 17.7 676 17.8 35,138 17.8 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 16.78 19.3 670 19.4 34,848 19.4 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 10.41 31.6 414 31.6 21,510 31.6 Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 10.15 35.2 403 35.2 20,967 35.2 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 12.99 9.1 520 9.1 27,017 9.1 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 11.38 7.6 455 7.6 23,668 7.6 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................... 12.28 9.7 491 9.7 25,553 9.7 Machinists........................................................ 17.30 8.4 693 8.1 36,016 8.1 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 10.47 10.2 416 10.2 21,639 10.2 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 10.47 10.2 416 10.2 21,639 10.2 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 12.63 7.3 505 7.3 26,269 7.3 Tool and die makers............................................... 19.96 7.7 799 7.7 41,526 7.7 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 14.66 6.4 586 6.4 30,484 6.4 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 14.73 6.5 589 6.5 30,637 6.5 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 14.03 10.4 558 10.6 29,001 10.6 Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 11.03 36.1 439 36.1 22,851 36.1 Bookbinders and bindery workers................................... 15.32 4.8 613 4.8 31,858 4.8 Bindery workers................................................. 15.05 5.0 602 5.0 31,294 5.0 Printers.......................................................... 16.34 7.4 650 7.4 33,802 7.4 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 17.41 7.5 690 7.7 35,861 7.7 Printing machine operators...................................... 16.18 8.3 644 8.3 33,510 8.3 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 8.88 2.9 353 3.1 18,354 3.1 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 9.24 9.6 370 9.6 19,223 9.6 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 11.57 21.2 456 19.3 23,717 19.3 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 12.27 7.7 472 9.1 24,569 9.1 Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers.............. 29.72 15.4 1,189 15.4 61,819 15.4 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 17.55 12.0 702 12.0 36,502 12.0 Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators....... 18.47 19.2 739 19.2 38,426 19.2 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 26.98 5.2 1,080 5.2 56,158 5.2 Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers 26.43 7.8 1,059 7.8 55,047 7.8 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 14.27 8.1 571 8.1 29,689 8.1 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 14.42 8.7 577 8.7 29,993 8.7 Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders...... 13.30 5.4 532 5.4 27,672 5.4 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 14.75 7.5 590 7.5 30,689 7.5 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 12.25 5.9 490 5.9 25,488 5.9 Painting workers.................................................. 15.52 10.1 623 10.4 32,419 10.4 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 10.97 3.3 439 3.3 22,815 3.3 Painters, transportation equipment.............................. 18.91 22.2 761 22.9 39,594 22.9 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 10.94 4.7 435 4.7 22,619 4.7 Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic......... 9.60 13.5 384 13.5 19,962 13.5 Helpers--production workers..................................... 10.90 2.1 433 2.4 22,507 2.4 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 14.32 6.1 582 7.7 29,896 7.7 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 15.49 9.0 621 9.1 32,269 9.1 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 24.54 9.1 1,009 11.4 52,492 11.4 Bus drivers....................................................... 14.97 7.0 506 7.9 20,628 7.9 Bus drivers, transit and intercity.............................. 16.52 7.4 661 7.4 34,367 7.4 Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.15 10.9 443 11.8 16,579 11.8 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 15.27 4.3 655 7.4 34,029 7.4 Driver/sales workers............................................ 14.39 11.5 598 10.7 31,096 10.7 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 16.19 7.3 715 11.9 37,200 11.9 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 13.52 8.6 550 7.5 28,501 7.5 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................... 8.33 7.9 328 7.8 17,079 7.8 Sailors and marine oilers......................................... 14.46 0.0 619 0.0 32,186 0.0 Crane and tower operators......................................... 18.00 5.8 720 5.8 37,449 5.8 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 12.79 6.4 512 6.4 26,607 6.4 Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators........... 12.79 6.4 512 6.4 26,607 6.4 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 11.77 10.6 471 10.6 24,494 10.6 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 10.28 2.0 406 2.2 20,854 2.2 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 9.98 5.5 399 5.5 20,769 5.5 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 10.78 3.0 424 3.3 21,576 3.3 Machine feeders and offbearers.................................. 10.83 9.3 433 9.3 22,519 9.3 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.34 3.6 326 4.7 16,956 4.7 Refuse and recyclable material collectors......................... 11.79 2.1 472 2.1 24,527 2.1 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 12 Full-time(1) private industry workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $18.28 1.3% $729 1.6% $37,812 1.6% Management occupations.............................................. 42.14 3.5 1,740 2.9 90,343 2.9 General and operations managers................................... 44.91 8.9 1,947 10.9 101,252 10.9 Advertising and promotions managers............................... 32.87 18.1 1,384 21.7 71,956 21.7 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 51.47 14.1 2,140 13.2 111,293 13.2 Marketing managers.............................................. 57.12 14.1 2,285 14.1 118,817 14.1 Sales managers.................................................. 45.15 17.5 1,964 15.2 102,144 15.2 Administrative services managers.................................. 35.52 10.9 1,469 11.8 76,385 11.8 Computer and information systems managers......................... 58.75 11.1 2,361 10.6 122,798 10.6 Financial managers................................................ 54.07 4.8 2,190 4.5 113,883 4.5 Human resources managers.......................................... 35.21 6.4 1,417 6.4 73,658 6.4 Compensation and benefits managers.............................. 34.80 8.0 1,392 8.0 72,384 8.0 Industrial production managers.................................... 38.76 6.8 1,630 6.1 84,770 6.1 Purchasing managers............................................... 45.90 13.0 1,836 13.0 95,474 13.0 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 34.18 8.0 1,361 8.2 70,753 8.2 Construction managers............................................. 32.65 5.9 1,353 5.7 69,264 5.7 Education administrators.......................................... 24.72 23.4 968 22.1 49,767 22.1 Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program............................................... 15.93 10.3 637 10.3 33,136 10.3 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 34.07 10.4 1,246 10.4 62,705 10.4 Engineering managers.............................................. 56.49 9.3 2,300 8.8 119,611 8.8 Food service managers............................................. 22.99 9.1 981 7.3 51,025 7.3 Medical and health services managers.............................. 29.75 10.6 1,247 12.3 64,825 12.3 Property, real estate, and community association managers......... 25.49 5.4 1,020 5.4 53,053 5.4 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 29.24 2.3 1,175 2.4 61,113 2.4 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 27.94 3.8 1,141 4.0 59,349 4.0 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 31.35 9.7 1,254 9.7 65,213 9.7 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 25.93 3.7 1,042 3.4 54,210 3.4 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 24.60 3.8 969 4.5 50,370 4.5 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 23.74 1.1 933 1.5 48,530 1.5 Cost estimators................................................... 31.18 12.2 1,254 12.2 65,222 12.2 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 26.71 6.2 1,059 3.8 55,044 3.8 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 24.96 6.2 947 9.2 49,230 9.2 Training and development specialists............................ 33.87 26.4 1,354 26.4 70,409 26.4 Logisticians...................................................... 32.77 10.4 1,311 10.4 68,152 10.4 Management analysts............................................... 31.34 9.0 1,257 9.3 65,383 9.3 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 30.32 11.3 1,217 11.3 63,304 11.3 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 30.76 14.5 1,229 14.5 63,928 14.5 Financial analysts.............................................. 33.08 20.8 1,323 20.8 68,816 20.8 Personal financial advisors..................................... 25.51 11.1 1,020 11.1 53,065 11.1 Loan counselors and officers...................................... 30.87 8.8 1,237 9.2 64,333 9.2 Loan officers................................................... 30.87 8.8 1,237 9.2 64,333 9.2 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 35.60 4.9 1,427 4.9 73,992 4.9 Computer programmers.............................................. 31.72 10.7 1,278 10.9 66,257 10.9 Computer software engineers....................................... 41.73 5.0 1,671 5.0 86,913 5.0 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 40.74 8.0 1,634 8.0 84,950 8.0 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 42.77 4.5 1,711 4.5 88,953 4.5 Computer support specialists...................................... 25.41 12.2 1,018 12.3 52,929 12.3 Computer systems analysts......................................... 40.57 6.1 1,624 6.1 84,442 6.1 Database administrators........................................... 24.32 11.2 973 11.2 50,575 11.2 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 26.20 8.6 1,060 8.9 52,555 8.9 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 30.76 4.1 1,230 4.1 63,985 4.1 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 31.44 8.7 1,269 8.6 65,957 8.6 Architects, except naval.......................................... 31.41 6.2 1,256 6.2 65,331 6.2 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 31.41 6.2 1,256 6.2 65,331 6.2 Engineers......................................................... 39.84 1.6 1,619 1.3 84,195 1.3 Aerospace engineers............................................. 35.29 12.8 1,412 12.8 73,414 12.8 Chemical engineers.............................................. 48.58 10.7 1,979 8.9 102,883 8.9 Civil engineers................................................. 32.94 10.3 1,404 10.4 73,033 10.4 Computer hardware engineers..................................... 45.64 9.2 1,863 9.7 96,890 9.7 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 39.08 6.2 1,588 5.2 82,554 5.2 Electrical engineers.......................................... 41.40 12.2 1,710 10.8 88,927 10.8 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 36.90 6.8 1,476 6.8 76,746 6.8 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 35.44 5.9 1,422 6.0 73,955 6.0 Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.60 7.2 1,389 7.4 72,221 7.4 Mechanical engineers............................................ 30.15 7.5 1,206 7.5 62,704 7.5 Petroleum engineers............................................. 48.26 19.6 1,931 19.6 100,390 19.6 Drafters.......................................................... 23.63 6.2 946 6.1 49,088 6.1 Architectural and civil drafters................................ 25.17 16.5 1,007 16.5 52,361 16.5 Electrical and electronics drafters............................. 16.94 12.9 678 12.9 35,237 12.9 Mechanical drafters............................................. 20.57 8.1 823 8.1 42,792 8.1 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 20.22 16.3 810 16.3 42,111 16.3 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 23.99 3.6 960 3.6 49,904 3.6 Surveying and mapping technicians................................. 21.54 37.5 862 37.5 44,799 37.5 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 36.00 5.2 1,452 4.6 75,495 4.6 Physical scientists............................................... 47.00 5.0 1,920 6.9 99,861 6.9 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 52.87 6.7 2,172 3.8 112,964 3.8 Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers............ 56.82 2.5 2,345 6.3 121,926 6.3 Market and survey researchers..................................... 32.26 7.4 1,290 7.4 67,093 7.4 Market research analysts........................................ 32.26 7.4 1,290 7.4 67,093 7.4 Community and social services occupations........................... 16.28 6.1 652 5.9 33,821 5.9 Counselors........................................................ 19.99 8.0 796 7.9 41,041 7.9 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 18.56 9.4 736 9.0 37,775 9.0 Social workers.................................................... 18.35 7.4 739 7.1 38,404 7.1 Medical and public health social workers........................ 20.02 4.3 801 4.3 41,636 4.3 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 11.32 5.2 452 5.3 23,483 5.3 Social and human service assistants............................. 10.99 7.1 440 7.1 22,815 7.1 Legal occupations................................................... 29.55 24.5 1,218 26.2 63,334 26.2 Lawyers........................................................... 57.16 11.7 2,526 13.1 131,375 13.1 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 21.61 4.8 895 5.7 46,526 5.7 Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers..................... 21.62 5.3 899 6.4 46,736 6.4 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 26.70 21.7 1,058 21.9 47,596 21.9 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 52.27 24.6 2,048 25.1 88,624 25.1 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 90.45 32.8 3,549 33.5 170,366 33.5 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 39.53 7.7 1,494 7.9 58,875 7.9 Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary................. 36.72 6.3 1,472 8.0 54,857 8.0 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 34.76 15.2 1,372 14.7 60,939 14.7 Vocational education teachers, postsecondary.................. 17.42 13.1 694 12.9 36,093 12.9 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 19.85 13.0 790 13.4 33,776 13.4 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 10.55 8.4 422 8.4 21,617 8.4 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 25.29 12.2 999 13.8 36,955 13.8 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 23.58 21.9 879 27.8 33,049 27.8 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 25.87 9.8 1,043 9.1 38,350 9.1 Secondary school teachers....................................... 