Employment Situation News Release

Economic News Release

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CPS

CES

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-16-2233
8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, December 2, 2016

Technical information:
Household data: (202) 691-6378 * cpsinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 * cesinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2016

The unemployment rate declined to 4.6 percent in November, and total nonfarm payroll
employment increased by 178,000, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Employment gains occurred in professional and business services and in health care.

Household Survey Data

In November, the unemployment rate decreased by 0.3 percentage point to 4.6 percent,
and the number of unemployed persons declined by 387,000 to 7.4 million. Both measures
had shown little movement, on net, from August 2015 through October 2016. (See
table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult men declined to 4.3
percent in November. The rates for adult women (4.2 percent), teenagers (15.2 percent),
Whites (4.2 percent), Blacks (8.1 percent), Asians (3.0 percent), and Hispanics (5.7 percent)
showed little or no change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs edged down by 194,000
to 3.6 million in November. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27
weeks or more) was little changed at 1.9 million and accounted for 24.8 percent of the
unemployed. Over the past 12 months, the number of long-term unemployed was down by
198,000. (See tables A-11 and A-12.)

The civilian labor force participation rate, at 62.7 percent, changed little in
November, and the employment-population ratio held at 59.7 percent. These measures
have shown little movement in recent months. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to
as involuntary part-time workers), at 5.7 million, changed little in November but was
down by 416,000 over the year. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time
employment, were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because
they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

In November, 1.9 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, up by
215,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals
were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a
job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they
had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 591,000 discouraged workers in November, little
different from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged
workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are
available for them. The remaining 1.3 million persons marginally attached to the labor
force in November had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or
family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 178,000 in November. Thus far in 2016,
employment growth has averaged 180,000 per month, compared with an average monthly
increase of 229,000 in 2015. In November, employment gains occurred in professional
and business services and in health care. (See table B-1.)

Employment in professional and business services rose by 63,000 in November and has
risen by 571,000 over the year. Over the month, accounting and bookkeeping services
added 18,000 jobs. Employment continued to trend up in administrative and support
services (+36,000), computer systems design and related services (+5,000), and
management and technical consulting services (+4,000).

Health care employment rose by 28,000 in November. Within the industry, employment growth
occurred in ambulatory health care services (+22,000). Over the past 12 months, health
care has added 407,000 jobs.

Employment in construction continued on its recent upward trend in November (+19,000), with
a gain in residential specialty trade contractors (+15,000). Over the past 3 months,
construction has added 59,000 jobs, largely in residential construction.

Employment in other major industries, including mining, manufacturing, wholesale trade,
retail trade, transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, leisure
and hospitality, and government, changed little over the month.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.4
hours in November. In manufacturing, the workweek declined by 0.2 hour to 40.6 hours,
while overtime was unchanged at 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.6 hours. (See
tables B-2 and B-7.)

In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls
declined by 3 cents to $25.89, following an 11-cent increase in October. Over the year,
average hourly earnings have risen by 2.5 percent. Average hourly earnings of private-
sector production and nonsupervisory employees edged up by 2 cents to $21.73 in November.
(See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised up from +191,000
to +208,000, and the change for October was revised down from +161,000 to +142,000. With
these revisions, employment gains in September and October combined were 2,000 less than
previously reported. Over the past 3 months, job gains have averaged 176,000 per month.

_____________
The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday,
January 6, 2017, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).

_______________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data |
| |
|In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation news release for December |
|2016, scheduled for January 6, 2017, will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally |
|adjusted household survey data. Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years |
|are subject to revision. |
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|

_______________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Upcoming Changes to the Establishment Survey Data |
| |
|Effective with the release of January 2017 data on February 3, 2017, the Current |
|Employment Statistics (CES) program will begin using an improved methodology to select |
|models for annual seasonal adjustment processing. See www.bls.gov/ces/cestramo.htm for |
|more information. |
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Category	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Change from: Oct. 2016- Nov. 2016
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	251,747	254,091	254,321	254,540	219
Civilian labor force	157,367	159,907	159,712	159,486	-226
Participation rate	62.5	62.9	62.8	62.7	-0.1
Employed	149,444	151,968	151,925	152,085	160
Employment-population ratio	59.4	59.8	59.7	59.7	0.0
Unemployed	7,924	7,939	7,787	7,400	-387
Unemployment rate	5.0	5.0	4.9	4.6	-0.3
Not in labor force	94,380	94,184	94,609	95,055	446

Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	5.0	5.0	4.9	4.6	-0.3
Adult men (20 years and over)	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.3	-0.3
Adult women (20 years and over)	4.6	4.4	4.3	4.2	-0.1
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	15.6	15.8	15.6	15.2	-0.4
White	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.2	-0.1
Black or African American	9.4	8.3	8.6	8.1	-0.5
Asian	3.9	3.9	3.4	3.0	-0.4
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	6.4	6.4	5.7	5.7	0.0

Total, 25 years and over	4.1	4.2	4.0	3.9	-0.1
Less than a high school diploma	6.8	8.5	7.3	7.9	0.6
High school graduates, no college	5.4	5.2	5.5	4.9	-0.6
Some college or associate degree	4.4	4.2	3.8	3.9	0.1
Bachelor's degree and higher	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.3	-0.3

Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	3,873	3,967	3,749	3,555	-194
Job leavers	800	893	949	934	-15
Reentrants	2,449	2,333	2,354	2,274	-80
New entrants	847	805	793	729	-64

Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,412	2,574	2,397	2,421	24
5 to 14 weeks	2,253	2,234	2,296	2,136	-160
15 to 26 weeks	1,270	1,157	1,165	1,077	-88
27 weeks and over	2,054	1,974	1,979	1,856	-123

Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	6,085	5,894	5,889	5,669	-220
Slack work or business conditions	3,536	3,618	3,505	3,505	0
Could only find part-time work	2,221	1,969	2,118	1,909	-209
Part time for noneconomic reasons	20,171	20,688	20,691	21,018	327

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force	1,717	1,844	1,700	1,932	-
Discouraged workers	594	553	487	591	-
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	280	208	142	178
Total private	279	205	135	156
Goods-producing	53	21	7	17
Mining and logging	-15	1	-2	2
Construction	65	26	14	19
Manufacturing	3	-6	-5	-4
Durable goods(1)	-12	-6	-1	-6
Motor vehicles and parts	-4.0	-0.7	1.2	1.2
Nondurable goods	15	0	-4	2
Private service-providing	226	184	128	139
Wholesale trade	9.7	11.4	7.9	2.8
Retail trade	51.8	22.5	-8.9	-8.3
Transportation and warehousing	11.8	-3.2	12.2	8.9
Utilities	2.2	0.3	0.7	-0.3
Information	-18	5	-3	-10
Financial activities	18	2	9	6
Professional and business services(1)	48	87	48	63
Temporary help services	0.7	33.6	7.3	14.3
Education and health services(1)	45	38	44	44
Health care and social assistance	42.4	22.5	37.4	34.7
Leisure and hospitality	46	8	15	29
Other services	11	13	3	4
Government	1	3	7	22

(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	241	212	175	176
Total private	248	186	157	165

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)
Total nonfarm women employees	49.4	49.7	49.6	49.6
Total private women employees	47.9	48.2	48.2	48.2
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	82.4	82.3	82.3	82.3

HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.5	34.4	34.4	34.4
Average hourly earnings	$25.27	$25.81	$25.92	$25.89
Average weekly earnings	$871.82	$887.86	$891.65	$890.62
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	104.6	105.8	106.0	106.1
Over-the-month percent change	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	126.4	130.6	131.3	131.3
Over-the-month percent change	0.5	0.8	0.5	0.0

DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)(5)
Total private (262 industries)	62.2	58.0	59.2	55.5
Manufacturing (79 industries)	55.1	46.2	48.1	46.8
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
insurance benefits?

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
looking for work?

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on
payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
businesses-pay-workers.htm.

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather.
Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 623,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-65,000 to +165,000 (50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, sex, and age	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	251,747	254,321	254,540	251,747	253,620	253,854	254,091	254,321	254,540
Civilian labor force	157,340	159,783	159,451	157,367	159,287	159,463	159,907	159,712	159,486
Participation rate	62.5	62.8	62.6	62.5	62.8	62.8	62.9	62.8	62.7
Employed	149,766	152,335	152,385	149,444	151,517	151,614	151,968	151,925	152,085
Employment-population ratio	59.5	59.9	59.9	59.4	59.7	59.7	59.8	59.7	59.7
Unemployed	7,573	7,447	7,066	7,924	7,770	7,849	7,939	7,787	7,400
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.7	4.4	5.0	4.9	4.9	5.0	4.9	4.6
Not in labor force	94,407	94,539	95,089	94,380	94,333	94,391	94,184	94,609	95,055
Persons who currently want a job	5,326	5,613	5,524	5,637	5,886	5,833	6,088	5,912	5,876

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	121,577	122,889	122,998	121,577	122,539	122,656	122,775	122,889	122,998
Civilian labor force	83,258	84,991	84,628	83,503	84,826	84,906	85,084	85,034	84,874
Participation rate	68.5	69.2	68.8	68.7	69.2	69.2	69.3	69.2	69.0
Employed	79,142	80,966	80,763	79,182	80,548	80,674	80,755	80,722	80,843
Employment-population ratio	65.1	65.9	65.7	65.1	65.7	65.8	65.8	65.7	65.7
Unemployed	4,115	4,025	3,865	4,321	4,278	4,232	4,329	4,312	4,030
Unemployment rate	4.9	4.7	4.6	5.2	5.0	5.0	5.1	5.1	4.7
Not in labor force	38,319	37,898	38,370	38,074	37,713	37,750	37,691	37,855	38,125

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	113,149	114,401	114,506	113,149	114,058	114,173	114,289	114,401	114,506
Civilian labor force	80,548	82,065	81,751	80,623	81,834	81,838	82,019	82,004	81,823
Participation rate	71.2	71.7	71.4	71.3	71.7	71.7	71.8	71.7	71.5
Employed	76,911	78,538	78,405	76,823	78,048	78,143	78,195	78,233	78,343
Employment-population ratio	68.0	68.7	68.5	67.9	68.4	68.4	68.4	68.4	68.4
Unemployed	3,637	3,527	3,347	3,800	3,786	3,695	3,825	3,771	3,480
Unemployment rate	4.5	4.3	4.1	4.7	4.6	4.5	4.7	4.6	4.3
Not in labor force	32,601	32,337	32,755	32,526	32,224	32,335	32,269	32,398	32,684

