Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until	        USDL-22-0344
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, March 4, 2022

Technical information: 
 Household data:      (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:  (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:	      (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                  THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- FEBRUARY 2022


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 678,000 in February, and the unemployment
rate edged down to 3.8 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Job growth was widespread, led by gains in leisure and hospitality, professional 
and business services, health care, and construction.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey
measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics.
The establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry.
For more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two
surveys, see the Technical Note.

Household Survey Data

In February, the unemployment rate edged down to 3.8 percent, and the number of
unemployed persons edged down to 6.3 million. In February 2020, prior to the coronavirus
(COVID-19) pandemic, the unemployment rate was 3.5 percent, and the number of unemployed
persons was 5.7 million. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.5 percent) and
Hispanics (4.4 percent) declined in February. The jobless rates for adult women (3.6
percent), teenagers (10.3 percent), Whites (3.3 percent), Blacks (6.6 percent), and Asians
(3.1 percent) showed little or no change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of persons on temporary layoff, at 888,000 in February,
was little changed over the month. The number of permanent job losers, at 1.6 million in
February, also changed little. Both measures are higher than their February 2020 levels
of 780,000 and 1.3 million, respectively. (See table A-11.)

In February, the number of persons jobless less than 5 weeks declined by 286,000 to 2.1
million. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was
essentially unchanged at 1.7 million. This measure is 581,000 higher than in February
2020. The long-term unemployed accounted for 26.7 percent of the total unemployed in
February 2022. (See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate, at 62.3 percent in February, changed little over
the month. The employment-population ratio edged up to 59.9 percent. Both measures 
remain below their February 2020 levels (63.4 percent and 61.2 percent, respectively).
(See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons increased by 418,000 to
4.1 million in February but remains below its February 2020 level of 4.4 million. These
individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time
because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See
table A-8.)

The number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job declined by 349,000
to 5.4 million in February. This measure is above its February 2020 level of 5.0 million.
These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking
for work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to take a job.
(See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of persons marginally
attached to the labor force, at 1.5 million, changed little in February. These
individuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in 
the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.
The number of discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached who believed 
that no jobs were available for them, was little changed over the month at 391,000.
(See Summary table A.)

Household Survey Supplemental Data

In February, 13.0 percent of employed persons teleworked because of the coronavirus
pandemic, down from 15.4 percent in the prior month. These data refer to employed 
persons who teleworked or worked at home for pay at some point in the 4 weeks preceding
the survey specifically because of the pandemic.

In February, 4.2 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because
their employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic--that is, they did not work
at all or worked fewer hours at some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey due to
the pandemic. This measure is down from 6.0 million in the previous month. Among those
who reported in February that they were unable to work because of pandemic-related
closures or lost business, 20.3 percent received at least some pay from their employer
for the hours not worked, down from 23.7 percent in January.

Among those not in the labor force in February, 1.2 million persons were prevented from
looking for work due to the pandemic, down from 1.8 million in the prior month. (To be
counted as unemployed, by definition, individuals must be either actively looking for
work or on temporary layoff.)

These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning
in May 2020 to help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data 
are not seasonally adjusted. Tables with estimates from the supplemental questions for
all months are available online at 
www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 678,000 in February but is down by 2.1 million,
or 1.4 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in February 2020. Job growth was widespread
over the month, led by gains in leisure and hospitality, professional and business
services, health care, and construction. (See table B-1.)

Employment in leisure and hospitality continued to increase, with a gain of 179,000 in
February. Job growth occurred in food services and drinking places (+124,000) and in
accommodation (+28,000). Since February 2020, employment in leisure and hospitality 
is down by 1.5 million, or 9.0 percent.

Professional and business services added 95,000 jobs in February. Job gains occurred
in temporary help services (+36,000), management of companies and enterprises (+12,000),
management and technical consulting services (+10,000), and scientific research and
development services (+8,000). Employment in professional and business services is
596,000 higher than in February 2020, largely in temporary help services (+240,000), 
computer systems design and related services (+154,000), and management and technical
consulting services (+152,000).

Employment in health care rose by 64,000 in February. Job gains occurred in home health
care services (+20,000), offices of physicians (+15,000), and offices of other health
practitioners (+12,000). Employment in health care is down by 306,000, or 1.9 percent,
from its level in February 2020.

Construction added 60,000 jobs in February, following little change in the prior month.
About three-fourths of the over-the-month job gain occurred in specialty trade contractors,
with increases in both the residential (+24,000) and nonresidential (+20,000) components.
Construction employment is slightly below (-11,000) its February 2020 level.

Employment in transportation and warehousing increased by 48,000 in February and is
584,000 higher than in February 2020. Over the month, job gains continued in warehousing
and storage (+11,000), couriers and messengers (+9,000), support activities for 
transportation (+9,000), and air transportation (+7,000). All four of these component
industries have surpassed their February 2020 employment levels, with particularly 
strong job growth in warehousing and storage (+420,000) and couriers and messengers (+240,000).

Employment in retail trade rose by 37,000 in February, with gains in building material and
garden supply stores (+12,000), furniture and home furnishings stores (+6,000), and
gasoline stations (+5,000). Retail trade employment is 104,000 above its level in February 
2020.

Manufacturing added 36,000 jobs in February. Employment in durable goods industries rose
by 20,000, with job gains in fabricated metal products (+11,000), machinery (+8,000), 
electrical equipment and appliances (+4,000), nonmetallic mineral products (+3,000), furniture
and related products (+3,000), and primary metals (+3,000). These gains were partially 
offset by a job loss in motor vehicles and parts (-18,000). Nondurable goods manufacturing
also added jobs over the month (+16,000). Since February 2020, manufacturing employment is
down by 178,000, or 1.4 percent.

In February, employment in financial activities rose by 35,000. Job gains were split between
finance and insurance (+16,000) and real estate (+16,000). Employment in financial activities
is 31,000 above its level in February 2020.

Social assistance added 31,000 jobs in February, with a gain of 21,000 jobs in individual
and family services. Since February 2020, employment in social assistance is down by 152,000,
or 3.5 percent.

Employment increased by 25,000 in the other services industry in February, led by a gain
in repair and maintenance (+10,000). Employment in the other services industry is down by 
317,000, or 5.3 percent, from its level in February 2020.

Wholesale trade added 18,000 jobs in February; employment in the industry is 113,000, or
1.9 percent, lower than in February 2020.

Mining employment rose by 9,000 in February, with gains in support activities for mining
(+6,000) and in oil and gas extraction (+2,000). Mining employment has grown by 62,000 since
a recent low in February 2021.

Employment showed little or no change over the month in information and government.

Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls, at $31.58 in February,
were little changed over the month (+1 cent), after large increases in recent months. Over
the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 5.1 percent. In February,
average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by
8 cents to $26.94. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 0.1 hour to 34.7
hours in February. In manufacturing, the average workweek for all employees increased by
0.4 hour to 40.7 hours, and overtime rose by 0.2 hour to 3.6 hours. The average workweek
for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was up by 0.1 hour
to 34.1 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for December was revised up by 78,000, from
+510,000 to +588,000, and the change for January was revised up by 14,000, from +467,000
to +481,000. With these revisions, employment in December and January combined is 92,000
higher than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received
from businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the 
recalculation of seasonal factors.)

