Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                  USDL-14-2184
8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, December 5, 2014

Technical information:
 Household data:      (202) 691-6378  •  cpsinfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:  (202) 691-6555  •  cesinfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:       (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov


                             THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2014


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 321,000 in November, and the unemployment
rate was unchanged at 5.8 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Job gains were widespread, led by growth in professional and business services, retail
trade, health care, and manufacturing.

Household Survey Data

In November, the unemployment rate held at 5.8 percent, and the number of unemployed
persons was little changed at 9.1 million. Over the year, the unemployment rate and
the number of unemployed persons were down by 1.2 percentage points and 1.7 million,
respectively. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult men rose to 5.4 percent
in November. The rates for adult women (5.3 percent), teenagers (17.7 percent), whites
(4.9 percent), blacks (11.1 percent), and Hispanics (6.6 percent) showed little change
over the month. The jobless rate for Asians was 4.8 percent (not seasonally adjusted),
little changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little
changed at 2.8 million in November. These individuals accounted for 30.7 percent of
the unemployed. Over the past 12 months, the number of long-term unemployed declined
by 1.2 million. (See table A-12.)

The civilian labor force participation rate held at 62.8 percent in November and has
been essentially unchanged since April. The employment-population ratio, at 59.2
percent, was unchanged in November but is up by 0.6 percentage point over the year.
(See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to
as involuntary part-time workers), at 6.9 million, changed little in November. These
individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time
because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time
job. (See table A-8.)

In November, 2.1 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force,
essentially unchanged from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.)
These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work,
and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as
unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the
survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 698,000 discouraged workers in November,
little different from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.)
Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe
no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.4 million persons marginally attached
to the labor force in November had not searched for work for reasons such as school
attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 321,000 in November, compared with an
average monthly gain of 224,000 over the prior 12 months. In November, job growth
was widespread, led by gains in professional and business services, retail trade,
health care, and manufacturing. (See table B-1.)

Employment in professional and business services increased by 86,000 in November,
compared with an average gain of 57,000 per month over the prior 12 months. Within
the industry, accounting and bookkeeping services added 16,000 jobs in November.
Employment continued to trend up in temporary help services (+23,000), management
and technical consulting services (+7,000), computer systems design and related
services (+7,000), and architectural and engineering services (+5,000).

Employment in retail trade rose by 50,000 in November, compared with an average
gain of 22,000 per month over the prior 12 months. In November, job gains occurred
in motor vehicle and parts dealers (+11,000); clothing and accessories stores
(+11,000); sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores (+9,000); and nonstore
retailers (+6,000).

Health care added 29,000 jobs over the month. Employment continued to trend up in
offices of physicians (+7,000), home health care services (+5,000), outpatient care
centers (+4,000), and hospitals (+4,000). Over the past 12 months, employment in
health care has increased by 261,000.

In November, manufacturing added 28,000 jobs. Durable goods manufacturers accounted
for 17,000 of the increase, with small gains in most of the component industries.
Employment in nondurable goods increased by 11,000, with plastics and rubber products
(+7,000) accounting for most of the gain. Over the year, manufacturing has added
171,000 jobs, largely in durable goods.

Financial activities added 20,000 jobs in November, with half of the gain in insurance
carriers and related activities. Over the past year, insurance has contributed 70,000
jobs to the overall employment gain of 114,000 in financial activities.

Transportation and warehousing employment increased by 17,000 in November, with a
gain in couriers and messengers (+5,000). Over the past 12 months, transportation
and warehousing has added 143,000 jobs.

Employment in food services and drinking places continued to trend up in November
(+27,000) and has increased by 321,000 over the year.

Construction employment also continued to trend up in November (+20,000). Employment in
specialty trade contractors rose by 21,000, mostly in the residential component. Over
the past 12 months, construction has added 213,000 jobs, with just over half the gain
among specialty trade contractors.

In November, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose
by 0.1 hour to 34.6 hours. The manufacturing workweek rose by 0.2 hour to 41.1 hours,
and factory overtime edged up by 0.1 hour to 3.5 hours. The average workweek for
production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at
33.8 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 9 cents
to $24.66 in November. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.1 percent.
In November, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory
employees increased by 4 cents to $20.74. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised from +256,000
to +271,000, and the change for October was revised from +214,000 to +243,000. With
these revisions, employment gains in September and October combined were 44,000 more
than previously reported.

_____________
The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday,
January 9, 2015, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).



   __________________________________________________________________________________
  |                                                                                  |
  |               Upcoming Changes to the Employment Situation News Release          |
  |                                                                                  |
  |Effective with the release of January 2015 data on February 6, 2015, the U.S.     |
  |Bureau of Labor Statistics will introduce several changes to The Employment       |
  |Situation news release tables.                                                    |
  |                                                                                  |
  |Household survey table A-2 will introduce seasonally adjusted series on the labor |
  |force characteristics of Asians. These series will appear in addition to the not  |
  |seasonally adjusted data for Asians currently displayed in the table. Also, in    |
  |summary table A, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate for Asians will replace|
  |the not seasonally adjusted series that is currently displayed for the group.     |
  |                                                                                  |
  |Household survey table A-3 will introduce seasonally adjusted series on the labor |
  |force characteristics of Hispanic men age 20 and over, Hispanic women age 20 and  |
  |over, and Hispanic teenagers age 16 to 19. The not seasonally adjusted series for |
  |these groups will continue to be displayed in the table.                          |
  |                                                                                  |
  |The establishment survey will introduce two data series: (1) total nonfarm        |
  |employment, 3-month average change and (2) total private employment, 3-month      |
  |average change. These new series will be added to establishment survey summary    |
  |table B. Additionally, in the employment section of summary table B, the list     |
  |of industries will be expanded to include utilities (currently published in       |
  |table B-1). Also, hours and earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees   |
  |will be removed from summary table B, although these series will continue to be   |
  |published in establishment survey tables B-7 and B-8. A sample of the new summary |
  |table B is available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/ces/cesnewsumb.pdf.        |
  |__________________________________________________________________________________|




   __________________________________________________________________________________
  |                                                                                  |
  |            Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data                 |
  |                                                                                  |
  |In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation news release for      |
  |December 2014, scheduled for January 9, 2015, will incorporate annual revisions in|
  |seasonally adjusted household survey data. Seasonally adjusted data for the most  |
  |recent 5 years are subject to revision.                                           |
  |__________________________________________________________________________________|