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	130,170	131,432	131,542	130,170	131,081	131,198	131,317	131,432	131,542
Civilian labor force	74,082	74,791	74,823	73,865	74,461	74,557	74,823	74,678	74,612
Participation rate	56.9	56.9	56.9	56.7	56.8	56.8	57.0	56.8	56.7
Employed	70,624	71,369	71,622	70,262	70,969	70,940	71,213	71,202	71,242
Employment-population ratio	54.3	54.3	54.4	54.0	54.1	54.1	54.2	54.2	54.2
Unemployed	3,458	3,423	3,201	3,603	3,492	3,617	3,610	3,475	3,370
Unemployment rate	4.7	4.6	4.3	4.9	4.7	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.5
Not in labor force	56,088	56,640	56,719	56,305	56,620	56,641	56,493	56,754	56,930

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	121,979	123,179	123,285	121,979	122,835	122,949	123,066	123,179	123,285
Civilian labor force	71,482	72,061	72,109	71,139	71,572	71,630	71,893	71,811	71,753
Participation rate	58.6	58.5	58.5	58.3	58.3	58.3	58.4	58.3	58.2
Employed	68,335	68,997	69,203	67,891	68,508	68,415	68,723	68,716	68,730
Employment-population ratio	56.0	56.0	56.1	55.7	55.8	55.6	55.8	55.8	55.7
Unemployed	3,147	3,064	2,906	3,249	3,065	3,215	3,169	3,094	3,023
Unemployment rate	4.4	4.3	4.0	4.6	4.3	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.2
Not in labor force	50,497	51,117	51,176	50,840	51,262	51,319	51,173	51,368	51,532

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,619	16,741	16,749	16,619	16,728	16,732	16,737	16,741	16,749
Civilian labor force	5,310	5,656	5,591	5,605	5,881	5,995	5,995	5,898	5,910
Participation rate	32.0	33.8	33.4	33.7	35.2	35.8	35.8	35.2	35.3
Employed	4,520	4,800	4,778	4,729	4,961	5,056	5,050	4,976	5,013
Employment-population ratio	27.2	28.7	28.5	28.5	29.7	30.2	30.2	29.7	29.9
Unemployed	790	856	814	875	920	938	945	922	897
Unemployment rate	14.9	15.1	14.6	15.6	15.6	15.7	15.8	15.6	15.2
Not in labor force	11,309	11,084	11,158	11,014	10,847	10,737	10,741	10,843	10,839
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, race, sex, and age	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	197,377	198,633	198,745	197,377	198,253	198,380	198,509	198,633	198,745
Civilian labor force	123,534	124,779	124,549	123,496	124,793	124,756	124,873	124,739	124,611
Participation rate	62.6	62.8	62.7	62.6	62.9	62.9	62.9	62.8	62.7
Employed	118,503	119,677	119,680	118,115	119,426	119,281	119,427	119,333	119,409
Employment-population ratio	60.0	60.3	60.2	59.8	60.2	60.1	60.2	60.1	60.1
Unemployed	5,031	5,102	4,869	5,381	5,367	5,475	5,446	5,406	5,202
Unemployment rate	4.1	4.1	3.9	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.2
Not in labor force	73,843	73,854	74,197	73,881	73,460	73,624	73,636	73,894	74,134
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	64,489	65,359	65,096	64,503	65,232	65,226	65,310	65,292	65,163
Participation rate	71.5	72.0	71.7	71.6	72.0	72.0	72.0	71.9	71.7
Employed	62,027	62,886	62,716	61,884	62,556	62,546	62,608	62,614	62,651
Employment-population ratio	68.8	69.3	69.0	68.7	69.1	69.0	69.0	69.0	69.0
Unemployed	2,462	2,473	2,380	2,619	2,676	2,680	2,703	2,678	2,511
Unemployment rate	3.8	3.8	3.7	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.1	3.9
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	54,906	55,014	55,065	54,638	54,948	54,863	54,888	54,859	54,807
Participation rate	57.8	57.6	57.6	57.6	57.6	57.5	57.5	57.4	57.4
Employed	52,860	52,993	53,168	52,466	52,913	52,720	52,809	52,776	52,785
Employment-population ratio	55.7	55.5	55.6	55.3	55.5	55.3	55.3	55.3	55.2
Unemployed	2,046	2,021	1,897	2,172	2,035	2,144	2,080	2,082	2,022
Unemployment rate	3.7	3.7	3.4	4.0	3.7	3.9	3.8	3.8	3.7
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,139	4,406	4,388	4,355	4,613	4,666	4,674	4,588	4,642
Participation rate	33.6	35.7	35.5	35.4	37.4	37.8	37.8	37.2	37.6
Employed	3,616	3,799	3,796	3,765	3,957	4,014	4,010	3,943	3,973
Employment-population ratio	29.4	30.8	30.7	30.6	32.0	32.5	32.5	31.9	32.2
Unemployed	523	608	593	590	656	652	663	645	669
Unemployment rate	12.6	13.8	13.5	13.5	14.2	14.0	14.2	14.1	14.4

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	31,557	32,028	32,068	31,557	31,904	31,945	31,987	32,028	32,068
Civilian labor force	19,458	19,904	19,916	19,447	19,522	19,768	19,825	19,797	19,859
Participation rate	61.7	62.1	62.1	61.6	61.2	61.9	62.0	61.8	61.9
Employed	17,682	18,222	18,361	17,628	17,885	18,165	18,174	18,104	18,258
Employment-population ratio	56.0	56.9	57.3	55.9	56.1	56.9	56.8	56.5	56.9
Unemployed	1,776	1,682	1,555	1,819	1,637	1,603	1,650	1,693	1,600
Unemployment rate	9.1	8.4	7.8	9.4	8.4	8.1	8.3	8.6	8.1
Not in labor force	12,099	12,124	12,152	12,110	12,382	12,178	12,163	12,231	12,209
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	8,740	9,046	9,009	8,752	8,994	8,947	8,998	9,011	9,016
Participation rate	66.6	67.8	67.4	66.7	67.7	67.3	67.5	67.5	67.5
Employed	7,915	8,284	8,355	7,885	8,254	8,264	8,259	8,228	8,322
Employment-population ratio	60.3	62.1	62.5	60.1	62.1	62.1	62.0	61.7	62.3
Unemployed	825	762	655	867	740	683	739	783	693
Unemployment rate	9.4	8.4	7.3	9.9	8.2	7.6	8.2	8.7	7.7
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,047	10,160	10,226	10,009	9,831	10,026	10,066	10,073	10,138
Participation rate	63.0	62.8	63.2	62.8	61.0	62.2	62.3	62.3	62.6
Employed	9,247	9,419	9,496	9,218	9,114	9,314	9,362	9,359	9,419
Employment-population ratio	58.0	58.3	58.7	57.8	56.6	57.8	58.0	57.9	58.2
Unemployed	801	740	730	791	717	712	704	714	719
Unemployment rate	8.0	7.3	7.1	7.9	7.3	7.1	7.0	7.1	7.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	671	698	681	686	697	795	761	713	705
Participation rate	26.9	27.7	27.0	27.6	27.7	31.6	30.2	28.3	28.0
Employed	521	518	510	525	518	587	553	516	517
Employment-population ratio	20.9	20.6	20.3	21.1	20.6	23.3	22.0	20.5	20.5
Unemployed	150	180	171	161	179	208	207	196	188
Unemployment rate	22.4	25.8	25.0	23.5	25.7	26.1	27.2	27.6	26.6

ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	14,476	15,344	15,323	14,476	15,211	15,304	15,310	15,344	15,323
Civilian labor force	9,100	9,717	9,584	9,132	9,651	9,702	9,764	9,807	9,633
Participation rate	62.9	63.3	62.5	63.1	63.4	63.4	63.8	63.9	62.9
Employed	8,743	9,393	9,292	8,778	9,281	9,290	9,381	9,470	9,340
Employment-population ratio	60.4	61.2	60.6	60.6	61.0	60.7	61.3	61.7	61.0
Unemployed	356	324	292	354	369	412	382	337	293
Unemployment rate	3.9	3.3	3.0	3.9	3.8	4.2	3.9	3.4	3.0
Not in labor force	5,377	5,627	5,739	5,344	5,560	5,603	5,547	5,537	5,690
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, sex, and age	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	40,005	41,011	41,102	40,005	40,732	40,825	40,919	41,011	41,102
Civilian labor force	26,304	26,954	27,066	26,225	26,785	26,987	27,064	26,922	26,989
Participation rate	65.8	65.7	65.8	65.6	65.8	66.1	66.1	65.6	65.7
Employed	24,654	25,482	25,540	24,543	25,347	25,468	25,327	25,381	25,445
Employment-population ratio	61.6	62.1	62.1	61.3	62.2	62.4	61.9	61.9	61.9
Unemployed	1,650	1,472	1,526	1,682	1,438	1,519	1,737	1,541	1,544
Unemployment rate	6.3	5.5	5.6	6.4	5.4	5.6	6.4	5.7	5.7
Not in labor force	13,701	14,057	14,037	13,780	13,947	13,838	13,856	14,089	14,113
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	14,427	14,902	14,932	14,377	14,842	14,897	14,837	14,865	14,889
Participation rate	80.0	80.6	80.6	79.7	80.8	80.9	80.4	80.4	80.4
Employed	13,665	14,208	14,162	13,601	14,141	14,184	14,035	14,120	14,116
Employment-population ratio	75.7	76.8	76.4	75.4	77.0	77.1	76.1	76.4	76.2
Unemployed	762	694	770	776	701	713	803	744	773
Unemployment rate	5.3	4.7	5.2	5.4	4.7	4.8	5.4	5.0	5.2
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,819	10,917	11,035	10,754	10,797	10,957	10,999	10,905	10,968
Participation rate	59.3	58.3	58.8	59.0	58.1	58.8	58.9	58.3	58.5
Employed	10,090	10,344	10,476	10,031	10,226	10,322	10,292	10,307	10,410
Employment-population ratio	55.3	55.3	55.8	55.0	55.0	55.4	55.1	55.1	55.5
Unemployed	729	573	559	723	571	635	707	598	558
Unemployment rate	6.7	5.2	5.1	6.7	5.3	5.8	6.4	5.5	5.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,058	1,135	1,099	1,095	1,146	1,133	1,227	1,153	1,132
Participation rate	28.4	29.8	28.8	29.4	30.3	29.9	32.3	30.3	29.7
Employed	899	930	902	912	980	963	1,000	954	919
Employment-population ratio	24.1	24.5	23.7	24.5	25.9	25.4	26.3	25.1	24.1
Unemployed	159	205	196	183	166	170	227	198	213
Unemployment rate	15.0	18.0	17.9	16.7	14.5	15.0	18.5	17.2	18.8
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	11,014	10,450	10,678	10,958	10,638	10,809	10,828	10,678	10,617
Participation rate	46.0	44.4	45.5	45.7	47.0	46.5	45.7	45.4	45.2
Employed	10,271	9,753	9,858	10,210	9,969	10,035	9,902	9,895	9,783
Employment-population ratio	42.9	41.5	42.0	42.6	44.0	43.2	41.8	42.1	41.6
Unemployed	743	698	820	748	669	774	926	783	834
Unemployment rate	6.7	6.7	7.7	6.8	6.3	7.2	8.5	7.3	7.9