23.02 9.7 913 9.5 37,933 9.5 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 25.91 7.7 1,025 7.2 39,567 7.2 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 16.44 13.3 626 11.1 28,842 11.1 Teacher assistants................................................ 9.24 11.9 366 12.2 17,951 12.2 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 22.20 9.6 881 10.3 45,219 10.3 Designers......................................................... 20.84 10.8 836 11.0 43,481 11.0 Graphic designers............................................... 18.52 8.5 741 8.6 38,558 8.6 News analysts, reporters and correspondents....................... 19.00 13.2 760 13.2 39,530 13.2 Reporters and correspondents.................................... 21.11 10.5 844 10.5 43,903 10.5 Public relations specialists...................................... 30.15 11.6 1,202 11.6 62,500 11.6 Writers and editors............................................... 20.59 7.5 824 7.5 42,829 7.5 Editors......................................................... 20.63 8.8 825 8.8 42,914 8.8 Technical writers............................................... 20.08 9.7 803 9.7 41,763 9.7 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 26.24 9.5 1,041 9.9 54,146 9.9 Pharmacists....................................................... 50.73 1.0 2,036 .7 105,868 .7 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 97.58 4.8 4,428 12.3 230,233 12.3 Registered nurses................................................. 28.03 4.2 1,103 4.5 57,348 4.5 Therapists........................................................ 31.14 11.8 1,236 11.9 64,268 11.9 Occupational therapists......................................... 26.82 16.1 1,073 16.1 55,782 16.1 Physical therapists............................................. 35.52 17.6 1,400 18.0 72,824 18.0 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 22.39 2.8 894 3.1 46,470 3.1 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 17.06 16.3 678 16.0 35,233 16.0 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 23.25 6.6 922 6.1 47,927 6.1 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 13.47 10.8 535 10.3 27,835 10.3 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 21.56 7.6 863 7.6 44,853 7.6 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 18.68 13.0 747 13.0 38,859 13.0 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 22.02 7.0 881 7.0 45,799 7.0 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 15.87 5.7 627 5.6 32,623 5.6 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 13.85 8.7 547 8.5 28,443 8.5 Respiratory therapy technicians................................. 20.29 3.2 812 3.2 42,198 3.2 Surgical technologists.......................................... 17.52 5.9 689 6.3 35,843 6.3 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 18.12 3.3 712 3.6 37,027 3.6 Medical records and health information technicians................ 16.76 19.9 663 20.5 34,477 20.5 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 16.36 14.8 653 14.7 33,951 14.7 Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........ 23.99 21.7 960 21.7 49,898 21.7 Occupational health and safety specialists...................... 23.99 21.7 960 21.7 49,898 21.7 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.82 7.6 450 8.2 23,387 8.2 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.18 3.3 345 6.0 17,965 6.0 Home health aides............................................... 7.59 11.1 255 21.9 13,257 21.9 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.60 1.6 376 2.0 19,557 2.0 Psychiatric aides............................................... 9.77 3.7 361 2.0 18,766 2.0 Physical therapist assistants and aides........................... 25.04 15.6 1,002 15.6 52,079 15.6 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 12.85 6.0 492 4.9 25,573 4.9 Dental assistants............................................... 16.61 6.2 572 7.3 29,747 7.3 Medical assistants.............................................. 11.37 3.2 454 3.3 23,607 3.3 Protective service occupations...................................... 10.48 7.5 418 7.5 21,515 7.5 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 10.02 8.6 399 8.6 20,754 8.6 Security guards................................................. 10.02 8.6 399 8.6 20,754 8.6 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 7.39 4.5 282 4.8 14,605 4.8 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 13.55 4.9 567 4.4 29,502 4.4 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 13.55 4.9 567 4.4 29,502 4.4 Cooks............................................................. 8.79 1.8 339 2.8 17,547 2.8 Cooks, fast food................................................ 7.55 3.7 278 8.0 14,467 8.0 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 9.93 5.1 387 4.9 19,479 4.9 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 9.08 2.8 354 3.0 18,399 3.0 Cooks, short order.............................................. 8.21 2.9 329 2.9 17,083 2.9 Food preparation workers.......................................... 8.04 8.1 311 9.4 16,197 9.4 Food service, tipped.............................................. 4.04 7.6 149 8.3 7,707 8.3 Bartenders...................................................... 5.75 8.9 213 11.4 10,905 11.4 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.08 6.2 112 6.2 5,817 6.2 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 6.38 13.5 244 14.1 12,708 14.1 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 7.58 5.7 288 4.8 14,953 4.8 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 7.55 6.0 287 4.7 14,930 4.7 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 7.82 7.2 297 6.6 15,111 6.6 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 7.46 9.3 283 7.6 14,722 7.6 Dishwashers....................................................... 7.70 2.5 297 3.3 15,424 3.3 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......... 6.80 16.2 247 15.2 12,836 15.2 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.71 2.0 335 2.1 17,382 2.1 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 10.82 7.9 428 9.9 22,279 9.9 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 10.41 7.3 405 8.6 21,065 8.6 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.60 2.5 330 2.4 17,084 2.4 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 9.03 8.2 355 8.2 18,474 8.2 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 7.78 4.1 288 5.5 14,864 5.5 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 8.49 8.6 334 8.4 17,283 8.4 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 8.04 2.9 316 2.8 16,328 2.8 Personal care and service occupations............................... 10.59 4.7 389 3.1 19,926 3.1 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 11.60 3.1 446 2.7 23,195 2.7 Barbers and cosmetologists........................................ 10.44 5.9 382 7.8 19,859 7.8 Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.................. 10.69 7.1 399 9.1 20,746 9.1 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................... 7.10 8.3 284 8.3 14,776 8.3 Baggage porters and bellhops.................................... 7.10 8.3 284 8.3 14,776 8.3 Transportation attendants......................................... 34.01 16.0 684 3.5 35,575 3.5 Flight attendants............................................... 40.01 1.2 726 3.4 37,743 3.4 Child care workers................................................ 8.38 5.3 329 5.0 17,093 5.0 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 15.10 16.6 533 21.4 14,569 21.4 Sales and related occupations....................................... 17.72 2.5 716 2.2 37,201 2.2 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 23.65 16.4 979 16.5 50,902 16.5 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 16.53 4.7 680 6.0 35,378 6.0 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 41.16 32.7 1,729 32.4 89,908 32.4 Retail sales workers.............................................. 11.80 2.9 473 3.8 24,549 3.8 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.31 3.9 324 3.8 16,788 3.8 Cashiers...................................................... 8.31 3.9 324 3.8 16,788 3.8 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 15.64 17.5 625 17.8 32,514 17.8 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 16.30 22.5 650 22.9 33,785 22.9 Parts salespersons............................................ 14.49 10.0 583 10.7 30,302 10.7 Retail salespersons............................................. 12.72 5.7 517 6.8 26,891 6.8 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 51.55 39.3 1,912 40.3 99,448 40.3 Insurance sales agents............................................ 18.78 5.0 765 5.9 39,764 5.9 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 23.86 22.0 954 22.0 49,626 22.0 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 29.20 8.8 1,202 8.2 62,499 8.2 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 36.68 9.1 1,500 9.2 78,005 9.2 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 26.11 13.5 1,078 13.3 56,043 13.3 Models, demonstrators, and product promoters...................... 11.62 9.1 464 9.2 24,149 9.2 Demonstrators and product promoters............................. 11.62 9.1 464 9.2 24,149 9.2 Telemarketers..................................................... 10.08 8.0 401 7.6 20,851 7.6 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 18.31 33.6 731 33.4 37,876 33.4 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 14.18 1.1 563 1.1 29,227 1.1 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 22.99 5.1 919 5.2 47,788 5.2 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 10.37 6.6 403 7.5 20,967 7.5 Financial clerks.................................................. 13.96 2.3 556 2.3 28,894 2.3 Bill and account collectors..................................... 14.56 8.3 581 8.3 30,203 8.3 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 13.64 3.0 540 3.4 28,089 3.4 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 14.63 2.0 582 2.1 30,258 2.1 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 13.72 4.8 530 7.7 27,577 7.7 Procurement clerks.............................................. 15.96 15.4 638 15.4 33,189 15.4 Tellers......................................................... 11.68 3.6 467 3.6 24,284 3.6 Correspondence clerks............................................. 17.60 5.4 704 5.4 36,605 5.4 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 13.89 5.7 542 7.0 28,207 7.0 Customer service representatives.................................. 14.27 6.0 565 5.9 29,357 5.9 File clerks....................................................... 11.59 7.2 462 7.3 24,026 7.3 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 8.51 6.6 332 6.5 17,240 6.5 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 12.88 8.4 517 8.2 26,899 8.2 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 15.65 6.8 620 6.7 32,225 6.7 New accounts clerks............................................... 12.05 7.2 481 7.4 25,002 7.4 Order clerks...................................................... 12.27 10.9 486 10.8 25,283 10.8 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 16.40 8.7 652 8.9 33,912 8.9 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.23 2.4 444 2.5 23,072 2.5 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.... 15.85 10.9 634 10.9 32,968 10.9 Couriers and messengers........................................... 11.04 3.9 431 2.2 22,421 2.2 Dispatchers....................................................... 13.45 8.3 541 9.9 28,148 9.9 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 13.56 8.2 546 9.5 28,394 9.5 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 16.16 6.4 646 6.4 33,611 6.4 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 11.61 5.0 463 5.0 24,074 5.0 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 12.10 3.9 486 3.9 25,063 3.9 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 17.23 3.6 679 3.8 35,295 3.8 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 20.65 4.0 824 3.9 42,818 3.9 Legal secretaries............................................... 16.24 5.9 644 6.1 33,498 6.1 Medical secretaries............................................. 13.71 17.8 543 17.5 28,241 17.5 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 16.15 3.5 625 4.2 32,504 4.2 Computer operators................................................ 17.55 8.9 701 8.9 36,462 8.9 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 11.86 5.0 472 4.9 24,522 4.9 Data entry keyers............................................... 11.52 4.6 459 4.6 23,842 4.6 Word processors and typists..................................... 12.97 4.2 513 3.6 26,688 3.6 Desktop publishers................................................ 17.36 9.8 672 7.9 34,939 7.9 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 14.40 5.7 566 5.6 29,425 5.6 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..... 11.07 8.5 439 8.4 22,837 8.4 Office clerks, general............................................ 12.31 3.1 486 2.6 25,247 2.6 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.......................... 13.04 18.8 522 18.8 24,702 18.8 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.58 4.9 670 5.1 34,732 5.1 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 24.70 13.4 1,031 15.4 53,603 15.4 Carpenters........................................................ 13.69 2.9 548 2.9 28,343 2.9 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........... 12.59 3.9 503 3.9 25,866 3.9 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................ 12.59 3.9 503 3.9 25,866 3.9 Construction laborers............................................. 10.93 4.7 438 4.7 22,719 4.7 Construction equipment operators.................................. 14.31 4.8 572 4.8 29,769 4.8 Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators.............. 11.81 10.1 473 10.1 24,575 10.1 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 15.14 2.8 606 2.8 31,493 2.8 Electricians...................................................... 16.65 7.6 666 7.6 34,632 7.6 Insulation workers................................................ 18.81 2.4 752 2.4 39,125 2.4 Insulation workers, mechanical.................................. 19.00 1.2 760 1.2 39,522 1.2 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 14.05 8.0 562 8.0 29,219 8.0 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 14.05 8.0 562 8.0 29,219 8.0 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 18.93 4.5 757 4.5 39,368 4.5 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 19.49 4.3 780 4.3 40,543 4.3 Sheet metal workers............................................... 14.88 4.6 595 4.6 30,960 4.6 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 11.31 3.5 453 3.5 23,451 3.5 Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.... 