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Change from: Oct. 2014- Nov. 2014
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	246,567	248,446	248,657	248,844	187
Civilian labor force	155,284	155,862	156,278	156,397	119
Participation rate	63.0	62.7	62.8	62.8	0.0
Employed	144,443	146,600	147,283	147,287	4
Employment-population ratio	58.6	59.0	59.2	59.2	0.0
Unemployed	10,841	9,262	8,995	9,110	115
Unemployment rate	7.0	5.9	5.8	5.8	0.0
Not in labor force	91,283	92,584	92,378	92,447	69
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	7.0	5.9	5.8	5.8	0.0
Adult men (20 years and over)	6.7	5.3	5.1	5.4	0.3
Adult women (20 years and over)	6.2	5.5	5.4	5.3	-0.1
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	20.8	20.0	18.6	17.7	-0.9
White	6.1	5.1	4.8	4.9	0.1
Black or African American	12.4	11.0	10.9	11.1	0.2
Asian (not seasonally adjusted)	5.3	4.3	5.0	4.8	-
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	8.7	6.9	6.8	6.6	-0.2
Total, 25 years and over	5.8	4.7	4.7	4.7	0.0
Less than a high school diploma	10.6	8.4	7.9	8.5	0.6
High school graduates, no college	7.3	5.3	5.7	5.6	-0.1
Some college or associate degree	6.4	5.4	4.8	4.9	0.1
Bachelor's degree and higher	3.4	2.9	3.1	3.2	0.1
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	5,731	4,530	4,358	4,483	125
Job leavers	890	829	794	838	44
Reentrants	3,065	2,809	2,871	2,773	-98
New entrants	1,169	1,105	1,063	1,064	1
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,439	2,383	2,473	2,529	56
5 to 14 weeks	2,585	2,508	2,312	2,390	78
15 to 26 weeks	1,742	1,416	1,417	1,431	14
27 weeks and over	4,044	2,954	2,916	2,815	-101
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	7,723	7,103	7,027	6,850	-177
Slack work or business conditions	4,869	4,162	4,214	4,064	-150
Could only find part-time work	2,499	2,562	2,447	2,453	6
Part time for noneconomic reasons	18,858	19,561	19,769	20,004	235
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force	2,096	2,226	2,192	2,109	-
Discouraged workers	762	698	770	698	-
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	274	271	243	321
Total private	272	249	236	314
Goods-producing	68	36	28	48
Mining and logging	1	6	1	0
Construction	32	18	7	20
Manufacturing	35	12	20	28
Durable goods(1)	19	11	18	17
Motor vehicles and parts	4.7	1.7	2.0	3.0
Nondurable goods	16	1	2	11
Private service-providing(1)	204	213	208	266
Wholesale trade	16.8	2.9	6.1	2.5
Retail trade	22.3	39.9	34.2	50.2
Transportation and warehousing	32.4	7.0	15.3	16.7
Information	1	3	-5	4
Financial activities	-4	14	6	20
Professional and business services(1)	73	66	52	86
Temporary help services	36.6	23.2	19.5	22.7
Education and health services(1)	25	35	37	38
Health care and social assistance	24.4	24.8	31.5	37.2
Leisure and hospitality	37	47	55	32
Other services	-1	0	7	15
Government	2	22	7	7
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2) AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES
Total nonfarm women employees	49.5	49.4	49.4	49.3
Total private women employees	48.0	47.9	47.9	47.9
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	82.6	82.6	82.6	82.6
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.5	34.5	34.5	34.6
Average hourly earnings	$24.15	$24.54	$24.57	$24.66
Average weekly earnings	$833.18	$846.63	$847.67	$853.24
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	99.6	101.4	101.6	102.2
Over-the-month percent change	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.6
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	114.8	118.7	119.1	120.2
Over-the-month percent change	0.8	0.2	0.3	0.9
HOURS AND EARNINGS PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	33.7	33.7	33.8	33.8
Average hourly earnings	$20.30	$20.67	$20.70	$20.74
Average weekly earnings	$684.11	$696.58	$699.66	$701.01
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)	107.1	109.1	109.6	109.8
Over-the-month percent change	0.5	-0.1	0.5	0.2
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)	145.3	150.6	151.6	152.2
Over-the-month percent change	0.8	-0.1	0.7	0.4
DIFFUSION INDEX(5) (Over 1-month span)
Total private (264 industries)	66.9	63.4	63.8	69.7
Manufacturing (81 industries)	65.4	59.3	64.2	63.0
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 554,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 90,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	246,567	248,657	248,844	246,567	248,023	248,229	248,446	248,657	248,844
Civilian labor force	155,046	156,616	156,297	155,284	156,023	155,959	155,862	156,278	156,397
Participation rate	62.9	63.0	62.8	63.0	62.9	62.8	62.7	62.8	62.8
Employed	144,775	147,936	147,666	144,443	146,352	146,368	146,600	147,283	147,287
Employment-population ratio	58.7	59.5	59.3	58.6	59.0	59.0	59.0	59.2	59.2
Unemployed	10,271	8,680	8,630	10,841	9,671	9,591	9,262	8,995	9,110
Unemployment rate	6.6	5.5	5.5	7.0	6.2	6.1	5.9	5.8	5.8
Not in labor force	91,521	92,041	92,547	91,283	92,001	92,269	92,584	92,378	92,447
Persons who currently want a job	5,437	6,122	6,227	5,779	6,259	6,304	6,349	6,537	6,545
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	119,011	120,112	120,208	119,011	119,788	119,893	120,004	120,112	120,208
Civilian labor force	82,397	83,075	82,835	82,554	83,043	82,968	82,973	82,959	82,927
Participation rate	69.2	69.2	68.9	69.4	69.3	69.2	69.1	69.1	69.0
Employed	76,726	78,696	78,208	76,560	77,866	77,843	78,102	78,321	78,053
Employment-population ratio	64.5	65.5	65.1	64.3	65.0	64.9	65.1	65.2	64.9
Unemployed	5,671	4,379	4,627	5,993	5,177	5,125	4,872	4,638	4,874
Unemployment rate	6.9	5.3	5.6	7.3	6.2	6.2	5.9	5.6	5.9
Not in labor force	36,614	37,037	37,373	36,458	36,744	36,924	37,031	37,153	37,281
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	110,515	111,679	111,778	110,515	111,342	111,451	111,567	111,679	111,778
Civilian labor force	79,743	80,241	80,074	79,700	80,208	80,196	80,165	80,032	80,003
Participation rate	72.2	71.9	71.6	72.1	72.0	72.0	71.9	71.7	71.6
Employed	74,686	76,399	75,922	74,373	75,654	75,664	75,910	75,956	75,650
Employment-population ratio	67.6	68.4	67.9	67.3	67.9	67.9	68.0	68.0	67.7
Unemployed	5,058	3,843	4,152	5,328	4,554	4,531	4,255	4,076	4,353
Unemployment rate	6.3	4.8	5.2	6.7	5.7	5.7	5.3	5.1	5.4
Not in labor force	30,772	31,437	31,704	30,815	31,133	31,256	31,402	31,646	31,774
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	127,555	128,545	128,637	127,555	128,236	128,336	128,442	128,545	128,637
Civilian labor force	72,649	73,541	73,462	72,730	72,979	72,991	72,889	73,320	73,470
Participation rate	57.0	57.2	57.1	57.0	56.9	56.9	56.7	57.0	57.1
Employed	68,049	69,240	69,459	67,882	68,486	68,525	68,499	68,962	69,234
Employment-population ratio	53.3	53.9	54.0	53.2	53.4	53.4	53.3	53.6	53.8
Unemployed	4,600	4,301	4,003	4,848	4,494	4,466	4,390	4,358	4,236
Unemployment rate	6.3	5.8	5.4	6.7	6.2	6.1	6.0	5.9	5.8
Not in labor force	54,907	55,004	55,175	54,825	55,256	55,345	55,553	55,225	55,167
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	119,341	120,370	120,465	119,341	120,052	120,156	120,265	120,370	120,465
Civilian labor force	69,912	70,701	70,743	69,871	70,177	70,222	70,072	70,392	70,629
Participation rate	58.6	58.7	58.7	58.5	58.5	58.4	58.3	58.5	58.6
Employed	65,775	66,900	67,176	65,547	66,197	66,247	66,189	66,559	66,891
Employment-population ratio	55.1	55.6	55.8	54.9	55.1	55.1	55.0	55.3	55.5
Unemployed	4,137	3,800	3,567	4,323	3,980	3,974	3,884	3,833	3,738
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.4	5.0	6.2	5.7	5.7	5.5	5.4	5.3
Not in labor force	49,429	49,670	49,722	49,470	49,875	49,934	50,192	49,978	49,836
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,710	16,608	16,602	16,710	16,629	16,622	16,615	16,608	16,602
Civilian labor force	5,390	5,674	5,480	5,713	5,637	5,542	5,626	5,854	5,765
Participation rate	32.3	34.2	33.0	34.2	33.9	33.3	33.9	35.3	34.7
Employed	4,315	4,637	4,569	4,523	4,501	4,457	4,502	4,768	4,746
Employment-population ratio	25.8	27.9	27.5	27.1	27.1	26.8	27.1	28.7	28.6
Unemployed	1,076	1,037	911	1,190	1,136	1,085	1,124	1,087	1,019
Unemployment rate	20.0	18.3	16.6	20.8	20.2	19.6	20.0	18.6	17.7
Not in labor force	11,320	10,933	11,122	10,997	10,992	11,080	10,989	10,753	10,837
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	194,833	195,896	195,995	194,833	195,537	195,652	195,777	195,896	195,995
Civilian labor force	123,123	123,610	123,438	123,050	123,314	123,275	122,944	123,212	123,353
Participation rate	63.2	63.1	63.0	63.2	63.1	63.0	62.8	62.9	62.9
Employed	116,056	117,901	117,724	115,514	116,757	116,754	116,708	117,247	117,263
Employment-population ratio	59.6	60.2	60.1	59.3	59.7	59.7	59.6	59.9	59.8
Unemployed	7,067	5,709	5,713	7,536	6,557	6,521	6,236	5,965	6,090
Unemployment rate	5.7	4.6	4.6	6.1	5.3	5.3	5.1	4.8	4.9
Not in labor force	71,710	72,286	72,558	71,783	72,222	72,377	72,832	72,684	72,642
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	64,475	64,445	64,440	64,287	64,430	64,498	64,259	64,164	64,282
Participation rate	72.6	72.1	72.0	72.4	72.2	72.2	71.9	71.8	71.8