High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	35,333	36,168	35,873	35,224	35,547	35,793	35,704	35,852	35,862
Participation rate	57.3	58.3	57.8	57.2	57.1	57.1	57.4	57.8	57.8
Employed	33,495	34,314	34,175	33,315	33,758	33,985	33,857	33,895	34,096
Employment-population ratio	54.4	55.3	55.1	54.1	54.2	54.2	54.4	54.6	54.9
Unemployed	1,838	1,854	1,698	1,910	1,789	1,808	1,847	1,958	1,766
Unemployment rate	5.2	5.1	4.7	5.4	5.0	5.1	5.2	5.5	4.9

Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	37,428	38,196	38,110	37,610	37,791	37,571	37,900	38,158	38,236
Participation rate	66.4	66.5	66.3	66.7	66.2	66.5	67.0	66.5	66.5
Employed	35,834	36,773	36,684	35,957	36,182	35,970	36,296	36,706	36,748
Employment-population ratio	63.5	64.1	63.8	63.8	63.4	63.7	64.2	64.0	63.9
Unemployed	1,593	1,423	1,426	1,653	1,609	1,601	1,604	1,452	1,488
Unemployment rate	4.3	3.7	3.7	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.2	3.8	3.9

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	52,933	54,179	54,054	52,757	54,100	54,068	54,341	54,101	53,923
Participation rate	74.2	74.3	73.9	74.0	74.0	74.1	74.2	74.1	73.7
Employed	51,681	52,801	52,867	51,451	52,741	52,618	52,967	52,709	52,679
Employment-population ratio	72.5	72.4	72.3	72.1	72.1	72.1	72.3	72.2	72.0
Unemployed	1,252	1,378	1,187	1,306	1,359	1,450	1,374	1,392	1,244
Unemployment rate	2.4	2.5	2.2	2.5	2.5	2.7	2.5	2.6	2.3
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	21,085	20,782	19,081	18,762	2,004	2,020
Civilian labor force	10,763	10,493	9,508	9,218	1,255	1,275
Participation rate	51.0	50.5	49.8	49.1	62.6	63.1
Employed	10,372	9,994	9,173	8,812	1,198	1,181
Employment-population ratio	49.2	48.1	48.1	47.0	59.8	58.5
Unemployed	391	499	334	406	57	94
Unemployment rate	3.6	4.8	3.5	4.4	4.5	7.4
Not in labor force	10,322	10,289	9,573	9,544	749	745

Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,728	4,034	3,025	3,335	702	699
Civilian labor force	3,091	3,338	2,561	2,813	531	525
Participation rate	82.9	82.8	84.6	84.3	75.5	75.2
Employed	2,960	3,123	2,467	2,650	492	473
Employment-population ratio	79.4	77.4	81.6	79.5	70.1	67.7
Unemployed	131	216	93	163	38	53
Unemployment rate	4.2	6.5	3.6	5.8	7.2	10.0
Not in labor force	637	696	465	522	172	173

Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,389	3,295	2,915	2,783	475	512
Civilian labor force	2,676	2,609	2,331	2,231	346	377
Participation rate	79.0	79.2	80.0	80.2	72.8	73.7
Employed	2,594	2,522	2,259	2,163	335	359
Employment-population ratio	76.5	76.5	77.5	77.7	70.7	70.1
Unemployed	82	87	72	68	10	18
Unemployment rate	3.1	3.3	3.1	3.1	3.0	4.8
Not in labor force	713	687	584	552	129	135

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	8,739	8,341	8,427	8,042	312	299
Civilian labor force	2,244	1,944	2,174	1,877	70	67
Participation rate	25.7	23.3	25.8	23.3	22.6	22.5
Employed	2,168	1,867	2,105	1,804	63	63
Employment-population ratio	24.8	22.4	25.0	22.4	20.1	21.0
Unemployed	76	78	69	73	8	4
Unemployment rate	3.4	4.0	3.2	3.9	-	-
Not in labor force	6,495	6,397	6,253	6,165	242	232

Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,229	5,112	4,714	4,602	515	510
Civilian labor force	2,751	2,602	2,443	2,297	308	305
Participation rate	52.6	50.9	51.8	49.9	59.9	59.9
Employed	2,650	2,483	2,342	2,196	308	287
Employment-population ratio	50.7	48.6	49.7	47.7	59.8	56.3
Unemployed	101	119	101	101	1	19
Unemployment rate	3.7	4.6	4.1	4.4	0.2	6.1
Not in labor force	2,478	2,510	2,271	2,305	207	205

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	221,746	224,658	97,897	99,680	123,849	124,978
Civilian labor force	144,783	147,061	72,844	74,491	71,939	72,570
Participation rate	65.3	65.5	74.4	74.7	58.1	58.1
Employed	137,877	140,801	69,223	71,234	68,654	69,566
Employment-population ratio	62.2	62.7	70.7	71.5	55.4	55.7
Unemployed	6,906	6,260	3,621	3,256	3,285	3,003
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.3	5.0	4.4	4.6	4.1
Not in labor force	76,963	77,598	25,053	25,189	51,910	52,408
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
Employment status, sex, and age	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	29,591	30,170	222,156	224,371
Civilian labor force	5,672	6,023	151,667	153,428
Participation rate	19.2	20.0	68.3	68.4
Employed	4,985	5,423	144,781	146,962
Employment-population ratio	16.8	18.0	65.2	65.5
Unemployed	687	600	6,886	6,466
Unemployment rate	12.1	10.0	4.5	4.2
Not in labor force	23,918	24,147	70,489	70,942

Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,422	2,623	75,968	76,913
Participation rate	31.3	33.9	81.8	82.2
Employed	2,101	2,353	72,357	73,493
Employment-population ratio	27.2	30.4	77.9	78.6
Unemployed	322	270	3,611	3,421
Unemployment rate	13.3	10.3	4.8	4.4
Not in labor force	5,308	5,106	16,863	16,629

Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,297	2,313	67,718	68,243
Participation rate	28.6	28.4	70.5	70.8
Employed	1,996	2,052	64,706	65,477
Employment-population ratio	24.8	25.2	67.4	67.9
Unemployed	301	261	3,013	2,766
Unemployment rate	13.1	11.3	4.4	4.1
Not in labor force	5,745	5,833	28,305	28,205

Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	952	1,087	7,981	8,272
Participation rate	6.9	7.6	24.0	24.1
Employed	888	1,018	7,719	7,992
Employment-population ratio	6.4	7.1	23.2	23.2
Unemployed	64	69	262	280
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.3	3.3	3.4
Not in labor force	12,865	13,208	25,320	26,108
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
Employment status and nativity	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	40,353	41,898	19,729	20,306	20,624	21,592
Civilian labor force	26,665	27,384	15,474	15,842	11,191	11,542
Participation rate	66.1	65.4	78.4	78.0	54.3	53.5
Employed	25,495	26,196	14,891	15,211	10,604	10,985
Employment-population ratio	63.2	62.5	75.5	74.9	51.4	50.9
Unemployed	1,170	1,188	583	632	586	557
Unemployment rate	4.4	4.3	3.8	4.0	5.2	4.8
Not in labor force	13,688	14,514	4,254	4,464	9,433	10,050

Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	211,394	212,643	101,848	102,692	109,546	109,950
Civilian labor force	130,675	132,068	67,783	68,786	62,892	63,282
Participation rate	61.8	62.1	66.6	67.0	57.4	57.6
Employed	124,271	126,190	64,251	65,553	60,020	60,637
Employment-population ratio	58.8	59.3	63.1	63.8	54.8	55.1
Unemployed	6,403	5,878	3,532	3,233	2,872	2,645
Unemployment rate	4.9	4.5	5.2	4.7	4.6	4.2
Not in labor force	80,720	80,575	34,065	33,906	46,655	46,669
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands]
Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Category	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,363	2,408	2,366	2,424	2,388	2,520	2,441	2,321	2,438
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,540	1,575	1,535	1,557	1,605	1,617	1,530	1,496	1,558
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	801	810	796	822	766	873	886	816	829
Unpaid family workers	22	23	34	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	147,404	149,927	150,020	147,110	149,155	149,118	149,560	149,637	149,772
Wage and salary workers(1)	138,642	141,123	141,210	138,478	140,468	140,431	140,812	140,856	141,039
Government	21,140	20,746	21,114	21,088	20,430	20,670	20,798	20,654	20,932
Private industries	117,501	120,377	120,096	117,368	119,988	119,736	120,046	120,142	120,087
Private households	736	757	717	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	116,766	119,620	119,380	116,626	119,250	118,982	119,293	119,390	119,358
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	8,692	8,748	8,757	8,593	8,660	8,621	8,574	8,715	8,696
Unpaid family workers	70	57	53	-	-	-	-	-	-

