Chart 8. Contributions to growth in real gross domestic product, 2001–21 and projected 2021–31
Year PCE Investment Government and net exports

2001

1.6 -1.1 0.4

2002

1.7 -0.2 0.2

2003

2.1 0.8 -0.1

2004

2.5 1.6 -0.3

2005

2.4 1.3 -0.2

2006

1.9 0.6 0.2

2007

1.6 -0.5 0.9

2008

0.1 -1.5 1.5

2009

-0.9 -3.5 1.8

2010

1.3 1.9 -0.5

2011

1.2 0.9 -0.6

2012

0.9 1.6 -0.3

2013

1.0 1.1 -0.3

2014

1.8 0.9 -0.5

2015

2.2 1.0 -0.5

2016

1.7 -0.2 0.2

2017

1.6 0.7 -0.1

2018

2.0 1.0 0.0

2019

1.5 0.6 0.2

2020

-2.6 -1.0 0.1

2021

5.3 1.6 -1.3

2021-31 projected

1.5 0.6 0.1

Note: PCE = personal consumption expenditures.

Source: Historic data are from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, and projected data are from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.