Table 4. Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), not seasonally adjusted Accommodation (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September -1.5 6.3 4.5 1.8 7.8 6.1 1.7 December -6.1 6.1 4.6 1.5 12.2 9.9 2.3 1993 March -0.3 7.0 5.1 1.9 7.3 5.5 1.8 June 8.9 14.5 12.0 2.5 5.6 4.2 1.4 September -1.0 6.4 4.7 1.7 7.4 5.8 1.6 December -5.5 6.8 5.1 1.7 12.3 9.8 2.5 1994 March 0.8 7.7 5.3 2.4 6.9 5.1 1.8 June 8.4 13.9 11.3 2.6 5.5 4.2 1.3 September -0.9 6.3 4.6 1.7 7.2 6.0 1.2 December -6.0 5.8 4.6 1.2 11.8 9.7 2.1 1995 March 0.3 7.5 5.9 1.6 7.2 5.3 1.9 June 8.9 14.2 11.3 2.9 5.3 4.1 1.2 September -1.3 6.1 4.7 1.4 7.4 6.0 1.4 December -5.3 6.3 5.1 1.2 11.6 9.4 2.2 1996 March 0.5 7.7 5.8 1.9 7.2 5.4 1.8 June 8.8 14.5 11.4 3.1 5.7 4.3 1.4 September -1.9 5.9 4.3 1.6 7.8 6.4 1.4 December -4.9 6.3 4.8 1.5 11.2 9.0 2.2 1997 March 0.4 7.4 5.7 1.7 7.0 5.1 1.9 June 8.4 13.9 10.6 3.3 5.5 4.2 1.3 September -1.5 6.5 4.7 1.8 8.0 6.3 1.7 December -5.2 6.1 4.6 1.5 11.3 9.0 2.3 1998 March 0.1 8.5 5.7 2.8 8.4 5.6 2.8 June 8.1 14.4 11.2 3.2 6.3 4.6 1.7 September -1.2 6.5 4.5 2.0 7.7 5.8 1.9 December -4.8 6.0 5.0 1.0 10.8 8.8 2.0 1999 March 0.0 7.1 5.6 1.5 7.1 5.2 1.9 June 8.4 13.5 10.6 2.9 5.1 4.1 1.0 September -1.2 6.0 4.7 1.3 7.2 6.0 1.2 December -4.5 5.7 4.6 1.1 10.2 8.4 1.8 2000 March -0.3 6.6 4.9 1.7 6.9 5.1 1.8 June 8.3 13.4 10.8 2.6 5.1 3.9 1.2 September -1.6 5.8 4.3 1.5 7.4 6.1 1.3 December -5.4 5.4 4.4 1.0 10.8 9.0 1.8 2001 March -0.9 6.4 4.9 1.5 7.3 4.9 2.4 June 6.5 12.8 10.3 2.5 6.3 4.7 1.6 September -3.2 4.8 3.5 1.3 8.0 7.0 1.0 December -10.5 3.8 3.0 0.8 14.3 12.6 1.7 2002 March 0.8 7.3 5.8 1.5 6.5 5.0 1.5 June 8.8 13.6 11.1 2.5 4.8 3.8 1.0 September -2.3 4.8 3.8 1.0 7.1 6.1 1.0 December -5.3 5.1 4.2 0.9 10.4 8.8 1.6 2003 March -0.9 5.7 4.7 1.0 6.6 5.0 1.6 June 6.7 12.2 10.1 2.1 5.5 4.4 1.1 September -1.8 5.2 4.1 1.1 7.0 6.0 1.0 December -4.8 5.2 4.3 0.9 10.0 8.4 1.6 2004 March -0.6 5.7 4.6 1.1 6.3 4.7 1.6 June 8.1 12.8 10.6 2.2 4.7 3.8 0.9 September -1.9 5.1 4.0 1.1 7.0 5.9 1.1 December -5.0 5.1 4.3 0.8 10.1 8.4 1.7 2005 March -0.4 5.7 4.5 1.2 6.1 4.5 1.6 June 8.3 13.2 11.0 2.2 4.9 3.8 1.1 September -1.6 5.4 4.1 1.3 7.0 5.9 1.1 December -6.2 5.1 4.2 0.9 11.3 9.5 1.8 2006 March 0.4 6.2 5.0 1.2 5.8 4.3 1.5 June 8.1 12.8 10.7 2.1 4.7 3.7 1.0 September -1.8 5.0 4.0 1.0 6.8 5.9 0.9 December -4.6 5.1 4.3 0.8 9.7 8.3 1.4 2007 March -0.1 5.5 4.5 1.0 5.6 4.5 1.1 June 7.7 12.4 10.4 2.0 4.7 3.9 0.8 September -2.3 4.8 3.8 1.0 7.1 6.2 0.9 December -4.0 