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	5,967	5,648	5,518	6,085	5,940	6,053	5,894	5,889	5,669
Slack work or business conditions	3,468	3,321	3,391	3,536	3,642	3,727	3,618	3,505	3,505
Could only find part-time work	2,194	2,085	1,853	2,221	1,981	1,929	1,969	2,118	1,909
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	21,094	21,265	22,084	20,171	20,717	20,523	20,688	20,691	21,018
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	5,855	5,567	5,411	5,970	5,846	5,931	5,790	5,789	5,562
Slack work or business conditions	3,396	3,269	3,327	3,469	3,566	3,641	3,536	3,440	3,444
Could only find part-time work	2,183	2,079	1,832	2,208	1,965	1,911	1,956	2,100	1,883
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	20,721	20,930	21,757	19,783	20,337	20,185	20,333	20,369	20,656
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Characteristic	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	149,766	152,335	152,385	149,444	151,517	151,614	151,968	151,925	152,085
16 to 19 years	4,520	4,800	4,778	4,729	4,961	5,056	5,050	4,976	5,013
16 to 17 years	1,518	1,659	1,590	1,559	1,811	1,829	1,843	1,667	1,671
18 to 19 years	3,002	3,141	3,187	3,142	3,149	3,225	3,189	3,283	3,326
20 years and over	145,246	147,535	147,608	144,714	146,556	146,558	146,918	146,949	147,072
20 to 24 years	13,965	13,895	14,024	13,920	13,865	14,139	14,006	13,886	13,985
25 years and over	131,281	133,640	133,584	130,837	132,756	132,464	132,869	133,133	133,174
25 to 54 years	97,303	98,806	98,751	96,960	98,042	97,870	98,204	98,444	98,435
25 to 34 years	33,019	34,015	34,056	32,814	33,812	33,947	33,989	33,914	33,909
35 to 44 years	31,474	31,758	31,870	31,361	31,627	31,404	31,557	31,601	31,744
45 to 54 years	32,810	33,034	32,824	32,785	32,602	32,520	32,658	32,929	32,782
55 years and over	33,978	34,834	34,833	33,877	34,714	34,594	34,666	34,690	34,739

Men, 16 years and over	79,142	80,966	80,763	79,182	80,548	80,674	80,755	80,722	80,843
16 to 19 years	2,231	2,429	2,359	2,358	2,500	2,531	2,560	2,490	2,501
16 to 17 years	747	743	716	781	869	895	852	752	766
18 to 19 years	1,485	1,685	1,642	1,571	1,627	1,631	1,710	1,727	1,731
20 years and over	76,911	78,538	78,405	76,823	78,048	78,143	78,195	78,233	78,343
20 to 24 years	7,020	7,105	7,171	7,026	7,120	7,238	7,185	7,123	7,195
25 years and over	69,892	71,433	71,233	69,767	70,987	70,913	70,968	71,149	71,172
25 to 54 years	51,982	52,815	52,760	51,862	52,395	52,401	52,497	52,620	52,672
25 to 34 years	17,829	18,273	18,254	17,732	18,197	18,238	18,232	18,208	18,199
35 to 44 years	16,883	17,126	17,187	16,829	17,048	16,996	16,968	17,033	17,134
45 to 54 years	17,270	17,416	17,319	17,302	17,149	17,167	17,298	17,379	17,339
55 years and over	17,910	18,618	18,473	17,905	18,592	18,512	18,471	18,529	18,501

Women, 16 years and over	70,624	71,369	71,622	70,262	70,969	70,940	71,213	71,202	71,242
16 to 19 years	2,289	2,372	2,419	2,371	2,461	2,525	2,490	2,486	2,512
16 to 17 years	771	916	874	778	942	934	991	915	905
18 to 19 years	1,517	1,456	1,545	1,571	1,522	1,594	1,478	1,556	1,595
20 years and over	68,335	68,997	69,203	67,891	68,508	68,415	68,723	68,716	68,730
20 to 24 years	6,946	6,790	6,852	6,894	6,745	6,901	6,820	6,763	6,790
25 years and over	61,390	62,207	62,351	61,070	61,768	61,551	61,902	61,984	62,001
25 to 54 years	45,321	45,991	45,990	45,098	45,646	45,469	45,707	45,824	45,763
25 to 34 years	15,191	15,741	15,802	15,082	15,614	15,709	15,757	15,706	15,710
35 to 44 years	14,591	14,632	14,683	14,533	14,579	14,408	14,589	14,567	14,610
45 to 54 years	15,540	15,618	15,505	15,483	15,453	15,352	15,360	15,550	15,443
55 years and over	16,069	16,216	16,361	15,972	16,122	16,082	16,195	16,161	16,238

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	44,952	45,445	45,294	44,816	45,532	45,478	45,678	45,347	45,252
Married women, spouse present	35,503	35,608	35,653	35,185	35,316	35,350	35,493	35,406	35,332
Women who maintain families	9,702	10,034	9,935	-	-	-	-	-	-

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(1)	121,897	124,588	123,960	122,099	123,892	124,301	124,296	124,193	124,202
Part-time workers(2)	27,870	27,747	28,425	27,332	27,595	27,207	27,637	27,727	27,845

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	7,596	8,050	8,107	7,414	7,361	7,562	7,863	7,776	7,837
Percent of total employed	5.1	5.3	5.3	5.0	4.9	5.0	5.2	5.1	5.2

SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	5,692	5,704	5,898	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,493	9,558	9,553	9,415	9,426	9,495	9,461	9,532	9,525
Footnotes (1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
Characteristic	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	7,924	7,787	7,400	5.0	4.9	4.9	5.0	4.9	4.6
16 to 19 years	875	922	897	15.6	15.6	15.7	15.8	15.6	15.2
16 to 17 years	322	407	374	17.1	15.3	16.7	17.3	19.6	18.3
18 to 19 years	565	513	558	15.2	15.9	15.2	15.2	13.5	14.4
20 years and over	7,048	6,865	6,503	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.2
20 to 24 years	1,480	1,278	1,230	9.6	9.0	8.1	8.1	8.4	8.1
25 years and over	5,608	5,595	5,338	4.1	4.0	4.1	4.2	4.0	3.9
25 to 54 years	4,311	4,286	4,064	4.3	4.1	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.0
25 to 34 years	1,913	1,839	1,720	5.5	5.0	5.2	5.2	5.1	4.8
35 to 44 years	1,289	1,287	1,169	3.9	3.5	4.1	4.1	3.9	3.6
45 to 54 years	1,108	1,160	1,175	3.3	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.4	3.5
55 years and over	1,300	1,333	1,269	3.7	3.7	3.5	3.6	3.7	3.5

Men, 16 years and over	4,321	4,312	4,030	5.2	5.0	5.0	5.1	5.1	4.7
16 to 19 years	521	541	550	18.1	16.5	17.5	16.5	17.9	18.0
16 to 17 years	184	210	235	19.1	15.0	17.9	18.8	21.9	23.5
18 to 19 years	341	335	337	17.8	17.4	17.5	15.6	16.2	16.3
20 years and over	3,800	3,771	3,480	4.7	4.6	4.5	4.7	4.6	4.3
20 to 24 years	887	775	723	11.2	10.1	9.3	9.2	9.8	9.1
25 years and over	2,936	3,004	2,816	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.2	4.1	3.8
25 to 54 years	2,255	2,248	2,136	4.2	4.1	4.1	4.3	4.1	3.9
25 to 34 years	1,049	999	929	5.6	5.0	5.0	5.2	5.2	4.9
35 to 44 years	641	665	621	3.7	3.5	3.8	4.1	3.8	3.5
45 to 54 years	565	585	586	3.2	3.7	3.5	3.5	3.3	3.3
55 years and over	682	755	680	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.9	3.9	3.5

Women, 16 years and over	3,603	3,475	3,370	4.9	4.7	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.5
16 to 19 years	355	381	347	13.0	14.8	13.7	15.0	13.3	12.1
16 to 17 years	138	197	138	15.1	15.6	15.5	15.9	17.7	13.3
18 to 19 years	224	178	221	12.5	14.2	12.8	14.8	10.3	12.2
20 years and over	3,249	3,094	3,023	4.6	4.3	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.2
20 to 24 years	592	502	507	7.9	7.8	6.8	7.0	6.9	7.0
25 years and over	2,672	2,591	2,523	4.2	3.9	4.2	4.1	4.0	3.9
25 to 54 years	2,056	2,038	1,928	4.4	4.0	4.6	4.4	4.3	4.0
25 to 34 years	865	841	791	5.4	5.0	5.4	5.1	5.1	4.8
35 to 44 years	648	622	548	4.3	3.5	4.4	4.2	4.1	3.6
45 to 54 years	543	575	589	3.4	3.4	3.8	3.8	3.6	3.7
55 years and over	599	570	572	3.6	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.4

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	1,246	1,320	1,264	2.7	2.6	2.7	2.9	2.8	2.7
Married women, spouse present	1,107	1,091	991	3.1	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	2.7
Women who maintain families(1)	719	652	657	6.9	7.2	7.9	6.4	6.1	6.2

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(2)	6,554	6,330	6,177	5.1	4.9	4.9	5.0	4.8	4.7
Part-time workers(3)	1,416	1,469	1,307	4.9	4.9	5.0	4.9	5.0	4.5
Footnotes (1) Not seasonally adjusted. (2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands]
Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Reason	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	3,633	3,352	3,271	3,873	3,739	3,791	3,967	3,749	3,555
On temporary layoff	768	673	723	939	997	998	1,075	994	904
Not on temporary layoff	2,865	2,679	2,548	2,934	2,743	2,792	2,892	2,755	2,651
Permanent job losers	2,072	1,856	1,838	2,112	2,021	2,005	1,986	1,907	1,901
Persons who completed temporary jobs	793	823	710	822	722	787	906	847	750
Job leavers	791	975	936	800	824	885	893	949	934
Reentrants	2,361	2,374	2,188	2,449	2,298	2,271	2,333	2,354	2,274
New entrants	788	746	671	847	826	861	805	793	729