_____________
The Employment Situation for March is scheduled to be released on
Friday, April 1, 2022, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Change from: Jan. 2022- Feb. 2022
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	260,918	262,136	263,202	263,324	122
Civilian labor force	160,359	162,294	163,687	163,991	304
Participation rate	61.5	61.9	62.2	62.3	0.1
Employed	150,367	155,975	157,174	157,722	548
Employment-population ratio	57.6	59.5	59.7	59.9	0.2
Unemployed	9,992	6,319	6,513	6,270	-243
Unemployment rate	6.2	3.9	4.0	3.8	-0.2
Not in labor force	100,560	99,842	99,516	99,333	-183
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	6.2	3.9	4.0	3.8	-0.2
Adult men (20 years and over)	6.0	3.6	3.8	3.5	-0.3
Adult women (20 years and over)	5.9	3.6	3.6	3.6	0.0
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	13.9	10.9	10.9	10.3	-0.6
White	5.5	3.2	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Black or African American	9.8	7.1	6.9	6.6	-0.3
Asian	5.1	3.8	3.6	3.1	-0.5
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	8.4	4.9	4.9	4.4	-0.5
Total, 25 years and over	5.6	3.3	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Less than a high school diploma	10.1	5.2	6.3	4.3	-2.0
High school graduates, no college	7.1	4.6	4.6	4.5	-0.1
Some college or associate degree	5.9	3.6	3.6	3.8	0.2
Bachelor's degree and higher	3.8	2.1	2.3	2.2	-0.1
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	6,609	3,095	3,220	3,044	-176
Job leavers	706	724	952	963	11
Reentrants	2,138	2,038	1,959	1,947	-12
New entrants	573	513	433	417	-16
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,234	1,977	2,417	2,131	-286
5 to 14 weeks	2,285	1,571	1,607	1,800	193
15 to 26 weeks	1,383	780	816	735	-81
27 weeks and over	4,156	2,008	1,691	1,702	11
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	6,099	3,929	3,717	4,135	418
Slack work or business conditions	4,731	2,594	2,430	2,707	277
Could only find part-time work	1,122	1,082	969	1,060	91
Part time for noneconomic reasons	18,458	20,315	20,198	20,667	469
Persons not in the labor force
Marginally attached to the labor force	1,885	1,639	1,526	1,471	-55
Discouraged workers	520	463	408	391	-17
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	710	588	481	678
Total private	693	561	448	654
Goods-producing	-18	93	24	105
Mining and logging	-4	8	1	9
Construction	-52	44	7	60
Manufacturing	38	41	16	36
Durable goods(1)	28	31	9	20
Motor vehicles and parts	3.7	1.2	-3.5	-18.0
Nondurable goods	10	10	7	16
Private service-providing	711	468	424	549
Wholesale trade	10.7	18.5	12.3	18.3
Retail trade	49.1	38.2	69.2	36.9
Transportation and warehousing	64.6	22.3	51.1	47.6
Utilities	-0.1	-0.6	1.0	0.0
Information	13	9	10	0
Financial activities	-8	14	3	35
Professional and business services(1)	102	91	73	95
Temporary help services	38.8	40.9	33.4	35.5
Education and health services(1)	76	65	33	112
Health care and social assistance	56.6	40.1	13.1	94.2
Leisure and hospitality	393	186	167	179
Other services	11	24	5	25
Government	17	27	33	24
(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	372	637	572	582
Total private	336	627	545	554
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)
Total nonfarm women employees	49.7	49.7	49.7	49.7
Total private women employees	48.3	48.3	48.3	48.3
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	81.3	81.5	81.5	81.4
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.6	34.8	34.6	34.7
Average hourly earnings	$30.04	$31.38	$31.57	$31.58
Average weekly earnings	$1,039.38	$1,092.02	$1,092.32	$1,095.83
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	105.9	111.0	110.8	111.7
Over-the-month percent change	-0.6	0.5	-0.2	0.8
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	152.1	166.6	167.2	168.6
Over-the-month percent change	-0.2	0.9	0.4	0.8
DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)(5)
Total private (256 industries)	65.0	73.0	61.1	76.6
Manufacturing (74 industries)	63.5	64.2	54.7	75.7
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#section7.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 131,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 670,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 120,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-70,000 to +170,000 (50,000 +/- 120,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.1 percent, with a range from -0.3 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1
to access telecommunications relay services.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	260,918	263,202	263,324	260,918	261,908	262,029	262,136	263,202	263,324
Civilian labor force	160,008	162,825	163,725	160,359	161,610	162,126	162,294	163,687	163,991
Participation rate	61.3	61.9	62.2	61.5	61.7	61.9	61.9	62.2	62.3
Employed	149,522	155,618	156,942	150,367	154,234	155,324	155,975	157,174	157,722
Employment-population ratio	57.3	59.1	59.6	57.6	58.9	59.3	59.5	59.7	59.9
Unemployed	10,486	7,207	6,782	9,992	7,375	6,802	6,319	6,513	6,270
Unemployment rate	6.6	4.4	4.1	6.2	4.6	4.2	3.9	4.0	3.8
Not in labor force	100,910	100,378	99,600	100,560	100,298	99,902	99,842	99,516	99,333
Persons who currently want a job	6,902	5,872	5,299	6,923	5,935	5,819	5,713	5,704	5,355
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	126,224	128,236	128,296	126,224	126,719	126,779	126,832	128,236	128,296
Civilian labor force	84,754	86,488	87,271	85,122	85,735	86,017	85,857	87,074	87,567
Participation rate	67.1	67.4	68.0	67.4	67.7	67.8	67.7	67.9	68.3
Employed	78,855	82,376	83,460	79,711	81,835	82,432	82,508	83,518	84,247
Employment-population ratio	62.5	64.2	65.1	63.2	64.6	65.0	65.1	65.1	65.7
Unemployed	5,899	4,112	3,812	5,411	3,900	3,585	3,349	3,556	3,320
Unemployment rate	7.0	4.8	4.4	6.4	4.5	4.2	3.9	4.1	3.8
Not in labor force	41,470	41,748	41,024	41,102	40,983	40,762	40,975	41,162	40,729
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	117,902	119,612	119,669	117,902	118,406	118,466	118,520	119,612	119,669
Civilian labor force	81,978	83,649	84,390	82,114	82,703	83,007	82,902	83,967	84,446
Participation rate	69.5	69.9	70.5	69.6	69.8	70.1	69.9	70.2	70.6
Employed	76,568	79,879	80,918	77,203	79,164	79,736	79,892	80,767	81,473
Employment-population ratio	64.9	66.8	67.6	65.5	66.9	67.3	67.4	67.5	68.1
Unemployed	5,410	3,770	3,472	4,911	3,539	3,272	3,010	3,199	2,973
Unemployment rate	6.6	4.5	4.1	6.0	4.3	3.9	3.6	3.8	3.5
Not in labor force	35,924	35,962	35,280	35,788	35,703	35,459	35,618	35,645	35,224
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	134,694	134,966	135,028	134,694	135,189	135,250	135,304	134,966	135,028
Civilian labor force	75,254	76,337	76,453	75,236	75,874	76,109	76,437	76,612	76,425
Participation rate	55.9	56.6	56.6	55.9	56.1	56.3	56.5	56.8	56.6
Employed	70,667	73,242	73,483	70,656	72,399	72,892	73,467	73,656	73,475
Employment-population ratio	52.5	54.3	54.4	52.5	53.6	53.9	54.3	54.6	54.4
Unemployed	4,587	3,095	2,971	4,581	3,475	3,217	2,970	2,957	2,950
Unemployment rate	6.1	4.1	3.9	6.1	4.6	4.2	3.9	3.9	3.9
Not in labor force	59,440	58,629	58,575	59,458	59,315	59,141	58,867	58,354	58,604
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	126,546	126,570	126,631	126,546	127,051	127,112	127,167	126,570	126,631
Civilian labor force	72,445	73,404	73,650	72,255	72,929	73,134	73,455	73,494	73,446
Participation rate	57.2	58.0	58.2	57.1	57.4	57.5	57.8	58.1	58.0
Employed	68,163	70,637	70,931	68,005	69,790	70,257	70,795	70,857	70,775
Employment-population ratio	53.9	55.8	56.0	53.7	54.9	55.3	55.7	56.0	55.9
Unemployed	4,283	2,767	2,718	4,250	3,139	2,876	2,660	2,637	2,671
Unemployment rate	5.9	3.8	3.7	5.9	4.3	3.9	3.6	3.6	3.6
Not in labor force	54,101	53,167	52,981	54,291	54,122	53,978	53,712	53,076	53,185
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,470	17,020	17,024	16,470	16,451	16,450	16,449	17,020	17,024
Civilian labor force	5,585	5,772	5,685	5,989	5,978	5,985	5,936	6,226	6,100
Participation rate	33.9	33.9	33.4	36.4	36.3	36.4	36.1	36.6	35.8
Employed	4,792	5,102	5,094	5,158	5,281	5,331	5,287	5,550	5,474
Employment-population ratio	29.1	30.0	29.9	31.3	32.1	32.4	32.1	32.6	32.2
Unemployed	793	670	592	831	697	654	649	676	626
Unemployment rate	14.2	11.6	10.4	13.9	11.7	10.9	10.9	10.9	10.3
Not in labor force	10,885	11,248	11,339	10,481	10,473	10,465	10,512	10,795	10,924
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	201,606	202,819	202,875	201,606	202,138	202,199	202,250	202,819	202,875
Civilian labor force	123,680	125,148	126,014	123,869	124,279	124,677	124,780	125,782	126,139
Participation rate	61.3	61.7	62.1	61.4	61.5	61.7	61.7	62.0	62.2
Employed	116,369	120,320	121,402	116,996	119,376	120,084	120,749	121,497	121,967
Employment-population ratio	57.7	59.3	59.8	58.0	59.1	59.4	59.7	59.9	60.1
Unemployed	7,312	4,828	4,612	6,873	4,903	4,593	4,032	4,285	4,172
Unemployment rate	5.9	3.9	3.7	5.5	3.9	3.7	3.2	3.4	3.3
Not in labor force	77,926	77,671	76,861	77,737	77,859	77,521	77,469	77,038	76,736
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	64,441	65,514	65,987	64,470	64,693	64,973	65,000	65,736	65,972
Participation rate	69.7	70.0	70.5	69.7	69.8	70.0	70.0	70.2	70.5
Employed	60,565	62,913	63,583	61,024	62,374	62,835	63,047	63,612	63,995
Employment-population ratio	65.5	67.2	67.9	66.0	67.3	67.7	67.9	68.0	68.4
Unemployed	3,875	2,601	2,404	3,446	2,320	2,138	1,953	2,124	1,977
Unemployment rate	6.0	4.0	3.6	5.3	3.6	3.3	3.0	3.2	3.0