14.05 11.0 562 11.0 29,233 11.0 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 14.62 19.5 585 19.5 30,415 19.5 Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining......................................................... 22.25 20.8 890 20.8 46,289 20.8 Roustabouts, oil and gas.......................................... 20.96 5.4 838 5.4 43,597 5.4 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 18.48 2.4 745 2.3 38,584 2.3 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 26.28 5.6 1,102 5.7 57,312 5.7 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......... 15.82 13.7 633 13.7 32,908 13.7 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 23.03 11.8 921 11.8 47,904 11.8 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 23.03 11.8 921 11.8 47,904 11.8 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 18.86 7.9 760 8.1 39,512 8.1 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 18.50 6.9 740 6.9 38,479 6.9 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 27.30 7.2 1,146 11.1 57,035 11.1 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 17.29 5.0 706 5.0 36,724 5.0 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 14.90 10.7 601 10.8 31,239 10.8 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 17.94 5.6 735 5.5 38,220 5.5 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 16.93 5.8 683 6.5 35,500 6.5 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 17.98 6.9 719 6.9 37,398 6.9 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 17.55 2.8 702 2.8 36,498 2.8 Rail car repairers.............................................. 19.76 10.8 790 10.8 41,093 10.8 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 20.94 11.5 835 11.7 43,394 11.7 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 17.22 4.0 688 4.0 35,626 4.0 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 19.43 7.9 777 7.9 39,936 7.9 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 15.55 5.7 622 5.7 32,326 5.7 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 15.69 10.0 623 9.7 32,399 9.7 Line installers and repairers..................................... 23.79 4.7 951 4.7 49,475 4.7 Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................. 25.86 4.9 1,035 4.9 53,798 4.9 Telecommunications line installers and repairers................ 22.09 6.9 884 6.9 45,948 6.9 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.43 11.6 537 11.4 27,519 11.4 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 10.61 10.0 424 10.0 21,204 10.0 Production occupations.............................................. 13.68 3.1 546 3.1 28,379 3.1 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 21.79 6.3 875 5.7 45,522 5.7 Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers..... 20.90 9.7 836 9.7 43,474 9.7 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 11.49 3.8 459 3.8 23,859 3.8 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 11.88 4.4 475 4.4 24,676 4.4 Structural metal fabricators and fitters.......................... 18.57 6.1 743 6.1 38,618 6.1 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 11.38 5.4 454 5.4 23,600 5.4 Team assemblers................................................. 8.85 4.0 354 4.0 18,407 4.0 Bakers............................................................ 9.99 15.2 400 15.2 20,779 15.2 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 11.04 7.9 438 8.0 22,781 8.0 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 15.41 3.5 585 5.3 30,432 5.3 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 11.31 10.8 452 10.8 23,528 10.8 Computer control programmers and operators........................ 16.92 17.7 676 17.8 35,138 17.8 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic... 16.78 19.3 670 19.4 34,848 19.4 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 10.41 31.6 414 31.6 21,510 31.6 Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 10.15 35.2 403 35.2 20,967 35.2 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 12.99 9.1 520 9.1 27,017 9.1 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 11.38 7.6 455 7.6 23,668 7.6 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................... 12.28 9.7 491 9.7 25,553 9.7 Machinists........................................................ 17.30 8.4 693 8.1 36,016 8.1 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 10.47 10.2 416 10.2 21,639 10.2 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 10.47 10.2 416 10.2 21,639 10.2 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 12.63 7.3 505 7.3 26,269 7.3 Tool and die makers............................................... 19.96 7.7 799 7.7 41,526 7.7 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 14.60 6.5 584 6.5 30,364 6.5 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 14.67 6.6 587 6.6 30,514 6.6 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 14.03 10.4 558 10.6 29,001 10.6 Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 11.03 36.1 439 36.1 22,851 36.1 Bookbinders and bindery workers................................... 15.32 4.8 613 4.8 31,858 4.8 Bindery workers................................................. 15.05 5.0 602 5.0 31,294 5.0 Printers.......................................................... 16.38 7.5 652 7.6 33,890 7.6 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 17.41 7.5 690 7.7 35,861 7.7 Printing machine operators...................................... 16.26 8.6 647 8.6 33,656 8.6 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 8.88 2.9 353 3.1 18,354 3.1 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 9.24 9.6 370 9.6 19,223 9.6 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 11.57 21.2 456 19.3 23,717 19.3 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............... 12.27 7.7 472 9.1 24,569 9.1 Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers.............. 34.32 16.4 1,373 16.4 71,393 16.4 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 17.55 12.0 702 12.0 36,502 12.0 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 26.98 5.2 1,080 5.2 56,158 5.2 Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers 26.43 7.8 1,059 7.8 55,047 7.8 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 14.27 8.1 571 8.1 29,689 8.1 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 14.42 8.7 577 8.7 29,993 8.7 Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders...... 13.30 5.4 532 5.4 27,672 5.4 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 14.75 7.5 590 7.5 30,689 7.5 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 12.25 5.9 490 5.9 25,488 5.9 Painting workers.................................................. 15.29 10.5 614 10.8 31,931 10.8 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 10.97 3.3 439 3.3 22,815 3.3 Painters, transportation equipment.............................. 18.73 23.8 754 24.6 39,232 24.6 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 10.94 4.7 435 4.7 22,612 4.7 Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic......... 9.60 13.5 384 13.5 19,962 13.5 Helpers--production workers..................................... 10.89 2.1 432 2.5 22,482 2.5 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 14.36 6.3 586 7.9 30,319 7.9 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 15.31 9.1 613 9.1 31,901 9.1 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 24.54 9.1 1,009 11.4 52,492 11.4 Bus drivers....................................................... 15.12 11.9 605 11.9 31,441 11.9 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 15.29 4.4 657 7.4 34,106 7.4 Driver/sales workers............................................ 14.39 11.5 598 10.7 31,096 10.7 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 16.23 7.3 718 11.9 37,321 11.9 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 13.52 8.7 551 7.6 28,509 7.6 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................... 8.05 5.8 317 6.2 16,502 6.2 Sailors and marine oilers......................................... 14.46 .0 619 .0 32,186 .0 Crane and tower operators......................................... 18.00 5.8 720 5.8 37,449 5.8 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 12.79 6.7 512 6.7 26,613 6.7 Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators........... 12.79 6.7 512 6.7 26,613 6.7 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 11.77 10.6 471 10.6 24,494 10.6 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 10.29 2.1 407 2.2 20,872 2.2 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 9.97 5.5 399 5.5 20,742 5.5 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 10.81 3.0 426 3.4 21,633 3.4 Machine feeders and offbearers.................................. 10.83 9.3 433 9.3 22,519 9.3 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.34 3.6 326 4.7 16,956 4.7 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 13 Full-time(1) State and local government workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(5) Annual earnings(6) Occupation(2) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(4) error(4) error(4) All workers........................................................... $21.17 1.2% $837 1.4% $38,331 1.4% Management occupations.............................................. 34.74 4.4 1,376 4.7 67,283 4.7 General and operations managers................................... 28.14 7.1 1,134 7.5 58,680 7.5 Administrative services managers.................................. 29.77 7.2 1,191 7.2 60,850 7.2 Financial managers................................................ 36.53 7.8 1,500 7.3 76,961 7.3 Education administrators.......................................... 40.67 9.6 1,601 10.1 72,494 10.1 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....... 39.25 3.3 1,538 4.0 67,616 4.0 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 60.65 27.0 2,409 26.4 115,338 26.4 Medical and health services managers.............................. 28.71 9.3 1,149 9.3 59,723 9.3 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 20.98 5.5 835 5.5 43,310 5.5 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation..................................... 18.79 8.8 752 8.8 39,092 8.8 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 20.64 6.3 826 6.3 42,939 6.3 Management analysts............................................... 20.98 5.9 839 5.9 43,635 5.9 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 22.81 4.3 909 4.3 46,840 4.3 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 26.46 7.2 1,055 7.3 52,888 7.3 Computer support specialists...................................... 17.31 3.6 688 3.8 34,299 3.8 Computer systems analysts......................................... 30.41 9.7 1,216 9.7 63,257 9.7 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 28.46 9.0 1,127 9.5 55,091 9.5 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 21.11 10.0 833 10.3 43,342 10.3 Engineers......................................................... 33.49 10.2 1,340 10.2 69,665 10.2 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 16.47 7.8 644 8.2 33,504 8.2 Civil engineering technicians................................... 16.23 9.5 649 9.5 33,755 9.5 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 24.24 5.4 967 5.5 47,694 5.5 Life scientists................................................... 23.74 7.5 957 7.6 49,780 7.6 Biological scientists........................................... 24.40 9.9 981 9.6 51,036 9.6 Medical scientists.............................................. 22.61 10.4 905 10.4 47,038 10.4 Physical scientists............................................... 27.66 3.8 1,106 3.8 53,285 3.8 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 27.16 4.1 1,086 4.1 56,498 4.1 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.... 26.44 5.2 1,058 5.2 54,991 5.2 Psychologists..................................................... 35.94 3.0 1,424 2.4 59,450 2.4 Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.................. 35.94 3.0 1,424 2.4 59,450 2.4 Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...... 14.80 15.7 577 17.3 30,007 17.3 Community and social services occupations........................... 21.42 2.9 852 2.8 41,174 2.8 Counselors........................................................ 28.20 3.9 1,113 3.6 48,769 3.6 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 29.73 4.1 1,173 3.7 50,255 3.7 Social workers.................................................... 16.94 3.5 677 3.4 35,017 3.4 Child, family, and school social workers........................ 16.91 4.8 675 4.7 34,726 4.7 Medical and public health social workers........................ 16.81 3.6 672 3.6 34,959 3.6 Mental health and substance abuse social workers................ 16.16 3.8 646 3.8 33,609 3.8 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 17.50 5.5 698 5.4 36,296 5.4 Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists....... 19.28 4.7 771 4.7 40,110 4.7 Social and human service assistants............................. 14.98 13.1 595 12.8 30,917 12.8 Legal occupations................................................... 31.64 7.4 1,274 6.5 66,262 6.5 Lawyers........................................................... 31.29 6.4 1,276 6.4 66,375 6.4 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 27.06 24.6 1,064 24.7 55,313 24.7 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 28.31 2.4 1,099 2.5 41,686 2.5 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 42.44 5.5 1,673 5.9 68,500 5.9 Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary....................... 50.63 14.3 1,980 15.8 70,597 15.8 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 42.07 12.7 1,656 13.4 78,710 13.4 Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.................... 49.03 10.7 1,970 10.3 96,076 10.3 Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary............... 26.52 4.3 1,000 5.8 45,072 5.8 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 36.53 8.1 1,421 7.6 53,987 7.6 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 45.00 6.7 1,793 6.7 71,016 6.7 Vocational education teachers, postsecondary.................. 27.79 7.0 1,098 6.7 53,598 6.7 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 30.38 .9 1,174 .9 43,420 .9 Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................. 27.22 7.9 1,049 7.3 41,206 7.3 Preschool teachers, except special education.................. 22.87 13.4 887 12.2 37,055 12.2 Kindergarten teachers, except special education............... 31.27 2.0 1,197 1.8 44,608 1.8 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 30.15 .3 1,167 .4 42,883 .4 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.32 .7 1,176 .7 43,061 .7 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 29.59 2.1 1,137 2.9 42,277 2.9 Secondary school teachers....................................... 31.16 1.3 1,204 1.4 44,262 1.4 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 31.06 1.4 1,201 1.5 44,025 1.5 Vocational education teachers, secondary school............... 