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	48.0	45.0	46.3	48.6	48.6	48.6	49.6	47.8	47.5
On temporary layoff	10.1	9.0	10.2	11.8	13.0	12.8	13.4	12.7	12.1
Not on temporary layoff	37.8	36.0	36.1	36.8	35.7	35.8	36.2	35.1	35.4
Job leavers	10.4	13.1	13.3	10.0	10.7	11.3	11.2	12.1	12.5
Reentrants	31.2	31.9	31.0	30.7	29.9	29.1	29.2	30.0	30.4
New entrants	10.4	10.0	9.5	10.6	10.7	11.0	10.1	10.1	9.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	2.3	2.1	2.1	2.5	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.3	2.2
Job leavers	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
Reentrants	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.4
New entrants	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands]
Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Duration	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,173	2,218	2,201	2,412	2,160	2,290	2,574	2,397	2,421
5 to 14 weeks	2,144	2,142	2,006	2,253	2,266	2,329	2,234	2,296	2,136
15 weeks and over	3,256	3,087	2,859	3,324	3,170	3,062	3,131	3,144	2,933
15 to 26 weeks	1,249	1,157	1,060	1,270	1,150	1,056	1,157	1,165	1,077
27 weeks and over	2,007	1,930	1,799	2,054	2,020	2,006	1,974	1,979	1,856

Average (mean) duration, in weeks	29.1	27.9	27.1	27.9	28.1	27.6	27.5	27.2	26.3
Median duration, in weeks	11.4	10.5	10.5	10.7	11.6	11.2	10.3	10.2	10.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	28.7	29.8	31.1	30.2	28.4	29.8	32.4	30.6	32.3
5 to 14 weeks	28.3	28.8	28.4	28.2	29.8	30.3	28.1	29.3	28.5
15 weeks and over	43.0	41.5	40.5	41.6	41.7	39.9	39.4	40.1	39.2
15 to 26 weeks	16.5	15.5	15.0	15.9	15.1	13.8	14.6	14.9	14.4
27 weeks and over	26.5	25.9	25.5	25.7	26.6	26.1	24.9	25.2	24.8
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
Occupation	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016
Total, 16 years and over(1)	149,766	152,385	7,573	7,066	4.8	4.4
Management, professional, and related occupations	58,667	59,707	1,276	1,382	2.1	2.3
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	24,101	25,051	513	592	2.1	2.3
Professional and related occupations	34,566	34,656	763	790	2.2	2.2
Service occupations	25,927	26,964	1,795	1,600	6.5	5.6
Sales and office occupations	33,728	33,869	1,649	1,501	4.7	4.2
Sales and related occupations	15,716	15,792	851	770	5.1	4.6
Office and administrative support occupations	18,012	18,077	798	732	4.2	3.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13,971	14,144	932	866	6.3	5.8
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	1,057	1,041	169	146	13.8	12.3
Construction and extraction occupations	7,892	8,091	578	562	6.8	6.5
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	5,021	5,012	185	158	3.5	3.1
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	17,475	17,701	1,115	1,018	6.0	5.4
Production occupations	8,252	8,258	437	449	5.0	5.2
Transportation and material moving occupations	9,223	9,443	678	568	6.8	5.7
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
Industry and class of worker	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016
Total, 16 years and over(1)	7,573	7,066	4.8	4.4
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	5,810	5,415	4.7	4.3
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	37	8.5	4.7
Construction	536	517	6.2	5.7
Manufacturing	622	619	4.0	3.9
Durable goods	384	341	3.9	3.4
Nondurable goods	238	278	4.1	4.7
Wholesale and retail trade	1,013	915	5.0	4.4
Transportation and utilities	271	209	4.3	3.2
Information	111	115	4.3	4.2
Financial activities	251	273	2.6	2.8
Professional and business services	839	753	5.2	4.5
Education and health services	734	716	3.2	3.1
Leisure and hospitality	1,005	1,011	7.4	7.1
Other services	348	249	5.3	3.8
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	170	156	10.2	9.6
Government workers	472	449	2.2	2.1
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	332	376	3.4	3.8
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent]
Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Measure	Nov. 2015	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	July 2016	Aug. 2016	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016	Nov. 2016
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	2.1	1.9	1.8	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.0	1.8
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	2.3	2.1	2.1	2.5	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.3	2.2
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	4.8	4.7	4.4	5.0	4.9	4.9	5.0	4.9	4.6
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	5.2	5.0	4.8	5.4	5.2	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.0
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	5.8	5.7	5.6	6.1	6.0	5.9	6.0	5.9	5.8
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	9.6	9.2	9.0	9.9	9.7	9.7	9.7	9.5	9.3
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Category	Total		Men		Women
Category	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016	Nov. 2015	Nov. 2016
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	94,407	95,089	38,319	38,370	56,088	56,719
Persons who currently want a job	5,326	5,524	2,599	2,636	2,726	2,889
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	1,717	1,932	947	1,020	770	912
Discouraged workers(2)	594	591	389	393	205	198
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,123	1,341	558	627	565	714

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	7,596	8,107	3,693	3,816	3,902	4,290
Percent of total employed	5.1	5.3	4.7	4.7	5.5	6.0
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	4,055	4,362	2,149	2,369	1,906	1,992
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	2,107	2,287	720	739	1,388	1,548
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	233	270	166	141	67	130
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,169	1,136	641	538	527	598
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
Industry	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)	Change from: Oct.2016 - Nov.2016(p)
Total nonfarm	144,122	145,052	145,920	146,399	142,875	144,808	144,950	145,128	178
Total private	121,611	122,900	123,332	123,657	120,847	122,592	122,727	122,883	156
Goods-producing	19,747	19,881	19,871	19,778	19,634	19,622	19,629	19,646	17

Mining and logging	776	688	691	692	771	682	680	682	2
Logging	51.7	50.8	51.0	50.4	50.3	49.2	49.3	49.1	-0.2
Mining	723.8	637.3	639.9	641.2	720.4	632.3	631.0	633.1	2.1
Oil and gas extraction	184.8	171.8	171.9	173.7	185.0	172.3	172.3	173.4	1.1
Mining, except oil and gas	193.5	184.4	184.5	185.2	192.4	181.5	181.8	183.1	1.3
Coal mining	62.1	52.8	53.6	54.3	62.0	52.9	53.4	53.7	0.3
Metal ore mining	39.5	38.5	38.5	38.6	39.9	38.7	38.8	38.7	-0.1
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying	91.9	93.1	92.4	92.3	90.6	89.9	89.6	90.7	1.1
Support activities for mining	345.5	281.1	283.5	282.3	343.0	278.5	276.9	276.6	-0.3

Construction	6,654	6,886	6,891	6,813	6,549	6,671	6,685	6,704	19
Construction of buildings	1,446.6	1,498.9	1,503.4	1,493.7	1,428.3	1,464.8	1,470.5	1,475.7	5.2
Residential building	712.9	754.4	756.5	754.5	702.2	735.1	738.1	743.0	4.9
Nonresidential building	733.7	744.5	746.9	739.2	726.1	729.7	732.4	732.7	0.3
Heavy and civil engineering construction	968.4	995.6	1,000.1	963.8	939.6	932.7	937.3	935.2	-2.1
Specialty trade contractors	4,239.4	4,391.9	4,387.0	4,355.7	4,180.9	4,273.1	4,277.4	4,292.9	15.5
Residential specialty trade contractors	1,842.7	1,937.6	1,929.9	1,923.1	1,821.1	1,882.9	1,886.0	1,900.7	14.7
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,396.7	2,454.3	2,457.1	2,432.6	2,359.8	2,390.2	2,391.4	2,392.2	0.8

Manufacturing	12,317	12,307	12,289	12,273	12,314	12,269	12,264	12,260	-4

Durable goods	7,732	7,670	7,669	7,661	7,733	7,663	7,662	7,656	-6
Wood products	385.9	384.0	385.5	386.3	383.7	381.7	383.2	383.9	0.7
Nonmetallic mineral products	403.1	409.0	410.0	406.5	400.2	401.9	402.9	402.3	-0.6
Primary metals	385.5	372.6	373.5	373.9	385.9	373.0	373.6	373.6	0.0
Fabricated metal products	1,441.7	1,419.5	1,421.1	1,419.0	1,444.4	1,420.6	1,420.4	1,418.8	-1.6
Machinery	1,105.0	1,076.9	1,074.8	1,071.3	1,106.0	1,078.5	1,075.1	1,071.2	-3.9
Computer and electronic products	1,039.8	1,032.5	1,030.7	1,032.4	1,041.4	1,034.2	1,033.3	1,034.2	0.9
Computer and peripheral equipment	154.8	161.9	161.5	161.6	155.5	162.4	162.7	162.9	0.2
Communications equipment	86.3	83.9	83.8	84.2	86.2	84.2	84.0	84.0	0.0
Semiconductors and electronic components	366.0	357.3	355.8	356.5	366.3	358.1	356.7	356.8	0.1
Electronic instruments	397.7	394.5	394.5	395.1	398.6	394.6	394.8	395.7	0.9
Miscellaneous computer and electronic products	35.0	34.9	35.1	35.0	34.8	35.0	35.0	34.8	-0.2
Electrical equipment and appliances	382.4	382.7	381.5	381.9	382.4	382.5	382.1	382.1	0.0
Transportation equipment(1)	1,605.9	1,606.8	1,603.2	1,603.2	1,606.3	1,605.9	1,605.1	1,603.8	-1.3
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	919.0	928.0	927.5	929.3	918.0	927.7	928.9	930.1	1.2
Furniture and related products	383.7	387.5	388.2	386.0	385.5	386.5	387.6	387.5	-0.1
Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing	599.3	598.2	600.2	600.6	597.4	598.2	599.1	598.3	-0.8

Nondurable goods	4,585	4,637	4,620	4,612	4,581	4,606	4,602	4,604	2
Food manufacturing	1,513.2	1,558.4	1,552.2	1,543.6	1,511.3	1,535.5	1,538.4	1,540.0	1.6
Textile mills	115.3	111.6	111.8	112.1	115.3	112.2	112.2	112.0	-0.2
Textile product mills	118.0	116.6	115.0	115.8	116.9	116.8	114.5	114.6	0.1
Apparel	136.7	133.1	131.6	131.8	136.2	131.9	130.8	131.2	0.4
Paper and paper products	373.1	369.1	367.2	368.1	373.3	369.1	368.2	368.2	0.0
Printing and related support activities	451.3	439.6	439.1	438.3	449.4	440.0	438.2	436.1	-2.1
Petroleum and coal products	117.4	117.1	117.3	115.6	116.8	115.5	114.8	114.9	0.1
Chemicals	811.1	818.3	818.1	821.4	812.3	820.6	821.4	822.4	1.0
Plastics and rubber products	686.4	690.7	685.6	684.5	687.8	689.7	687.9	685.7	-2.2
Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing	262.2	282.4	281.7	280.3	261.5	275.1	275.6	279.2	3.6