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	54,824	55,127	55,501	54,658	54,901	55,069	55,177	55,169	55,312
Participation rate	56.5	57.0	57.3	56.3	56.4	56.6	56.7	57.0	57.1
Employed	51,985	53,334	53,737	51,846	52,800	53,030	53,493	53,449	53,571
Employment-population ratio	53.6	55.1	55.5	53.4	54.2	54.5	54.9	55.2	55.3
Unemployed	2,838	1,794	1,764	2,812	2,101	2,039	1,684	1,720	1,740
Unemployment rate	5.2	3.3	3.2	5.1	3.8	3.7	3.1	3.1	3.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,416	4,506	4,525	4,741	4,684	4,635	4,603	4,877	4,855
Participation rate	36.5	36.1	36.3	39.2	38.8	38.4	38.2	39.1	38.9
Employed	3,818	4,073	4,082	4,126	4,202	4,219	4,209	4,435	4,400
Employment-population ratio	31.6	32.7	32.7	34.1	34.8	35.0	34.9	35.6	35.3
Unemployed	598	433	444	616	482	415	395	442	455
Unemployment rate	13.5	9.6	9.8	13.0	10.3	9.0	8.6	9.1	9.4
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	33,511	33,978	34,004	33,511	33,699	33,725	33,749	33,978	34,004
Civilian labor force	20,041	20,914	21,003	20,154	20,565	20,477	20,506	21,056	21,145
Participation rate	59.8	61.6	61.8	60.1	61.0	60.7	60.8	62.0	62.2
Employed	17,989	19,392	19,566	18,180	18,962	19,143	19,057	19,597	19,751
Employment-population ratio	53.7	57.1	57.5	54.3	56.3	56.8	56.5	57.7	58.1
Unemployed	2,052	1,522	1,437	1,973	1,603	1,335	1,449	1,459	1,394
Unemployment rate	10.2	7.3	6.8	9.8	7.8	6.5	7.1	6.9	6.6
Not in labor force	13,470	13,063	13,001	13,357	13,135	13,248	13,243	12,922	12,859
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,278	9,669	9,887	9,340	9,479	9,466	9,378	9,741	9,966
Participation rate	65.6	67.0	68.4	66.0	66.5	66.4	65.7	67.5	69.0
Employed	8,261	8,934	9,200	8,396	8,699	8,787	8,723	9,051	9,327
Employment-population ratio	58.4	61.9	63.7	59.3	61.0	61.6	61.1	62.7	64.5
Unemployed	1,017	735	687	944	780	679	655	690	640
Unemployment rate	11.0	7.6	6.9	10.1	8.2	7.2	7.0	7.1	6.4
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,120	10,560	10,527	10,123	10,383	10,301	10,445	10,568	10,537
Participation rate	59.7	61.9	61.6	59.7	60.9	60.3	61.1	61.9	61.7
Employed	9,201	9,921	9,874	9,224	9,673	9,802	9,794	9,954	9,897
Employment-population ratio	54.2	58.1	57.8	54.4	56.7	57.4	57.3	58.3	57.9
Unemployed	919	639	653	899	710	500	651	614	640
Unemployment rate	9.1	6.1	6.2	8.9	6.8	4.9	6.2	5.8	6.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	643	686	589	691	703	711	683	747	642
Participation rate	26.8	27.7	23.8	28.8	29.5	29.8	28.6	30.2	26.0
Employed	527	538	491	560	590	554	540	592	528
Employment-population ratio	22.0	21.8	19.9	23.4	24.7	23.2	22.6	24.0	21.4
Unemployed	116	148	98	130	113	157	143	155	114
Unemployment rate	18.0	21.6	16.6	18.9	16.0	22.0	21.0	20.7	17.8
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,588	16,903	16,782	16,588	16,485	16,513	16,612	16,903	16,782
Civilian labor force	10,404	10,806	10,567	10,343	10,767	10,781	10,739	10,880	10,555
Participation rate	62.7	63.9	63.0	62.4	65.3	65.3	64.6	64.4	62.9
Employed	9,873	10,403	10,256	9,813	10,310	10,362	10,326	10,492	10,231
Employment-population ratio	59.5	61.5	61.1	59.2	62.5	62.8	62.2	62.1	61.0
Unemployed	532	403	311	530	457	419	413	388	324
Unemployment rate	5.1	3.7	2.9	5.1	4.2	3.9	3.8	3.6	3.1
Not in labor force	6,184	6,097	6,215	6,245	5,718	5,731	5,873	6,022	6,227
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	44,587	45,740	45,816	44,587	45,159	45,232	45,303	45,740	45,816
Civilian labor force	29,145	30,274	30,449	29,154	29,663	29,979	29,883	30,390	30,492
Participation rate	65.4	66.2	66.5	65.4	65.7	66.3	66.0	66.4	66.6
Employed	26,527	28,595	28,991	26,719	27,962	28,432	28,427	28,893	29,136
Employment-population ratio	59.5	62.5	63.3	59.9	61.9	62.9	62.7	63.2	63.6
Unemployed	2,619	1,679	1,458	2,434	1,701	1,547	1,456	1,497	1,356
Unemployment rate	9.0	5.5	4.8	8.4	5.7	5.2	4.9	4.9	4.4
Not in labor force	15,442	15,466	15,367	15,434	15,496	15,253	15,420	15,350	15,324
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	15,924	16,538	16,678	15,904	16,213	16,422	16,266	16,586	16,700
Participation rate	79.1	79.8	80.3	79.0	79.4	80.3	79.4	80.0	80.4
Employed	14,557	15,676	15,964	14,715	15,410	15,681	15,580	15,867	16,086
Employment-population ratio	72.3	75.6	76.9	73.1	75.5	76.7	76.1	76.6	77.5
Unemployed	1,368	862	713	1,189	803	741	687	719	614
Unemployment rate	8.6	5.2	4.3	7.5	5.0	4.5	4.2	4.3	3.7
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	11,845	12,367	12,425	11,829	12,054	12,170	12,288	12,383	12,403
Participation rate	58.0	59.5	59.7	57.9	58.3	58.7	59.2	59.6	59.6
Employed	10,829	11,717	11,809	10,829	11,374	11,531	11,682	11,775	11,802
Employment-population ratio	53.0	56.4	56.7	53.0	55.0	55.7	56.3	56.6	56.7
Unemployed	1,016	651	616	1,001	680	639	606	608	601
Unemployment rate	8.6	5.3	5.0	8.5	5.6	5.3	4.9	4.9	4.8
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,376	1,369	1,346	1,420	1,396	1,387	1,328	1,421	1,389
Participation rate	34.1	32.4	31.8	35.2	34.3	34.1	32.6	33.6	32.8
Employed	1,141	1,203	1,218	1,175	1,178	1,220	1,165	1,251	1,248
Employment-population ratio	28.3	28.5	28.8	29.2	29.0	30.0	28.6	29.6	29.5
Unemployed	235	166	129	245	218	167	163	170	141
Unemployment rate	17.0	12.1	9.6	17.3	15.6	12.1	12.2	12.0	10.2
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	8,600	8,762	8,647	8,928	9,025	8,791	8,712	8,687	8,962
Participation rate	44.2	44.9	45.2	45.8	46.4	45.1	44.8	44.5	46.8
Employed	7,579	8,044	8,141	8,030	8,368	8,304	8,255	8,142	8,574
Employment-population ratio	38.9	41.2	42.5	41.2	43.1	42.6	42.5	41.7	44.8
Unemployed	1,021	719	507	898	657	487	457	545	388
Unemployment rate	11.9	8.2	5.9	10.1	7.3	5.5	5.2	6.3	4.3
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	34,436	36,764	36,577	34,440	35,282	35,444	35,828	37,064	36,589
Participation rate	54.7	56.7	56.2	54.7	55.0	55.7	55.7	57.2	56.2
Employed	31,750	34,877	34,793	31,980	33,395	33,615	34,188	35,361	34,953
Employment-population ratio	50.4	53.8	53.5	50.8	52.1	52.9	53.1	54.6	53.7
Unemployed	2,686	1,887	1,784	2,461	1,888	1,829	1,640	1,703	1,636
Unemployment rate	7.8	5.1	4.9	7.1	5.4	5.2	4.6	4.6	4.5
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	35,489	35,182	35,337	35,493	35,394	35,417	35,477	35,320	35,391
Participation rate	62.8	62.9	63.5	62.8	62.8	62.6	62.7	63.1	63.6
Employed	33,292	33,871	33,931	33,406	33,863	34,105	34,204	34,059	34,060
Employment-population ratio	58.9	60.5	61.0	59.1	60.1	60.2	60.4	60.9	61.2
Unemployed	2,197	1,311	1,406	2,087	1,531	1,312	1,274	1,261	1,331
Unemployment rate	6.2	3.7	4.0	5.9	4.3	3.7	3.6	3.6	3.8
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	61,437	61,803	62,734	60,790	60,951	61,317	61,134	61,699	62,003
Participation rate	72.6	72.7	73.3	71.9	71.9	72.0	72.3	72.6	72.4
Employed	59,092	60,349	61,375	58,459	59,477	59,937	59,860	60,294	60,656
Employment-population ratio	69.8	71.0	71.7	69.1	70.1	70.4	70.8	70.9	70.9
Unemployed	2,344	1,454	1,359	2,331	1,473	1,380	1,274	1,404	1,347
Unemployment rate	3.8	2.4	2.2	3.8	2.4	2.2	2.1	2.3	2.2
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	18,942	18,469	16,935	16,448	2,007	2,021
Civilian labor force	9,073	8,971	7,928	7,770	1,145	1,202
Participation rate	47.9	48.6	46.8	47.2	57.0	59.5
Employed	8,576	8,686	7,501	7,540	1,075	1,146
Employment-population ratio	45.3	47.0	44.3	45.8	53.6	56.7
Unemployed	497	285	427	230	70	56
Unemployment rate	5.5	3.2	5.4	3.0	6.1	4.6
Not in labor force	9,869	9,498	9,007	8,678	862	819
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	4,615	4,814	3,795	3,911	819	904
Civilian labor force	3,621	3,840	3,057	3,178	564	662
Participation rate	78.5	79.8	80.5	81.3	68.9	73.3
Employed	3,406	3,718	2,892	3,088	514	630
Employment-population ratio	73.8	77.2	76.2	79.0	62.7	69.8
Unemployed	215	122	164	90	51	32
Unemployment rate	5.9	3.2	5.4	2.8	9.0	4.8
Not in labor force	994	974	739	733	255	241
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,308	3,264	2,803	2,810	506	453
Civilian labor force	2,457	2,433	2,115	2,104	343	329
Participation rate	74.3	74.6	75.5	74.9	67.8	72.6
Employed	2,371	2,376	2,040	2,063	331	314
Employment-population ratio	71.7	72.8	72.8	73.4	65.5	69.1
Unemployed	87	57	75	42	12	16
Unemployment rate	3.5	2.3	3.6	2.0	3.4	4.7
Not in labor force	851	831	688	706	163	124
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	6,836	6,345	6,572	6,093	264	252
Civilian labor force	1,170	985	1,137	943	33	42
Participation rate	17.1	15.5	17.3	15.5	12.4	16.7
Employed	1,115	939	1,083	901	33	38
Employment-population ratio	16.3	14.8	16.5	14.8	12.4	15.1
Unemployed	55	46	55	42	0	4
Unemployment rate	4.7	4.7	4.8	4.5	-	-
Not in labor force	5,666	5,360	5,435	5,150	231	210
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	4,183	4,046	3,765	3,634	418	412
Civilian labor force	1,825	1,713	1,620	1,545	205	168
Participation rate	43.6	42.3	43.0	42.5	49.1	40.8
Employed	1,684	1,652	1,487	1,488	198	164
Employment-population ratio	40.3	40.8	39.5	41.0	47.3	39.8
Unemployed	140	61	133	56	8	4
Unemployment rate	7.7	3.5	8.2	3.7	3.7	2.5
Not in labor force	2,358	2,333	2,145	2,089	213	244
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	233,133	235,694	104,622	107,147	128,510	128,548
Civilian labor force	148,936	152,438	75,818	78,383	73,118	74,055
Participation rate	63.9	64.7	72.5	73.2	56.9	57.6
Employed	139,237	146,175	70,508	74,906	68,728	71,269
Employment-population ratio	59.7	62.0	67.4	69.9	53.5	55.4
Unemployed	9,699	6,263	5,310	3,477	4,390	2,786