Employed	60,871	61,906	61,640	60,480	61,361	61,355	61,438	61,473	61,345
Employment-population ratio	68.6	69.2	68.9	68.1	68.8	68.7	68.8	68.7	68.6
Unemployed	3,605	2,539	2,800	3,806	3,069	3,142	2,820	2,691	2,937
Unemployment rate	5.6	3.9	4.3	5.9	4.8	4.9	4.4	4.2	4.6
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	54,298	54,698	54,730	54,181	54,356	54,356	54,227	54,455	54,602
Participation rate	58.0	58.1	58.1	57.9	57.9	57.8	57.6	57.9	58.0
Employed	51,596	52,250	52,435	51,307	51,695	51,761	51,646	51,932	52,146
Employment-population ratio	55.1	55.5	55.7	54.8	55.0	55.1	54.9	55.2	55.4
Unemployed	2,702	2,449	2,295	2,874	2,661	2,595	2,581	2,523	2,456
Unemployment rate	5.0	4.5	4.2	5.3	4.9	4.8	4.8	4.6	4.5
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,350	4,466	4,268	4,582	4,529	4,420	4,458	4,594	4,469
Participation rate	35.0	36.1	34.6	36.8	36.6	35.7	36.1	37.2	36.2
Employed	3,589	3,745	3,649	3,727	3,701	3,637	3,624	3,843	3,771
Employment-population ratio	28.8	30.3	29.5	30.0	29.9	29.4	29.3	31.1	30.5
Unemployed	760	721	618	855	827	783	834	751	698
Unemployment rate	17.5	16.1	14.5	18.7	18.3	17.7	18.7	16.3	15.6
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	30,535	30,969	31,005	30,535	30,856	30,893	30,932	30,969	31,005
Civilian labor force	18,460	19,124	19,037	18,482	19,025	18,849	19,082	19,005	19,082
Participation rate	60.5	61.8	61.4	60.5	61.7	61.0	61.7	61.4	61.5
Employed	16,262	17,086	17,019	16,188	16,853	16,693	16,981	16,940	16,971
Employment-population ratio	53.3	55.2	54.9	53.0	54.6	54.0	54.9	54.7	54.7
Unemployed	2,199	2,038	2,017	2,295	2,172	2,157	2,100	2,065	2,111
Unemployment rate	11.9	10.7	10.6	12.4	11.4	11.4	11.0	10.9	11.1
Not in labor force	12,075	11,846	11,968	12,053	11,832	12,044	11,850	11,964	11,923
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	8,362	8,701	8,597	8,334	8,671	8,605	8,774	8,677	8,611
Participation rate	66.5	67.9	66.9	66.3	68.0	67.3	68.5	67.7	67.1
Employed	7,416	7,821	7,700	7,327	7,704	7,676	7,810	7,753	7,642
Employment-population ratio	59.0	61.0	60.0	58.3	60.4	60.1	61.0	60.5	59.5
Unemployed	945	880	897	1,007	967	929	964	925	969
Unemployment rate	11.3	10.1	10.4	12.1	11.1	10.8	11.0	10.7	11.2
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,471	9,693	9,723	9,475	9,720	9,595	9,592	9,605	9,717
Participation rate	61.4	61.9	62.0	61.4	62.3	61.5	61.4	61.4	62.0
Employed	8,443	8,758	8,801	8,428	8,736	8,581	8,674	8,700	8,786
Employment-population ratio	54.7	56.0	56.2	54.6	56.0	55.0	55.5	55.6	56.1
Unemployed	1,028	935	922	1,047	984	1,015	918	905	931
Unemployment rate	10.9	9.6	9.5	11.1	10.1	10.6	9.6	9.4	9.6
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	628	729	717	673	634	649	716	723	754
Participation rate	24.8	29.2	28.8	26.5	25.3	25.9	28.6	29.0	30.3
Employed	402	506	519	433	413	436	498	487	543
Employment-population ratio	15.9	20.3	20.8	17.1	16.5	17.4	19.9	19.5	21.8
Unemployed	225	223	198	240	221	213	218	236	212
Unemployment rate	35.9	30.6	27.6	35.7	34.9	32.8	30.5	32.6	28.1
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	13,484	13,782	13,927	-	-	-	-	-	-
Civilian labor force	8,666	8,729	8,749	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	64.3	63.3	62.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	8,209	8,295	8,333	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	60.9	60.2	59.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	457	433	416	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.0	4.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Not in labor force	4,819	5,054	5,178	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	37,876	38,679	38,760	37,876	38,430	38,512	38,596	38,679	38,760
Civilian labor force	25,060	25,732	25,753	25,124	25,320	25,432	25,445	25,652	25,775
Participation rate	66.2	66.5	66.4	66.3	65.9	66.0	65.9	66.3	66.5
Employed	22,905	24,051	24,076	22,949	23,345	23,523	23,696	23,917	24,078
Employment-population ratio	60.5	62.2	62.1	60.6	60.7	61.1	61.4	61.8	62.1
Unemployed	2,154	1,681	1,676	2,175	1,975	1,909	1,748	1,736	1,697
Unemployment rate	8.6	6.5	6.5	8.7	7.8	7.5	6.9	6.8	6.6
Not in labor force	12,817	12,947	13,007	12,753	13,110	13,080	13,152	13,026	12,985
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	13,967	14,279	14,337	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	81.6	81.6	81.7	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	12,896	13,550	13,503	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	75.4	77.4	77.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	1,071	728	833	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	7.7	5.1	5.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,018	10,284	10,307	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	58.6	58.8	58.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	9,192	9,568	9,645	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	53.7	54.7	55.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	826	717	662	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	8.2	7.0	6.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,075	1,169	1,109	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	29.4	31.8	30.2	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	817	933	928	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	22.4	25.4	25.2	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	257	236	181	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	23.9	20.2	16.3	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	10,937	10,683	11,168	10,898	10,221	10,659	10,641	10,782	11,124
Participation rate	44.6	44.7	45.8	44.5	44.4	45.0	44.3	45.1	45.6
Employed	9,784	9,896	10,213	9,741	9,243	9,689	9,751	9,927	10,179
Employment-population ratio	39.9	41.4	41.9	39.7	40.2	40.9	40.6	41.5	41.7
Unemployed	1,153	787	955	1,157	978	970	890	855	945
Unemployment rate	10.5	7.4	8.6	10.6	9.6	9.1	8.4	7.9	8.5
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	35,960	36,258	35,432	35,895	36,146	36,338	36,029	36,248	35,637
Participation rate	58.3	58.1	57.7	58.2	57.7	58.1	58.0	58.1	58.0
Employed	33,464	34,315	33,499	33,277	33,931	34,094	34,112	34,183	33,624
Employment-population ratio	54.2	55.0	54.5	53.9	54.2	54.5	55.0	54.8	54.7
Unemployed	2,496	1,943	1,932	2,618	2,216	2,244	1,917	2,065	2,012
Unemployment rate	6.9	5.4	5.5	7.3	6.1	6.2	5.3	5.7	5.6
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	37,406	37,671	37,320	37,244	37,727	37,567	37,368	37,325	37,230
Participation rate	67.8	67.2	66.9	67.5	67.0	66.9	66.5	66.6	66.7
Employed	35,121	35,836	35,579	34,872	35,716	35,543	35,338	35,520	35,407
Employment-population ratio	63.7	63.9	63.7	63.2	63.5	63.3	62.9	63.3	63.4
Unemployed	2,285	1,836	1,742	2,372	2,011	2,024	2,030	1,805	1,823
Unemployment rate	6.1	4.9	4.7	6.4	5.3	5.4	5.4	4.8	4.9
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	49,919	50,601	51,342	49,929	50,355	50,093	50,404	50,437	51,149
Participation rate	75.2	74.8	74.9	75.2	74.7	74.6	74.7	74.6	74.6
Employed	48,302	49,109	49,799	48,246	48,771	48,474	48,918	48,899	49,534
Employment-population ratio	72.8	72.6	72.6	72.7	72.4	72.2	72.5	72.3	72.2
Unemployed	1,616	1,493	1,543	1,683	1,584	1,618	1,485	1,538	1,615
Unemployment rate	3.2	2.9	3.0	3.4	3.1	3.2	2.9	3.1	3.2
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	21,276	21,403	19,043	19,416	2,233	1,987
Civilian labor force	10,837	10,836	9,435	9,568	1,402	1,268
Participation rate	50.9	50.6	49.5	49.3	62.8	63.8
Employed	10,113	10,344	8,823	9,151	1,290	1,193
Employment-population ratio	47.5	48.3	46.3	47.1	57.8	60.0
Unemployed	724	492	613	417	112	75
Unemployment rate	6.7	4.5	6.5	4.4	8.0	5.9
Not in labor force	10,439	10,567	9,608	9,848	831	719
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	2,963	3,601	2,319	2,937	644	664
Civilian labor force	2,429	2,826	1,965	2,360	463	466
Participation rate	82.0	78.5	84.7	80.4	72.0	70.2
Employed	2,187	2,665	1,770	2,236	417	429
Employment-population ratio	73.8	74.0	76.3	76.1	64.8	64.6
Unemployed	241	162	195	124	46	38
Unemployment rate	9.9	5.7	9.9	5.3	10.0	8.1
Not in labor force	535	774	354	577	181	198
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,107	3,300	2,557	2,821	550	479
Civilian labor force	2,633	2,715	2,216	2,361	417	354
Participation rate	84.7	82.3	86.7	83.7	75.7	74.0
Employed	2,458	2,653	2,068	2,308	390	345
Employment-population ratio	79.1	80.4	80.9	81.8	70.9	71.9
Unemployed	175	63	148	53	27	10
Unemployment rate	6.6	2.3	6.7	2.2	6.4	2.8
Not in labor force	474	585	340	461	134	125
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	9,701	9,159	9,339	8,834	361	325
Civilian labor force	2,737	2,481	2,653	2,396	83	85
Participation rate	28.2	27.1	28.4	27.1	23.1	26.2
Employed	2,593	2,355	2,514	2,274	78	81
Employment-population ratio	26.7	25.7	26.9	25.7	21.7	24.9
Unemployed	144	127	139	122	5	4
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.1	5.2	5.1	6.1	5.2
Not in labor force	6,964	6,678	6,686	6,438	278	240
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,505	5,343	4,827	4,824	678	519
Civilian labor force	3,039	2,813	2,600	2,451	438	362