Private service-providing	101,864	103,019	103,461	103,879	101,213	102,970	103,098	103,237	139

Trade, transportation, and utilities	27,596	27,281	27,465	27,919	27,087	27,409	27,421	27,424	3

Wholesale trade	5,907.8	5,941.4	5,953.7	5,961.6	5,897.3	5,938.8	5,946.7	5,949.5	2.8
Durable goods	2,942.1	2,952.0	2,950.7	2,952.7	2,942.9	2,951.8	2,951.0	2,952.3	1.3
Nondurable goods	2,058.6	2,076.5	2,088.5	2,088.3	2,049.6	2,073.6	2,081.3	2,078.8	-2.5
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	907.1	912.9	914.5	920.6	904.8	913.4	914.4	918.4	4.0

Retail trade	16,168.7	15,846.7	15,997.0	16,368.5	15,754.2	15,994.0	15,985.1	15,976.8	-8.3
Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,964.2	2,011.6	2,013.0	2,016.6	1,965.7	2,005.6	2,011.4	2,017.3	5.9
Automobile dealers	1,265.4	1,298.4	1,302.6	1,304.8	1,263.9	1,295.8	1,300.6	1,303.7	3.1
Other motor vehicle dealers	145.2	153.9	150.8	147.5	149.4	151.1	151.2	151.2	0.0
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores	553.6	559.3	559.6	564.3	552.4	558.6	559.6	562.4	2.8
Furniture and home furnishings stores	485.1	479.3	487.4	498.6	469.5	485.3	482.5	483.6	1.1
Electronics and appliance stores	555.8	518.5	517.6	534.6	527.2	525.5	513.7	509.5	-4.2
Building material and garden supply stores	1,221.9	1,267.6	1,266.4	1,260.4	1,248.5	1,289.2	1,291.2	1,291.7	0.5
Food and beverage stores	3,087.2	3,105.8	3,113.7	3,126.6	3,065.4	3,108.9	3,110.9	3,113.1	2.2
Health and personal care stores	1,045.2	1,042.7	1,051.6	1,073.7	1,033.2	1,050.2	1,052.9	1,058.9	6.0
Gasoline stations	912.6	937.3	934.4	924.7	911.3	930.4	930.6	924.7	-5.9
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,492.2	1,344.3	1,359.4	1,453.4	1,376.8	1,383.4	1,364.8	1,347.2	-17.6
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	684.1	611.9	619.3	673.8	627.3	623.1	622.1	621.7	-0.4
General merchandise stores	3,320.1	3,155.5	3,223.4	3,374.5	3,169.4	3,214.0	3,221.3	3,222.1	0.8
Department stores	1,414.3	1,280.7	1,315.5	1,412.0	1,321.0	1,320.3	1,321.5	1,316.4	-5.1
Other general merchandise stores	1,905.8	1,874.8	1,907.9	1,962.5	1,848.3	1,893.7	1,899.8	1,905.7	5.9
Miscellaneous store retailers	851.3	838.3	859.7	849.7	837.2	838.3	841.4	836.6	-4.8
Nonstore retailers	549.0	533.9	551.1	581.9	522.7	540.1	542.3	550.4	8.1

Transportation and warehousing	4,956.8	4,928.2	4,950.2	5,024.4	4,872.3	4,911.8	4,924.0	4,932.9	8.9
Air transportation	460.1	471.8	470.6	468.1	461.2	470.7	470.6	469.6	-1.0
Rail transportation	233.8	217.0	216.2	215.9	233.9	216.0	215.9	215.4	-0.5
Water transportation	61.1	62.6	61.7	60.1	61.9	62.0	61.6	61.3	-0.3
Truck transportation	1,469.6	1,478.3	1,485.9	1,479.9	1,460.3	1,462.1	1,468.9	1,470.0	1.1
Transit and ground passenger transportation	489.5	476.3	481.9	480.1	472.4	465.5	465.4	465.5	0.1
Pipeline transportation	49.8	47.7	47.6	47.7	49.8	47.9	47.7	47.6	-0.1
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	25.8	36.3	30.4	25.3	30.5	30.1	29.7	29.9	0.2
Support activities for transportation	659.3	654.5	657.4	657.0	656.1	654.0	653.1	653.7	0.6
Couriers and messengers	656.0	609.9	610.6	690.1	613.8	632.1	634.4	640.1	5.7
Warehousing and storage	851.8	873.8	887.9	900.2	832.4	871.4	876.7	879.8	3.1

Utilities	562.5	564.4	564.5	564.7	562.8	564.8	565.5	565.2	-0.3

Information	2,767	2,772	2,776	2,773	2,753	2,781	2,778	2,768	-10
Publishing industries, except Internet	726.1	726.9	725.9	726.2	724.2	726.5	724.6	724.1	-0.5
Motion picture and sound recording industries	399.9	414.8	425.4	424.3	395.0	424.1	429.6	425.5	-4.1
Broadcasting, except Internet	280.0	276.8	277.6	277.5	278.8	277.0	277.0	276.4	-0.6
Telecommunications	810.4	790.9	782.3	783.8	806.6	791.2	783.3	781.3	-2.0
Data processing, hosting and related services	301.3	299.8	300.7	298.4	300.6	299.7	300.1	298.0	-2.1
Other information services	248.9	263.0	264.4	263.2	248.1	262.8	263.7	262.9	-0.8

Financial activities	8,183	8,329	8,336	8,337	8,182	8,320	8,329	8,335	6
Finance and insurance	6,090.1	6,166.0	6,181.3	6,193.7	6,078.8	6,172.4	6,179.9	6,183.0	3.1
Monetary authorities - central bank	17.9	17.8	17.9	17.9	17.8	17.8	17.8	17.9	0.1
Credit intermediation and related activities	2,573.2	2,608.7	2,611.5	2,619.7	2,572.2	2,612.1	2,614.3	2,618.5	4.2
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,676.2	1,687.3	1,685.8	1,690.2	1,677.3	1,691.2	1,690.7	1,691.9	1.2
Commercial banking	1,264.3	1,265.6	1,263.4	1,265.9	1,264.7	1,268.2	1,267.2	1,267.2	0.0
Nondepository credit intermediation	600.9	610.8	613.9	616.1	599.1	610.2	612.2	613.7	1.5
Activities related to credit intermediation	296.1	310.6	311.8	313.4	295.8	310.7	311.3	312.9	1.6
Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts	919.5	930.9	931.3	929.7	918.9	930.5	928.7	928.8	0.1
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,579.5	2,608.6	2,620.6	2,626.4	2,569.9	2,612.0	2,619.1	2,617.8	-1.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,092.8	2,162.6	2,154.8	2,143.6	2,103.2	2,147.1	2,148.8	2,152.4	3.6
Real estate	1,529.6	1,580.2	1,583.8	1,581.2	1,534.4	1,574.7	1,578.8	1,583.7	4.9
Rental and leasing services	539.3	559.2	547.5	538.9	545.0	549.1	546.7	545.4	-1.3
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	23.9	23.2	23.5	23.5	23.8	23.3	23.3	23.3	0.0

Professional and business services	20,081	20,451	20,601	20,669	19,921	20,381	20,429	20,492	63
Professional and technical services	8,737.7	8,900.0	8,990.5	9,041.0	8,742.2	8,991.6	9,016.5	9,040.2	23.7
Legal services	1,126.4	1,121.1	1,127.3	1,127.3	1,123.8	1,124.9	1,125.1	1,124.6	-0.5
Accounting and bookkeeping services	961.7	958.9	973.1	1,017.2	1,009.9	1,036.3	1,041.0	1,058.7	17.7
Architectural and engineering services	1,424.5	1,448.2	1,460.0	1,454.2	1,420.1	1,446.5	1,451.2	1,450.2	-1.0
Specialized design services	140.0	143.1	146.0	144.6	138.8	144.3	144.1	143.3	-0.8
Computer systems design and related services	1,960.3	2,010.2	2,034.0	2,042.4	1,948.4	2,016.5	2,024.9	2,030.3	5.4
Management and technical consulting services	1,303.5	1,361.5	1,381.7	1,385.4	1,291.4	1,364.4	1,370.4	1,373.9	3.5
Scientific research and development services	660.7	671.9	676.2	681.7	661.7	676.3	678.8	682.1	3.3
Advertising and related services	493.0	496.9	498.9	495.0	491.0	497.0	495.8	493.1	-2.7
Other professional and technical services	667.6	688.2	693.3	693.2	657.2	685.5	685.2	684.0	-1.2
Management of companies and enterprises	2,245.3	2,278.9	2,277.9	2,283.0	2,244.6	2,277.2	2,280.1	2,282.1	2.0
Administrative and waste services	9,098.3	9,272.5	9,332.2	9,345.0	8,933.9	9,112.0	9,132.3	9,170.0	37.7
Administrative and support services	8,696.5	8,859.2	8,918.6	8,930.2	8,531.9	8,701.8	8,719.8	8,755.7	35.9
Office administrative services	478.2	497.3	500.9	504.2	478.2	497.8	500.2	502.7	2.5
Facilities support services	143.9	144.4	144.4	144.0	143.8	144.2	143.9	144.0	0.1
Employment services(1)	3,713.9	3,715.8	3,762.6	3,796.6	3,587.7	3,630.7	3,639.4	3,660.7	21.3
Temporary help services	3,033.4	3,027.0	3,072.6	3,098.5	2,919.2	2,953.7	2,961.0	2,975.3	14.3
Business support services	921.7	920.2	937.7	946.7	900.5	925.6	924.5	924.9	0.4
Travel arrangement and reservation services	201.4	205.1	204.1	202.0	201.2	204.5	204.2	202.6	-1.6
Investigation and security services	884.0	904.2	906.9	910.3	872.8	896.7	898.2	899.8	1.6
Services to buildings and dwellings	2,038.4	2,142.0	2,129.5	2,096.6	2,029.9	2,074.8	2,081.2	2,089.3	8.1
Other support services	315.0	330.2	332.5	329.8	317.9	327.6	328.2	331.6	3.4
Waste management and remediation services	401.8	413.3	413.6	414.8	402.0	410.2	412.5	414.3	1.8