Unemployment rate	6.5	4.1	7.0	4.4	6.0	3.8
Not in labor force	84,197	83,256	28,805	28,763	55,392	54,493
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	29,950	32,014	230,968	231,310
Civilian labor force	5,961	7,250	154,047	156,474
Participation rate	19.9	22.6	66.7	67.6
Employed	5,210	6,613	144,312	150,329
Employment-population ratio	17.4	20.7	62.5	65.0
Unemployed	751	637	9,735	6,145
Unemployment rate	12.6	8.8	6.3	3.9
Not in labor force	23,989	24,764	76,921	74,835
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,518	3,079	76,486	78,013
Participation rate	33.2	38.0	81.7	82.4
Employed	2,166	2,780	71,255	74,747
Employment-population ratio	28.5	34.3	76.1	78.9
Unemployed	352	299	5,231	3,266
Unemployment rate	14.0	9.7	6.8	4.2
Not in labor force	5,076	5,025	17,157	16,702
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,460	2,905	68,282	68,898
Participation rate	33.7	35.3	70.5	71.5
Employed	2,119	2,624	64,245	66,316
Employment-population ratio	29.1	31.9	66.3	68.8
Unemployed	341	281	4,037	2,582
Unemployment rate	13.9	9.7	5.9	3.7
Not in labor force	4,834	5,330	28,574	27,444
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	983	1,266	9,279	9,563
Participation rate	6.5	8.1	22.9	23.8
Employed	924	1,209	8,812	9,265
Employment-population ratio	6.1	7.7	21.8	23.0
Unemployed	59	57	467	298
Unemployment rate	6.0	4.5	5.0	3.1
Not in labor force	14,079	14,409	31,191	30,689
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	43,373	44,718	21,082	21,761	22,291	22,957
Civilian labor force	27,946	29,229	16,127	16,758	11,819	12,471
Participation rate	64.4	65.4	76.5	77.0	53.0	54.3
Employed	25,862	28,138	14,990	16,173	10,872	11,965
Employment-population ratio	59.6	62.9	71.1	74.3	48.8	52.1
Unemployed	2,084	1,092	1,137	585	947	506
Unemployment rate	7.5	3.7	7.0	3.5	8.0	4.1
Not in labor force	15,428	15,489	4,956	5,003	10,472	10,486
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	217,545	218,606	105,142	106,534	112,403	112,071
Civilian labor force	132,062	134,495	68,628	70,513	63,435	63,982
Participation rate	60.7	61.5	65.3	66.2	56.4	57.1
Employed	123,660	128,805	63,865	67,287	59,795	61,518
Employment-population ratio	56.8	58.9	60.7	63.2	53.2	54.9
Unemployed	8,402	5,691	4,762	3,226	3,640	2,464
Unemployment rate	6.4	4.2	6.9	4.6	5.7	3.9
Not in labor force	85,483	84,110	36,515	36,021	48,968	48,089
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,184	2,224	2,262	2,307	2,296	2,212	2,308	2,326	2,383
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,450	1,454	1,457	1,521	1,501	1,434	1,477	1,501	1,525
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	676	735	771	711	769	744	785	771	801
Unpaid family workers	58	36	34	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	147,338	153,394	154,681	147,887	152,070	152,933	153,409	154,598	155,094
Wage and salary workers(1)	138,602	144,501	145,611	139,265	142,194	143,816	144,474	145,993	146,263
Government	21,218	21,593	21,375	20,809	20,511	20,750	21,097	21,274	20,971
Private industries	117,383	122,907	124,235	118,226	122,175	123,416	123,172	124,240	124,886
Private households	604	575	572	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	116,779	122,332	123,663	117,567	121,460	122,796	122,484	123,512	124,144
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	8,665	8,830	9,002	8,827	9,465	9,256	9,282	9,089	9,175
Unpaid family workers	72	64	69	-	-	-	-	-	-
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	6,309	4,176	4,349	6,099	4,398	4,266	3,929	3,717	4,135
Slack work or business conditions	4,958	2,828	2,946	4,731	3,108	2,903	2,594	2,430	2,707
Could only find part-time work	1,124	935	1,089	1,122	961	1,059	1,082	969	1,060
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	19,042	20,105	21,301	18,458	20,539	20,440	20,315	20,198	20,667
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	6,199	4,094	4,278	6,031	4,273	4,244	3,898	3,620	4,105
Slack work or business conditions	4,887	2,782	2,900	4,670	3,032	2,869	2,578	2,400	2,672
Could only find part-time work	1,116	927	1,084	1,112	962	1,056	1,079	960	1,053
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	18,670	19,738	20,894	18,097	20,200	20,075	19,951	19,839	20,275
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	149,522	155,618	156,942	150,367	154,234	155,324	155,975	157,174	157,722
16 to 19 years	4,792	5,102	5,094	5,158	5,281	5,331	5,287	5,550	5,474
16 to 17 years	1,709	1,965	2,082	1,911	1,992	2,087	2,075	2,188	2,295
18 to 19 years	3,082	3,137	3,012	3,265	3,289	3,243	3,214	3,378	3,205
20 years and over	144,730	150,516	151,849	145,208	148,953	149,993	150,688	151,624	152,248
20 to 24 years	13,017	13,376	13,609	13,233	13,718	13,824	13,870	13,756	13,834
25 years and over	131,714	137,141	138,240	131,912	135,282	136,065	136,605	137,840	138,412
25 to 54 years	96,364	100,214	100,923	96,560	98,795	99,396	99,740	100,647	101,109
25 to 34 years	33,966	34,726	35,052	34,030	35,029	35,347	35,352	34,985	35,125
35 to 44 years	32,061	34,050	34,443	32,177	33,042	33,174	33,454	34,147	34,535
45 to 54 years	30,337	31,437	31,427	30,354	30,723	30,875	30,934	31,515	31,448
55 years and over	35,350	36,927	37,317	35,352	36,487	36,669	36,865	37,193	37,304
Men, 16 years and over	78,855	82,376	83,460	79,711	81,835	82,432	82,508	83,518	84,247
16 to 19 years	2,287	2,497	2,542	2,508	2,672	2,696	2,616	2,751	2,774
16 to 17 years	846	899	1,014	965	984	1,017	970	1,022	1,131
18 to 19 years	1,442	1,599	1,528	1,564	1,691	1,686	1,655	1,744	1,659
20 years and over	76,568	79,879	80,918	77,203	79,164	79,736	79,892	80,767	81,473
20 to 24 years	6,623	6,797	6,891	6,780	6,972	7,100	7,070	7,032	7,059
25 years and over	69,945	73,082	74,027	70,405	72,181	72,535	72,702	73,752	74,457
25 to 54 years	51,162	53,236	53,898	51,494	52,717	52,894	52,992	53,693	54,227
25 to 34 years	18,042	18,346	18,667	18,168	18,715	18,797	18,793	18,555	18,788
35 to 44 years	17,281	18,264	18,566	17,412	17,784	17,845	17,899	18,420	18,696
45 to 54 years	15,839	16,626	16,665	15,915	16,218	16,252	16,300	16,718	16,743
55 years and over	18,783	19,846	20,129	18,911	19,464	19,641	19,710	20,059	20,230
Women, 16 years and over	70,667	73,242	73,483	70,656	72,399	72,892	73,467	73,656	73,475
16 to 19 years	2,504	2,605	2,551	2,651	2,609	2,635	2,671	2,799	2,699
16 to 17 years	864	1,067	1,068	947	1,008	1,070	1,105	1,166	1,164
18 to 19 years	1,641	1,538	1,483	1,702	1,598	1,557	1,558	1,634	1,546
20 years and over	68,163	70,637	70,931	68,005	69,790	70,257	70,795	70,857	70,775
20 to 24 years	6,394	6,578	6,718	6,453	6,746	6,724	6,799	6,725	6,775
25 years and over	61,769	64,059	64,213	61,507	63,101	63,530	63,904	64,088	63,955
25 to 54 years	45,202	46,978	47,025	45,066	46,078	46,502	46,748	46,954	46,882
25 to 34 years	15,925	16,380	16,385	15,862	16,314	16,550	16,559	16,430	16,338
35 to 44 years	14,779	15,786	15,878	14,765	15,258	15,329	15,555	15,727	15,838
45 to 54 years	14,497	14,811	14,762	14,439	14,505	14,623	14,635	14,798	14,705
55 years and over	16,567	17,081	17,188	16,441	17,023	17,029	17,156	17,134	17,074
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	43,887	45,145	45,572	43,971	43,794	44,209	44,437	45,342	45,648
Married women, spouse present(1)	35,044	36,004	36,146	34,801	34,988	35,328	35,557	35,885	35,870
Women who maintain families(2)	9,367	9,983	9,958	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	123,981	129,747	130,712	125,112	128,409	129,388	130,191	131,164	131,806
Part-time workers(4)	25,541	25,871	26,230	25,168	25,903	25,956	25,681	25,817	25,801
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	6,787	7,337	7,557	6,681	6,984	7,065	7,395	7,486	7,431
Percent of total employed	4.5	4.7	4.8	4.4	4.5	4.5	4.7	4.8	4.7
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	5,670	6,366	6,291	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,341	9,564	9,772	9,538	10,234	10,000	10,067	9,860	9,976
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	9,992	6,513	6,270	6.2	4.6	4.2	3.9	4.0	3.8
16 to 19 years	831	676	626	13.9	11.7	10.9	10.9	10.9	10.3
16 to 17 years	324	278	259	14.5	10.1	10.4	10.8	11.3	10.2
18 to 19 years	510	400	362	13.5	12.6	11.6	11.5	10.6	10.1
20 years and over	9,161	5,837	5,644	5.9	4.3	3.9	3.6	3.7	3.6
20 to 24 years	1,429	1,080	1,124	9.7	7.2	7.4	7.1	7.3	7.5
25 years and over	7,805	4,851	4,657	5.6	4.0	3.6	3.3	3.4	3.3
25 to 54 years	5,792	3,667	3,495	5.7	4.1	3.7	3.5	3.5	3.3
25 to 34 years	2,334	1,580	1,517	6.4	4.8	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.1
35 to 44 years	1,898	1,242	1,178	5.6	3.8	3.8	3.3	3.5	3.3
45 to 54 years	1,561	845	800	4.9	3.7	3.1	2.8	2.6	2.5
55 years and over	2,000	1,203	1,158	5.4	3.6	3.2	3.0	3.1	3.0
Men, 16 years and over	5,411	3,556	3,320	6.4	4.5	4.2	3.9	4.1	3.8
16 to 19 years	500	357	347	16.6	11.9	10.4	11.5	11.5	11.1
16 to 17 years	174	159	113	15.3	9.8	11.1	10.7	13.5	9.0
18 to 19 years	327	198	234	17.3	13.2	10.5	12.6	10.2	12.4
20 years and over	4,911	3,199	2,973	6.0	4.3	3.9	3.6	3.8	3.5
20 to 24 years	785	659	601	10.4	8.2	8.0	7.7	8.6	7.8
25 years and over	4,179	2,614	2,484	5.6	3.9	3.6	3.3	3.4	3.2
25 to 54 years	3,046	1,954	1,805	5.6	4.0	3.8	3.5	3.5	3.2
25 to 34 years	1,287	862	767	6.6	5.0	4.4	4.5	4.4	3.9
35 to 44 years	999	674	639	5.4	3.7	3.9	3.3	3.5	3.3
45 to 54 years	760	418	399	4.6	3.2	2.9	2.5	2.4	2.3
55 years and over	1,133	660	679	5.7	3.5	3.0	2.7	3.2	3.2
Women, 16 years and over	4,581	2,957	2,950	6.1	4.6	4.2	3.9	3.9	3.9
16 to 19 years	331	319	279	11.1	11.4	11.4	10.4	10.2	9.4