32.69 2.5 1,260 2.3 48,069 2.3 Special education teachers...................................... 31.50 2.2 1,213 1.6 45,295 1.6 Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school.......................................... 30.80 2.1 1,192 1.7 44,521 1.7 Special education teachers, middle school..................... 32.54 5.5 1,246 3.3 46,472 3.3 Special education teachers, secondary school.................. 31.90 4.8 1,221 5.3 45,638 5.3 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 30.19 4.0 979 11.9 35,570 11.9 Adult literacy, remedial education, and GED teachers and instructors.................................................. 30.75 4.6 1,113 5.6 42,524 5.6 Librarians........................................................ 29.17 4.8 1,131 4.0 48,278 4.0 Library technicians............................................... 12.34 6.5 489 6.7 22,938 6.7 Instructional coordinators........................................ 32.13 4.7 1,276 4.9 54,200 4.9 Teacher assistants................................................ 11.69 2.0 451 1.8 16,883 1.8 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 21.54 13.3 864 13.2 43,991 13.2 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 23.85 4.6 942 4.7 47,286 4.7 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 46.04 24.2 1,842 24.2 95,769 24.2 Registered nurses................................................. 29.49 3.6 1,154 3.2 58,023 3.2 Therapists........................................................ 29.54 5.2 1,155 5.3 48,602 5.3 Speech-language pathologists.................................... 31.46 1.9 1,205 2.7 45,170 2.7 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 18.02 4.2 718 4.2 37,315 4.2 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 23.76 3.2 950 3.2 49,419 3.2 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 23.20 3.1 928 3.1 48,260 3.1 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................... 12.51 9.0 503 11.4 26,173 11.4 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 13.04 4.2 522 4.2 27,126 4.2 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 12.94 4.3 518 4.3 26,922 4.3 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 15.06 1.8 589 2.8 29,415 2.8 Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........ 19.63 5.5 785 5.5 40,828 5.5 Occupational health and safety specialists...................... 20.21 6.0 808 6.0 42,038 6.0 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.63 3.4 422 3.4 21,452 3.4 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.02 2.8 398 3.0 20,229 3.0 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.13 2.4 401 2.9 20,536 2.9 Psychiatric aides............................................... 9.25 5.4 370 5.4 19,245 5.4 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 12.16 4.8 483 4.7 25,139 4.7 Protective service occupations...................................... 19.16 3.1 813 3.1 41,866 3.1 First-line supervisors/managers, law enforcement workers.......... 25.34 6.9 1,025 7.0 53,277 7.0 First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers........ 18.67 8.2 758 7.8 39,403 7.8 First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives........ 27.99 6.9 1,130 7.0 58,759 7.0 First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers........................................................ 23.92 6.2 1,121 8.2 58,301 8.2 Fire fighters..................................................... 18.66 6.3 962 6.4 50,043 6.4 Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers...................... 14.66 4.6 593 4.3 30,818 4.3 Correctional officers and jailers............................... 14.61 4.2 591 3.9 30,710 3.9 Detectives and criminal investigators............................. 20.42 6.7 820 6.6 42,653 6.6 Police officers................................................... 21.05 4.1 842 4.1 43,557 4.1 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 21.05 4.1 842 4.1 43,557 4.1 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 13.57 7.0 540 7.1 25,666 7.1 Security guards................................................. 12.59 2.2 501 2.0 23,454 2.0 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.22 4.2 365 4.6 14,602 4.6 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 14.51 7.1 568 7.5 23,002 7.5 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 14.51 7.1 568 7.5 23,002 7.5 Cooks............................................................. 9.35 4.3 346 6.2 14,662 6.2 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 9.35 4.3 346 6.2 14,603 6.2 Food preparation workers.......................................... 9.28 3.3 334 5.1 12,632 5.1 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 9.37 2.2 309 3.9 11,533 3.9 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 9.35 2.3 308 4.2 11,522 4.2 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.64 1.3 425 1.3 21,520 1.3 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 17.38 5.0 695 5.0 36,150 5.0 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................... 17.40 5.7 696 5.7 36,191 5.7 Building cleaning workers......................................... 9.57 1.5 382 1.5 19,162 1.5 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 9.60 1.5 384 1.5 19,192 1.5 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 11.35 7.0 454 7.0 23,559 7.0 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers.......................... 11.38 7.4 455 7.4 23,614 7.4 Personal care and service occupations............................... 12.98 3.5 508 4.1 24,694 4.1 Child care workers................................................ 11.32 4.8 448 4.9 20,033 4.9 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 15.47 7.2 619 7.2 32,176 7.2 Recreation workers.............................................. 15.47 7.2 619 7.2 32,176 7.2 Sales and related occupations....................................... 13.26 11.6 530 11.6 27,427 11.6 Retail sales workers.............................................. 11.78 8.9 470 8.9 24,295 8.9 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 11.80 9.2 471 9.3 24,327 9.3 Cashiers...................................................... 11.80 9.2 471 9.3 24,327 9.3 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 14.11 1.8 560 1.9 27,981 1.9 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 17.88 7.2 716 7.2 37,216 7.2 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.44 2.6 576 2.6 29,767 2.6 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 14.43 3.7 576 3.7 29,737 3.7 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 15.47 6.0 619 6.0 31,659 6.0 Court, municipal, and license clerks.............................. 13.41 7.8 526 8.2 27,349 8.2 Customer service representatives.................................. 14.63 11.4 585 11.4 30,439 11.4 Eligibility interviewers, government programs..................... 13.67 12.5 522 13.3 25,409 13.3 Library assistants, clerical...................................... 12.22 5.2 473 5.9 23,871 5.9 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 12.25 10.6 467 12.7 23,408 12.7 Dispatchers....................................................... 15.00 5.8 616 6.4 32,024 6.4 Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers......................... 14.90 5.4 614 6.5 31,911 6.5 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 12.84 7.3 514 7.3 26,711 7.3 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 15.47 3.2 611 3.3 29,878 3.3 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 18.28 4.7 725 4.9 36,865 4.9 Legal secretaries............................................... 14.44 4.2 578 4.2 30,037 4.2 Medical secretaries............................................. 12.77 9.1 511 9.1 26,561 9.1 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 13.39 3.1 526 3.5 24,491 3.5 Office clerks, general............................................ 12.75 2.2 506 2.4 24,881 2.4 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 14.36 3.3 575 3.3 29,728 3.3 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 17.09 6.5 684 6.5 35,551 6.5 Carpenters........................................................ 14.18 9.3 567 9.3 29,404 9.3 Construction laborers............................................. 11.33 10.8 453 10.8 22,398 10.8 Construction equipment operators.................................. 12.87 2.4 515 2.4 26,763 2.4 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 13.09 1.6 523 1.6 27,219 1.6 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 13.95 4.0 558 4.0 29,007 4.0 Pipelayers...................................................... 11.42 2.2 457 2.2 23,763 2.2 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 15.00 3.0 600 3.0 31,210 3.0 Construction and building inspectors.............................. 17.47 7.8 699 7.8 36,331 7.8 Highway maintenance workers....................................... 15.06 19.5 602 19.5 31,329 19.5 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 15.65 2.7 626 2.7 32,385 2.7 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 21.11 4.8 845 4.8 43,918 4.8 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 15.90 12.6 636 12.6 33,074 12.6 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 14.64 3.7 586 3.7 30,218 3.7 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 21.47 5.8 859 5.8 44,667 5.8 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 13.39 4.9 536 4.9 27,593 4.9 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 14.32 8.2 573 8.2 29,606 8.2 Production occupations.............................................. 17.37 7.7 691 7.9 35,507 7.9 Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators....... 13.90 6.1 556 6.1 28,918 6.1 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.24 4.5 480 4.3 21,408 4.3 Bus drivers....................................................... 14.93 8.2 487 9.0 19,040 9.0 Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.50 11.0 447 12.2 16,475 12.2 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.85 6.2 388 7.9 19,694 7.9 Refuse and recyclable material collectors......................... 11.86 2.2 474 2.2 24,660 2.2 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 6 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 15 Private industry establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings for full-time workers Hourly earnings(2) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(1) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(3) error(3) error(3) All workers........................................................... $16.24 2.5% $650 3.0% $33,699 3.0% Management occupations.............................................. 36.58 4.3 1,540 5.1 79,798 5.1 General and operations managers................................... 38.85 16.4 1,732 19.4 90,069 19.4 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 57.54 31.8 2,587 27.8 134,545 27.8 Sales managers.................................................. 42.46 24.6 1,997 21.1 103,859 21.1 Financial managers................................................ 44.10 11.8 1,815 11.3 94,373 11.3 Human resources managers.......................................... 32.96 8.0 1,335 8.6 69,437 8.6 Industrial production managers.................................... 33.53 4.8 1,359 4.3 70,679 4.3 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 31.44 13.8 1,244 14.5 64,702 14.5 Construction managers............................................. 33.32 7.3 1,426 9.9 71,311 9.9 Education administrators.......................................... 16.11 9.8 643 9.9 33,305 9.9 Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program............................................... 15.93 10.3 637 10.3 33,136 10.3 Food service managers............................................. 24.25 10.3 1,045 9.5 54,316 9.5 Medical and health services managers.............................. 29.26 12.3 1,237 15.4 64,324 15.4 Property, real estate, and community association managers......... 23.00 17.8 921 17.7 47,890 17.7 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 31.09 5.5 1,258 6.1 65,413 6.1 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 27.59 15.1 1,164 12.9 60,549 12.9 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 30.14 12.5 1,194 14.0 62,069 14.0 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 27.52 5.4 1,087 6.9 56,537 6.9 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 21.03 4.2 818 5.4 42,512 5.4 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 35.42 13.1 1,429 12.6 74,321 12.6 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 44.35 37.8 1,774 37.8 92,246 37.8 Loan counselors and officers...................................... 34.65 10.2 1,388 10.8 72,192 10.8 Loan officers................................................... 34.65 10.2 1,388 10.8 72,192 10.8 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 33.50 12.7 1,346 12.6 69,418 12.6 Computer software engineers....................................... 44.08 12.2 1,766 12.1 91,854 12.1 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 47.12 6.3 1,885 6.3 98,014 6.3 Computer support specialists...................................... 24.15 19.4 966 19.4 50,242 19.4 Computer systems analysts......................................... 53.21 14.8 2,129 14.8 110,682 14.8 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 27.07 9.7 1,099 10.5 53,591 10.5 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 22.81 14.4 925 14.5 48,094 14.5 Engineers......................................................... 33.09 6.0 1,383 6.1 71,893 6.1 Civil engineers................................................. 28.98 11.6 1,260 13.7 65,523 13.7 Drafters.......................................................... 20.34 9.6 814 9.6 42,167 9.6 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 24.54 20.4 982 20.4 51,045 20.4 Surveying and mapping technicians................................. 13.27 5.2 531 5.2 27,592 5.2 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 41.48 15.1 1,680 17.0 87,365 17.0 Community and social services occupations........................... 15.07 4.7 603 4.7 31,349 4.7 Social workers.................................................... 17.14 8.3 686 8.3 35,649 8.3 Legal occupations................................................... 20.41 11.5 842 13.8 43,801 13.8 Lawyers........................................................... 33.33 7.0 1,558 13.3 81,015 13.3 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................... 20.40 14.1 861 16.0 44,777 16.0 Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers..................... 20.40 14.1 861 16.0 44,777 16.0 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 15.68 15.2 626 14.8 28,212 14.8 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 19.42 15.8 762 13.5 37,912 13.5 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 19.64 11.1 782 10.6 40,676 10.6 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 19.82 20.4 790 20.5 32,433 20.5 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.19 13.2 407 13.2 19,545 13.2 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 17.59 13.2 699 13.6 36,366 13.6 Designers......................................................... 