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Characteristic | Civilian noninsti- tutional population |
Civilian labor force | Not in labor force |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Participation rate |
Employed | Unemployed | |||||
Total | Percent of population |
Total | Rate | |||||
Age |
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Total, 16 years and over |
266,942 | 167,116 | 62.6 | 161,037 | 60.3 | 6,080 | 3.6 | 99,826 |
With a certification or license(1) |
45,138 | 39,515 | 87.5 | 38,793 | 85.9 | 722 | 1.8 | 5,623 |
With a certification, but no license |
4,671 | 4,114 | 88.1 | 4,018 | 86.0 | 96 | 2.3 | 557 |
With a license(2) |
40,468 | 35,401 | 87.5 | 34,775 | 85.9 | 627 | 1.8 | 5,067 |
Without a certification or license |
221,804 | 127,601 | 57.5 | 122,244 | 55.1 | 5,357 | 4.2 | 94,202 |
16 to 24 years |
39,339 | 22,129 | 56.3 | 20,372 | 51.8 | 1,757 | 7.9 | 17,210 |
With a certification or license(1) |
2,410 | 2,112 | 87.6 | 2,029 | 84.2 | 83 | 3.9 | 298 |
With a certification, but no license |
263 | 231 | 87.9 | 219 | 83.3 | 12 | 5.2 | 32 |
With a license(2) |
2,147 | 1,881 | 87.6 | 1,810 | 84.3 | 71 | 3.8 | 266 |
Without a certification or license |
36,929 | 20,017 | 54.2 | 18,343 | 49.7 | 1,674 | 8.4 | 16,912 |
25 to 54 years |
127,941 | 106,541 | 83.3 | 103,223 | 80.7 | 3,318 | 3.1 | 21,400 |
With a certification or license(1) |
29,134 | 27,403 | 94.1 | 26,945 | 92.5 | 458 | 1.7 | 1,730 |
With a certification, but no license |
3,155 | 2,953 | 93.6 | 2,893 | 91.7 | 60 | 2.0 | 203 |
With a license(2) |
25,978 | 24,451 | 94.1 | 24,052 | 92.6 | 398 | 1.6 | 1,528 |
Without a certification or license |
98,807 | 79,138 | 80.1 | 76,278 | 77.2 | 2,860 | 3.6 | 19,669 |
55 years and over |
99,662 | 38,447 | 38.6 | 37,441 | 37.6 | 1,005 | 2.6 | 61,215 |
With a certification or license(1) |
13,595 | 10,000 | 73.6 | 9,818 | 72.2 | 182 | 1.8 | 3,595 |
With a certification, but no license |
1,253 | 930 | 74.3 | 906 | 72.3 | 24 | 2.6 | 322 |
With a license(2) |
12,342 | 9,070 | 73.5 | 8,912 | 72.2 | 158 | 1.7 | 3,272 |
Without a certification or license |
86,068 | 28,447 | 33.1 | 27,623 | 32.1 | 824 | 2.9 | 57,621 |
Sex |
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Men, 16 years and over |
130,476 | 88,877 | 68.1 | 85,500 | 65.5 | 3,377 | 3.8 | 41,599 |
With a certification or license(1) |
20,500 | 18,375 | 89.6 | 18,029 | 87.9 | 346 | 1.9 | 2,126 |
With a certification, but no license |
2,619 | 2,359 | 90.1 | 2,301 | 87.8 | 58 | 2.5 | 260 |
With a license(2) |
17,881 | 16,016 | 89.6 | 15,728 | 88.0 | 288 | 1.8 | 1,865 |
Without a certification or license |
109,976 | 70,503 | 64.1 | 67,471 | 61.4 | 3,031 | 4.3 | 39,473 |
Women, 16 years and over |
136,466 | 78,239 | 57.3 | 75,537 | 55.4 | 2,702 | 3.5 | 58,227 |
With a certification or license(1) |
24,638 | 21,141 | 85.8 | 20,764 | 84.3 | 376 | 1.8 | 3,498 |
With a certification, but no license |
2,051 | 1,755 | 85.6 | 1,718 | 83.7 | 38 | 2.1 | 296 |
With a license(2) |
22,587 | 19,385 | 85.8 | 19,047 | 84.3 | 339 | 1.7 | 3,201 |
Without a certification or license |
111,828 | 57,099 | 51.1 | 54,772 | 49.0 | 2,326 | 4.1 | 54,729 |
Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