16 to 17 years	150	119	147	13.6	10.4	9.7	10.8	9.3	11.2
18 to 19 years	183	203	128	9.7	12.0	12.7	10.2	11.0	7.6
20 years and over	4,250	2,637	2,671	5.9	4.3	3.9	3.6	3.6	3.6
20 to 24 years	644	421	523	9.1	6.3	6.7	6.5	5.9	7.2
25 years and over	3,627	2,237	2,173	5.6	4.1	3.6	3.3	3.4	3.3
25 to 54 years	2,746	1,713	1,690	5.7	4.3	3.7	3.5	3.5	3.5
25 to 34 years	1,046	718	750	6.2	4.5	4.1	4.1	4.2	4.4
35 to 44 years	899	568	539	5.7	4.0	3.8	3.2	3.5	3.3
45 to 54 years	801	427	400	5.3	4.3	3.2	3.1	2.8	2.7
55 years and over	891	548	509	5.1	3.6	3.5	3.2	3.1	2.9
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	1,759	913	870	3.8	2.5	2.3	1.9	2.0	1.9
Married women, spouse present(1)	1,547	897	860	4.3	3.0	2.8	2.5	2.4	2.3
Women who maintain families(2)	784	527	557	7.7	5.9	4.8	5.6	5.0	5.3
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	8,428	5,367	5,245	6.3	4.6	4.2	3.9	3.9	3.8
Part-time workers(4)	1,616	1,196	1,084	6.0	4.7	4.1	4.2	4.4	4.0
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	7,051	3,924	3,473	6,609	3,700	3,369	3,095	3,220	3,044
On temporary layoff	2,546	1,467	1,164	2,264	1,041	875	812	959	888
Not on temporary layoff	4,505	2,458	2,309	4,345	2,659	2,493	2,283	2,261	2,156
Permanent job losers	3,547	1,707	1,641	3,483	2,102	1,905	1,703	1,630	1,583
Persons who completed temporary jobs	958	750	668	862	557	589	580	632	573
Job leavers	706	948	964	706	845	837	724	952	963
Reentrants	2,183	1,973	1,971	2,138	2,206	2,154	2,038	1,959	1,947
New entrants	546	362	374	573	537	452	513	433	417
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	67.2	54.5	51.2	65.9	50.8	49.4	48.6	49.1	47.8
On temporary layoff	24.3	20.4	17.2	22.6	14.3	12.8	12.8	14.6	13.9
Not on temporary layoff	43.0	34.1	34.0	43.3	36.5	36.6	35.8	34.5	33.8
Job leavers	6.7	13.1	14.2	7.0	11.6	12.3	11.4	14.5	15.1
Reentrants	20.8	27.4	29.1	21.3	30.3	31.6	32.0	29.8	30.6
New entrants	5.2	5.0	5.5	5.7	7.4	6.6	8.1	6.6	6.6
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	4.4	2.4	2.1	4.1	2.3	2.1	1.9	2.0	1.9
Job leavers	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.6
Reentrants	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.2
New entrants	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,051	2,888	1,980	2,234	2,051	1,985	1,977	2,417	2,131
5 to 14 weeks	2,693	1,765	2,158	2,285	1,876	1,703	1,571	1,607	1,800
15 weeks and over	5,742	2,554	2,644	5,539	3,340	3,063	2,788	2,507	2,437
15 to 26 weeks	1,523	856	879	1,383	1,001	870	780	816	735
27 weeks and over	4,219	1,698	1,765	4,156	2,339	2,193	2,008	1,691	1,702
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	27.2	23.0	26.0	27.8	26.9	29.1	28.6	24.6	26.6
Median duration, in weeks	18.3	8.5	9.9	17.9	13.0	13.4	12.9	10.1	9.6
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	19.6	40.1	29.2	22.2	28.2	29.4	31.2	37.0	33.5
5 to 14 weeks	25.7	24.5	31.8	22.7	25.8	25.2	24.8	24.6	28.3
15 weeks and over	54.8	35.4	39.0	55.1	46.0	45.4	44.0	38.4	38.3
15 to 26 weeks	14.5	11.9	13.0	13.8	13.8	12.9	12.3	12.5	11.5
27 weeks and over	40.2	23.6	26.0	41.3	32.2	32.5	31.7	25.9	26.7
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022
Total, 16 years and over(1)	149,522	156,942	10,486	6,782	6.6	4.1
Management, professional, and related occupations	64,471	67,754	2,158	1,490	3.2	2.2
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	27,414	29,131	990	638	3.5	2.1
Professional and related occupations	37,058	38,624	1,167	852	3.1	2.2
Service occupations	22,574	24,228	2,594	1,400	10.3	5.5
Sales and office occupations	30,450	31,383	2,024	1,311	6.2	4.0
Sales and related occupations	14,630	14,927	1,031	565	6.6	3.6
Office and administrative support occupations	15,819	16,456	993	747	5.9	4.3
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13,209	14,091	1,411	917	9.7	6.1
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	1,006	963	141	119	12.3	11.0
Construction and extraction occupations	7,497	8,286	1,003	664	11.8	7.4
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,706	4,842	267	134	5.4	2.7
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	18,818	19,485	1,745	1,270	8.5	6.1
Production occupations	7,766	7,993	579	413	6.9	4.9
Transportation and material moving occupations	11,052	11,492	1,166	856	9.5	6.9
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022
Total, 16 years and over(1)	10,486	6,782	6.6	4.1
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	8,516	5,479	6.8	4.2
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	132	29	19.3	5.0
Construction	921	677	9.6	6.7
Manufacturing	724	497	4.8	3.2
Durable goods	423	324	4.4	3.3
Nondurable goods	301	174	5.4	3.1
Wholesale and retail trade	1,368	983	6.8	4.9
Transportation and utilities	622	409	8.4	5.1
Information	155	91	6.2	3.7
Financial activities	387	246	3.7	2.4
Professional and business services	1,152	737	6.8	3.9
Education and health services	899	754	3.7	3.0
Leisure and hospitality	1,673	849	13.5	6.6
Other services	483	207	7.7	3.5
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	167	144	10.5	9.4
Government workers	603	386	2.8	1.8
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	654	399	6.5	3.9
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022	Feb. 2022
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	3.6	1.6	1.6	3.5	2.1	1.9	1.7	1.5	1.5
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	4.4	2.4	2.1	4.1	2.3	2.1	1.9	2.0	1.9
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	6.6	4.4	4.1	6.2	4.6	4.2	3.9	4.0	3.8
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	6.9	4.7	4.4	6.5	4.8	4.5	4.2	4.2	4.1
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	7.7	5.4	5.0	7.3	5.5	5.1	4.9	4.9	4.7
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	11.6	7.9	7.6	11.1	8.2	7.7	7.3	7.1	7.2
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022	Feb. 2021	Feb. 2022
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	100,910	99,600	41,470	41,024	59,440	58,575
Persons who currently want a job	6,902	5,299	3,323	2,493	3,579	2,806
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	1,942	1,496	1,053	749	889	747
Discouraged workers(2)	529	393	275	214	253	178
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,413	1,103	778	535	636	569
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	6,787	7,557	3,238	3,682	3,549	3,875
Percent of total employed	4.5	4.8	4.1	4.4	5.0	5.3
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	3,739	4,243	1,920	2,286	1,819	1,957
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	1,756	1,993	586	696	1,169	1,297
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	321	288	173	173	148	115
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	941	997	542	508	399	489
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)	Change from: Jan.2022 - Feb.2022(p)
Total nonfarm	142,129	150,352	147,510	148,967	143,727	149,240	149,721	150,399	678
Total private	120,136	127,922	125,478	126,583	121,922	127,099	127,547	128,201	654
Goods-producing	19,670	20,617	20,257	20,452	20,072	20,691	20,715	20,820	105
Mining and logging	531	589	581	591	542	590	591	600	9
Logging	48.0	44.7	44.8	45.1	47.6	44.6	44.6	44.5	-0.1
Mining	483.3	544.5	536.2	546.1	494.1	545.3	546.8	555.8	9.0
Oil and gas extraction	112.0	125.5	124.9	127.4	113.0	124.6	125.8	128.2	2.4
Mining, except oil and gas	167.9	174.1	171.1	171.1	173.3	176.3	176.2	176.7	0.5
Coal mining	37.8	36.4	36.7	37.0	37.6	36.5	36.6	36.8	0.2
Metal ore mining	40.8	42.2	42.3	42.4	41.1	42.3	42.5	42.6	0.1
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying	89.3	95.5	92.1	91.7	94.5	97.6	97.1	97.3	0.2
Support activities for mining	203.4	244.9	240.2	247.6	207.8	244.4	244.8	250.9	6.1
Construction	6,970	7,449	7,191	7,293	7,308	7,546	7,553	7,613	60
Construction of buildings	1,579.4	1,665.4	1,633.5	1,642.8	1,631.1	1,678.9	1,684.1	1,693.0	8.9
Residential building	823.4	874.8	858.4	866.5	849.0	880.1	884.4	891.1	6.7
Nonresidential building	756.0	790.6	775.1	776.3	782.1	798.8	799.7	801.9	2.2
Heavy and civil engineering construction	928.0	1,018.1	951.8	975.8	1,018.7	1,060.7	1,057.3	1,064.6	7.3
Specialty trade contractors	4,463.0	4,765.8	4,605.7	4,674.2	4,658.4	4,806.8	4,811.2	4,855.4	44.2
Residential specialty trade contractors	2,067.6	2,191.4	2,127.7	2,172.7	2,150.2	2,217.2	2,219.2	2,243.5	24.3
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,395.4	2,574.4	2,478.0	2,501.5	2,508.2	2,589.6	2,592.0	2,611.9	19.9
Manufacturing	12,169	12,579	12,485	12,568	12,222	12,555	12,571	12,607	36
Durable goods	7,571	7,819	7,781	7,823	7,600	7,816	7,825	7,845	20
Wood products	402.8	418.5	419.9	425.0	402.6	418.7	421.1	423.2	2.1
Nonmetallic mineral products	385.0	402.7	398.0	400.6	399.8	408.4	411.9	414.9	3.0
Primary metals	343.6	358.1	357.5	361.2	344.0	356.7	358.2	361.1	2.9
Fabricated metal products	1,358.8	1,410.6	1,406.6	1,418.8	1,367.2	1,412.0	1,415.7	1,426.2	10.5
Machinery	1,040.8	1,068.2	1,067.6	1,079.1	1,041.9	1,068.5	1,071.8	1,080.1	8.3
Computer and electronic products	1,051.0	1,067.7	1,063.8	1,069.6	1,052.4	1,065.9	1,067.4	1,070.5	3.1
Computer and peripheral equipment	155.9	159.3	159.6	159.6	156.1	159.2	159.8	159.9	0.1
Communications equipment	85.5	83.9	84.7	84.8	85.4	84.8	84.8	84.6	-0.2
Semiconductors and electronic components	365.1	371.3	370.7	373.7	365.1	371.0	372.8	373.7	0.9
Electronic instruments	414.5	422.1	418.7	421.0	415.3	420.4	419.5	421.4	1.9
Miscellaneous computer and electronic products	30.0	31.1	30.1	30.5	30.6	30.5	30.4	30.8	0.4