5.5 4.6 0.9 9.5 8.1 1.4 2008 March -0.6 5.6 4.5 1.1 6.2 4.7 1.5 June 6.7 11.5 9.6 1.9 4.8 4.1 0.7 September -3.0 4.4 3.4 1.0 7.4 6.6 0.8 December -6.6 4.7 3.9 0.8 11.3 9.9 1.4 2009 March -4.2 3.9 3.0 0.9 8.1 7.1 1.0 June 5.8 11.3 9.4 1.9 5.5 4.7 0.8 September -2.2 4.5 3.5 1.0 6.7 6.0 0.7 December -5.0 5.1 4.4 0.7 10.1 8.8 1.3 2010 March -0.8 4.7 3.9 0.8 5.5 4.5 1.0 June 8.4 12.5 10.8 1.7 4.1 3.5 0.6 September -2.0 4.4 3.6 0.8 6.4 5.6 0.8 December -4.4 5.2 4.5 0.7 9.6 8.4 1.2 2011 March -0.3 4.7 4.0 0.7 5.0 4.0 1.0 June 8.3 12.5 10.7 1.8 4.2 3.5 0.7 September -1.4 4.6 3.7 0.9 6.0 5.3 0.7 December -5.6 4.2 3.6 0.6 9.8 8.4 1.4 2012 March 0.2 5.0 4.2 0.8 4.8 3.9 0.9 June 8.9 12.6 10.9 1.7 3.7 3.1 0.6 September -2.3 4.1 3.3 0.8 6.4 5.7 0.7 December -5.3 4.1 3.6 0.5 9.4 8.2 1.2 2013 March 0.3 5.1 4.3 0.8 4.8 3.8 1.0 June 8.5 12.4 10.6 1.8 3.9 3.3 0.6 September -2.3 4.1 3.3 0.8 6.4 5.7 0.7 December -4.8 4.6 3.9 0.7 9.4 8.0 1.4 2014 March 0.1 5.0 4.2 0.8 4.9 3.8 1.1 June 8.3 12.4 10.7 1.7 4.1 3.4 0.7 September -2.5 4.2 3.5 0.7 6.7 5.9 0.8 December -4.7 4.7 4.0 0.7 9.4 7.9 1.5 2015 March 0.1 5.0 4.1 0.9 4.9 3.9 1.0 June 8.0 12.1 10.5 1.6 4.1 3.4 0.7 September -2.0 4.2 3.4 0.8 6.2 5.5 0.7 December -4.8 4.6 3.9 0.7 9.4 8.1 1.3 2016 March -0.2 4.9 4.1 0.8 5.1 4.1 1.0 June 7.9 12.0 10.3 1.7 4.1 3.4 0.7 September -1.9 4.4 3.6 0.8 6.3 5.6 0.7 December -5.2 4.3 3.7 0.6 9.5 8.2 1.3 2017 March 0.5 5.3 4.4 0.9 4.8 3.9 0.9 June 8.3 12.4 10.9 1.5 4.1 3.4 0.7 September -3.2 3.9 3.1 0.8 7.1 6.3 0.8 December -4.6 4.5 3.9 0.6 9.1 7.9 1.2 2018 March 0.5 5.1 4.2 0.9 4.6 3.8 0.8 June 8.1 12.2 10.7 1.5 4.1 3.5 0.6 September -2.6 4.2 3.5 0.7 6.8 6.1 0.7 December -4.1 4.8 4.1 0.7 8.9 7.7 1.2 2019 March 0.1 5.0 4.2 0.8 4.9 4.0 0.9 June 7.7 11.9 10.4 1.5 4.2 3.6 0.6 September -3.0 3.9 3.2 0.7 6.9 6.2 0.7 December -4.2 4.5 3.8 0.7 8.7 7.5 1.2 2020 March -1.9 4.4 3.5 0.9 6.3 5.3 1.0 June -53.2 5.2 3.9 1.3 58.4 55.4 3.0 September 11.8 22.4 20.1 2.3 10.6 9.3 1.3 December -3.5 10.9 9.6 1.3 14.4 12.8 1.6 2021 March 1.8 10.0 8.6 1.4 8.2 6.9 1.3 June 20.7 25.2 23.0 2.2 4.5 3.5 1.0 September 5.0 11.5 10.2 1.3 6.5 5.4 1.1 December -1.6 7.7 6.6 1.1 9.3 7.7 1.6 2022 March 1.7 7.2 5.8 1.4 5.5 4.1 1.4 June 10.9 15.6 13.6 2.0 4.7 3.4 1.3 September 0.0 6.8 5.5 1.3 6.8 5.6 1.2 December -3.1 6.0 5.0 1.0 9.1 7.7 1.4 2023 March 0.8 6.0 5.0 1.0 5.2 3.9 1.3 June 8.7 13.4 11.7 1.7 4.7 3.7 1.0 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels. (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.