Participation rate	55.2	52.7	53.9	50.8	64.7	69.8
Employed	2,875	2,672	2,470	2,333	405	339
Employment-population ratio	52.2	50.0	51.2	48.4	59.7	65.3
Unemployed	164	141	130	118	34	23
Unemployment rate	5.4	5.0	5.0	4.8	7.7	6.4
Not in labor force	2,467	2,530	2,227	2,373	239	157
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	216,254	218,372	95,425	96,180	120,829	122,192
Civilian labor force	142,265	143,517	72,055	72,271	70,210	71,246
Participation rate	65.8	65.7	75.5	75.1	58.1	58.3
Employed	133,143	135,693	67,210	68,245	65,933	67,448
Employment-population ratio	61.6	62.1	70.4	71.0	54.6	55.2
Unemployed	9,122	7,823	4,844	4,026	4,277	3,798
Unemployment rate	6.4	5.5	6.7	5.6	6.1	5.3
Not in labor force	73,989	74,855	23,370	23,909	50,619	50,946
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans incorporate updated weighting procedures.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	28,589	29,786	217,978	219,058
Civilian labor force	5,590	5,881	149,456	150,416
Participation rate	19.6	19.7	68.6	68.7
Employed	4,900	5,245	139,875	142,422
Employment-population ratio	17.1	17.6	64.2	65.0
Unemployed	690	637	9,581	7,994
Unemployment rate	12.3	10.8	6.4	5.3
Not in labor force	22,999	23,905	68,522	68,642
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,485	2,502	75,372	75,706
Participation rate	32.8	31.9	82.0	82.2
Employed	2,110	2,239	70,300	71,594
Employment-population ratio	27.9	28.5	76.4	77.7
Unemployed	374	263	5,072	4,111
Unemployment rate	15.1	10.5	6.7	5.4
Not in labor force	5,084	5,344	16,585	16,399
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,255	2,348	66,745	67,285
Participation rate	28.6	29.1	70.1	70.6
Employed	1,985	2,043	62,595	63,727
Employment-population ratio	25.2	25.3	65.8	66.9
Unemployed	270	305	4,150	3,558
Unemployment rate	12.0	13.0	6.2	5.3
Not in labor force	5,624	5,735	28,419	27,992
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	850	1,031	7,339	7,425
Participation rate	6.5	7.4	23.8	23.4
Employed	805	962	6,980	7,100
Employment-population ratio	6.1	6.9	22.6	22.4
Unemployed	45	69	359	325
Unemployment rate	5.3	6.7	4.9	4.4
Not in labor force	12,290	12,826	23,519	24,251
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	38,737	40,027	18,840	19,774	19,897	20,254
Civilian labor force	25,579	26,536	14,802	15,518	10,777	11,018
Participation rate	66.0	66.3	78.6	78.5	54.2	54.4
Employed	23,961	25,108	13,920	14,740	10,040	10,368
Employment-population ratio	61.9	62.7	73.9	74.5	50.5	51.2
Unemployed	1,618	1,428	882	778	736	651
Unemployment rate	6.3	5.4	6.0	5.0	6.8	5.9
Not in labor force	13,158	13,491	4,038	4,256	9,121	9,235
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	207,830	208,817	100,172	100,434	107,658	108,383
Civilian labor force	129,467	129,760	67,595	67,317	61,872	62,444
Participation rate	62.3	62.1	67.5	67.0	57.5	57.6
Employed	120,814	122,558	62,806	63,467	58,009	59,091
Employment-population ratio	58.1	58.7	62.7	63.2	53.9	54.5
Unemployed	8,653	7,202	4,790	3,850	3,863	3,352
Unemployment rate	6.7	5.6	7.1	5.7	6.2	5.4
Not in labor force	78,363	79,056	32,577	33,117	45,786	45,939
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,050	2,517	2,332	2,139	2,133	2,224	2,379	2,402	2,410
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,258	1,689	1,587	1,310	1,413	1,522	1,545	1,584	1,624
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	754	800	729	780	709	727	785	784	749
Unpaid family workers	38	28	16	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	142,725	145,419	145,335	142,317	144,274	144,106	144,225	144,919	144,926
Wage and salary workers(1)	134,074	136,454	136,379	133,694	135,823	135,659	135,423	135,951	136,039
Government	20,211	20,049	20,034	20,086	20,453	20,120	19,717	19,940	19,931
Private industries	113,863	116,405	116,345	113,610	115,297	115,576	115,697	116,098	116,118
Private households	849	773	791	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	113,014	115,631	115,554	112,760	114,456	114,791	114,945	115,325	115,339
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	8,589	8,916	8,911	8,547	8,424	8,454	8,685	8,936	8,801
Unpaid family workers	62	50	44	-	-	-	-	-	-
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	7,563	6,787	6,713	7,723	7,511	7,277	7,103	7,027	6,850
Slack work or business conditions	4,793	4,109	3,999	4,869	4,609	4,261	4,162	4,214	4,064
Could only find part-time work	2,504	2,414	2,399	2,499	2,519	2,587	2,562	2,447	2,453
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	19,628	20,332	20,868	18,858	19,662	19,526	19,561	19,769	20,004
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	7,478	6,698	6,597	7,619	7,400	7,203	6,990	6,923	6,723
Slack work or business conditions	4,738	4,059	3,931	4,807	4,548	4,232	4,088	4,155	3,992
Could only find part-time work	2,494	2,394	2,380	2,484	2,507	2,585	2,537	2,400	2,397
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	19,320	19,935	20,519	18,593	19,250	19,098	19,167	19,319	19,616
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	144,775	147,936	147,666	144,443	146,352	146,368	146,600	147,283	147,287
16 to 19 years	4,315	4,637	4,569	4,523	4,501	4,457	4,502	4,768	4,746
16 to 17 years	1,519	1,657	1,629	1,555	1,494	1,475	1,499	1,607	1,661
18 to 19 years	2,796	2,980	2,939	2,917	3,030	2,998	3,003	3,139	3,055
20 years and over	140,460	143,299	143,098	139,920	141,851	141,912	142,099	142,516	142,541
20 to 24 years	13,789	14,144	14,007	13,733	13,976	13,893	13,821	14,083	13,936
25 years and over	126,671	129,155	129,090	126,232	127,827	128,022	128,242	128,541	128,678
25 to 54 years	94,953	96,262	96,191	94,562	95,365	95,617	95,607	95,782	95,864
25 to 34 years	31,652	32,396	32,490	31,430	31,885	31,986	32,058	32,217	32,261
35 to 44 years	30,814	31,162	31,131	30,682	30,843	30,945	31,033	30,999	31,025
45 to 54 years	32,487	32,705	32,569	32,450	32,637	32,685	32,516	32,566	32,578
55 years and over	31,718	32,893	32,900	31,670	32,462	32,405	32,635	32,760	32,814
Men, 16 years and over	76,726	78,696	78,208	76,560	77,866	77,843	78,102	78,321	78,053
16 to 19 years	2,040	2,297	2,286	2,188	2,212	2,179	2,192	2,365	2,403
16 to 17 years	693	784	811	752	700	702	730	771	853
18 to 19 years	1,348	1,513	1,474	1,421	1,514	1,496	1,460	1,581	1,558
20 years and over	74,686	76,399	75,922	74,373	75,654	75,664	75,910	75,956	75,650
20 to 24 years	7,101	7,353	7,156	7,045	7,250	7,237	7,199	7,326	7,117
25 years and over	67,585	69,045	68,766	67,345	68,357	68,464	68,706	68,684	68,585
25 to 54 years	50,794	51,610	51,419	50,591	51,178	51,255	51,403	51,336	51,282
25 to 34 years	17,117	17,494	17,449	16,953	17,306	17,322	17,356	17,351	17,318
35 to 44 years	16,635	16,899	16,850	16,563	16,713	16,731	16,814	16,818	16,794
45 to 54 years	17,042	17,217	17,120	17,075	17,159	17,203	17,233	17,167	17,170
55 years and over	16,790	17,435	17,346	16,755	17,179	17,208	17,303	17,348	17,303
Women, 16 years and over	68,049	69,240	69,459	67,882	68,486	68,525	68,499	68,962	69,234
16 to 19 years	2,275	2,340	2,283	2,335	2,289	2,278	2,310	2,403	2,343
16 to 17 years	826	872	818	803	795	773	769	836	807
18 to 19 years	1,448	1,468	1,465	1,497	1,517	1,502	1,543	1,558	1,497
20 years and over	65,775	66,900	67,176	65,547	66,197	66,247	66,189	66,559	66,891
20 to 24 years	6,688	6,790	6,852	6,688	6,726	6,656	6,622	6,757	6,820
25 years and over	59,086	60,110	60,324	58,887	59,469	59,558	59,536	59,858	60,093
25 to 54 years	44,159	44,653	44,771	43,971	44,186	44,361	44,204	44,445	44,582
25 to 34 years	14,535	14,902	15,041	14,477	14,578	14,664	14,701	14,866	14,943
35 to 44 years	14,179	14,263	14,282	14,118	14,130	14,214	14,219	14,181	14,231
45 to 54 years	15,445	15,488	15,448	15,376	15,478	15,483	15,284	15,398	15,408
55 years and over	14,927	15,457	15,553	14,916	15,283	15,197	15,332	15,412	15,511
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	44,480	44,624	44,482	44,162	44,331	44,273	44,261	44,339	44,229
Married women, spouse present	34,695	34,995	35,108	34,366	34,598	34,720	34,805	34,877	34,818
Women who maintain families	9,184	9,483	9,385	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(1)	116,875	120,176	119,441	116,951	118,489	118,616	119,287	119,632	119,482
Part-time workers(2)	27,900	27,760	28,225	27,461	28,070	27,743	27,359	27,693	27,770
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	6,973	7,773	7,549	6,880	6,939	7,070	7,140	7,715	7,422
Percent of total employed	4.8	5.3	5.1	4.8	4.7	4.8	4.9	5.2	5.0
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	5,330	5,507	5,585	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,343	9,715	9,640	9,327	9,133	9,181	9,470	9,720	9,550
Footnotes (1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	10,841	8,995	9,110	7.0	6.2	6.1	5.9	5.8	5.8
16 to 19 years	1,190	1,087	1,019	20.8	20.2	19.6	20.0	18.6	17.7
16 to 17 years	479	459	359	23.6	23.1	23.7	20.9	22.2	17.8
18 to 19 years	701	634	657	19.4	18.8	17.8	19.8	16.8	17.7
20 years and over	9,651	7,909	8,091	6.5	5.7	5.7	5.4	5.3	5.4
20 to 24 years	1,808	1,654	1,711	11.6	11.3	10.6	11.4	10.5	10.9