Electrical equipment and appliances	384.4	401.1	400.4	406.5	384.8	402.4	402.1	406.1	4.0
Transportation equipment(1)	1,642.1	1,678.3	1,661.5	1,647.1	1,639.8	1,672.7	1,665.4	1,644.7	-20.7
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	955.6	994.8	979.3	959.9	954.7	984.6	981.1	963.1	-18.0
Furniture and related products	368.5	385.3	380.5	384.7	370.0	383.6	382.3	385.3	3.0
Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing	593.5	628.4	625.4	630.6	597.3	626.6	629.2	632.6	3.4
Nondurable goods	4,598	4,760	4,704	4,745	4,622	4,739	4,746	4,762	16
Food manufacturing	1,618.5	1,669.7	1,647.5	1,663.6	1,630.5	1,658.2	1,664.0	1,671.2	7.2
Textile mills	95.0	100.4	99.5	99.9	95.7	100.3	100.2	100.5	0.3
Textile product mills	102.4	106.2	105.4	105.8	102.4	105.5	105.4	105.5	0.1
Apparel	91.0	94.8	92.4	95.8	91.4	94.1	94.4	95.4	1.0
Paper and paper products	349.7	351.7	352.4	357.0	349.5	351.4	352.9	356.0	3.1
Printing and related support activities	359.7	377.9	369.1	367.4	363.6	373.5	371.6	371.4	-0.2
Petroleum and coal products	103.5	104.6	99.7	102.1	106.9	105.3	103.7	105.3	1.6
Chemicals	862.5	880.6	876.4	877.2	861.8	878.0	878.6	877.0	-1.6
Plastics and rubber products	719.7	739.7	732.5	740.2	713.7	733.1	733.1	733.1	0.0
Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing	295.6	333.9	329.0	335.9	306.0	339.7	342.2	346.5	4.3
Private service-providing	100,466	107,305	105,221	106,131	101,850	106,408	106,832	107,381	549
Trade, transportation, and utilities	27,085	29,043	28,282	28,145	27,403	28,163	28,296	28,399	103
Wholesale trade	5,589.4	5,761.0	5,723.3	5,751.9	5,622.4	5,749.7	5,762.0	5,780.3	18.3
Durable goods	3,075.9	3,170.8	3,157.6	3,175.7	3,085.4	3,166.6	3,173.2	3,183.2	10.0
Nondurable goods	2,033.6	2,106.3	2,089.5	2,097.5	2,056.8	2,103.9	2,112.2	2,118.5	6.3
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	479.9	483.9	476.2	478.7	480.2	479.2	476.6	478.6	2.0
Retail trade	15,049.0	16,054.9	15,637.4	15,493.8	15,292.6	15,595.1	15,664.3	15,701.2	36.9
Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,909.6	1,943.6	1,929.0	1,937.3	1,927.3	1,950.9	1,951.7	1,954.3	2.6
Automobile dealers	1,216.0	1,224.7	1,216.6	1,221.6	1,220.5	1,226.4	1,224.9	1,225.7	0.8
Other motor vehicle dealers	153.1	163.9	159.4	161.5	161.4	170.6	170.3	170.4	0.1
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores	540.5	555.0	553.0	554.2	545.4	553.9	556.4	558.1	1.7
Furniture and home furnishings stores	432.3	460.4	444.7	445.0	436.4	445.8	441.9	447.5	5.6
Electronics and appliance stores	417.4	454.8	434.6	433.1	423.1	432.2	431.5	433.9	2.4
Building material and garden supply stores	1,362.5	1,353.3	1,337.3	1,364.6	1,413.4	1,392.0	1,398.5	1,410.6	12.1
Food and beverage stores	3,154.2	3,159.6	3,113.9	3,130.8	3,152.6	3,120.9	3,116.6	3,121.0	4.4
Health and personal care stores	999.0	1,084.2	1,085.5	1,072.7	1,004.7	1,064.3	1,075.4	1,077.0	1.6
Gasoline stations	914.4	952.4	946.4	949.5	929.2	952.2	957.6	962.4	4.8
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	952.9	1,161.3	1,095.5	1,052.0	994.7	1,068.1	1,079.3	1,083.9	4.6
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	504.5	559.4	541.0	529.6	516.5	527.7	537.1	541.4	4.3
General merchandise stores	3,024.5	3,409.5	3,245.3	3,116.9	3,096.4	3,158.4	3,186.0	3,184.9	-1.1
Department stores	905.7	1,078.7	989.9	950.9	936.7	952.6	966.1	975.0	8.9
General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters	2,118.8	2,330.8	2,255.4	2,166.0	2,159.7	2,205.8	2,219.9	2,209.9	-10.0
Miscellaneous store retailers	766.2	834.1	816.7	823.3	778.4	831.2	837.9	834.9	-3.0
Nonstore retailers	611.5	682.3	647.5	639.0	619.9	651.4	650.8	649.4	-1.4
Transportation and warehousing	5,906.9	6,689.0	6,382.4	6,361.7	5,945.7	6,279.7	6,330.8	6,378.4	47.6
Air transportation	436.3	514.1	519.1	527.3	438.8	517.2	523.9	530.8	6.9
Rail transportation	145.5	145.7	145.7	145.7	145.8	146.1	146.1	146.0	-0.1
Water transportation	54.6	56.4	55.4	55.7	56.7	57.2	57.2	57.5	0.3
Truck transportation	1,470.4	1,545.2	1,529.9	1,533.1	1,488.3	1,538.9	1,543.7	1,549.1	5.4
Transit and ground passenger transportation	368.9	404.4	396.9	405.8	357.5	387.4	388.0	393.5	5.5
Pipeline transportation	48.7	51.1	50.7	50.8	49.0	51.2	51.0	51.1	0.1
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	13.4	22.1	21.3	22.2	19.1	25.7	26.9	27.3	0.4
Support activities for transportation	697.8	763.3	756.5	768.9	701.4	754.6	761.5	770.5	9.0
Couriers and messengers	1,071.4	1,414.9	1,165.5	1,109.7	1,094.8	1,087.5	1,105.0	1,114.4	9.4
Warehousing and storage	1,599.9	1,771.8	1,741.4	1,742.5	1,594.3	1,713.9	1,727.5	1,738.2	10.7
Utilities	539.9	538.0	538.4	537.1	542.1	538.1	539.1	539.1	0.0
Information	2,749	2,925	2,884	2,910	2,758	2,913	2,923	2,923	0
Publishing industries, except Internet	779.4	806.8	804.1	805.1	781.3	803.0	806.3	807.6	1.3
Motion picture and sound recording industries	306.3	429.3	400.6	417.0	318.1	427.1	431.1	431.0	-0.1
Broadcasting, except Internet	246.4	234.2	229.7	234.7	244.5	233.8	231.1	232.4	1.3
Telecommunications	680.2	661.2	654.5	654.3	677.2	655.3	653.4	651.9	-1.5
Data processing, hosting and related services	372.4	405.1	404.9	407.7	370.7	402.6	407.2	406.2	-1.0
Other information services	364.2	388.5	390.0	391.3	365.8	390.9	393.8	394.0	0.2
Financial activities	8,674	8,893	8,804	8,854	8,724	8,863	8,866	8,901	35
Finance and insurance	6,503.4	6,572.1	6,533.7	6,561.1	6,510.9	6,547.9	6,549.4	6,565.6	16.2
Monetary authorities - central bank	20.8	20.8	20.6	20.7	20.9	20.7	20.7	20.8	0.1
Credit intermediation and related activities	2,708.8	2,710.5	2,707.5	2,714.7	2,711.3	2,706.4	2,709.6	2,715.3	5.7
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,752.0	1,730.7	1,731.3	1,734.5	1,753.4	1,732.0	1,732.5	1,734.5	2.0
Commercial banking	1,372.7	1,342.1	1,342.4	1,343.5	1,372.2	1,344.3	1,344.0	1,343.0	-1.0
Nondepository credit intermediation	628.1	643.7	639.5	642.7	628.9	639.5	640.6	643.0	2.4
Activities related to credit intermediation	328.7	336.1	336.7	337.5	329.0	334.9	336.5	337.8	1.3
Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts	970.1	1,016.9	999.4	1,007.4	973.6	1,011.0	1,007.0	1,011.1	4.1
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,803.7	2,823.9	2,806.2	2,818.3	2,805.1	2,809.8	2,812.1	2,818.4	6.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,170.5	2,320.9	2,270.1	2,293.3	2,213.2	2,314.8	2,316.3	2,335.1	18.8
Real estate	1,691.7	1,793.5	1,750.6	1,769.8	1,717.9	1,783.2	1,780.8	1,796.6	15.8
Rental and leasing services	458.5	506.7	499.6	503.5	474.6	511.2	515.2	518.2	3.0
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	20.3	20.7	19.9	20.0	20.7	20.4	20.3	20.3	0.0
Professional and business services	20,649	21,964	21,520	21,790	20,902	21,821	21,894	21,989	95
Professional and technical services	9,682.2	10,214.7	10,169.6	10,270.3	9,636.6	10,173.4	10,199.0	10,231.0	32.0
Legal services	1,137.7	1,182.7	1,168.4	1,169.1	1,141.6	1,173.8	1,174.3	1,174.2	-0.1
Accounting and bookkeeping services	1,107.0	1,075.1	1,100.2	1,147.1	1,013.3	1,069.7	1,061.5	1,060.7	-0.8
Architectural and engineering services	1,492.6	1,589.6	1,577.9	1,584.0	1,511.9	1,590.4	1,599.1	1,603.5	4.4
Specialized design services	134.8	149.7	144.0	145.8	136.0	147.7	146.3	147.0	0.7
Computer systems design and related services	2,248.1	2,368.3	2,374.2	2,383.8	2,246.2	2,368.5	2,376.7	2,381.2	4.5
Management and technical consulting services	1,572.6	1,721.0	1,700.5	1,713.8	1,581.9	1,702.0	1,712.6	1,722.1	9.5
Scientific research and development services	794.9	851.7	846.0	854.8	800.2	850.2	852.1	860.4	8.3
Advertising and related services	436.0	463.5	457.6	466.1	437.2	460.8	463.2	466.1	2.9
Other professional and technical services	758.5	813.1	800.8	805.8	768.4	810.2	813.1	815.8	2.7
Management of companies and enterprises	2,322.9	2,356.3	2,346.7	2,357.1	2,333.8	2,350.5	2,355.0	2,367.2	12.2
Administrative and waste services	8,643.9	9,392.5	9,004.0	9,162.3	8,931.5	9,297.1	9,340.2	9,391.0	50.8
Administrative and support services	8,200.0	8,924.8	8,548.6	8,706.7	8,480.6	8,834.4	8,879.0	8,927.7	48.7
Office administrative services	523.9	562.2	563.0	570.2	527.5	563.5	567.7	573.9	6.2
Facilities support services	156.6	154.7	153.3	153.4	156.9	154.4	153.6	153.8	0.2
Employment services(1)	3,412.7	3,917.3	3,689.9	3,813.2	3,514.2	3,776.7	3,812.8	3,856.9	44.1
Temporary help services	2,784.8	3,207.1	3,001.9	3,113.9	2,870.2	3,077.3	3,110.7	3,146.2	35.5
Business support services	822.6	825.2	808.5	805.7	818.7	800.0	801.0	800.6	-0.4
Travel arrangement and reservation services	128.0	143.5	142.4	144.4	133.0	146.0	146.8	149.1	2.3
Investigation and security services	905.5	918.1	901.7	906.4	911.1	910.3	913.3	911.8	-1.5
Services to buildings and dwellings	1,967.8	2,101.1	1,991.1	2,009.7	2,132.3	2,176.3	2,177.7	2,174.6	-3.1
Other support services	282.9	302.7	298.7	303.7	286.9	307.1	306.1	307.1	1.0
Waste management and remediation services	443.9	467.7	455.4	455.6	450.9	462.7	461.2	463.3	2.1
Education and health services	23,503	24,090	23,751	24,147	23,454	23,939	23,972	24,084	112
Educational services	3,594.8	3,788.5	3,610.3	3,857.0	3,488.1	3,709.2	3,728.9	3,746.5	17.6
Health care and social assistance	19,908.4	20,301.9	20,140.2	20,289.5	19,965.5	20,230.0	20,243.1	20,337.3	94.2
Health care(3)	15,920.2	16,167.6	16,053.3	16,146.5	15,965.0	16,103.8	16,121.3	16,184.8	63.5
Ambulatory health care services	7,739.4	8,043.6	7,979.5	8,055.4	7,764.7	8,006.8	8,023.3	8,076.9	53.6