Education and health services	22,569	22,738	23,050	23,145	22,315	22,808	22,852	22,896	44
Educational services	3,674.9	3,519.9	3,725.6	3,761.3	3,485.6	3,559.0	3,565.5	3,574.7	9.2
Health care and social assistance	18,893.7	19,217.8	19,324.2	19,383.2	18,829.3	19,249.3	19,286.7	19,321.4	34.7
Health care(3)	15,310.9	15,610.7	15,676.9	15,717.1	15,267.0	15,618.5	15,645.6	15,674.0	28.4
Ambulatory health care services	6,995.2	7,170.9	7,223.9	7,249.9	6,967.5	7,182.5	7,199.3	7,221.5	22.2
Offices of physicians	2,573.3	2,622.5	2,638.6	2,648.1	2,564.2	2,626.6	2,630.3	2,637.7	7.4
Offices of dentists	919.7	940.5	947.4	948.1	917.3	943.1	944.7	944.8	0.1
Offices of other health practitioners	825.1	866.6	877.8	881.7	823.7	870.3	874.6	879.8	5.2
Outpatient care centers	759.0	788.5	793.5	801.6	757.4	789.9	793.9	799.2	5.3
Medical and diagnostic laboratories	260.9	257.8	260.7	259.5	261.1	259.2	260.6	260.0	-0.6
Home health care services	1,361.2	1,400.6	1,410.4	1,413.1	1,349.6	1,399.4	1,402.6	1,404.8	2.2
Other ambulatory health care services	296.0	294.4	295.5	297.8	294.2	294.0	292.6	295.2	2.6
Hospitals	4,998.2	5,111.5	5,121.9	5,131.1	4,987.6	5,104.6	5,115.1	5,120.6	5.5
Nursing and residential care facilities	3,317.5	3,328.3	3,331.1	3,336.1	3,311.9	3,331.4	3,331.2	3,331.9	0.7
Nursing care facilities	1,663.4	1,660.7	1,659.0	1,661.8	1,659.2	1,659.9	1,657.4	1,657.2	-0.2
Residential mental health facilities	610.2	612.8	613.2	614.6	609.3	613.1	613.9	614.0	0.1
Community care facilities for the elderly	882.2	891.0	893.8	894.2	882.0	894.1	894.9	895.5	0.6
Other residential care facilities	161.7	163.8	165.1	165.5	161.4	164.3	165.0	165.2	0.2
Social assistance	3,582.8	3,607.1	3,647.3	3,666.1	3,562.3	3,630.8	3,641.1	3,647.4	6.3
Individual and family services	2,190.4	2,222.7	2,241.8	2,256.9	2,186.4	2,237.5	2,245.6	2,252.2	6.6
Emergency and other relief services	154.7	158.4	159.1	158.9	155.0	159.0	159.5	159.3	-0.2
Vocational rehabilitation services	334.1	332.1	333.6	332.2	334.6	333.5	334.5	333.2	-1.3
Child day care services	903.6	893.9	912.8	918.1	886.2	900.8	901.5	902.7	1.2

Leisure and hospitality	15,034	15,748	15,518	15,327	15,307	15,556	15,571	15,600	29
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2,045.7	2,293.9	2,185.4	2,086.2	2,196.0	2,225.6	2,232.4	2,242.6	10.2
Performing arts and spectator sports	448.7	492.2	469.0	450.0	460.9	465.8	465.0	466.6	1.6
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	147.4	159.7	159.3	151.8	152.2	158.1	158.2	157.3	-0.9
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,449.6	1,642.0	1,557.1	1,484.4	1,582.9	1,601.7	1,609.2	1,618.7	9.5
Accommodation and food services	12,988.4	13,454.1	13,332.1	13,241.1	13,110.9	13,329.9	13,339.0	13,357.8	18.8
Accommodation	1,866.0	1,970.5	1,913.1	1,866.0	1,926.4	1,930.0	1,926.3	1,926.2	-0.1
Food services and drinking places	11,122.4	11,483.6	11,419.0	11,375.1	11,184.5	11,399.9	11,412.7	11,431.6	18.9

Other services	5,634	5,700	5,715	5,709	5,648	5,715	5,718	5,722	4
Repair and maintenance	1,281.7	1,284.1	1,288.1	1,282.4	1,285.3	1,284.2	1,287.1	1,286.5	-0.6
Personal and laundry services	1,412.2	1,446.4	1,447.7	1,450.6	1,413.6	1,446.4	1,448.1	1,451.9	3.8
Membership associations and organizations	2,940.5	2,969.8	2,979.0	2,976.4	2,948.6	2,984.1	2,982.9	2,984.0	1.1

