Identifiable primary and secondary effects of the GM strikes on the over-the-month employment change: Industry June July June+July August Manufacturing Strike -3,400 -5,800 -9,200 +9,200 Layoff -6,000 -127,800 -133,800 +133,800 Subtotal -9,400 -133,600 -143,000 +143,000 Help supply -7,000 -7,000 +7,000 TOTAL -9,400 -140,600 -150,000 +150,000