Offices of physicians	2,696.7	2,797.0	2,775.2	2,800.0	2,704.0	2,780.5	2,790.3	2,805.4	15.1
Offices of dentists	968.6	1,016.0	1,018.9	1,019.8	975.5	1,017.3	1,022.2	1,025.9	3.7
Offices of other health practitioners	974.3	1,057.3	1,050.4	1,064.5	979.5	1,052.6	1,056.4	1,068.5	12.1
Outpatient care centers	984.2	1,012.7	1,002.6	1,006.1	984.5	1,006.3	1,005.7	1,007.3	1.6
Medical and diagnostic laboratories	301.7	311.7	306.5	310.4	299.8	309.1	306.6	309.2	2.6
Home health care services	1,500.4	1,534.7	1,512.3	1,539.5	1,509.3	1,527.8	1,526.3	1,546.0	19.7
Other ambulatory health care services	313.5	314.2	313.6	315.1	312.2	313.3	315.9	314.5	-1.4
Hospitals	5,114.8	5,142.7	5,117.4	5,122.3	5,121.1	5,126.4	5,125.6	5,128.3	2.7
Nursing and residential care facilities	3,066.0	2,981.3	2,956.4	2,968.8	3,079.2	2,970.6	2,972.4	2,979.6	7.2
Nursing care facilities	1,400.8	1,352.4	1,346.3	1,346.3	1,406.3	1,346.2	1,350.0	1,351.6	1.6
Residential mental health facilities	613.4	599.8	591.8	595.4	614.9	598.2	595.4	596.6	1.2
Community care facilities for the elderly	896.7	875.0	863.9	871.7	902.0	871.1	871.4	875.4	4.0
Other residential care facilities	155.1	154.1	154.4	155.4	156.1	155.0	155.6	156.0	0.4
Social assistance	3,988.2	4,134.3	4,086.9	4,143.0	4,000.5	4,126.2	4,121.8	4,152.5	30.7
Individual and family services	2,665.5	2,742.7	2,705.1	2,740.9	2,671.5	2,738.1	2,727.8	2,748.5	20.7
Emergency and other relief services	191.9	198.2	195.5	198.7	192.2	196.2	195.8	198.2	2.4
Vocational rehabilitation services	266.1	274.0	269.1	271.2	269.6	274.7	275.4	275.1	-0.3
Child day care services	864.7	919.4	917.2	932.2	867.2	917.2	922.8	930.7	7.9
Leisure and hospitality	12,540	14,804	14,459	14,720	13,270	15,105	15,272	15,451	179
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1,556.6	2,049.6	1,950.9	1,999.7	1,795.8	2,192.3	2,211.0	2,239.0	28.0
Performing arts and spectator sports	282.3	448.7	388.7	409.9	323.0	452.2	449.1	453.1	4.0
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	117.5	146.5	137.2	138.7	131.8	148.2	149.9	152.0	2.1
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,156.8	1,454.4	1,425.0	1,451.1	1,341.0	1,591.9	1,612.0	1,633.9	21.9
Accommodation and food services	10,983.8	12,754.7	12,507.9	12,720.4	11,473.7	12,912.9	13,061.0	13,212.2	151.2
Accommodation	1,229.0	1,567.7	1,533.1	1,563.8	1,338.0	1,624.7	1,648.1	1,675.6	27.5
Food services and drinking places	9,754.8	11,187.0	10,974.8	11,156.6	10,135.7	11,288.2	11,412.9	11,536.6	123.7
Other services	5,266	5,586	5,521	5,565	5,339	5,604	5,609	5,634	25
Repair and maintenance	1,294.9	1,393.6	1,370.8	1,389.0	1,310.6	1,401.0	1,393.6	1,403.1	9.5
Personal and laundry services	1,275.7	1,420.4	1,394.6	1,407.1	1,299.7	1,416.8	1,423.1	1,431.7	8.6
Membership associations and organizations	2,695.5	2,772.3	2,755.3	2,768.9	2,728.9	2,786.0	2,791.8	2,799.5	7.7
Government	21,993	22,430	22,032	22,384	21,805	22,141	22,174	22,198	24
Federal	2,867	2,894	2,859	2,856	2,888	2,876	2,875	2,875	0
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,260.3	2,268.8	2,248.7	2,247.7	2,277.2	2,269.6	2,264.5	2,264.1	-0.4
U.S. Postal Service	606.4	625.6	610.2	608.5	611.0	606.1	610.2	611.1	0.9
State government	5,268	5,325	5,147	5,366	5,157	5,237	5,239	5,242	3
State government education	2,583.0	2,692.8	2,527.4	2,747.1	2,463.3	2,595.7	2,606.9	2,611.8	4.9
State government, excluding education	2,684.8	2,632.3	2,619.7	2,618.8	2,693.6	2,641.5	2,632.4	2,629.7	-2.7
Local government	13,858	14,211	14,026	14,162	13,760	14,028	14,060	14,081	21
Local government education	7,669.2	7,934.1	7,798.8	7,923.9	7,449.6	7,677.0	7,708.1	7,722.9	14.8
Local government, excluding education	6,189.0	6,276.8	6,227.6	6,238.5	6,310.7	6,350.8	6,351.5	6,357.8	6.3
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.6	34.8	34.6	34.7
Goods-producing	39.8	40.1	39.9	40.4
Mining and logging	44.8	44.9	44.3	45.0
Construction	38.5	39.2	38.8	39.6
Manufacturing	40.4	40.4	40.3	40.7
Durable goods	40.6	40.6	40.5	41.0
Nondurable goods	40.1	40.0	39.9	40.2
Private service-providing	33.6	33.7	33.5	33.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.2	34.6	34.1	34.1
Wholesale trade	38.7	39.2	39.1	39.2
Retail trade	30.5	31.3	30.4	30.4
Transportation and warehousing	38.8	38.1	38.0	38.0
Utilities	42.7	42.5	42.7	42.4
Information	37.2	36.9	37.0	37.0
Financial activities	37.7	37.5	37.4	37.6
Professional and business services	36.5	36.7	36.7	36.7
Education and health services	33.3	33.4	33.4	33.5
Leisure and hospitality	25.3	26.1	25.7	25.8
Other services	32.2	32.3	32.3	32.4
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.2	3.2	3.4	3.6
Durable goods	3.1	3.2	3.4	3.6
Nondurable goods	3.3	3.2	3.4	3.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)
Total private	$30.04	$31.38	$31.57	$31.58	$1,039.38	$1,092.02	$1,092.32	$1,095.83
Goods-producing	30.43	31.69	31.88	31.83	1,211.11	1,270.77	1,272.01	1,285.93
Mining and logging	34.53	35.66	35.87	35.60	1,546.94	1,601.13	1,589.04	1,602.00
Construction	32.27	33.62	33.83	33.91	1,242.40	1,317.90	1,312.60	1,342.84
Manufacturing	29.18	30.35	30.55	30.41	1,178.87	1,226.14	1,231.17	1,237.69
Durable goods	30.65	31.88	32.14	31.94	1,244.39	1,294.33	1,301.67	1,309.54
Nondurable goods	26.73	27.79	27.88	27.84	1,071.87	1,111.60	1,112.41	1,119.17
Private service-providing	29.95	31.31	31.50	31.52	1,006.32	1,055.15	1,055.25	1,059.07
Trade, transportation, and utilities	25.71	27.00	27.16	27.35	879.28	934.20	926.16	932.64
Wholesale trade	33.13	34.42	34.46	34.58	1,282.13	1,349.26	1,347.39	1,355.54
Retail trade	21.32	22.50	22.62	22.83	650.26	704.25	687.65	694.03
Transportation and warehousing	25.74	27.36	27.47	27.72	998.71	1,042.42	1,043.86	1,053.36
Utilities	44.11	45.96	46.20	46.13	1,883.50	1,953.30	1,972.74	1,955.91
Information	44.66	44.96	45.33	45.93	1,661.35	1,659.02	1,677.21	1,699.41
Financial activities	39.58	40.65	40.74	40.32	1,492.17	1,524.38	1,523.68	1,516.03
Professional and business services	35.77	37.68	37.93	37.97	1,305.61	1,382.86	1,392.03	1,393.50
Education and health services	29.40	31.01	31.21	31.19	979.02	1,035.73	1,042.41	1,044.87
Leisure and hospitality	17.40	19.40	19.37	19.35	440.22	506.34	497.81	499.23
Other services	27.10	28.42	28.48	28.43	872.62	917.97	919.90	921.13
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)	Percent change from: Jan. 2022 - Feb. 2022(p)	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)	Percent change from: Jan. 2022 - Feb. 2022(p)
Total private	105.9	111.0	110.8	111.7	0.8	152.1	166.6	167.2	168.6	0.8
Goods-producing	91.0	94.5	94.2	95.8	1.7	125.2	135.4	135.7	137.9	1.6
Mining and logging	76.3	83.2	82.3	84.8	3.0	105.8	119.2	118.5	121.3	2.4
Construction	97.0	102.0	101.0	103.9	2.9	136.0	149.0	148.5	153.1	3.1
Manufacturing	88.8	91.3	91.1	92.3	1.3	120.5	128.8	129.5	130.5	0.8
Durable goods	86.9	89.3	89.2	90.6	1.6	118.3	126.5	127.4	128.5	0.9
Nondurable goods	92.5	94.6	94.5	95.6	1.2	125.5	133.4	133.7	135.0	1.0
Private service-providing	110.2	115.4	115.2	116.2	0.9	160.4	175.7	176.4	178.0	0.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	102.3	106.3	105.3	105.7	0.4	141.8	154.8	154.2	155.9	1.1
Wholesale trade	96.0	99.4	99.4	100.0	0.6	133.0	143.1	143.2	144.6	1.0
Retail trade	94.7	99.1	96.7	96.9	0.2	133.4	147.4	144.6	146.2	1.1
Transportation and warehousing	132.6	137.5	138.2	139.3	0.8	173.6	191.3	193.2	196.4	1.7
Utilities	100.2	98.9	99.6	98.9	-0.7	146.0	150.2	152.0	150.7	-0.9
Information	93.7	98.2	98.8	98.8	0.0	149.0	157.1	159.4	161.5	1.3
Financial activities	107.8	108.9	108.6	109.7	1.0	166.4	172.7	172.6	172.5	-0.1
Professional and business services	119.6	125.6	126.0	126.5	0.4	173.3	191.6	193.5	194.5	0.5
Education and health services	127.5	130.6	130.7	131.7	0.8	180.4	194.8	196.3	197.7	0.7
Leisure and hospitality	95.8	112.5	112.0	113.7	1.5	134.5	176.1	175.0	177.6	1.5
Other services	99.1	104.4	104.5	105.2	0.7	147.2	162.6	163.1	164.0	0.6
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)
Total nonfarm	71,412	74,233	74,428	74,775	49.7	49.7	49.7	49.7
Total private	58,856	61,405	61,569	61,884	48.3	48.3	48.3	48.3
Goods-producing	4,567	4,719	4,729	4,760	22.8	22.8	22.8	22.9
Mining and logging	74	77	77	78	13.7	13.1	13.0	13.0
Construction	986	1,045	1,049	1,061	13.5	13.8	13.9	13.9
Manufacturing	3,507	3,597	3,603	3,621	28.7	28.6	28.7	28.7
Durable goods	1,857	1,907	1,912	1,918	24.4	24.4	24.4	24.4
Nondurable goods	1,650	1,690	1,691	1,703	35.7	35.7	35.6	35.8
Private service-providing	54,289	56,686	56,840	57,124	53.3	53.3	53.2	53.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10,733	11,112	11,181	11,235	39.2	39.5	39.5	39.6
Wholesale trade	1,681.8	1,733.9	1,736.5	1,743.3	29.9	30.2	30.1	30.2
Retail trade	7,406.9	7,590.3	7,630.8	7,655.6	48.4	48.7	48.7	48.8
Transportation and warehousing	1,510.1	1,652.9	1,678.6	1,701.2	25.4	26.3	26.5	26.7
Utilities	134.4	135.1	135.2	135.0	24.8	25.1	25.1	25.0
Information	1,098	1,153	1,153	1,153	39.8	39.6	39.4	39.4
Financial activities	4,935	4,951	4,951	4,963	56.6	55.9	55.8	55.8
Professional and business services	9,603	10,101	10,120	10,167	45.9	46.3	46.2	46.2
Education and health services	18,077	18,415	18,408	18,492	77.1	76.9	76.8	76.8
Leisure and hospitality	7,010	7,980	8,041	8,111	52.8	52.8	52.7	52.5
Other services	2,833	2,974	2,986	3,003	53.1	53.1	53.2	53.3
Government	12,556	12,828	12,859	12,891	57.6	57.9	58.0	58.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [In thousands]

