| O*NET category and variables | Cutoff value | |
|---|---|---|
| Dingel and Neiman [1] | DFLP [1] | |
|
Performing physical and manual work activities |
||
|
Performing general physical activities |
4.00 | 4.00 |
|
Handling and moving objects |
4.00 | 4.00 |
|
Controlling machines and processes |
4.00 | 4.00 |
|
Operating vehicles, mechanized devices, or equipment |
4.00 | 4.00 |
|
Performing complex and technical activities |
||
|
Repairing and maintaining mechanical equipment |
4.00 | 4.00 |
|
Repairing and maintaining electronic equipment |
4.00 | 4.00 |
|
Work settings |
||
|
Outdoors, exposed to weather |
4.50 | 4.00 |
|
Outdoors, under cover |
4.50 | 4.00 |
|
In an open vehicle or equipment |
— | 4.00 |
|
Job hazards |
||
|
Exposed to disease or infections |
4.00 | — |
|
Exposed to high places |
— | 4.00 |
|
Exposed to hazardous conditions |
— | 4.00 |
|
Exposed to hazardous equipment |
— | 4.00 |
|
Exposed to minor burns, cuts, bites, or stings |
4.00 | 4.00 |
|
Body positioning |
||
|
Spend time standing |
— | 4.00 |
|
Spend time climbing ladders, scaffolds, or poles |
— | 4.00 |
|
Spend time walking and running |
3.50 | 4.00 |
|
Spend time kneeling, crouching, stooping, or crawling |
— | 4.00 |
|
Spend time keeping or regaining balance |
— | 4.00 |
|
Spend time using your hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools, or controls |
— | 4.00 |
|
Spend time bending or twisting the body |
— | 4.00 |
|
Environmental conditions |
||
|
Sounds, noise levels are distracting or uncomfortable |
— | 4.00 |
|
Very hot or cold temperatures |
— | 4.00 |
|
Exposed to contaminants |
— | 4.00 |
|
Exposed to whole body vibration |
— | 4.00 |
|
Work attire |
||
|
Wear common protective or safety equipment |
3.50 | — |
|
Wear specialized protective or safety equipment |
3.50 | — |
|
Miscellaneous variables |
||
|
Inspecting equipment, structures, or material [2] |
4.00 | — |
|
Performing for or working directly with the public [2] |
4.00 | — |
|
Conflictual contact |
||
|
Frequency of conflict situations [3] |
— | 3.75 |
|
Deal with unpleasant or angry people [3] |
— | 3.75 |
|
Deal with physically aggressive people [3] |
4.00 | 3.75 |
|
Necessary computer/working conditions |
||
|
Interacting with computers [4] |
— | 3.00 |
|
Indoors, environmentally controlled [4] |
— | 3.00 |
|
Spend time sitting [4] |
— | 3.00 |
|
Electronic mail |
3.00 | — |
|
[1] As discussed in the main text, our revised classification or DFLP modifies that originally developed by Jonathan I. Dingel and Brent Neiman (“How many jobs can be done at home?” Journal of Public Economics, vol. 189, no. 2, September 2020). [2] In the Dingel and Neiman method, an occupation begins in the “suitable for telework” category. If any of the preceding variables listed exceed the cutoff, the occupation moves into the “not suitable for telework” category. If no cutoff is listed, the method does not use the variable. [3] For DFLP, the variable must exceed the cutoff value to be moved into the “not able to telework” category. [4] For DFLP, the variable must exceed the cutoff value to remain in the “suitable for telework” category. Similarly, electronic mail must exceed the cutoff value in the Dingel and Neiman rules to remain in the “suitable for telework” category. Note: Cutoff values represent a range, with 1 as “Not important at all” and 5 as “Very important.” A dash indicates that the variable is not used in ascertaining whether an occupation is suitable for telework. DFLP = Dey, Frazis, Loewenstein, and Piccone; O*NET = Occupational Information Network. Source: U.S Bureau of Labor Statistics. |
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