Government	22,511	22,152	22,588	22,742	22,028	22,216	22,223	22,245	22
Federal	2,755.0	2,805.0	2,802.0	2,806.0	2,758.0	2,800.0	2,808.0	2,811.0	3.0
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,156.3	2,194.3	2,191.9	2,193.8	2,159.8	2,186.9	2,194.8	2,197.9	3.1
U.S. Postal Service	598.9	611.1	609.7	611.8	598.6	613.4	613.5	613.4	-0.1
State government	5,294.0	5,165.0	5,270.0	5,299.0	5,110.0	5,120.0	5,112.0	5,117.0	5.0
State government education	2,628.0	2,492.3	2,604.8	2,632.5	2,435.6	2,447.2	2,440.1	2,441.7	1.6
State government, excluding education	2,666.1	2,673.0	2,664.7	2,666.9	2,674.8	2,673.1	2,672.3	2,674.9	2.6
Local government	14,462.0	14,182.0	14,516.0	14,637.0	14,160.0	14,296.0	14,303.0	14,317.0	14.0
Local government education	8,165.7	7,766.7	8,124.6	8,218.4	7,814.8	7,875.2	7,871.7	7,870.3	-1.4
Local government, excluding education	6,296.6	6,415.1	6,391.6	6,418.3	6,345.4	6,420.5	6,431.4	6,446.8	15.4
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.5	34.4	34.4	34.4
Goods-producing	40.3	40.3	40.4	40.2
Mining and logging	44.1	43.4	44.3	43.3
Construction	39.1	39.2	39.2	39.2
Manufacturing	40.7	40.7	40.8	40.6
Durable goods	41.0	41.2	41.3	41.1
Nondurable goods	40.0	39.8	40.0	39.7
Private service-providing	33.4	33.3	33.3	33.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.6	34.2	34.2	34.3
Wholesale trade	38.9	38.9	38.9	38.9
Retail trade	31.4	30.8	30.8	30.9
Transportation and warehousing	38.9	38.9	38.7	38.8
Utilities	42.6	42.4	43.0	41.9
Information	36.1	35.8	36.0	35.8
Financial activities	37.6	37.5	37.3	37.4
Professional and business services	36.1	36.1	36.1	36.0
Education and health services	32.8	32.9	32.9	32.9
Leisure and hospitality	26.2	26.2	26.2	26.2
Other services	31.9	31.9	32.0	31.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.3
Durable goods	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.3
Nondurable goods	3.3	3.2	3.2	3.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
Industry	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)
Total private	$25.27	$25.81	$25.92	$25.89	$871.82	$887.86	$891.65	$890.62
Goods-producing	26.47	27.08	27.24	27.09	1,066.74	1,091.32	1,100.50	1,089.02
Mining and logging	31.75	31.92	32.22	31.76	1,400.18	1,385.33	1,427.35	1,375.21
Construction	27.62	28.28	28.38	28.28	1,079.94	1,108.58	1,112.50	1,108.58
Manufacturing	25.52	26.17	26.35	26.19	1,038.66	1,065.12	1,075.08	1,063.31
Durable goods	26.80	27.42	27.63	27.43	1,098.80	1,129.70	1,141.12	1,127.37
Nondurable goods	23.30	24.01	24.14	24.06	932.00	955.60	965.60	955.18
Private service-providing	24.99	25.51	25.62	25.61	834.67	849.48	853.15	852.81
Trade, transportation, and utilities	22.02	22.46	22.55	22.56	761.89	768.13	771.21	773.81
Wholesale trade	28.81	29.70	29.76	29.76	1,120.71	1,155.33	1,157.66	1,157.66
Retail trade	17.69	17.90	17.96	18.01	555.47	551.32	553.17	556.51
Transportation and warehousing	23.07	23.48	23.56	23.65	897.42	913.37	911.77	917.62
Utilities	37.94	38.29	38.96	38.24	1,616.24	1,623.50	1,675.28	1,602.26
Information	35.79	36.95	37.36	37.27	1,292.02	1,322.81	1,344.96	1,334.27
Financial activities	31.84	32.60	32.60	32.70	1,197.18	1,222.50	1,215.98	1,222.98
Professional and business services	30.39	30.97	31.12	31.12	1,097.08	1,118.02	1,123.43	1,120.32
Education and health services	25.49	25.83	25.92	25.87	836.07	849.81	852.77	851.12
Leisure and hospitality	14.47	15.02	15.07	15.06	379.11	393.52	394.83	394.57
Other services	22.68	23.01	23.15	23.12	723.49	734.02	740.80	737.53
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100]
Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Industry	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2016 - Nov. 2016(p)	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2016 - Nov. 2016(p)
Total private	104.6	105.8	106.0	106.1	0.1	126.4	130.6	131.3	131.3	0.0
Goods-producing	90.1	90.1	90.3	90.0	-0.3	107.8	110.3	111.2	110.2	-0.9
Mining and logging	106.8	93.0	94.7	92.8	-2.0	136.2	119.2	122.5	118.3	-3.4
Construction	88.3	90.1	90.3	90.6	0.3	105.9	110.8	111.4	111.3	-0.1
Manufacturing	90.2	89.8	90.0	89.5	-0.6	107.0	109.3	110.3	109.1	-1.1
Durable goods	89.3	88.9	89.1	88.6	-0.6	106.2	108.2	109.3	107.9	-1.3
Nondurable goods	91.4	91.5	91.9	91.2	-0.8	108.1	111.5	112.5	111.4	-1.0
Private service-providing	108.8	110.3	110.5	110.6	0.1	132.1	136.8	137.5	137.6	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	101.9	101.9	102.0	102.3	0.3	120.8	123.2	123.8	124.2	0.3
Wholesale trade	100.1	100.8	100.9	101.0	0.1	120.3	124.9	125.4	125.4	0.0
Retail trade	100.5	100.1	100.0	100.3	0.3	117.5	118.4	118.7	119.4	0.6
Transportation and warehousing	108.5	109.4	109.1	109.5	0.4	127.0	130.3	130.4	131.5	0.8
Utilities	103.7	103.6	105.2	102.5	-2.6	130.0	131.1	135.4	129.5	-4.4
Information	90.8	90.9	91.3	90.5	-0.9	115.7	119.6	121.5	120.1	-1.2
Financial activities	100.8	102.2	101.7	102.1	0.4	125.1	129.9	129.4	130.2	0.6
Professional and business services	113.1	115.7	116.0	116.0	0.0	139.3	145.2	146.2	146.3	0.1
Education and health services	119.5	122.5	122.8	123.0	0.2	146.5	152.2	153.0	153.0	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	114.4	116.3	116.4	116.6	0.2	133.6	140.9	141.5	141.7	0.1
Other services	103.9	105.1	105.5	105.2	-0.3	129.1	132.6	133.9	133.4	-0.4
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
Industry	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)
Total nonfarm	70,531	71,902	71,959	72,032	49.4	49.7	49.6	49.6
Total private	57,926	59,136	59,197	59,252	47.9	48.2	48.2	48.2
Goods-producing	4,279	4,301	4,304	4,309	21.8	21.9	21.9	21.9
Mining and logging	109	100	100	100	14.1	14.7	14.7	14.7
Construction	815	834	839	839	12.4	12.5	12.6	12.5
Manufacturing	3,355	3,367	3,365	3,370	27.2	27.4	27.4	27.5
Durable goods	1,799	1,799	1,797	1,797	23.3	23.5	23.5	23.5
Nondurable goods	1,556	1,568	1,568	1,573	34.0	34.0	34.1	34.2
Private service-providing	53,647	54,835	54,893	54,943	53.0	53.3	53.2	53.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10,964	11,160	11,155	11,150	40.5	40.7	40.7	40.7
Wholesale trade	1,735.2	1,754.3	1,754.8	1,752.3	29.4	29.5	29.5	29.5
Retail trade	7,932.6	8,075.7	8,068.4	8,062.6	50.4	50.5	50.5	50.5
Transportation and warehousing	1,161.4	1,198.8	1,200.3	1,203.2	23.8	24.4	24.4	24.4
Utilities	134.4	131.3	131.9	132.0	23.9	23.2	23.3	23.4
Information	1,105	1,114	1,116	1,109	40.1	40.1	40.2	40.1
Financial activities	4,667	4,740	4,742	4,747	57.0	57.0	56.9	57.0
Professional and business services	8,875	9,159	9,164	9,170	44.6	44.9	44.9	44.7
Education and health services	17,174	17,580	17,618	17,653	77.0	77.1	77.1	77.1
Leisure and hospitality	7,915	8,080	8,097	8,110	51.7	51.9	52.0	52.0
Other services	2,947	3,002	3,001	3,004	52.2	52.5	52.5	52.5
Government	12,605	12,766	12,762	12,780	57.2	57.5	57.4	57.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [In thousands]
Industry	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)
Total private	99,566	100,926	101,024	101,124
Goods-producing	14,159	14,105	14,108	14,126
Mining and logging	559	475	475	480
Construction	4,939	5,034	5,046	5,057
Manufacturing	8,661	8,596	8,587	8,589
Durable goods	5,327	5,257	5,258	5,259
Nondurable goods	3,334	3,339	3,329	3,330
Private service-providing	85,407	86,821	86,916	86,998
Trade, transportation, and utilities	22,777	23,007	23,017	23,005
Wholesale trade	4,726.7	4,754.1	4,760.2	4,763.4
Retail trade	13,371.6	13,550.6	13,543.6	13,514.3
Transportation and warehousing	4,227.3	4,247.6	4,257.8	4,272.0
Utilities	450.9	454.3	455.2	455.3
Information	2,229	2,235	2,242	2,225
Financial activities	6,334	6,458	6,467	6,478
Professional and business services	16,328	16,669	16,703	16,745
Education and health services	19,575	20,014	20,053	20,086
Leisure and hospitality	13,467	13,690	13,691	13,713
Other services	4,697	4,748	4,743	4,746
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.7	33.6	33.6	33.6
Goods-producing	41.2	41.2	41.2	41.2
Mining and logging	45.6	45.7	45.8	45.6
Construction	39.8	39.8	39.6	39.8
Manufacturing	41.7	41.8	42.0	41.8
Durable goods	42.1	42.2	42.4	42.2
Nondurable goods	41.2	41.1	41.3	41.1
Private service-providing	32.4	32.3	32.4	32.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.7	33.4	33.5	33.4
Wholesale trade	38.5	38.7	38.8	38.7
Retail trade	30.1	29.6	29.7	29.6
Transportation and warehousing	38.9	38.8	38.6	38.6
Utilities	42.6	42.6	43.3	42.0
Information	35.6	35.7	35.6	35.2
Financial activities	37.1	36.9	36.8	36.8
Professional and business services	35.5	35.3	35.4	35.3
Education and health services	32.1	32.2	32.2	32.3
Leisure and hospitality	25.0	24.9	24.9	25.0
Other services	30.7	30.8	30.8	30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	4.2	4.3	4.4	4.4
Durable goods	4.2	4.5	4.5	4.5
Nondurable goods	4.2	4.1	4.2	4.2
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
Industry	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)
Total private	$21.23	$21.67	$21.71	$21.73	$715.45	$728.11	$729.46	$730.13
Goods-producing	22.16	22.75	22.80	22.80	912.99	937.30	939.36	939.36
Mining and logging	26.61	27.03	27.13	26.96	1,213.42	1,235.27	1,242.55	1,229.38
Construction	25.43	26.21	26.24	26.24	1,012.11	1,043.16	1,039.10	1,044.35
Manufacturing	20.07	20.56	20.64	20.62	836.92	859.41	866.88	861.92
Durable goods	21.10	21.57	21.64	21.63	888.31	910.25	917.54	912.79
Nondurable goods	18.39	18.93	19.02	18.99	757.67	778.02	785.53	780.49
Private service-providing	21.03	21.45	21.49	21.50	681.37	692.84	696.28	694.45
Trade, transportation, and utilities	18.79	19.07	19.10	19.11	633.22	636.94	639.85	638.27
Wholesale trade	23.75	24.33	24.37	24.33	914.38	941.57	945.56	941.57
Retail trade	14.94	15.03	15.03	15.07	449.69	444.89	446.39	446.07
Transportation and warehousing	20.87	21.11	21.13	21.17	811.84	819.07	815.62	817.16
Utilities	34.66	35.42	35.86	35.35	1,476.52	1,508.89	1,552.74	1,484.70
Information	29.52	30.32	30.39	30.41	1,050.91	1,082.42	1,081.88	1,070.43
Financial activities	25.61	26.31	26.33	26.26	950.13	970.84	968.94	966.37
Professional and business services	25.05	25.59	25.63	25.69	889.28	903.33	907.30	906.86
Education and health services	22.27	22.59	22.63	22.67	714.87	727.40	728.69	732.24
Leisure and hospitality	12.55	12.97	12.98	13.01	313.75	322.95	323.20	325.25
Other services	19.14	19.30	19.38	19.38	587.60	594.44	596.90	596.90
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [2002=100]
Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Industry	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2016 - Nov. 2016(p)	Nov. 2015	Sept. 2016	Oct. 2016(p)	Nov. 2016(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2016 - Nov. 2016(p)
Total private	111.8	113.0	113.1	113.2	0.1	158.6	163.6	164.1	164.4	0.2
Goods-producing	89.1	88.8	88.8	88.9	0.1	121.0	123.7	124.0	124.2	0.2
Mining and logging	135.5	115.4	115.6	116.3	0.6	209.6	181.3	182.4	182.4	0.0
Construction	98.4	100.3	100.1	100.8	0.7	135.2	142.0	141.8	142.8	0.7
Manufacturing	82.9	82.5	82.8	82.4	-0.5	108.8	110.9	111.8	111.1	-0.6
Durable goods	84.3	83.4	83.8	83.4	-0.5	111.0	112.3	113.2	112.6	-0.5
Nondurable goods	80.9	80.9	81.0	80.6	-0.5	105.2	108.2	108.9	108.2	-0.6
Private service-providing	117.8	119.4	119.9	119.7	-0.2	170.0	175.7	176.7	176.4	-0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	107.0	107.1	107.5	107.1	-0.4	143.4	145.7	146.5	146.0	-0.3
Wholesale trade	107.2	108.3	108.8	108.6	-0.2	149.9	155.3	156.1	155.6	-0.3
Retail trade	101.9	101.5	101.8	101.3	-0.5	130.5	130.8	131.2	130.8	-0.3
Transportation and warehousing	123.8	124.1	123.7	124.1	0.3	163.9	166.1	165.8	166.7	0.5
Utilities	98.2	99.0	100.8	97.8	-3.0	142.1	146.3	150.9	144.3	-4.4
Information	90.6	91.1	91.1	89.4	-1.9	132.4	136.7	137.1	134.6	-1.8
Financial activities	110.6	112.2	112.0	112.2	0.2	174.3	181.6	181.5	181.3	-0.1
Professional and business services	129.9	131.9	132.5	132.5	0.0	193.7	200.8	202.1	202.5	0.2
Education and health services	133.9	137.4	137.6	138.3	0.5	196.9	204.8	205.6	206.9	0.6
Leisure and hospitality	123.3	124.9	124.9	125.6	0.6	175.8	183.9	184.1	185.5	0.8
Other services	101.1	102.6	102.5	102.5	0.0	141.0	144.2	144.7	144.8	0.1
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Last Modified Date: December 02, 2016