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White, 16 years and over |
204,515 | 127,327 | 62.3 | 123,165 | 60.2 | 4,162 | 3.3 | 77,188 |
With a certification or license(1) |
35,384 | 30,893 | 87.3 | 30,375 | 85.8 | 518 | 1.7 | 4,491 |
With a certification, but no license |
3,582 | 3,164 | 88.3 | 3,103 | 86.6 | 62 | 1.9 | 418 |
With a license(2) |
31,802 | 27,729 | 87.2 | 27,272 | 85.8 | 457 | 1.6 | 4,073 |
Without a certification or license |
169,131 | 96,434 | 57.0 | 92,791 | 54.9 | 3,644 | 3.8 | 72,697 |
Black or African American, 16 years and over |
34,667 | 21,886 | 63.1 | 20,674 | 59.6 | 1,212 | 5.5 | 12,781 |
With a certification or license(1) |
5,605 | 4,937 | 88.1 | 4,800 | 85.6 | 137 | 2.8 | 668 |
With a certification, but no license |
573 | 497 | 86.8 | 473 | 82.6 | 24 | 4.9 | 76 |
With a license(2) |
5,032 | 4,440 | 88.2 | 4,327 | 86.0 | 113 | 2.5 | 592 |
Without a certification or license |
29,062 | 16,949 | 58.3 | 15,875 | 54.6 | 1,074 | 6.3 | 12,113 |
Asian, 16 years and over |
17,591 | 11,439 | 65.0 | 11,096 | 63.1 | 344 | 3.0 | 6,152 |
With a certification or license(1) |
2,663 | 2,405 | 90.3 | 2,372 | 89.1 | 33 | 1.4 | 258 |
With a certification, but no license |
368 | 330 | 89.6 | 323 | 87.6 | 8 | 2.3 | 38 |
With a license(2) |
2,294 | 2,075 | 90.4 | 2,049 | 89.3 | 26 | 1.2 | 220 |
Without a certification or license |
14,928 | 9,034 | 60.5 | 8,724 | 58.4 | 310 | 3.4 | 5,894 |
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 16 years and over |
47,532 | 31,818 | 66.9 | 30,343 | 63.8 | 1,475 | 4.6 | 15,714 |
With a certification or license(1) |
5,253 | 4,687 | 89.2 | 4,578 | 87.1 | 110 | 2.3 | 566 |
With a certification, but no license |
585 | 511 | 87.4 | 499 | 85.3 | 12 | 2.4 | 73 |
With a license(2) |
4,669 | 4,176 | 89.5 | 4,079 | 87.4 | 97 | 2.3 | 493 |
Without a certification or license |
42,279 | 27,131 | 64.2 | 25,765 | 60.9 | 1,365 | 5.0 | 15,148 |
Educational attainment |
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Total, 25 years and over |
227,603 | 144,988 | 63.7 | 140,664 | 61.8 | 4,323 | 3.0 | 82,615 |
With a certification or license(1) |
42,728 | 37,403 | 87.5 | 36,764 | 86.0 | 640 | 1.7 | 5,325 |
With a certification, but no license |
4,408 | 3,883 | 88.1 | 3,799 | 86.2 | 84 | 2.2 | 525 |
With a license(2) |
38,320 | 33,520 | 87.5 | 32,964 | 86.0 | 556 | 1.7 | 4,800 |
Without a certification or license |
184,875 | 107,584 | 58.2 | 103,901 | 56.2 | 3,684 | 3.4 | 77,290 |
Less than a high school diploma |
19,480 | 9,180 | 47.1 | 8,669 | 44.5 | 511 | 5.6 | 10,300 |
With a certification or license(1) |
824 | 675 | 81.9 | 655 | 79.4 | 20 | 3.0 | 150 |
With a certification, but no license |
96 | 75 | 77.9 | 71 | 74.1 | 4 | 4.8 | 21 |
With a license(2) |
729 | 600 | 82.4 | 584 | 80.1 | 16 | 2.7 | 128 |
Without a certification or license |
18,656 | 8,506 | 45.6 | 8,014 | 43.0 | 491 | 5.8 | 10,151 |
High school graduates, no college(3) |
63,419 | 35,928 | 56.7 | 34,529 | 54.4 | 1,399 | 3.9 | 27,491 |
With a certification or license(1) |
5,790 | 5,051 | 87.2 | 4,929 | 85.1 | 122 | 2.4 | 739 |
With a certification, but no license |
579 | 501 | 86.5 | 491 | 84.8 | 10 | 1.9 | 78 |
With a license(2) |
5,211 | 4,550 | 87.3 | 4,437 | 85.2 | 113 | 2.5 | 660 |