20.11 18.9 810 19.7 42,107 19.7 Graphic designers............................................... 18.65 11.0 746 11.0 38,796 11.0 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 27.12 18.6 1,085 19.5 56,408 19.5 Pharmacists....................................................... 50.50 1.2 2,020 1.2 105,043 1.2 Registered nurses................................................. 25.38 9.8 1,014 8.8 52,718 8.8 Therapists........................................................ 38.96 18.0 1,559 18.0 81,044 18.0 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 18.81 5.9 735 6.4 38,225 6.4 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 13.35 10.5 511 10.1 26,584 10.1 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.20 3.7 352 3.9 18,303 3.9 Home health aides............................................... 8.18 14.6 313 13.9 16,279 13.9 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.36 3.6 363 4.5 18,893 4.5 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 13.14 6.4 498 5.0 25,896 5.0 Dental assistants............................................... 16.79 6.1 576 7.3 29,959 7.3 Medical assistants.............................................. 11.37 3.7 454 3.9 23,610 3.9 Protective service occupations...................................... 9.65 17.7 384 17.5 19,964 17.5 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 9.21 19.6 366 19.5 19,044 19.5 Security guards................................................. 9.21 19.6 366 19.5 19,044 19.5 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 7.19 6.2 275 6.5 14,239 6.5 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 12.99 6.0 551 5.6 28,635 5.6 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 12.99 6.0 551 5.6 28,635 5.6 Cooks............................................................. 8.58 2.2 330 3.4 17,022 3.4 Cooks, fast food................................................ 7.55 3.7 278 8.0 14,467 8.0 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 10.46 10.2 397 10.9 19,268 10.9 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 9.02 3.5 352 3.8 18,314 3.8 Cooks, short order.............................................. 8.14 3.1 325 3.1 16,924 3.1 Food preparation workers.......................................... 7.72 11.4 295 13.1 15,330 13.1 Food service, tipped.............................................. 3.87 6.5 142 7.6 7,377 7.6 Bartenders...................................................... 5.89 9.9 218 13.7 11,320 13.7 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.14 6.8 115 6.9 5,968 6.9 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 5.99 4.9 222 6.1 11,534 6.1 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 7.31 5.6 279 4.6 14,481 4.6 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 7.23 5.6 276 4.4 14,372 4.4 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 7.82 7.2 297 6.6 15,111 6.6 Dishwashers....................................................... 7.42 4.1 287 3.3 14,901 3.3 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......... 6.83 14.9 255 12.9 13,267 12.9 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.48 3.1 328 3.0 17,022 3.0 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 10.11 9.8 389 10.9 20,212 10.9 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.35 3.9 322 3.8 16,724 3.8 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.65 13.7 341 13.1 17,710 13.1 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 7.46 4.3 278 6.4 14,470 6.4 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 8.45 9.4 334 8.9 17,237 8.9 Personal care and service occupations............................... 8.96 4.8 346 4.3 17,993 4.3 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers....... 11.41 4.7 432 3.8 22,485 3.8 Child care workers................................................ 8.46 6.3 332 5.8 17,230 5.8 Sales and related occupations....................................... 17.49 6.1 715 6.1 37,154 6.1 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 22.76 22.9 957 23.0 49,774 23.0 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 16.04 3.1 670 3.7 34,840 3.7 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 40.25 49.1 1,725 48.9 89,723 48.9 Retail sales workers.............................................. 11.68 7.8 474 8.8 24,646 8.8 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 7.24 4.6 283 4.5 14,697 4.5 Cashiers...................................................... 7.24 4.6 283 4.5 14,697 4.5 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 15.22 19.1 608 19.5 31,637 19.5 Counter and rental clerks..................................... 15.97 24.7 637 25.2 33,103 25.2 Parts salespersons............................................ 13.79 10.0 555 10.7 28,841 10.7 Retail salespersons............................................. 12.94 7.0 542 9.5 28,164 9.5 Insurance sales agents............................................ 19.00 4.8 777 5.7 40,385 5.7 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 24.91 29.2 996 29.2 51,803 29.2 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 23.22 16.1 965 15.7 50,206 15.7 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...................................... 29.33 19.7 1,220 19.6 63,443 19.6 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 21.22 24.9 882 25.0 45,869 25.0 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 20.36 46.0 812 45.7 42,205 45.7 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.85 3.2 547 3.2 28,442 3.2 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 20.80 4.6 829 4.7 43,114 4.7 Financial clerks.................................................. 13.20 4.2 525 4.2 27,277 4.2 Bill and account collectors..................................... 13.98 16.8 559 16.8 29,082 16.8 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 13.19 3.7 520 3.6 27,035 3.6 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 13.99 3.8 555 4.2 28,837 4.2 Tellers......................................................... 11.77 4.7 471 4.7 24,478 4.7 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 12.03 8.8 454 10.0 23,599 10.0 Customer service representatives.................................. 17.04 6.6 666 6.9 34,489 6.9 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 8.31 8.7 321 9.1 16,707 9.1 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 16.43 9.4 647 9.5 33,645 9.5 New accounts clerks............................................... 11.74 8.4 468 8.5 24,335 8.5 Order clerks...................................................... 10.89 4.7 435 4.7 22,645 4.7 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.29 2.8 447 2.8 23,230 2.8 Dispatchers....................................................... 11.33 16.3 464 21.6 24,125 21.6 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 11.38 16.8 467 22.0 24,268 22.0 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 14.24 18.2 570 18.2 29,624 18.2 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 12.43 11.5 495 11.5 25,720 11.5 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 11.24 6.3 459 7.8 23,431 7.8 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.94 4.0 663 3.8 34,491 3.8 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 20.08 7.8 800 7.6 41,592 7.6 Legal secretaries............................................... 15.45 5.1 612 5.5 31,837 5.5 Medical secretaries............................................. 15.81 16.0 620 15.7 32,239 15.7 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 15.47 4.1 593 4.2 30,795 4.2 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 12.61 13.7 501 13.1 26,030 13.1 Data entry keyers............................................... 11.20 7.8 448 7.8 23,289 7.8 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 14.51 7.9 567 7.4 29,475 7.4 Office clerks, general............................................ 11.99 2.2 470 1.5 24,463 1.5 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 15.79 7.7 633 7.7 32,785 7.7 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 24.85 19.5 1,023 20.5 53,198 20.5 Construction laborers............................................. 10.44 7.0 417 7.0 21,644 7.0 Construction equipment operators.................................. 13.59 5.0 544 5.0 28,274 5.0 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.45 2.1 578 2.1 30,049 2.1 Electricians...................................................... 16.11 9.9 645 9.9 33,516 9.9 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 18.45 9.4 738 9.4 38,377 9.4 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 19.35 7.5 774 7.5 40,242 7.5 Sheet metal workers............................................... 15.28 5.7 611 5.7 31,791 5.7 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 11.35 7.0 454 7.0 23,468 7.0 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 14.00 15.8 560 15.8 29,124 15.8 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 17.60 3.2 712 3.2 36,774 3.2 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 24.13 7.0 1,029 6.3 53,518 6.3 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......... 15.92 16.9 637 16.9 33,119 16.9 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers... 21.94 10.2 878 10.2 45,630 10.2 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.............................................. 21.94 10.2 878 10.2 45,630 10.2 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 17.78 7.8 718 8.6 37,350 8.6 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 16.74 7.3 670 7.3 34,816 7.3 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 16.90 6.5 688 6.5 35,791 6.5 Automotive body and related repairers........................... 14.47 11.9 579 11.9 30,095 11.9 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 17.55 7.7 718 7.8 37,343 7.8 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 16.66 9.1 675 10.3 35,106 10.3 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 16.24 5.8 650 5.8 33,788 5.8 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 19.66 14.8 793 15.0 41,254 15.0 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 16.48 7.3 659 7.3 33,951 7.3 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 20.83 19.2 833 19.2 41,162 19.2 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 14.61 7.8 585 7.8 30,397 7.8 Line installers and repairers..................................... 24.44 8.4 978 8.4 50,833 8.4 Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................. 27.18 4.7 1,087 4.7 56,543 4.7 Telecommunications line installers and repairers................ 23.02 11.8 921 11.8 47,886 11.8 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.06 14.6 521 14.4 26,595 14.4 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 10.15 11.6 406 11.6 20,071 11.6 Production occupations.............................................. 12.70 5.2 507 5.2 26,365 5.2 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 18.71 7.8 758 7.3 39,416 7.3 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 9.79 5.8 392 5.8 20,366 5.8 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 9.49 11.8 380 11.8 19,748 11.8 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 9.35 8.8 374 8.8 19,448 8.8 Bakers............................................................ 9.05 19.7 362 19.7 18,815 19.7 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 12.91 14.7 516 14.7 26,849 14.7 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 13.24 2.4 530 2.4 27,545 2.4 Machinists........................................................ 14.39 8.2 577 9.2 29,995 9.2 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................................... 10.53 12.2 421 12.2 21,899 12.2 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 10.53 12.2 421 12.2 21,899 12.2 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 12.88 5.3 515 5.3 26,791 5.3 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 12.88 5.3 515 5.3 26,782 5.3 Bookbinders and bindery workers................................... 15.29 8.0 612 8.0 31,813 8.0 Bindery workers................................................. 14.95 9.0 598 9.0 31,088 9.0 Printers.......................................................... 15.97 8.0 633 8.4 32,911 8.4 Printing machine operators...................................... 16.81 11.5 667 11.6 34,675 11.6 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................. 9.10 6.4 360 6.3 18,735 6.3 Sewing machine operators.......................................... 9.24 9.6 370 9.6 19,223 9.6 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 24.37 15.7 975 15.7 50,700 15.7 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 16.87 7.0 675 7.0 35,085 7.0 Painting workers.................................................. 10.69 8.9 428 8.9 22,233 8.9 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 10.52 12.2 419 12.0 21,812 12.0 Helpers--production workers..................................... 10.83 4.8 428 5.2 22,261 5.2 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 12.78 6.6 528 10.0 27,275 10.0 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 13.70 9.4 548 9.4 28,504 9.4 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 13.85 6.7 592 12.0 30,717 12.0 Driver/sales workers............................................ 13.65 12.0 571 11.3 29,702 11.3 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 14.83 13.0 651 20.6 33,869 20.6 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 12.17 8.2 499 6.7 25,789 6.7 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................. 12.56 8.3 503 8.3 26,132 8.3 Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators........... 12.56 8.3 503 8.3 26,132 8.3 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 11.15 21.7 447 21.5 23,254 21.5 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.20 5.6 366 5.9 18,750 5.9 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 9.29 6.2 372 6.2 19,328 6.2 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.31 8.0 368 8.7 18,603 8.7 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.37 9.7 335 9.7 17,401 9.7 1 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 16 Private industry establishments with 100 workers or more: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings for full-time workers Hourly earnings(2) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(1) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(3) error(3) error(3) All workers........................................................... $20.57 1.7% $818 1.6% $42,392 1.6% Management occupations.............................................. 45.92 4.7 1,872 4.5 97,304 4.5 General and operations managers................................... 53.23 9.7 2,224 8.2 115,624 8.2 Advertising and promotions managers............................... 33.82 17.8 1,449 21.1 75,328 21.1 Marketing and sales managers...................................... 