Table 4. Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), not seasonally adjusted Gasoline Stations (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September -0.1 8.3 6.4 1.9 8.4 6.5 1.9 December -2.1 7.1 5.5 1.6 9.2 7.5 1.7 1993 March -1.6 8.5 5.8 2.7 10.1 7.4 2.7 June 2.8 9.9 8.2 1.7 7.1 5.3 1.8 September 0.9 8.9 7.2 1.7 8.0 6.3 1.7 December -1.7 7.3 5.8 1.5 9.0 7.3 1.7 1994 March -0.1 8.8 6.8 2.0 8.9 6.9 2.0 June 3.1 10.1 8.3 1.8 7.0 5.4 1.6 September 0.5 8.6 7.0 1.6 8.1 6.7 1.4 December -0.8 7.9 6.3 1.6 8.7 7.2 1.5 1995 March -0.3 8.6 6.7 1.9 8.9 7.1 1.8 June 3.0 10.3 8.2 2.1 7.3 5.4 1.9 September 1.0 9.2 7.4 1.8 8.2 6.6 1.6 December -1.0 7.9 6.2 1.7 8.9 7.4 1.5 1996 March -0.7 8.2 6.4 1.8 8.9 7.1 1.8 June 3.1 9.9 8.0 1.9 6.8 5.4 1.4 September 0.5 8.4 6.7 1.7 7.9 6.5 1.4 December -0.7 7.7 6.1 1.6 8.4 7.1 1.3 1997 March -1.5 7.7 5.7 2.0 9.2 7.2 2.0 June 2.6 9.4 7.8 1.6 6.8 5.4 1.4 September 0.3 8.3 6.9 1.4 8.0 6.3 1.7 December -1.2 8.1 6.1 2.0 9.3 7.6 1.7 1998 March -1.4 8.4 6.1 2.3 9.8 7.4 2.4 June 2.6 10.4 8.1 2.3 7.8 6.2 1.6 September 0.4 8.7 7.0 1.7 8.3 6.7 1.6 December -1.3 8.0 6.2 1.8 9.3 7.4 1.9 1999 March -1.5 7.9 6.1 1.8 9.4 7.3 2.1 June 2.8 9.8 8.1 1.7 7.0 5.6 1.4 September 0.0 8.4 6.7 1.7 8.4 6.8 1.6 December -0.9 7.8 6.1 1.7 8.7 7.0 1.7 2000 March -2.0 8.2 5.8 2.4 10.2 7.8 2.4 June 2.4 9.8 7.9 1.9 7.4 5.7 1.7 September -0.4 7.9 6.4 1.5 8.3 6.7 1.6 December -1.8 6.8 5.5 1.3 8.6 7.2 1.4 2001 March -1.9 7.7 5.9 1.8 9.6 7.3 2.3 June 2.2 9.2 7.4 1.8 7.0 5.5 1.5 September -1.2 7.5 6.0 1.5 8.7 6.9 1.8 December -2.1 7.1 5.5 1.6 9.2 7.5 1.7 2002 March -2.0 7.2 5.3 1.9 9.2 7.3 1.9 June 2.0 8.8 7.2 1.6 6.8 5.3 1.5 September -0.4 7.3 5.9 1.4 7.7 6.3 1.4 December -2.7 6.6 5.0 1.6 9.3 7.1 2.2 2003 March -2.0 7.1 5.4 1.7 9.1 6.9 2.2 June 2.5 8.9 7.4 1.5 6.4 4.9 1.5 September -0.5 7.4 5.9 1.5 7.9 6.4 1.5 December -1.4 7.2 5.6 1.6 8.6 6.8 1.8 2004 March -1.6 7.4 5.5 1.9 9.0 7.0 2.0 June 2.4 9.1 7.5 1.6 6.7 5.1 1.6 September -1.1 7.3 5.7 1.6 8.4 6.3 2.1 December -1.2 7.1 5.5 1.6 8.3 6.7 1.6 2005 March -1.8 6.8 5.2 1.6 8.6 6.9 1.7 June 2.4 8.9 7.3 1.6 6.5 5.0 1.5 September -0.7 7.2 5.9 1.3 7.9 6.2 1.7 December -1.5 6.8 5.4 1.4 8.3 6.8 1.5 2006 March -1.1 7.0 5.5 1.5 8.1 6.5 1.6 June 2.8 9.2 7.7 1.5 6.4 4.9 1.5 September -1.0 6.9 5.5 1.4 7.9 6.4 1.5 December -1.7 6.7 5.3 1.4 8.4 6.9 1.5 2007 March -0.9 7.1 5.7 1.4 8.0 6.4 1.6 June 2.6 8.8 7.4 1.4 6.2 4.9 1.3 September -0.8 6.8 5.6 1.2 7.6 6.2 1.4 December -1.4 6.5 5.2 1.3 7.9 6.5 1.4 2008 March -2.0 6.2 4.9 1.3 8.2 6.7 1.5 June 1.3 7.8 6.5 1.3 6.5 5.2 1.3 September -1.0 6.4 5.2 1.2 7.4 5.9 1.5 December -1.4 6.2 4.8 1.4 7.6 6.2 1.4 2009 March -2.1 5.9 4.5 1.4 8.0 6.4 1.6 June 2.1 7.8 6.4 1.4 5.7 4.5 1.2 September -0.5 6.0 4.8 1.2 6.5 5.4 1.1 December -1.8 5.4 4.3 1.1 7.2 6.0 1.2 2010 March -1.6 5.6 4.3 1.3 7.2 5.7 1.5 June 3.0 8.0 6.7 1.3 5.0 3.9 1.1 September 0.1 6.3 5.1 1.2 6.2 5.1 1.1 December -1.2 5.6 4.5 1.1 6.8 5.6 1.2 2011 March -1.5 6.0 4.7 1.3 7.5 6.1 1.4 June 2.6 7.8 6.6 1.2 5.2 4.0 1.2 September 0.2 6.4 5.2 1.2 6.2 5.0 1.2 December -0.9 5.8 4.5 1.3 6.7 5.6 1.1 2012 March -0.6 6.0 4.7 1.3 6.6 5.3 1.3 June 3.3 8.3 6.9 1.4 5.0 3.9 1.1 September -0.1 6.2 5.0 1.2 6.3 5.1 1.2 December -0.5 5.9 4.6 1.3 6.4 5.3 1.1 2013 March -0.6 6.0 4.7 1.3 6.6 5.4 1.2 June 3.3 8.0 6.9 1.1 4.7 3.6 1.1 September 0.2 6.2 5.1 1.1 6.0 5.0 1.0 December -1.0 5.5 4.4 1.1 6.5 5.4 1.1 2014 March -0.9 5.8 4.7 1.1 6.7 5.5 1.2 June 3.1 8.2 7.0 1.2 5.1 4.0 1.1 September 0.0 6.1 5.0 1.1 6.1 5.1 1.0 December -0.1 6.2 5.1 1.1 6.3 5.3 1.0 2015 March -0.6 6.0 4.8 1.2 6.6 5.4 1.2 June 3.2 8.0 6.9 1.1 4.8 3.9 0.9 September 0.2 6.6 5.3 1.3 6.4 5.3 1.1 December -0.1 6.2 5.2 1.0 6.3 5.3 1.0 2016 March -1.2 5.6 4.6 1.0 6.8 5.9 0.9 June 2.6 7.6 6.5 1.1 5.0 4.1 0.9 September 0.1 6.2 5.2 1.0 6.1 5.2 0.9 December -1.1 5.4 4.4 1.0 6.5 5.6 0.9 2017 March -0.8 6.2 5.0 1.2 7.0 5.9 1.1 June 2.9 7.9 6.8 1.1 5.0 4.1 0.9 September -0.8 5.7 4.8 0.9 6.5 5.6 0.9 December -0.3 5.9 4.9 1.0 6.2 5.3 0.9 2018 March -1.8 5.6 4.4 1.2 7.4 6.4 1.0 June 2.4 8.0 6.7 1.3 5.6 4.5 1.1 September -0.6 5.7 4.7 1.0 6.3 5.4 0.9 December -1.1 5.8 4.7 1.1 6.9 5.3 1.6 2019 March -0.7 5.9 4.5 1.4 6.6 5.5 1.1 June 2.5 7.6 6.5 1.1 5.1 4.1 1.0 September -0.2 5.8 4.9 0.9 6.0 5.1 0.9 December -0.3 5.8 4.8 1.0 6.1 5.2 0.9 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels. (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.