25 years and over	7,840	6,300	6,389	5.8	5.0	5.1	4.7	4.7	4.7
25 to 54 years	6,198	4,925	4,864	6.2	5.2	5.3	4.9	4.9	4.8
25 to 34 years	2,507	2,126	2,078	7.4	6.6	6.9	6.2	6.2	6.1
35 to 44 years	1,833	1,439	1,410	5.6	4.8	4.8	4.3	4.4	4.3
45 to 54 years	1,858	1,360	1,376	5.4	4.2	4.3	4.1	4.0	4.1
55 years and over	1,619	1,384	1,530	4.9	4.5	4.6	3.9	4.1	4.5
Men, 16 years and over	5,993	4,638	4,874	7.3	6.2	6.2	5.9	5.6	5.9
16 to 19 years	666	562	521	23.3	22.0	21.4	22.0	19.2	17.8
16 to 17 years	247	259	215	24.7	25.7	25.5	21.4	25.2	20.1
18 to 19 years	416	312	312	22.7	20.5	19.9	22.3	16.5	16.7
20 years and over	5,328	4,076	4,353	6.7	5.7	5.7	5.3	5.1	5.4
20 to 24 years	991	842	953	12.3	12.5	11.5	12.6	10.3	11.8
25 years and over	4,337	3,251	3,414	6.1	4.9	5.0	4.4	4.5	4.7
25 to 54 years	3,411	2,484	2,572	6.3	5.1	5.3	4.6	4.6	4.8
25 to 34 years	1,371	1,106	1,110	7.5	6.5	6.6	5.7	6.0	6.0
35 to 44 years	1,027	720	725	5.8	4.8	4.9	3.9	4.1	4.1
45 to 54 years	1,012	658	737	5.6	3.8	4.3	4.0	3.7	4.1
55 years and over	927	767	842	5.2	4.3	4.4	4.0	4.2	4.6
Women, 16 years and over	4,848	4,358	4,236	6.7	6.2	6.1	6.0	5.9	5.8
16 to 19 years	525	525	498	18.3	18.3	17.8	18.0	17.9	17.5
16 to 17 years	233	199	144	22.5	20.6	22.0	20.3	19.2	15.2
18 to 19 years	285	322	345	16.0	17.1	15.6	17.3	17.1	18.7
20 years and over	4,323	3,833	3,738	6.2	5.7	5.7	5.5	5.4	5.3
20 to 24 years	817	812	758	10.9	9.8	9.6	10.2	10.7	10.0
25 years and over	3,503	3,050	2,975	5.6	5.2	5.2	4.9	4.8	4.7
25 to 54 years	2,787	2,441	2,292	6.0	5.4	5.4	5.3	5.2	4.9
25 to 34 years	1,136	1,020	967	7.3	6.6	7.2	6.6	6.4	6.1
35 to 44 years	806	719	685	5.4	4.8	4.7	4.9	4.8	4.6
45 to 54 years	846	701	640	5.2	4.6	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.0
55 years and over	739	595	691	4.7	4.6	4.7	3.9	3.7	4.3
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	1,916	1,360	1,449	4.2	3.4	3.3	2.9	3.0	3.2
Married women, spouse present	1,605	1,298	1,259	4.5	4.0	3.7	3.7	3.6	3.5
Women who maintain families(1)	982	904	843	9.7	9.1	9.3	8.3	8.7	8.2
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(2)	9,176	7,538	7,612	7.3	6.4	6.3	6.0	5.9	6.0
Part-time workers(3)	1,631	1,462	1,500	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.7	5.0	5.1
Footnotes (1) Not seasonally adjusted. (2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	5,400	3,995	4,182	5,731	4,859	4,836	4,530	4,358	4,483
On temporary layoff	912	593	876	1,128	996	1,085	925	865	1,064
Not on temporary layoff	4,488	3,402	3,306	4,603	3,863	3,752	3,606	3,493	3,419
Permanent job losers	3,329	2,458	2,365	3,428	2,718	2,653	2,665	2,492	2,454
Persons who completed temporary jobs	1,160	944	941	1,174	1,145	1,098	940	1,001	965
Job leavers	874	803	830	890	862	860	829	794	838
Reentrants	2,935	2,863	2,656	3,065	2,848	2,845	2,809	2,871	2,773
New entrants	1,062	1,019	962	1,169	1,087	1,066	1,105	1,063	1,064
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	52.6	46.0	48.5	52.8	50.3	50.3	48.9	48.0	49.0
On temporary layoff	8.9	6.8	10.2	10.4	10.3	11.3	10.0	9.5	11.6
Not on temporary layoff	43.7	39.2	38.3	42.4	40.0	39.1	38.9	38.4	37.3
Job leavers	8.5	9.3	9.6	8.2	8.9	9.0	8.9	8.7	9.1
Reentrants	28.6	33.0	30.8	28.2	29.5	29.6	30.3	31.6	30.3
New entrants	10.3	11.7	11.2	10.8	11.3	11.1	11.9	11.7	11.6
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	3.5	2.6	2.7	3.7	3.1	3.1	2.9	2.8	2.9
Job leavers	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.5
Reentrants	1.9	1.8	1.7	2.0	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8
New entrants	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,155	2,283	2,231	2,439	2,587	2,609	2,383	2,473	2,529
5 to 14 weeks	2,449	2,146	2,256	2,585	2,431	2,449	2,508	2,312	2,390
15 weeks and over	5,666	4,251	4,144	5,786	4,566	4,450	4,371	4,332	4,247
15 to 26 weeks	1,677	1,413	1,374	1,742	1,412	1,486	1,416	1,417	1,431
27 weeks and over	3,989	2,838	2,770	4,044	3,155	2,963	2,954	2,916	2,815
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	37.9	33.8	34.1	37.1	32.4	31.7	31.5	32.7	33.0
Median duration, in weeks	18.0	14.0	13.6	17.0	13.3	13.2	13.3	13.7	12.8
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	21.0	26.3	25.8	22.6	27.0	27.4	25.7	27.1	27.6
5 to 14 weeks	23.8	24.7	26.1	23.9	25.4	25.8	27.1	25.4	26.1
15 weeks and over	55.2	49.0	48.0	53.5	47.6	46.8	47.2	47.5	46.3
15 to 26 weeks	16.3	16.3	15.9	16.1	14.7	15.6	15.3	15.5	15.6
27 weeks and over	38.8	32.7	32.1	37.4	32.9	31.2	31.9	32.0	30.7
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014
Total, 16 years and over(1)	144,775	147,666	10,271	8,630	6.6	5.5
Management, professional, and related occupations	55,583	57,110	1,749	1,656	3.1	2.8
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	23,065	23,207	770	654	3.2	2.7
Professional and related occupations	32,518	33,904	980	1,002	2.9	2.9
Service occupations	25,675	26,131	2,177	1,909	7.8	6.8
Sales and office occupations	33,349	33,136	2,436	1,857	6.8	5.3
Sales and related occupations	15,683	15,656	1,173	880	7.0	5.3
Office and administrative support occupations	17,667	17,480	1,263	977	6.7	5.3
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13,092	13,699	1,224	1,049	8.6	7.1
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	940	1,017	127	157	11.9	13.4
Construction and extraction occupations	7,218	7,823	826	698	10.3	8.2
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,935	4,859	271	194	5.2	3.8
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	17,075	17,590	1,576	1,158	8.5	6.2
Production occupations	8,474	8,478	728	581	7.9	6.4
Transportation and material moving occupations	8,602	9,112	848	577	9.0	6.0
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014
Total, 16 years and over(1)	10,271	8,630	6.6	5.5
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	7,882	6,413	6.5	5.2
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	32	5.9	2.8
Construction	706	629	8.6	7.5
Manufacturing	984	640	6.2	4.2
Durable goods	617	416	6.2	4.4
Nondurable goods	368	224	6.4	4.0
Wholesale and retail trade	1,423	1,010	7.0	4.9
Transportation and utilities	410	314	6.7	5.0
Information	176	159	6.4	5.6
Financial activities	407	325	4.3	3.5
Professional and business services	1,164	944	7.5	6.1
Education and health services	890	924	3.9	4.0
Leisure and hospitality	1,212	1,128	9.0	8.2
Other services	443	308	6.8	4.7
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	131	193	9.7	11.2
Government workers	666	622	3.2	3.0
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	530	440	5.3	4.3
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2013	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	July 2014	Aug. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	3.7	2.7	2.7	3.7	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.7
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	3.5	2.6	2.7	3.7	3.1	3.1	2.9	2.8	2.9
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	6.6	5.5	5.5	7.0	6.2	6.1	5.9	5.8	5.8
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	7.1	6.0	5.9	7.4	6.6	6.6	6.4	6.2	6.2
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	7.9	6.8	6.8	8.2	7.5	7.4	7.3	7.1	7.1
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	12.7	11.1	11.0	13.1	12.2	12.0	11.8	11.5	11.4
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014	Nov. 2013	Nov. 2014
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	91,521	92,547	36,614	37,373	54,907	55,175
Persons who currently want a job	5,437	6,227	2,562	3,025	2,874	3,202
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	2,096	2,109	1,080	1,153	1,016	956
Discouraged workers(2)	762	698	471	433	290	265
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,334	1,412	609	721	726	691
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	6,973	7,549	3,387	3,657	3,586	3,892
Percent of total employed	4.8	5.1	4.4	4.7	5.3	5.6
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	3,575	4,019	1,960	2,223	1,615	1,796
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	2,043	2,127	694	684	1,349	1,442
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	212	208	128	117	84	91
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,117	1,147	592	602	524	546
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)	Change from: Oct.2014 - Nov.2014(p)
Total nonfarm	138,536	139,753	140,804	141,301	137,311	139,481	139,724	140,045	321
Total private	116,196	117,937	118,488	118,868	115,455	117,562	117,798	118,112	314
Goods-producing	18,928	19,489	19,483	19,393	18,824	19,176	19,204	19,252	48
Mining and logging	881	939	935	929	882	925	926	926	0
Logging	56.7	58.1	58.4	57.6	55.2	55.3	55.7	56.4	0.7
Mining	824.7	880.5	876.9	871.8	826.7	870.0	870.3	869.1	-1.2
Oil and gas extraction	202.6	212.9	215.2	214.8	203.1	213.1	215.0	215.2	0.2
Mining, except oil and gas(1)	211.5	216.5	215.0	211.2	211.8	211.6	211.1	209.4	-1.7
Coal mining	79.2	78.3	77.2	75.6	80.2	77.9	77.1	75.9	-1.2
Support activities for mining	410.6	451.1	446.7	445.8	411.8	445.3	444.2	444.5	0.3
Construction	5,996	6,320	6,319	6,227	5,896	6,082	6,089	6,109	20
