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Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey

See also other file formats and annual average tables or tables for other years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
45. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by occupation and industry
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation and industry 2023
Workers paid hourly rates
Total Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below prevailing
Federal minimum
wage
Number Percent of
hourly-paid
workers

Total wage and salary workers

80,538 789 81 869 1.1

OCCUPATION

Management, professional, and related occupations

19,790 52 4 56 0.3

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

6,195 20 1 21 0.3

Management occupations

3,670 13 1 14 0.4

Business and financial operations occupations

2,525 7 0 7 0.3

Professional and related occupations

13,594 32 3 35 0.3

Computer and mathematical occupations

1,361 5 0 5 0.4

Architecture and engineering occupations

1,063 3 0 3 0.2

Life, physical, and social science occupations

522 0 0 0 0.0

Community and social service occupations

1,118 0 0 0 0.0

Legal occupations

310 1 0 1 0.4

Education, training, and library occupations

2,716 9 3 12 0.4

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations

885 5 0 5 0.6

Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations

5,620 9 0 9 0.2

Service occupations

19,036 627 49 676 3.5

Healthcare support occupations

4,128 28 3 31 0.7

Protective service occupations

2,104 15 1 17 0.8

Food preparation and serving related occupations

7,112 539 34 573 8.1

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations

3,673 15 2 17 0.5

Personal care and service occupations

2,019 29 8 37 1.9

Sales and office occupations

17,588 48 14 62 0.4

Sales and related occupations

6,994 22 11 33 0.5

Office and administrative support occupations

10,594 26 3 29 0.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

9,117 16 3 19 0.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

648 0 3 3 0.5

Construction and extraction occupations

5,201 13 0 13 0.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

3,268 3 0 3 0.1

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

15,007 47 10 56 0.4

Production occupations

6,636 20 0 20 0.3

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,372 27 10 37 0.4

INDUSTRY

Private sector

70,935 761 77 839 1.2

Agriculture and related industries

820 0 3 4 0.4

Nonagricultural industries

70,116 761 74 835 1.2

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

331 0 0 0 0.1

Construction

5,667 14 0 14 0.2

Manufacturing

8,917 23 2 24 0.3

Durable goods

5,673 12 0 12 0.2

Nondurable goods

3,244 10 2 12 0.4

Wholesale and retail trade

12,329 38 7 45 0.4

Wholesale trade

1,448 3 0 3 0.2

Retail trade

10,881 35 7 42 0.4

Transportation and utilities

4,513 20 2 22 0.5

Transportation and warehousing

3,933 18 2 20 0.5

Utilities

580 2 0 2 0.3

Information(1)

900 4 2 6 0.7

Publishing, except Internet

118 1 0 1 1.2

Motion pictures and sound recording industries

191 1 2 3 1.5

Broadcasting (except internet)

93 0 0 0 0.4

Telecommunications

378 0 0 0 0.0

Financial activities

3,180 9 0 9 0.3

Finance and insurance

2,245 5 0 5 0.2

Finance

1,364 4 0 4 0.3

Insurance

882 2 0 2 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

935 4 0 4 0.4

Professional and business services

6,645 24 1 25 0.4

Professional and technical services

3,068 11 0 11 0.4

Management, administrative, and waste services

3,577 12 1 14 0.4

Education and health services

14,451 49 11 60 0.4

Educational services

1,971 15 2 17 0.9

Health care and social assistance

12,481 34 9 43 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

9,892 556 47 603 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,669 25 4 28 1.7

Accommodation and food services

8,223 531 43 575 7.0

Accommodation

913 14 2 16 1.7

Food services and drinking places

7,310 517 42 559 7.6

Other services

3,291 25 2 27 0.8

Other services, except private households

2,818 19 2 22 0.8

Private households

473 6 0 6 1.2

Public sector

9,603 27 3 31 0.3

Federal government

1,947 8 0 8 0.4

State government

2,981 10 1 11 0.4

Local government

4,675 10 2 12 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.

NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $7.25 per hour in 2023. Data are for wage and salary workers; all self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. The data refer to a person's earnings on the sole or principal job, and pertain only to workers who are paid hourly rates. Salaried workers and other non-hourly workers are not included. Hourly earnings for hourly-paid workers do not include overtime pay, commissions, or tips received. The presence of workers with hourly earnings below the minimum wage does not necessarily indicate violation of the Fair Labor Standards Act, as there are exceptions to the minimum wage provisions of the law. In addition, some survey respondents may have rounded hourly earnings to the nearest dollar and, as a result, reported hourly earnings below the minimum wage even though they earned the minimum wage or higher. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

 

Last Modified Date: January 26, 2024