Table 4. Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), not seasonally adjusted Minnesota Total private (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September 0.6 8.6 5.6 3.0 8.0 5.3 2.7 December -0.6 7.1 5.8 1.3 7.7 6.2 1.5 1993 March -2.2 6.1 4.4 1.7 8.3 6.7 1.6 June 4.5 9.9 8.0 1.9 5.4 4.1 1.3 September 0.7 7.0 5.7 1.3 6.3 5.1 1.2 December -0.1 7.5 5.9 1.6 7.6 6.2 1.4 1994 March -2.0 6.6 4.8 1.8 8.6 6.7 1.9 June 5.1 10.5 8.5 2.0 5.4 3.9 1.5 September 0.1 7.0 5.5 1.5 6.9 5.2 1.7 December 0.1 7.8 5.8 2.0 7.7 6.1 1.6 1995 March -1.5 7.5 5.0 2.5 9.0 6.4 2.6 June 4.6 10.2 8.0 2.2 5.6 4.3 1.3 September -0.8 6.5 5.1 1.4 7.3 5.2 2.1 December 0.8 8.3 5.6 2.7 7.5 5.8 1.7 1996 March -2.1 6.7 4.6 2.1 8.8 6.5 2.3 June 4.8 10.3 7.9 2.4 5.5 4.4 1.1 September -0.2 6.6 5.1 1.5 6.8 5.4 1.4 December -0.2 7.4 6.0 1.4 7.6 5.9 1.7 1997 March -2.3 6.6 4.7 1.9 8.9 6.6 2.3 June 5.0 10.5 8.2 2.3 5.5 4.1 1.4 September 0.9 7.5 5.5 2.0 6.6 5.2 1.4 December -0.1 7.3 5.7 1.6 7.4 5.9 1.5 1998 March -2.3 6.7 5.0 1.7 9.0 6.4 2.6 June 5.1 10.8 8.0 2.8 5.7 4.3 1.4 September -0.2 6.1 4.7 1.4 6.3 5.1 1.2 December -0.3 6.7 5.5 1.2 7.0 5.4 1.6 1999 March -2.6 5.8 4.3 1.5 8.4 6.4 2.0 June 5.3 10.0 8.0 2.0 4.7 3.7 1.0 September -0.2 6.0 4.9 1.1 6.2 5.1 1.1 December 0.1 7.1 5.8 1.3 7.0 5.5 1.5 2000 March -2.4 6.3 4.4 1.9 8.7 6.6 2.1 June 4.9 9.9 8.0 1.9 5.0 4.0 1.0 September -0.3 6.2 4.7 1.5 6.5 5.2 1.3 December -0.5 6.8 5.2 1.6 7.3 5.8 1.5 2001 March -3.4 5.8 4.3 1.5 9.2 6.8 2.4 June 3.5 9.3 7.6 1.7 5.8 4.7 1.1 September -1.2 5.8 4.5 1.3 7.0 5.8 1.2 December -1.5 6.6 4.9 1.7 8.1 6.3 1.8 2002 March -3.2 6.0 4.2 1.8 9.2 7.0 2.2 June 4.6 10.0 7.8 2.2 5.4 4.1 1.3 September -0.4 5.7 4.5 1.2 6.1 5.2 0.9 December -1.2 6.0 5.0 1.0 7.2 5.8 1.4 2003 March -3.3 5.4 3.9 1.5 8.7 6.9 1.8 June 4.6 9.8 7.6 2.2 5.2 4.0 1.2 September -0.7 5.5 4.3 1.2 6.2 5.1 1.1 December -1.1 6.0 4.9 1.1 7.1 5.6 1.5 2004 March -2.8 5.4 4.0 1.4 8.2 6.3 1.9 June 6.0 10.1 8.1 2.0 4.1 3.2 0.9 September -0.9 5.7 4.2 1.5 6.6 5.1 1.5 December -0.4 6.1 5.0 1.1 6.5 5.3 1.2 2005 March -3.2 5.0 4.0 1.0 8.2 6.3 1.9 June 4.4 9.0 7.3 1.7 4.6 3.9 0.7 September 1.1 6.6 5.2 1.4 5.5 4.7 0.8 December -0.3 6.6 5.3 1.3 6.9 6.4 0.5 2006 March -2.1 5.4 4.0 1.4 7.5 6.2 1.3 June 4.4 9.4 8.2 1.2 5.0 3.7 1.3 September -1.6 5.2 4.4 0.8 6.8 5.1 1.7 December -0.8 6.0 4.8 1.2 6.8 5.5 1.3 2007 March -2.3 5.1 3.5 1.6 7.4 6.0 1.4 June 4.4 9.1 7.6 1.5 4.7 3.4 1.3 September -0.3 5.5 3.8 1.7 5.8 5.0 0.8 December -0.8 5.8 4.7 1.1 6.6 5.3 1.3 2008 March -2.6 5.0 3.6 1.4 7.6 6.1 1.5 June 3.8 8.4 6.9 1.5 4.6 3.5 1.1 September -1.2 4.7 3.9 0.8 5.9 4.9 1.0 December -2.4 4.9 3.9 1.0 7.3 6.1 1.2 2009 March -5.1 4.1 3.2 0.9 9.2 7.5 1.7 June 3.1 8.4 6.7 1.7 5.3 4.4 0.9 September -1.2 4.9 3.8 1.1 6.1 5.3 0.8 December -1.1 5.3 4.6 0.7 6.4 5.3 1.1 2010 March -2.8 4.7 3.4 1.3 7.5 5.8 1.7 June 5.0 8.9 7.4 1.5 3.9 3.2 0.7 September -0.5 4.8 4.1 0.7 5.3 4.4 0.9 December -0.6 5.6 4.6 1.0 6.2 5.1 1.1 2011 March -1.8 4.6 3.5 1.1 6.4 5.2 1.2 June 5.1 9.1 7.4 1.7 4.0 3.2 0.8 September 0.6 5.6 4.5 1.1 5.0 4.4 0.6 December -1.1 5.2 4.5 0.7 6.3 5.2 1.1 2012 March -2.1 4.9 3.8 1.1 7.0 5.7 1.3 June 4.6 8.6 7.3 1.3 4.0 3.2 0.8 September -0.2 5.2 4.1 1.1 5.4 4.6 0.8 December -0.8 5.4 4.6 0.8 6.2 5.1 1.1 2013 March -1.6 4.7 3.7 1.0 6.3 5.1 1.2 June 4.7 8.6 7.2 1.4 3.9 3.2 0.7 September -0.5 4.8 4.0 0.8 5.3 4.6 0.7 December -0.8 5.3 4.6 0.7 6.1 5.0 1.1 2014 March -2.7 4.1 3.4 0.7 6.8 5.5 1.3 June 5.6 9.3 7.4 1.9 3.7 3.0 0.7 September -0.7 4.7 3.9 0.8 5.4 4.7 0.7 December -0.6 5.4 4.6 0.8 6.0 4.9 1.1 2015 March -2.0 4.3 3.5 0.8 6.3 5.2 1.1 June 5.1 8.9 7.3 1.6 3.8 3.1 0.7 September -0.8 4.6 3.8 0.8 5.4 4.7 0.7 December -0.6 5.6 4.7 0.9 6.2 5.0 1.2 2016 March -2.0 4.3 3.5 0.8 6.3 5.1 1.2 June 4.4 8.5 7.1 1.4 4.1 3.3 0.8 September 0.0 5.3 4.3 1.0 5.3 4.6 0.7 December -0.8 5.4 4.6 0.8 6.2 5.1 1.1 2017 March -1.4 4.5 3.6 0.9 5.9 5.1 0.8 June 4.3 8.2 7.2 1.0 3.9 3.2 0.7 September -0.8 4.6 3.8 0.8 5.4 4.7 0.7 December -0.7 5.4 4.6 0.8 6.1 5.0 1.1 2018 March -1.9 4.1 3.3 0.8 6.0 4.9 1.1 June 4.4 8.3 7.0 1.3 3.9 3.3 0.6 September -0.9 4.6 3.9 0.7 5.5 4.8 0.7 December -0.6 5.3 4.5 0.8 5.9 4.9 1.0 2019 March -2.2 4.0 3.3 0.7 6.2 5.1 1.1 June 4.4 8.5 7.1 1.4 4.1 3.4 0.7 September -1.1 4.5 3.7 0.8 5.6 4.9 0.7 December -0.6 5.5 4.7 0.8 6.1 5.0 1.1 2020 March -2.8 3.9 3.1 0.8 6.7 5.5 1.2 June -6.9 6.1 4.9 1.2 13.0 11.4 1.6 September 2.5 7.6 6.5 1.1 5.1 4.3 0.8 December -1.1 6.6 5.5 1.1 7.7 6.3 1.4 2021 March 0.8 6.8 5.5 1.3 6.0 4.9 1.1 June 4.6 8.8 7.4 1.4 4.2 3.4 0.8 September -0.8 5.5 4.5 1.0 6.3 5.1 1.2 December 1.1 6.8 5.5 1.3 5.7 4.6 1.1 2022 March -1.6 4.8 3.9 0.9 6.4 5.2 1.2 June 4.2 9.1 7.6 1.5 4.9 3.7 1.2 September -0.1 5.6 4.3 1.3 5.7 4.8 0.9 December -0.7 5.6 4.6 1.0 6.3 5.0 1.3 2023 March -1.4 4.4 3.4 1.0 5.8 4.8 1.0 June 4.5 8.8 7.4 1.4 4.3 3.3 1.0 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels. (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.