Construction of buildings	1,331.5	1,408.5	1,408.2	1,390.6	1,312.6	1,373.8	1,368.4	1,369.4	1.0
Residential building	639.5	697.0	693.9	687.4	630.0	677.5	673.9	677.3	3.4
Nonresidential building	692.0	711.5	714.3	703.2	682.6	696.3	694.5	692.1	-2.4
Heavy and civil engineering construction	919.8	990.1	989.1	955.2	889.8	921.2	924.3	923.0	-1.3
Specialty trade contractors	3,744.2	3,920.9	3,921.6	3,881.4	3,694.0	3,787.0	3,796.3	3,816.9	20.6
Residential specialty trade contractors	1,601.3	1,694.1	1,700.7	1,681.0	1,579.7	1,632.3	1,641.9	1,655.2	13.3
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,142.9	2,226.8	2,220.9	2,200.4	2,114.3	2,154.7	2,154.4	2,161.7	7.3
Manufacturing	12,051	12,230	12,229	12,237	12,046	12,169	12,189	12,217	28
Durable goods	7,583	7,718	7,732	7,749	7,581	7,704	7,722	7,739	17
Wood products	358.5	373.6	373.8	374.3	357.8	371.1	372.3	373.6	1.3
Nonmetallic mineral products	383.2	398.5	398.5	398.9	380.4	391.7	392.6	394.2	1.6
Primary metals	393.1	403.9	404.5	405.2	394.3	403.1	403.9	405.5	1.6
Fabricated metal products	1,444.8	1,462.5	1,468.1	1,469.2	1,443.8	1,459.8	1,464.2	1,466.4	2.2
Machinery	1,105.5	1,130.6	1,137.2	1,137.6	1,107.4	1,133.5	1,137.3	1,139.4	2.1
Computer and electronic products(1)	1,062.3	1,057.8	1,058.0	1,061.4	1,063.2	1,057.6	1,059.7	1,060.6	0.9
Computer and peripheral equipment	160.1	169.3	169.7	171.8	160.1	169.1	170.1	171.4	1.3
Communications equipment	100.4	96.8	96.2	97.0	100.3	97.0	96.5	97.0	0.5
Semiconductors and electronic components	373.1	367.0	367.9	368.1	373.6	366.8	368.3	367.7	-0.6
Electronic instruments	390.3	385.9	385.5	385.6	391.4	386.0	386.0	385.7	-0.3
Electrical equipment and appliances	374.2	372.9	372.1	373.7	374.5	373.4	372.2	373.4	1.2
Transportation equipment(1)	1,515.8	1,562.3	1,560.4	1,566.0	1,515.7	1,559.5	1,561.3	1,564.6	3.3
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	838.8	873.5	874.0	878.0	838.4	870.8	872.8	875.8	3.0
Furniture and related products	361.9	374.6	374.6	377.0	364.1	373.1	376.5	378.3	1.8
Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing	583.5	581.2	584.3	585.8	580.1	581.0	581.8	582.7	0.9
Nondurable goods	4,468	4,512	4,497	4,488	4,465	4,465	4,467	4,478	11
Food manufacturing	1,483.4	1,505.1	1,489.8	1,479.2	1,478.7	1,471.2	1,469.4	1,473.0	3.6
Textile mills	117.1	117.4	116.9	116.8	116.6	116.9	116.7	116.8	0.1
Textile product mills	113.6	112.9	113.2	113.3	113.0	112.3	112.5	112.0	-0.5
Apparel	140.2	132.8	132.2	130.8	139.7	131.8	131.3	130.6	-0.7
Paper and paper products	376.6	370.3	370.8	370.9	377.5	370.9	371.4	371.2	-0.2
Printing and related support activities	445.0	439.6	438.8	441.9	443.7	440.1	438.5	440.5	2.0
Petroleum and coal products	111.1	115.6	115.3	113.4	110.9	113.6	113.2	112.9	-0.3
Chemicals	791.2	806.0	807.6	806.4	794.4	805.7	807.8	806.0	-1.8
Plastics and rubber products	656.6	666.3	668.3	674.3	658.6	664.9	668.7	675.8	7.1
Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing	233.0	245.6	244.1	240.6	232.2	237.4	237.9	239.3	1.4
Private service-providing	97,268	98,448	99,005	99,475	96,631	98,386	98,594	98,860	266
Trade, transportation, and utilities	26,600	26,416	26,639	27,126	26,090	26,506	26,562	26,633	71
Wholesale trade	5,798.6	5,889.1	5,903.8	5,904.0	5,785.8	5,884.0	5,890.1	5,892.6	2.5
Durable goods	2,897.4	2,946.4	2,956.6	2,952.5	2,894.0	2,946.0	2,951.1	2,952.6	1.5
Nondurable goods	1,998.0	2,024.5	2,026.8	2,030.7	1,990.9	2,020.2	2,020.6	2,022.0	1.4
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	903.2	918.2	920.4	920.8	900.9	917.8	918.4	918.0	-0.4
Retail trade	15,645.5	15,298.9	15,471.6	15,906.1	15,209.7	15,415.3	15,449.5	15,499.7	50.2
Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)	1,815.1	1,880.0	1,878.8	1,881.0	1,816.6	1,867.1	1,872.3	1,882.8	10.5
Automobile dealers	1,152.4	1,190.2	1,194.0	1,197.3	1,152.6	1,184.4	1,190.6	1,198.3	7.7
Furniture and home furnishings stores	465.7	452.2	463.4	476.4	445.7	458.7	458.2	459.0	0.8
Electronics and appliance stores	542.9	499.2	513.6	536.5	513.3	509.7	506.6	506.2	-0.4
Building material and garden supply stores	1,198.8	1,220.5	1,216.4	1,213.6	1,224.8	1,233.9	1,234.3	1,237.5	3.2
Food and beverage stores	2,986.3	3,014.6	3,031.9	3,055.9	2,960.5	3,019.9	3,028.5	3,034.2	5.7
Health and personal care stores	1,032.4	1,014.5	1,026.9	1,042.1	1,018.9	1,020.7	1,023.3	1,028.0	4.7
Gasoline stations	875.0	884.3	884.6	888.3	872.8	879.7	883.0	885.8	2.8
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,518.6	1,355.5	1,377.8	1,499.4	1,388.9	1,389.0	1,384.9	1,396.2	11.3
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	653.8	589.7	603.2	650.8	609.5	595.0	599.2	607.8	8.6
General merchandise stores(1)	3,252.8	3,080.4	3,128.3	3,304.4	3,099.6	3,135.1	3,144.3	3,145.5	1.2
Department stores	1,449.8	1,299.1	1,321.5	1,436.2	1,347.2	1,336.2	1,334.9	1,330.5	-4.4
Miscellaneous store retailers	805.2	816.7	835.4	819.9	792.8	809.2	812.6	808.0	-4.6
Nonstore retailers	498.9	491.3	511.3	537.8	466.3	497.3	502.3	508.7	6.4
Transportation and warehousing	4,604.5	4,675.1	4,708.8	4,760.8	4,542.1	4,652.6	4,667.9	4,684.6	16.7
Air transportation	448.7	456.5	459.1	458.8	450.4	456.5	460.3	460.5	0.2
Rail transportation	233.1	240.9	241.6	242.5	232.6	240.9	240.8	242.0	1.2
Water transportation	65.5	68.6	67.7	67.2	66.1	67.7	66.9	68.0	1.1
Truck transportation	1,397.1	1,436.8	1,438.6	1,434.2	1,387.8	1,415.9	1,419.8	1,422.8	3.0
Transit and ground passenger transportation	469.2	472.4	479.7	480.9	452.1	461.0	461.1	463.1	2.0
Pipeline transportation	44.6	45.6	45.6	45.8	44.9	45.5	45.7	45.8	0.1
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	25.4	34.1	30.5	25.5	28.5	29.3	29.8	29.7	-0.1
Support activities for transportation	597.9	613.2	621.6	621.1	597.4	615.0	617.6	620.3	2.7
Couriers and messengers	583.4	560.8	571.8	622.6	560.9	577.8	582.0	586.7	4.7
Warehousing and storage	739.6	746.2	752.6	762.2	721.4	743.0	743.9	745.7	1.8
Utilities	551.1	553.1	554.3	555.0	552.6	554.0	554.4	555.8	1.4
Information	2,699	2,683	2,688	2,708	2,689	2,692	2,687	2,691	4
Publishing industries, except Internet	733.6	727.1	725.7	729.0	731.2	726.3	724.4	726.3	1.9
Motion picture and sound recording industries	351.1	299.6	304.3	310.7	346.8	307.4	306.7	301.7	-5.0
Broadcasting, except Internet	288.6	295.6	293.2	294.4	287.2	294.3	292.2	292.8	0.6
Telecommunications	858.3	870.7	868.7	874.9	856.0	872.4	869.5	871.8	2.3
Data processing, hosting and related services	268.2	274.5	277.1	277.9	268.5	275.3	276.5	277.7	1.2
Other information services	199.3	215.9	218.8	221.5	199.2	216.6	217.8	220.5	2.7
Financial activities	7,897	7,992	7,999	8,013	7,899	7,987	7,993	8,013	20
Finance and insurance	5,888.8	5,919.7	5,933.2	5,958.4	5,881.3	5,927.9	5,932.8	5,947.5	14.7
Monetary authorities - central bank	18.6	18.2	18.2	18.2	18.2	18.1	18.1	18.0	-0.1
Credit intermediation and related activities(1)	2,603.8	2,571.2	2,569.1	2,577.1	2,601.1	2,573.1	2,570.4	2,573.8	3.4
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,717.0	1,692.4	1,691.2	1,693.9	1,719.0	1,697.0	1,693.4	1,695.2	1.8
Commercial banking	1,292.4	1,265.5	1,263.9	1,266.3	1,294.3	1,269.1	1,265.9	1,266.8	0.9
Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts	866.1	880.4	886.7	888.9	865.6	884.2	888.2	889.5	1.3
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,400.3	2,449.9	2,459.2	2,474.2	2,396.4	2,452.5	2,456.1	2,466.2	10.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,007.8	2,072.3	2,065.7	2,054.4	2,017.7	2,058.7	2,059.7	2,065.2	5.5
Real estate	1,465.1	1,493.6	1,490.6	1,488.2	1,470.1	1,487.4	1,487.3	1,492.9	5.6
Rental and leasing services	519.9	556.7	553.0	544.0	525.1	549.4	550.3	550.1	-0.2
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	22.8	22.0	22.1	22.2	22.5	21.9	22.1	22.2	0.1
Professional and business services	18,975	19,453	19,602	19,663	18,826	19,384	19,436	19,522	86
Professional and technical services(1)	8,209.3	8,325.6	8,415.2	8,470.5	8,218.4	8,412.1	8,438.9	8,476.4	37.5
Legal services	1,137.7	1,127.3	1,134.7	1,135.1	1,135.6	1,133.8	1,133.7	1,133.7	0.0
Accounting and bookkeeping services	899.7	893.6	910.6	938.6	946.0	968.1	973.5	989.9	16.4
Architectural and engineering services	1,373.2	1,423.2	1,428.9	1,429.9	1,370.6	1,416.8	1,420.6	1,425.1	4.5
Computer systems design and related services	1,731.5	1,762.0	1,785.5	1,795.4	1,722.4	1,770.3	1,777.7	1,784.2	6.5
Management and technical consulting services	1,207.7	1,246.7	1,263.8	1,272.4	1,197.7	1,247.8	1,253.8	1,261.1	7.3
Management of companies and enterprises	2,109.5	2,138.9	2,139.9	2,147.8	2,107.5	2,141.4	2,141.1	2,147.9	6.8
Administrative and waste services	8,656.0	8,988.2	9,046.8	9,044.9	8,500.3	8,830.5	8,855.9	8,897.6	41.7
Administrative and support services(1)	8,281.2	8,602.3	8,663.6	8,663.1	8,125.0	8,448.4	8,474.9	8,515.5	40.6
Employment services(1)	3,543.6	3,735.9	3,800.3	3,826.0	3,427.9	3,657.5	3,686.2	3,714.6	28.4
Temporary help services	2,843.8	3,004.7	3,050.8	3,077.1	2,741.6	2,933.0	2,952.5	2,975.2	22.7
Business support services	883.5	867.4	882.3	892.3	864.3	869.6	869.5	871.8	2.3