49.12 10.1 1,985 10.2 103,202 10.2 Marketing managers.............................................. 50.22 10.0 2,009 10.0 104,465 10.0 Sales managers.................................................. 47.23 16.5 1,942 16.1 100,985 16.1 Administrative services managers.................................. 40.06 6.8 1,677 8.8 87,184 8.8 Computer and information systems managers......................... 57.68 13.2 2,321 12.6 120,673 12.6 Financial managers................................................ 60.36 3.0 2,421 2.9 125,900 2.9 Human resources managers.......................................... 37.07 8.8 1,483 8.8 77,100 8.8 Industrial production managers.................................... 41.16 12.3 1,761 10.5 91,574 10.5 Purchasing managers............................................... 56.29 12.4 2,252 12.4 117,089 12.4 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................ 36.34 10.0 1,454 10.0 75,587 10.0 Construction managers............................................. 32.18 6.2 1,305 6.1 67,856 6.1 Education administrators.......................................... 43.09 14.8 1,622 14.0 82,164 14.0 Education administrators, postsecondary......................... 34.23 10.4 1,252 10.4 62,970 10.4 Engineering managers.............................................. 63.40 7.3 2,557 7.2 132,940 7.2 Medical and health services managers.............................. 30.16 17.6 1,255 20.3 65,243 20.3 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 28.22 1.5 1,130 1.5 58,758 1.5 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 28.13 5.0 1,130 4.9 58,742 4.9 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products............... 29.47 14.2 1,179 14.2 61,306 14.2 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.. 27.45 4.8 1,105 4.5 57,443 4.5 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........ 22.13 1.7 869 1.8 45,187 1.8 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................. 22.31 1.7 875 1.8 45,515 1.8 Cost estimators................................................... 30.83 14.3 1,244 14.3 64,672 14.3 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 29.31 10.6 1,172 10.6 60,956 10.6 Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists.............. 26.53 9.2 1,061 9.2 55,183 9.2 Training and development specialists............................ 35.25 27.2 1,409 27.3 73,265 27.3 Logisticians...................................................... 32.77 10.4 1,311 10.4 68,152 10.4 Management analysts............................................... 31.32 9.4 1,257 9.7 65,370 9.7 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 26.78 3.8 1,072 3.9 55,727 3.9 Financial analysts and advisors................................... 27.53 9.5 1,100 9.5 57,214 9.5 Financial analysts.............................................. 27.65 7.1 1,106 7.1 57,510 7.1 Personal financial advisors..................................... 23.04 15.0 921 15.0 47,915 15.0 Loan counselors and officers...................................... 27.46 10.0 1,101 10.1 57,244 10.1 Loan officers................................................... 27.46 10.0 1,101 10.1 57,244 10.1 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 36.55 2.7 1,464 2.7 76,086 2.7 Computer programmers.............................................. 35.56 9.1 1,423 9.2 73,684 9.2 Computer software engineers....................................... 40.60 1.9 1,626 1.9 84,532 1.9 Computer software engineers, applications....................... 39.46 7.0 1,582 7.1 82,271 7.1 Computer software engineers, systems software................... 41.49 4.1 1,660 4.1 86,296 4.1 Computer support specialists...................................... 27.16 7.4 1,091 7.7 56,719 7.7 Computer systems analysts......................................... 39.06 2.5 1,563 2.4 81,294 2.4 Database administrators........................................... 21.79 12.0 872 12.0 45,329 12.0 Network and computer systems administrators....................... 23.86 19.2 954 19.2 49,621 19.2 Network systems and data communications analysts.................. 30.54 1.2 1,222 1.2 63,522 1.2 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 37.50 3.4 1,507 3.2 78,388 3.2 Architects, except naval.......................................... 33.35 1.1 1,334 1.1 69,364 1.1 Architects, except landscape and naval.......................... 33.35 1.1 1,334 1.1 69,364 1.1 Engineers......................................................... 42.16 2.0 1,698 1.6 88,271 1.6 Aerospace engineers............................................. 35.29 12.8 1,412 12.8 73,414 12.8 Chemical engineers.............................................. 49.82 10.6 2,032 8.4 105,690 8.4 Civil engineers................................................. 43.63 20.0 1,768 19.0 91,939 19.0 Computer hardware engineers..................................... 40.36 7.9 1,650 8.4 85,807 8.4 Electrical and electronics engineers............................ 44.41 5.1 1,776 5.1 92,363 5.1 Electrical engineers.......................................... 46.82 12.7 1,873 12.7 97,384 12.7 Electronics engineers, except computer........................ 41.69 4.4 1,668 4.4 86,715 4.4 Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 36.41 4.4 1,461 4.6 75,992 4.6 Industrial engineers.......................................... 35.58 6.0 1,429 6.2 74,300 6.2 Mechanical engineers............................................ 37.72 10.0 1,509 10.0 78,451 10.0 Petroleum engineers............................................. 48.34 21.1 1,934 21.1 100,545 21.1 Drafters.......................................................... 28.89 11.4 1,158 11.3 60,212 11.3 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 24.07 5.7 965 5.8 50,186 5.8 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians............... 23.74 7.6 950 7.6 49,379 7.6 Life, physical, and social science occupations...................... 33.09 15.4 1,332 15.4 69,253 15.4 Physical scientists............................................... 41.61 19.5 1,664 19.5 86,548 19.5 Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................... 55.26 43.0 2,211 43.0 114,951 43.0 Community and social services occupations........................... 17.77 11.6 713 11.5 36,863 11.5 Counselors........................................................ 21.39 12.7 849 12.4 43,503 12.4 Educational, vocational, and school counselors.................. 18.87 21.2 743 19.4 37,603 19.4 Social workers.................................................... 19.88 4.8 806 4.3 41,922 4.3 Medical and public health social workers........................ 20.85 3.4 834 3.4 43,374 3.4 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............ 11.63 17.0 464 17.1 24,059 17.1 Social and human service assistants............................. 10.85 20.8 434 20.8 22,482 20.8 Legal occupations................................................... 50.46 12.1 2,075 12.8 107,908 12.8 Lawyers........................................................... 75.03 3.4 3,186 3.6 165,688 3.6 Paralegals and legal assistants................................... 31.26 1.4 1,250 1.4 65,022 1.4 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 34.69 28.7 1,367 28.5 61,411 28.5 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 57.20 24.9 2,240 25.2 95,100 25.2 Health teachers, postsecondary.................................. 90.45 32.8 3,549 33.5 170,366 33.5 Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.... 40.55 7.3 1,545 7.2 60,982 7.2 Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary................. 36.72 6.3 1,472 8.0 54,857 8.0 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 40.28 16.9 1,585 16.3 66,864 16.3 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 19.87 16.2 790 16.2 35,073 16.2 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 28.28 8.6 1,127 7.0 42,012 7.0 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 27.93 9.1 1,138 6.0 42,039 6.0 Secondary school teachers....................................... 22.75 15.6 898 15.0 39,602 15.0 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................. 28.30 15.7 1,107 14.7 43,846 14.7 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 26.14 7.8 1,037 8.0 52,588 8.0 Designers......................................................... 21.38 11.0 856 11.0 44,504 11.0 Graphic designers............................................... 18.41 9.0 737 9.1 38,346 9.1 News analysts, reporters and correspondents....................... 21.11 10.5 844 10.5 43,903 10.5 Reporters and correspondents.................................... 21.11 10.5 844 10.5 43,903 10.5 Writers and editors............................................... 22.70 7.9 908 7.9 47,209 7.9 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 25.60 6.1 1,009 6.4 52,490 6.4 Pharmacists....................................................... 51.23 2.9 2,070 1.6 107,665 1.6 Registered nurses................................................. 28.73 3.5 1,126 4.0 58,550 4.0 Therapists........................................................ 25.43 6.5 1,003 7.0 52,182 7.0 Occupational therapists......................................... 23.55 13.0 942 13.0 48,989 13.0 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 22.39 2.8 894 3.1 46,470 3.1 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 18.18 16.0 720 15.7 37,442 15.7 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 23.80 7.3 943 6.9 49,024 6.9 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 13.43 11.3 532 10.5 27,668 10.5 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 22.72 6.3 909 6.3 47,255 6.3 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 23.82 4.1 953 4.1 49,551 4.1 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 15.98 1.4 629 1.9 32,683 1.9 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 14.22 3.2 549 5.5 28,539 5.5 Respiratory therapy technicians................................. 20.29 3.2 812 3.2 42,198 3.2 Surgical technologists.......................................... 16.66 2.9 654 3.2 34,005 3.2 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 17.56 2.3 693 2.7 36,041 2.7 Medical records and health information technicians................ 17.81 32.6 700 33.2 36,405 33.2 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 16.63 16.1 665 16.1 34,584 16.1 Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........ 23.99 21.7 960 21.7 49,898 21.7 Occupational health and safety specialists...................... 23.99 21.7 960 21.7 49,898 21.7 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 9.92 4.8 375 7.6 19,497 7.6 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.17 3.7 342 8.1 17,762 8.1 Home health aides............................................... 7.27 8.3 230 23.2 11,939 23.2 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.73 1.5 383 1.7 19,917 1.7 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 11.93 4.6 471 5.3 24,511 5.3 Medical assistants.............................................. 11.33 3.5 453 3.5 23,573 3.5 Protective service occupations...................................... 11.11 5.0 443 5.0 22,660 5.0 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 10.73 3.4 428 3.4 22,277 3.4 Security guards................................................. 10.73 3.4 428 3.4 22,277 3.4 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.11 4.7 307 4.8 15,930 4.8 First-line supervisors/managers, food preparation and serving workers........................................................ 15.65 6.1 626 6.1 32,543 6.1 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers...................................................... 15.65 6.1 626 6.1 32,543 6.1 Cooks............................................................. 9.73 2.4 384 3.4 19,941 3.4 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 9.53 2.0 379 1.9 19,658 1.9 Cooks, restaurant............................................... 9.41 4.8 363 8.2 18,872 8.2 Food preparation workers.......................................... 8.80 9.6 352 9.6 18,309 9.6 Food service, tipped.............................................. 4.59 18.5 170 18.1 8,752 18.1 Bartenders...................................................... 5.05 9.9 188 14.2 8,932 14.2 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.81 10.0 99 7.9 5,145 7.9 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers...... 6.73 21.1 266 22.3 13,810 22.3 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 9.50 6.7 351 6.2 18,225 6.2 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food......................................................... 9.50 6.7 351 6.2 18,225 6.2 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 7.52 11.8 281 9.7 14,623 9.7 Dishwashers....................................................... 8.18 3.9 314 6.0 16,319 6.0 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.99 3.3 345 5.1 17,807 5.1 First-line supervisors/managers, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................ 11.94 12.6 497 14.3 25,827 14.3 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.85 4.2 338 5.9 17,442 5.9 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 9.41 4.2 370 4.7 19,234 4.7 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 8.09 5.4 297 8.7 15,235 8.7 Grounds maintenance workers....................................... 8.80 5.0 339 6.2 17,609 6.2 Personal care and service occupations............................... 13.55 6.3 456 2.1 22,877 2.1 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................... 7.10 8.3 284 8.3 14,776 8.3 Baggage porters and bellhops.................................... 7.10 8.3 284 8.3 14,776 8.3 Transportation attendants......................................... 34.01 16.0 684 3.5 35,575 3.5 Flight attendants............................................... 40.01 1.2 726 3.4 37,743 3.4 Sales and related occupations....................................... 18.20 6.0 719 6.7 37,295 6.7 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 26.12 7.4 1,036 8.5 53,849 8.5 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 17.98 16.0 709 17.7 36,875 17.7 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..... 43.35 6.7 1,737 6.4 90,322 6.4 Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.03 8.0 471 8.6 24,378 8.6 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 10.32 2.6 403 2.7 20,678 2.7 Cashiers...................................................... 10.32 2.6 403 2.7 20,678 2.7 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons................ 22.69 15.1 911 15.4 47,353 15.4 Retail salespersons............................................. 12.42 10.5 486 11.5 25,287 11.5 Advertising sales agents.......................................... 37.71 17.9 1,508 17.9 78,437 17.9 Insurance sales agents............................................ 17.77 5.7 711 5.7 36,968 5.7 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 20.19 11.3 808 11.3 41,994 11.3 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................ 