Without a certification or license |
57,629 | 30,877 | 53.6 | 29,600 | 51.4 | 1,277 | 4.1 | 26,752 |
Some college or associate degree |
56,926 | 35,803 | 62.9 | 34,714 | 61.0 | 1,089 | 3.0 | 21,123 |
With a certification or license(1) |
10,908 | 9,421 | 86.4 | 9,218 | 84.5 | 203 | 2.2 | 1,487 |
With a certification, but no license |
1,276 | 1,100 | 86.2 | 1,069 | 83.8 | 31 | 2.8 | 176 |
With a license(2) |
9,632 | 8,321 | 86.4 | 8,149 | 84.6 | 172 | 2.1 | 1,311 |
Without a certification or license |
46,018 | 26,381 | 57.3 | 25,496 | 55.4 | 886 | 3.4 | 19,637 |
Some college, no degree |
32,847 | 19,911 | 60.6 | 19,256 | 58.6 | 655 | 3.3 | 12,936 |
With a certification or license(1) |
4,938 | 4,248 | 86.0 | 4,149 | 84.0 | 98 | 2.3 | 690 |
With a certification, but no license |
677 | 575 | 84.9 | 555 | 82.0 | 19 | 3.4 | 102 |
With a license(2) |
4,262 | 3,673 | 86.2 | 3,594 | 84.3 | 79 | 2.2 | 588 |
Without a certification or license |
27,909 | 15,663 | 56.1 | 15,107 | 54.1 | 556 | 3.6 | 12,245 |
Associate degree |
24,079 | 15,891 | 66.0 | 15,457 | 64.2 | 434 | 2.7 | 8,187 |
With a certification or license(1) |
5,970 | 5,173 | 86.7 | 5,069 | 84.9 | 105 | 2.0 | 796 |
With a certification, but no license |
599 | 526 | 87.7 | 514 | 85.8 | 12 | 2.2 | 74 |
With a license(2) |
5,370 | 4,648 | 86.5 | 4,555 | 84.8 | 93 | 2.0 | 723 |
Without a certification or license |
18,109 | 10,718 | 59.2 | 10,389 | 57.4 | 329 | 3.1 | 7,391 |
Bachelor's degree and higher |
87,778 | 64,077 | 73.0 | 62,752 | 71.5 | 1,324 | 2.1 | 23,701 |
With a certification or license(1) |
25,206 | 22,256 | 88.3 | 21,962 | 87.1 | 294 | 1.3 | 2,950 |
With a certification, but no license |
2,457 | 2,207 | 89.8 | 2,168 | 88.2 | 40 | 1.8 | 250 |
With a license(2) |
22,749 | 20,049 | 88.1 | 19,794 | 87.0 | 255 | 1.3 | 2,700 |
Without a certification or license |
62,572 | 41,821 | 66.8 | 40,790 | 65.2 | 1,030 | 2.5 | 20,751 |
Bachelor's degree only |
54,106 | 39,357 | 72.7 | 38,489 | 71.1 | 868 | 2.2 | 14,749 |
With a certification or license(1) |
11,954 | 10,654 | 89.1 | 10,491 | 87.8 | 162 | 1.5 | 1,301 |
With a certification, but no license |
1,410 | 1,283 | 91.0 | 1,262 | 89.5 | 21 | 1.6 | 127 |
With a license(2) |
10,544 | 9,371 | 88.9 | 9,229 | 87.5 | 141 | 1.5 | 1,174 |
Without a certification or license |
42,151 | 28,703 | 68.1 | 27,998 | 66.4 | 706 | 2.5 | 13,448 |
Advanced degree(4) |
33,672 | 24,720 | 73.4 | 24,263 | 72.1 | 456 | 1.8 | 8,953 |
With a certification or license(1) |
13,252 | 11,602 | 87.6 | 11,471 | 86.6 | 132 | 1.1 | 1,650 |
With a certification, but no license |
1,047 | 924 | 88.3 | 906 | 86.5 | 19 | 2.0 | 123 |
With a license(2) |
12,205 | 10,678 | 87.5 | 10,565 | 86.6 | 113 | 1.1 | 1,527 |
Without a certification or license |
20,420 | 13,117 | 64.2 | 12,793 | 62.6 | 324 | 2.5 | 7,303 |
Footnotes |
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NOTE: Certifications are issued by a non-governmental certification body and convey that an individual has the knowledge or skill to perform a specific job. A license is awarded by a government agency and conveys a legal authority to work in an occupation. Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. |
Last Modified Date: January 26, 2024