Services to buildings and dwellings	1,917.5	2,015.4	1,991.1	1,950.7	1,905.4	1,948.3	1,944.8	1,942.4	-2.4
Waste management and remediation services	374.8	385.9	383.2	381.8	375.3	382.1	381.0	382.1	1.1
Education and health services	21,488	21,511	21,825	21,914	21,237	21,591	21,628	21,666	38
Educational services	3,551.9	3,367.4	3,576.3	3,605.9	3,362.6	3,420.9	3,425.9	3,426.5	0.6
Health care and social assistance	17,935.7	18,144.0	18,248.9	18,308.0	17,874.1	18,170.3	18,201.8	18,239.0	37.2
Health care(3)	14,635.2	14,794.0	14,866.2	14,908.1	14,602.4	14,806.3	14,834.7	14,863.6	28.9
Ambulatory health care services(1)	6,583.8	6,717.7	6,769.3	6,800.5	6,565.8	6,725.7	6,749.7	6,774.0	24.3
Offices of physicians	2,464.6	2,502.2	2,515.9	2,526.0	2,456.8	2,506.9	2,510.4	2,517.0	6.6
Outpatient care centers	697.7	722.5	727.5	732.2	697.6	724.8	726.4	730.3	3.9
Home health care services	1,271.2	1,297.3	1,311.3	1,317.0	1,266.1	1,295.9	1,304.2	1,309.2	5.0
Hospitals	4,806.8	4,819.4	4,829.8	4,838.8	4,797.5	4,820.0	4,821.7	4,826.0	4.3
Nursing and residential care facilities(1)	3,244.6	3,256.9	3,267.1	3,268.8	3,239.1	3,260.6	3,263.3	3,263.6	0.3
Nursing care facilities	1,651.8	1,651.4	1,652.1	1,651.7	1,649.3	1,651.5	1,649.9	1,648.6	-1.3
Social assistance(1)	3,300.5	3,350.0	3,382.7	3,399.9	3,271.7	3,364.0	3,367.1	3,375.4	8.3
Child day care services	866.0	866.1	883.8	891.3	849.7	865.2	868.5	872.3	3.8
Leisure and hospitality	14,148	14,885	14,727	14,522	14,417	14,707	14,762	14,794	32
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1,915.8	2,153.0	2,084.5	1,966.9	2,075.6	2,105.5	2,122.3	2,127.7	5.4
Performing arts and spectator sports	421.7	463.4	459.7	436.5	435.8	449.4	455.1	453.5	-1.6
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	137.2	142.6	141.7	137.0	142.3	141.2	141.6	141.7	0.1
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,356.9	1,547.0	1,483.1	1,393.4	1,497.5	1,514.9	1,525.6	1,532.5	6.9
Accommodation and food services	12,232.4	12,732.1	12,642.6	12,554.7	12,341.0	12,601.9	12,639.4	12,666.7	27.3
Accommodation	1,808.2	1,916.9	1,862.4	1,808.5	1,865.8	1,872.6	1,869.9	1,870.7	0.8
Food services and drinking places	10,424.2	10,815.2	10,780.2	10,746.2	10,475.2	10,729.3	10,769.5	10,796.0	26.5
Other services	5,461	5,508	5,525	5,529	5,473	5,519	5,526	5,541	15
Repair and maintenance	1,202.4	1,222.6	1,220.8	1,219.5	1,206.5	1,217.8	1,216.5	1,222.5	6.0
Personal and laundry services	1,347.9	1,368.6	1,370.9	1,375.5	1,348.8	1,368.8	1,373.4	1,378.7	5.3
Membership associations and organizations	2,910.5	2,916.7	2,933.3	2,933.6	2,917.2	2,932.1	2,935.9	2,939.3	3.4
Government	22,340	21,816	22,316	22,433	21,856	21,919	21,926	21,933	7
Federal	2,730.0	2,720.0	2,715.0	2,717.0	2,739.0	2,716.0	2,714.0	2,719.0	5.0
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,139.3	2,129.5	2,124.0	2,123.6	2,147.6	2,123.5	2,124.2	2,125.3	1.1
U.S. Postal Service	590.4	590.8	590.6	593.7	591.5	592.6	589.5	593.5	4.0
State government	5,241.0	5,095.0	5,245.0	5,264.0	5,060.0	5,070.0	5,077.0	5,080.0	3.0
State government education	2,595.0	2,443.8	2,593.3	2,618.4	2,404.7	2,413.8	2,418.5	2,423.9	5.4
State government, excluding education	2,645.8	2,651.1	2,651.2	2,645.9	2,655.6	2,656.3	2,658.1	2,655.7	-2.4
Local government	14,369.0	14,001.0	14,356.0	14,452.0	14,057.0	14,133.0	14,135.0	14,134.0	-1.0
Local government education	8,140.8	7,699.9	8,077.6	8,170.9	7,780.8	7,823.9	7,815.8	7,813.3	-2.5
Local government, excluding education	6,227.7	6,301.5	6,278.4	6,281.0	6,276.4	6,309.2	6,318.9	6,321.1	2.2
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.5	34.5	34.5	34.6
Goods-producing	40.6	40.5	40.6	40.7
Mining and logging	44.6	44.5	45.0	45.0
Construction	39.2	39.0	39.2	39.1
Manufacturing	41.0	40.9	40.9	41.1
Durable goods	41.5	41.5	41.4	41.6
Nondurable goods	40.1	40.0	40.0	40.3
Private service-providing	33.3	33.4	33.4	33.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.4	34.6	34.6	34.7
Wholesale trade	38.9	39.0	38.8	38.9
Retail trade	31.2	31.4	31.4	31.5
Transportation and warehousing	38.7	38.6	38.7	38.8
Utilities	42.0	42.2	42.7	42.7
Information	36.8	36.7	36.8	36.8
Financial activities	37.2	37.3	37.3	37.3
Professional and business services	36.2	36.2	36.2	36.1
Education and health services	32.7	32.8	32.8	32.8
Leisure and hospitality	26.0	26.2	26.2	26.2
Other services	31.7	31.8	31.8	31.8
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.4	3.5	3.4	3.5
Durable goods	3.5	3.6	3.5	3.5
Nondurable goods	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)
Total private	$24.15	$24.54	$24.57	$24.66	$833.18	$846.63	$847.67	$853.24
Goods-producing	25.38	25.78	25.85	25.88	1,030.43	1,044.09	1,049.51	1,053.32
Mining and logging	30.50	30.98	30.99	30.90	1,360.30	1,378.61	1,394.55	1,390.50
Construction	26.23	26.83	26.87	26.93	1,028.22	1,046.37	1,053.30	1,052.96
Manufacturing	24.58	24.85	24.94	24.96	1,007.78	1,016.37	1,020.05	1,025.86
Durable goods	25.98	26.17	26.25	26.25	1,078.17	1,086.06	1,086.75	1,092.00
Nondurable goods	22.12	22.48	22.59	22.67	887.01	899.20	903.60	913.60
Private service-providing	23.86	24.24	24.27	24.37	794.54	809.62	810.62	813.96
Trade, transportation, and utilities	21.17	21.44	21.46	21.52	728.25	741.82	742.52	746.74
Wholesale trade	27.96	28.11	28.12	28.28	1,087.64	1,096.29	1,091.06	1,100.09
Retail trade	16.71	17.05	17.09	17.13	521.35	535.37	536.63	539.60
Transportation and warehousing	22.65	22.90	22.89	22.90	876.56	883.94	885.84	888.52
Utilities	35.13	35.60	35.80	36.09	1,475.46	1,502.32	1,528.66	1,541.04
Information	33.43	34.30	34.09	34.48	1,230.22	1,258.81	1,254.51	1,268.86
Financial activities	30.32	30.95	30.92	31.16	1,127.90	1,154.44	1,153.32	1,162.27
Professional and business services	28.73	29.29	29.32	29.42	1,040.03	1,060.30	1,061.38	1,062.06
Education and health services	24.57	24.77	24.84	24.94	803.44	812.46	814.75	818.03
Leisure and hospitality	13.59	14.00	14.07	14.10	353.34	366.80	368.63	369.42
Other services	21.65	22.00	22.04	22.12	686.31	699.60	700.87	703.42
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2014 - Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2014 - Nov. 2014(p)
Total private	99.6	101.4	101.6	102.2	0.6	114.8	118.7	119.1	120.2	0.9
Goods-producing	87.1	88.5	88.8	89.3	0.6	99.9	103.1	103.8	104.4	0.6
Mining and logging	123.6	129.3	130.9	130.9	0.0	151.4	160.9	162.9	162.4	-0.3
Construction	79.7	81.8	82.3	82.3	0.0	90.8	95.3	96.1	96.3	0.2
Manufacturing	88.9	89.5	89.7	90.3	0.7	101.6	103.5	104.0	104.9	0.9
Durable goods	88.6	90.0	90.0	90.6	0.7	102.2	104.6	104.9	105.7	0.8
Nondurable goods	89.4	89.1	89.2	90.1	1.0	100.3	101.7	102.2	103.6	1.4
Private service-providing	103.0	105.2	105.4	105.7	0.3	119.1	123.6	124.0	124.9	0.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities	97.6	99.7	100.0	100.5	0.5	111.2	115.1	115.5	116.4	0.8
Wholesale trade	98.2	100.1	99.7	100.0	0.3	114.6	117.5	117.0	118.0	0.9
Retail trade	96.4	98.3	98.5	99.2	0.7	106.5	110.8	111.3	112.3	0.9
Transportation and warehousing	100.6	102.8	103.4	104.0	0.6	115.6	119.4	120.1	120.9	0.7
Utilities	100.4	101.2	102.4	102.7	0.3	116.6	119.0	121.1	122.4	1.1
Information	90.4	90.2	90.3	90.4	0.1	107.6	110.2	109.6	111.0	1.3
Financial activities	96.2	97.6	97.6	97.9	0.3	113.8	117.8	117.8	119.0	1.0
Professional and business services	107.2	110.4	110.7	110.8	0.1	124.8	131.0	131.4	132.1	0.5
Education and health services	111.5	113.7	113.9	114.1	0.2	129.0	132.6	133.2	134.0	0.6
Leisure and hospitality	107.0	109.9	110.4	110.6	0.2	117.3	124.2	125.3	125.8	0.4
Other services	96.1	97.2	97.4	97.6	0.2	118.1	121.4	121.8	122.6	0.7
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)
Total nonfarm	67,906	68,861	68,983	69,091	49.5	49.4	49.4	49.3
Total private	55,426	56,334	56,464	56,564	48.0	47.9	47.9	47.9
Goods-producing	4,136	4,201	4,215	4,218	22.0	21.9	21.9	21.9
Mining and logging	117	124	125	125	13.3	13.4	13.5	13.5
Construction	749	773	777	779	12.7	12.7	12.8	12.8
Manufacturing	3,270	3,304	3,313	3,314	27.1	27.2	27.2	27.1
Durable goods	1,749	1,777	1,785	1,788	23.1	23.1	23.1	23.1
Nondurable goods	1,521	1,527	1,528	1,526	34.1	34.2	34.2	34.1
Private service-providing	51,290	52,133	52,249	52,346	53.1	53.0	53.0	52.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10,595	10,723	10,745	10,762	40.6	40.5	40.5	40.4
Wholesale trade	1,718.2	1,729.2	1,729.5	1,726.0	29.7	29.4	29.4	29.3
Retail trade	7,669.9	7,762.5	7,778.8	7,802.5	50.4	50.4	50.3	50.3
Transportation and warehousing	1,070.9	1,097.4	1,103.3	1,099.7	23.6	23.6	23.6	23.5
Utilities	135.8	133.6	133.3	133.5	24.6	24.1	24.0	24.0
Information	1,077	1,082	1,081	1,084	40.1	40.2	40.2	40.3
Financial activities	4,541	4,568	4,575	4,584	57.5	57.2	57.2	57.2
Professional and business services	8,394	8,643	8,668	8,705	44.6	44.6	44.6	44.6
Education and health services	16,309	16,585	16,618	16,643	76.8	76.8	76.8	76.8
Leisure and hospitality	7,502	7,637	7,662	7,661	52.0	51.9	51.9	51.8
Other services	2,872	2,895	2,900	2,907	52.5	52.5	52.5	52.5
Government	12,480	12,527	12,519	12,527	57.1	57.2	57.1	57.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