41.37 9.3 1,670 9.3 86,829 9.3 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................ 38.28 14.4 1,554 14.2 80,799 14.2 Telemarketers..................................................... 9.32 6.8 369 5.9 19,210 5.9 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................... 12.55 22.3 503 22.5 25,858 22.5 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 14.50 2.0 577 2.0 29,994 2.0 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers................................................ 25.47 4.3 1,022 4.2 53,152 4.2 Switchboard operators, including answering service................ 10.10 9.0 390 10.9 20,280 10.9 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.72 2.7 586 2.9 30,496 2.9 Bill and account collectors..................................... 14.70 6.9 586 6.9 30,472 6.9 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators................ 14.56 7.2 583 7.2 30,293 7.2 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 15.19 4.0 606 4.3 31,490 4.3 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................. 13.75 4.8 531 7.8 27,621 7.8 Tellers......................................................... 11.33 3.4 453 3.4 23,565 3.4 Correspondence clerks............................................. 17.60 5.4 704 5.4 36,605 5.4 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................... 15.18 5.0 607 5.0 31,575 5.0 Customer service representatives.................................. 13.15 5.5 524 5.4 27,228 5.4 File clerks....................................................... 12.34 6.0 491 6.3 25,525 6.3 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................. 9.24 3.5 370 3.5 19,223 3.5 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 13.52 14.7 544 14.3 28,296 14.3 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................... 14.26 8.2 570 8.2 29,651 8.2 Order clerks...................................................... 12.86 12.9 508 12.9 26,397 12.9 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........ 16.20 9.0 644 9.2 33,467 9.2 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.06 4.4 437 4.9 22,540 4.9 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.... 15.68 11.1 627 11.1 32,613 11.1 Couriers and messengers........................................... 11.90 6.3 476 6.3 24,752 6.3 Dispatchers....................................................... 16.62 13.3 653 12.2 33,944 12.2 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................. 16.62 13.3 653 12.2 33,944 12.2 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 17.51 6.3 700 6.3 36,423 6.3 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 11.00 1.0 439 1.1 22,851 1.1 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 12.68 6.1 503 5.8 26,164 5.8 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 17.62 5.6 700 5.9 36,355 5.9 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 21.23 1.8 849 1.8 44,066 1.8 Medical secretaries............................................. 11.64 9.1 466 9.1 24,219 9.1 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 16.98 7.0 666 7.9 34,643 7.9 Computer operators................................................ 17.55 8.9 701 8.9 36,462 8.9 Data entry and information processing workers..................... 11.47 2.2 457 2.1 23,716 2.1 Data entry keyers............................................... 11.70 2.9 466 3.0 24,158 3.0 Word processors and typists..................................... 10.79 8.9 432 8.9 22,442 8.9 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................... 14.20 11.7 564 11.6 29,332 11.6 Office clerks, general............................................ 12.91 6.1 515 6.1 26,764 6.1 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 17.70 8.7 723 10.2 37,570 10.2 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................. 24.34 2.4 1,049 5.0 54,555 5.0 Carpenters........................................................ 13.92 3.8 557 3.8 28,954 3.8 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........... 12.30 4.3 492 4.3 25,576 4.3 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................ 12.30 4.3 492 4.3 25,576 4.3 Construction laborers............................................. 11.69 4.3 469 4.5 24,396 4.5 Construction equipment operators.................................. 16.80 7.7 672 7.7 34,939 7.7 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 16.96 7.9 678 7.9 35,271 7.9 Electricians...................................................... 17.23 9.5 689 9.5 35,844 9.5 Painters and paperhangers......................................... 15.25 4.0 610 4.0 31,721 4.0 Painters, construction and maintenance.......................... 15.25 4.0 610 4.0 31,721 4.0 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 19.20 6.2 768 6.2 39,927 6.2 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 19.57 7.1 783 7.1 40,702 7.1 Sheet metal workers............................................... 13.91 4.1 556 4.1 28,926 4.1 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 11.26 4.5 450 4.5 23,426 4.5 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................... 15.15 25.3 606 25.3 31,502 25.3 Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining......................................................... 21.17 23.6 847 23.6 44,036 23.6 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 20.18 3.9 809 3.9 42,087 3.9 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................... 30.85 10.3 1,249 9.7 64,939 9.7 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................... 21.71 6.6 869 6.6 45,165 6.6 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment.................................................... 21.65 8.6 866 8.6 45,034 8.6 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................ 26.79 7.2 1,071 7.2 55,716 7.2 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................. 19.22 11.7 795 13.4 41,359 13.4 Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................... 19.86 13.3 819 15.5 42,581 15.5 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............. 17.40 4.5 696 4.5 36,201 4.5 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics...................................................... 20.37 9.8 815 9.8 42,369 9.8 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................ 19.69 1.1 788 1.1 40,953 1.1 Rail car repairers.............................................. 21.98 17.8 879 17.8 45,719 17.8 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers..................................................... 22.34 9.0 878 10.0 45,667 10.0 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 17.72 5.9 707 6.0 36,764 6.0 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 19.02 6.5 761 6.5 39,563 6.5 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 17.06 10.7 682 10.7 35,420 10.7 Maintenance workers, machinery.................................. 15.14 11.0 601 10.9 31,227 10.9 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 14.66 6.5 591 6.7 30,706 6.7 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 12.30 9.6 492 9.6 25,591 9.6 Production occupations.............................................. 14.36 3.4 572 3.5 29,753 3.5 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers........................................................ 23.74 5.7 949 5.6 49,341 5.6 Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers..... 21.10 11.6 844 11.6 43,894 11.6 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 12.15 3.5 485 3.5 25,227 3.5 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 12.32 3.5 492 3.4 25,565 3.4 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 12.58 8.9 501 9.1 26,062 9.1 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..... 10.87 7.9 431 8.0 22,412 8.0 Butchers and meat cutters....................................... 15.35 3.2 572 6.2 29,742 6.2 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................. 10.96 12.4 438 12.4 22,789 12.4 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 12.01 22.4 476 22.6 24,727 22.6 Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................ 12.01 22.4 476 22.6 24,727 22.6 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 12.89 13.5 516 13.5 26,809 13.5 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................... 10.73 7.0 429 7.0 22,321 7.0 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................... 12.09 11.7 484 11.7 25,143 11.7 Machinists........................................................ 20.46 10.1 819 10.1 42,563 10.1 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................................ 12.55 13.3 502 13.3 26,103 13.3 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 16.37 8.6 655 8.6 34,057 8.6 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................ 16.63 8.5 665 8.5 34,600 8.5 Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 15.75 8.0 629 8.0 32,703 8.0 Printers.......................................................... 17.01 10.0 680 10.0 35,372 10.0 Prepress technicians and workers................................ 22.30 4.3 892 4.3 46,393 4.3 Printing machine operators...................................... 15.51 7.4 621 7.4 32,268 7.4 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........... 13.81 16.1 538 14.5 27,975 14.5 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................... 18.35 10.1 734 10.1 38,169 10.1 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................... 28.21 2.3 1,129 2.3 58,730 2.3 Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers 28.29 .4 1,133 .4 58,918 .4 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....... 25.47 1.6 1,019 1.6 52,984 1.6 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....... 14.57 11.0 583 11.0 30,296 11.0 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 14.09 12.2 564 12.2 29,313 12.2 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 13.53 6.7 541 6.7 28,138 6.7 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 12.99 3.2 520 3.2 27,028 3.2 Painting workers.................................................. 19.66 10.9 793 11.4 41,222 11.4 Painters, transportation equipment.............................. 25.60 22.1 1,038 23.3 53,973 23.3 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 11.20 2.6 445 2.5 23,119 2.5 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 16.09 8.0 648 7.6 33,570 7.6 First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand................................................... 19.37 7.4 780 7.4 40,541 7.4 First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators.................. 26.28 21.7 1,099 21.3 57,150 21.3 Bus drivers....................................................... 15.12 11.9 605 11.9 31,441 11.9 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 18.36 8.2 797 6.9 41,419 6.9 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 18.64 9.0 835 7.1 43,409 7.1 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 17.49 12.6 700 12.6 36,383 12.6 Crane and tower operators......................................... 19.42 5.3 777 5.3 40,387 5.3 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.14 5.3 486 5.3 25,251 5.3 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 11.06 2.4 435 2.6 22,363 2.6 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.............................. 11.41 4.6 456 4.6 23,726 4.6 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 11.65 3.6 458 4.2 23,359 4.2 Machine feeders and offbearers.................................. 10.86 9.6 434 9.6 22,584 9.6 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.33 4.4 321 5.3 16,710 5.3 1 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 17 Union and nonunion workers: Relative standard errors(1) of mean hourly earnings(2) by major sector and for major occupational groups Union Nonunion Occupational group(3) Private State and Private State and Civilian industry local Civilian industry local workers workers government workers workers government workers workers All workers........................................................... 4.4% 5.4% 4.2% 0.9% 1.1% 1.2% Management, professional, and related............................... 4.5 23.9 4.1 2.0 2.8 1.3 Management, business, and financial............................... – – – 2.7 3.0 3.4 Professional and related.......................................... 4.1 25.7 3.1 2.9 4.3 1.4 Service............................................................. 6.9 13.9 7.2 3.5 3.7 2.4 Sales and office.................................................... 9.4 9.3 5.4 1.1 1.2 1.6 Sales and related................................................. 25.3 24.5 – 2.7 2.7 11.8 Office and administrative support................................. 4.3 4.6 6.0 1.0 1.1 1.7 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 3.2 3.3 5.8 3.0 3.3 2.3 Construction and extraction...................................... 6.5 7.1 – 4.7 5.1 3.5 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 3.4 3.1 4.9 2.3 2.5 2.8 Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 11.5 11.6 6.1 1.7 1.7 5.8 Production........................................................ 7.3 7.4 – 3.0 3.0 7.6 Transportation and material moving................................ 12.0 11.8 5.3 1.8 1.9 4.8 1 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 3 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 19 Private industry sector(1): Relative standard errors(2) of mean hourly earnings(3) for major occupational groups Goods producing Service providing Trade, Profes- Education Construc- Manufac- transpor- Infor- Financial sional and and Leisure Other Occupational group(4) tion turing tation, mation activities business health and services and services services hospitality utilities Relative error(5) All workers........................................................... – 3.8% – 9.0% 3.8% – 4.0% – 6.7% Management, professional, and related............................... – 2.8 – 8.5 3.8 – 7.3 – 19.9 Management, business, and financial............................... – 5.7 – 12.9 5.3 – 8.3 – 10.0 Professional and related.......................................... – 2.6 – 8.0 4.9 – 8.0 – 24.8 Service............................................................. – 12.3 – – 8.7 – 7.3 – 6.3 Sales and office.................................................... – 6.5 – 15.6 5.1 – 4.2 – 14.9 Sales and related................................................. – 17.4 – 28.8 9.4 – 19.8 – 32.7 Office and administrative support................................. – 3.2 – 8.9 2.7 – 3.9 – 4.7 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... – 7.7 – 5.0 25.5 – 17.5 – 5.9 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – 9.1 – 5.0 14.6 – 20.3 – 7.4 Production, transportation, and material moving..................... – 3.3 – 7.7 – – 9.2 – 4.6 Production........................................................ – 3.5 – 11.8 – – 10.2 – 5.2 Transportation and material moving................................ – 6.6 – 5.1 – – 9.7 – 8.9 1 Industry sectors are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 4 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 20 Civilian full-time workers in hospitals: Relative standard errors of mean hourly, weekly, and annual earnings by work levels Hourly earnings(2) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation and work level(1) Mean Relative Mean Relative Mean Relative error(3) error(3) error(3) All workers........................................................... $19.65 2.2% $780 2.2% $40,541 2.2% Level 1 .................................................. 8.65 1.7 345 1.7 17,945 1.7 Level 2 .................................................. 9.31 2.8 368 2.9 19,140 2.9 Level 3 .................................................. 10.80 2.8 432 2.8 22,439 2.8 Level 4 .................................................. 13.25 2.3 527 2.1 27,390 2.1 Level 5 .................................................. 15.83 3.8 626 3.7 32,544 3.7 Level 6 .................................................. 18.66 2.9 741 3.2 38,542 3.2 Level 7 .................................................. 23.22 2.4 924 2.2 48,069 2.2 Level 8 .................................................. 27.37 1.0 1,079 1.2 56,105 1.2 Level 9 .................................................. 28.27 4.6 1,094 6.1 56,888 6.1 Level 10.................................................. 35.17 6.5 1,395 6.6 72,541 6.6 Level 11.................................................. 39.39 6.3 1,625 6.8 84,482 6.8 Not able to be leveled.................................... 18.23 9.9 729 9.9 37,912 9.9 Management occupations.............................................. 30.84 9.8 1,283 12.1 66,725 12.1 Level 9 .................................................. 24.33 10.8 973 10.8 50,602 10.8 Level 11.................................................. 39.17 7.0 1,763 9.8 91,695 9.8 Medical and health services managers.............................. 30.63 11.5 1,287 14.5 66,907 14.5 Level 9 .................................................. 24.33 10.8 973 10.8 50,602 10.8 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 22.82 10.6 913 10.6 47,473 10.6 Community and social services occupations........................... 19.07 6.4 763 6.4 39,656 6.4 Social workers.................................................... 20.15 8.8 806 8.8 41,907 8.8 Medical and public health social workers........................ 20.09 10.1 803 10.1 41,780 10.1 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 24.86 2.6 978 2.8 50,842 2.8 Level 4 .................................................. 15.23 3.0 599 3.0 31,123 3.0 Level 5 .................................................. 16.66 3.4 654 3.6 34,025 3.6 Level 6 .................................................. 18.82 4.0 744 4.6 38,667 4.6 Level 7 .................................................. 23.46 3.4 932 3.2 48,452 3.2 Level 8 .................................................. 27.62 .9 1,088 1.1 56,566 1.1 Level 9 .................................................. 28.85 5.2 1,111 6.9 57,763 6.9 Level 10.................................................. 35.97 6.2 1,426 6.4 74,147 6.4 Level 11.................................................. 40.06 11.0 1,599 11.0 83,155 11.0 Not able to be leveled.................................... 24.04 9.4 962 9.4 50,004 9.4 Pharmacists....................................................... 48.48 4.0 1,939 4.0 100,842 4.0 Level 9 .................................................. 51.30 5.0 2,052 5.0 106,708 5.0 Registered nurses................................................. 28.79 2.9 1,125 3.1 58,498 3.1 Level 7 .................................................. 25.62 3.8 1,010 3.7 52,524 3.7 Level 8 .................................................. 27.89 1.3 1,097 .9 57,026 .9 Level 9 .................................................. 27.02 1.5 1,030 3.2 53,572 3.2 Level 10.................................................. 34.06 5.8 1,345 6.0 69,956 6.0 Level 11.................................................. 40.73 11.9 1,625 11.9 84,519 11.9 Therapists........................................................ 26.64 5.6 1,065 5.7 55,363 5.7 Level 7 .................................................. 22.79 2.5 912 2.5 47,402 2.5 Level 9 .................................................. 31.50 2.9 1,260 2.9 65,528 2.9 Occupational therapists......................................... 31.01 3.8 1,240 3.8 64,493 3.8 Respiratory therapists.......................................... 22.39 2.8 894 3.1 46,470 3.1 Level 7 .................................................. 22.79 2.5 912 2.5 47,402 2.5 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................. 18.54 11.2 737 11.1 38,306 11.1 Level 6 .................................................. 20.64 5.9 826 5.9 42,936 5.9 Level 7 .................................................. 21.29 7.1 852 7.1 44,287 7.1 Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................... 21.51 8.9 857 8.9 44,568 8.9 Medical and clinical laboratory technicians..................... 15.77 15.8 625 15.4 32,504 15.4 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................. 21.60 5.1 864 5.1 44,930 5.1 Level 7 .................................................. 22.46 7.2 898 7.2 46,708 7.2 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.................... 18.47 19.2 739 19.2 38,410 19.2 Radiologic technologists and technicians........................ 22.18 4.1 887 4.1 46,144 4.1 Level 7 .................................................. 22.46 7.2 898 7.2 46,708 7.2 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 16.09 2.5 633 3.0 32,905 3.0 Level 4 .................................................. 15.46 4.8 602 5.6 31,315 5.6 Level 5 .................................................. 17.10 7.5 671 7.1 34,877 7.1 Level 6 .................................................. 16.06 3.7 642 3.7 33,403 3.7 Pharmacy technicians............................................ 13.53 4.5 528 4.9 27,460 4.9 Level 4 .................................................. 12.34 3.9 477 3.5 24,789 3.5 Surgical technologists.......................................... 16.68 2.9 655 3.2 34,045 3.2 Level 4 .................................................. 16.58 3.2 648 4.3 33,687 4.3 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.18 2.1 633 2.6 32,932 2.6 Level 4 .................................................. 16.09 4.8 634 5.0 32,983 5.0 Level 5 .................................................. 15.95 1.9 626 2.1 32,526 2.1 Level 6 .................................................. 17.40 5.6 667 9.0 34,684 9.0 Medical records and health information technicians................ 19.20 37.5 747 38.7 38,830 38.7 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................ 17.33 19.1 693 19.1 36,055 19.1 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.30 1.7 411 1.8 21,349 1.8 Level 2 .................................................. 9.33 5.2 371 5.1 19,268 5.1 Level 3 .................................................. 10.43 3.8 415 3.7 21,577 3.7 Level 4 .................................................. 11.79 6.9 471 6.9 24,510 6.9 Not able to be leveled.................................... 10.98 5.9 439 5.9 22,839 5.9 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.84 1.8 392 1.9 20,385 1.9 Level 2 .................................................. 9.34 5.2 371 5.1 19,276 5.1 Level 3 .................................................. 10.36 4.6 414 4.6 21,527 4.6 Level 4 .................................................. 10.88 9.2 435 9.2 22,635 9.2 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.97 1.8 397 2.0 20,627 2.0 Level 2 .................................................. 9.35 7.0 370 6.8 19,252 6.8 Level 3 .................................................. 10.24 5.4 410 5.4 21,294 5.4 Level 4 .................................................. 12.42 3.9 497 3.9 25,824 3.9 Psychiatric aides............................................... 9.47 3.1 379 3.1 19,702 3.1 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 11.74 5.2 468 5.2 24,331 5.2 Level 3 .................................................. 10.33 5.0 408 4.5 21,231 4.5 Level 4 .................................................. 12.62 6.1 504 6.1 26,209 6.1 Medical assistants.............................................. 12.61 8.6 499 8.9 25,936 8.9 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.30 4.8 409 4.8 21,269 4.8 Level 2 .................................................. 9.44 5.5 371 6.4 19,305 6.4 Level 4 .................................................. 10.43 8.3 417 8.3 21,699 8.3 Cooks............................................................. 9.56 2.0 383 2.0 19,891 2.0 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 9.56 2.1 382 2.1 19,888 2.1 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................... 10.20 10.5 404 10.9 21,023 10.9 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.99 3.7 360 3.7 18,699 3.7 Level 1 .................................................. 8.31 4.2 332 4.2 17,287 4.2 Level 2 .................................................. 9.07 3.5 363 3.5 18,864 3.5 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.82 3.1 353 3.1 18,345 3.1 Level 1 .................................................. 8.31 4.2 332 4.2 17,287 4.2 Level 2 .................................................. 9.07 3.5 363 3.5 18,864 3.5 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 9.00 3.9 360 3.9 18,726 3.9 Level 1 .................................................. 8.48 7.0 339 7.0 17,641 7.0 Level 2 .................................................. 9.23 3.5 369 3.5 19,199 3.5 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 8.52 4.4 341 4.4 17,713 4.4 Level 1 .................................................. 8.18 4.5 327 4.5 17,009 4.5 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 12.76 2.6 510 2.6 26,495 2.6 Level 2 .................................................. 9.28 3.3 365 4.1 18,997 4.1 Level 3 .................................................. 10.94 5.0 438 5.0 22,753 5.0 Level 4 .................................................. 12.85 1.7 514 1.7 26,722 1.7 Level 5 .................................................. 14.36 6.9 574 6.9 29,872 6.9 Level 6 .................................................. 19.19 7.4 768 7.4 39,921 7.4 Financial clerks.................................................. 11.38 7.5 455 7.5 23,671 7.5 Level 4 .................................................. 13.30 3.2 532 3.2 27,671 3.2 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 12.41 4.8 496 4.8 25,809 4.8 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................... 11.33 3.9 453 3.9 23,566 3.9 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.54 5.0 542 5.0 28,166 5.0 Level 3 .................................................. 10.89 5.6 435 5.6 22,644 5.6 Level 4 .................................................. 13.45 1.9 538 1.9 27,975 1.9 Medical secretaries............................................. 12.66 5.4 506 5.4 26,328 5.4 Level 3 .................................................. 10.89 5.6 435 5.6 22,644 5.6 Level 4 .................................................. 13.40 2.2 536 2.2 27,881 2.2 Office clerks, general............................................ 12.28 4.3 491 4.3 25,547 4.3 Level 4 .................................................. 13.15 2.9 526 2.9 27,361 2.9 Production occupations.............................................. 13.40 9.0 536 9.0 27,867 9.0 1 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighed by hours. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. RSE Table 21 Civilian supervisory workers: Relative standard errors of mean weekly and annual earnings for selected management occupations Weekly(2) Annual(4) Occupation(1) Mean Relative Mean Relative earnings error(3) earnings error(3) Management occupations Team leader............................................... $1,305 4.3% $66,604 4.3% First line................................................ 1,601 3.2 82,335 3.2 Second line............................................... 2,272 11.2 115,751 11.2 General and operations managers Team leader............................................... 1,295 20.1 66,563 20.1 First line................................................ 1,903 10.4 98,960 10.4 Second line............................................... 2,160 22.0 112,339 22.0 Marketing managers First line................................................ 2,148 9.5 111,695 9.5 Sales managers First line................................................ 2,142 13.2 111,375 13.2 Administrative services managers First line................................................ 1,100 7.8 57,178 7.8 Computer and information systems managers Team leader............................................... 1,706 12.1 88,705 12.1 First line................................................ 2,221 28.8 115,483 28.8 Financial managers Team leader............................................... 1,359 8.5 70,681 8.5 First line................................................ 1,908 13.5 98,948 13.5 Second line............................................... 2,537 8.7 131,950 8.7 Compensation and benefits managers First line................................................ 1,448 3.6 75,321 3.6 Industrial production managers First line................................................ 1,660 12.6 86,326 12.6 Second line............................................... 1,929 29.7 100,289 29.7 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers First line................................................ 1,385 7.7 71,686 7.7 Construction managers Team leader............................................... 1,323 12.2 68,805 12.2 First line................................................ 1,447 7.1 72,869 7.1 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school Team leader............................................... 1,597 6.7 69,251 6.7 First line................................................ 1,551 6.0 69,396 6.0 Education administrators, postsecondary First line................................................ 1,249 9.1 64,935 9.1 Engineering managers First line................................................ 2,095 4.3 108,937 4.3 Food service managers First line................................................ 974 4.4 50,655 4.4 Medical and health services managers Team leader............................................... 776 15.2 40,363 15.2 First line................................................ 1,254 11.7 65,224 11.7 Property, real estate, and community association managers First line................................................ 1,100 11.0 57,219 11.0 1 A classification system including about 800 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. NOTE: Dashes indicate that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.