Industry	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)
Total private	99,159	103,605	103,931	104,392
Goods-producing	14,279	14,803	14,826	14,904
Mining and logging	393	444	444	450
Construction	5,409	5,588	5,593	5,618
Manufacturing	8,477	8,771	8,789	8,836
Durable goods	5,167	5,386	5,401	5,430
Nondurable goods	3,310	3,385	3,388	3,406
Private service-providing	84,880	88,802	89,105	89,488
Trade, transportation, and utilities	23,093	23,811	23,880	23,943
Wholesale trade	4,463.3	4,575.9	4,585.2	4,598.8
Retail trade	12,995.8	13,285.9	13,311.3	13,324.9
Transportation and warehousing	5,203.5	5,520.6	5,554.8	5,590.0
Utilities	430.5	428.9	429.1	429.5
Information	2,176	2,312	2,320	2,317
Financial activities	6,607	6,669	6,661	6,697
Professional and business services	16,704	17,491	17,532	17,577
Education and health services	20,517	20,856	20,892	20,950
Leisure and hospitality	11,478	13,122	13,284	13,447
Other services	4,305	4,541	4,536	4,557
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.1	34.1	34.0	34.1
Goods-producing	40.6	41.0	40.7	41.4
Mining and logging	45.3	46.4	45.9	46.8
Construction	38.9	39.9	39.6	40.7
Manufacturing	41.5	41.4	41.2	41.5
Durable goods	41.5	41.4	41.2	41.7
Nondurable goods	41.5	41.3	41.0	41.3
Private service-providing	33.0	33.0	32.8	32.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.3	34.1	33.9	34.0
Wholesale trade	38.5	39.1	39.1	39.2
Retail trade	30.9	30.6	30.2	30.3
Transportation and warehousing	38.6	37.8	37.7	37.9
Utilities	42.6	42.1	42.3	41.8
Information	36.5	36.5	36.7	36.7
Financial activities	37.4	37.4	37.3	37.4
Professional and business services	36.0	36.3	36.3	36.4
Education and health services	32.6	32.6	32.5	32.6
Leisure and hospitality	24.1	24.9	24.6	24.6
Other services	31.1	31.4	31.2	31.4
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	4.2	4.1	4.2	4.4
Durable goods	4.2	4.1	4.2	4.5
Nondurable goods	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.3
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)
Total private	$25.26	$26.74	$26.86	$26.94	$861.37	$911.83	$913.24	$918.65
Goods-producing	25.94	27.17	27.29	27.41	1,053.16	1,113.97	1,110.70	1,134.77
Mining and logging	30.46	32.09	31.91	31.91	1,379.84	1,488.98	1,464.67	1,493.39
Construction	29.82	31.25	31.45	31.62	1,160.00	1,246.88	1,245.42	1,286.93
Manufacturing	23.39	24.38	24.48	24.54	970.69	1,009.33	1,008.58	1,018.41
Durable goods	24.39	25.46	25.58	25.60	1,012.19	1,054.04	1,053.90	1,067.52
Nondurable goods	21.82	22.65	22.73	22.83	905.53	935.45	931.93	942.88
Private service-providing	25.12	26.65	26.77	26.84	828.96	879.45	878.06	883.04
Trade, transportation, and utilities	21.75	23.27	23.35	23.49	746.03	793.51	791.57	798.66
Wholesale trade	27.30	28.49	28.51	28.68	1,051.05	1,113.96	1,114.74	1,124.26
Retail trade	18.00	19.17	19.29	19.39	556.20	586.60	582.56	587.52
Transportation and warehousing	22.88	25.24	25.19	25.42	883.17	954.07	949.66	963.42
Utilities	39.54	41.09	41.17	40.82	1,684.40	1,729.89	1,741.49	1,706.28
Information	36.93	36.97	36.97	37.04	1,347.95	1,349.41	1,356.80	1,359.37
Financial activities	29.97	30.98	31.08	31.12	1,120.88	1,158.65	1,159.28	1,163.89
Professional and business services	29.81	31.65	31.88	31.95	1,073.16	1,148.90	1,157.24	1,162.98
Education and health services	26.25	28.20	28.32	28.38	855.75	919.32	920.40	925.19
Leisure and hospitality	15.07	17.16	17.12	17.22	363.19	427.28	421.15	423.61
Other services	23.07	24.28	24.39	24.48	717.48	762.39	760.97	768.67
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)	Percent change from: Jan. 2022 - Feb. 2022(p)	Feb. 2021	Dec. 2021	Jan. 2022(p)	Feb. 2022(p)	Percent change from: Jan. 2022 - Feb. 2022(p)
Total private	112.7	117.7	117.8	118.6	0.7	190.2	210.4	211.4	213.6	1.0
Goods-producing	88.6	92.7	92.2	94.3	2.3	140.7	154.3	154.1	158.3	2.7
Mining and logging	94.6	109.5	108.3	111.9	3.3	167.6	204.3	201.0	207.7	3.3
Construction	105.4	111.6	110.9	114.5	3.2	169.6	188.4	188.3	195.5	3.8
Manufacturing	80.8	83.4	83.1	84.2	1.3	123.5	132.9	133.1	135.1	1.5
Durable goods	80.6	83.8	83.6	85.1	1.8	122.7	133.1	133.5	136.0	1.9
Nondurable goods	80.9	82.4	81.8	82.9	1.3	124.8	131.8	131.5	133.7	1.7
Private service-providing	119.3	124.9	124.5	125.4	0.7	205.6	228.2	228.6	230.9	1.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	110.8	113.5	113.2	113.8	0.5	172.2	188.8	188.9	191.1	1.2
Wholesale trade	102.0	106.2	106.4	107.0	0.6	164.3	178.6	179.0	181.1	1.2
Retail trade	101.6	102.9	101.7	102.2	0.5	156.7	169.0	168.2	169.8	1.0
Transportation and warehousing	152.0	157.9	158.5	160.3	1.1	221.4	253.7	254.1	259.4	2.1
Utilities	93.8	92.3	92.8	91.8	-1.1	154.8	158.4	159.5	156.4	-1.9
Information	90.7	96.3	97.2	97.1	-0.1	165.7	176.3	177.9	178.0	0.1
Financial activities	116.3	117.4	116.9	117.9	0.9	214.4	223.7	223.6	225.7	0.9
Professional and business services	134.5	142.0	142.3	143.1	0.6	238.3	267.2	269.8	271.8	0.7
Education and health services	142.6	145.0	144.8	145.6	0.6	247.1	269.8	270.6	272.8	0.8
Leisure and hospitality	101.3	119.7	119.7	121.2	1.3	173.4	233.2	232.7	237.0	1.8
Other services	93.9	100.0	99.3	100.4	1.1	157.8	176.9	176.4	179.0	1.5
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.