[In thousands]

Industry	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)
Total private	95,397	97,105	97,276	97,502
Goods-producing	13,556	13,811	13,826	13,851
Mining and logging	648	674	676	676
Construction	4,466	4,584	4,581	4,588
Manufacturing	8,442	8,553	8,569	8,587
Durable goods	5,209	5,301	5,317	5,321
Nondurable goods	3,233	3,252	3,252	3,266
Private service-providing	81,841	83,294	83,450	83,651
Trade, transportation, and utilities	22,051	22,358	22,394	22,444
Wholesale trade	4,670.8	4,754.0	4,754.5	4,747.0
Retail trade	13,007.9	13,134.9	13,158.6	13,198.2
Transportation and warehousing	3,925.7	4,022.1	4,034.4	4,052.7
Utilities	446.9	447.1	446.6	446.5
Information	2,177	2,185	2,183	2,185
Financial activities	6,082	6,172	6,169	6,179
Professional and business services	15,590	16,065	16,097	16,157
Education and health services	18,646	18,962	18,996	19,028
Leisure and hospitality	12,734	12,961	13,024	13,045
Other services	4,561	4,591	4,587	4,613
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.7	33.7	33.8	33.8
Goods-producing	41.4	41.6	41.7	41.7
Mining and logging	46.1	47.1	47.5	47.6
Construction	39.7	39.7	39.9	39.8
Manufacturing	42.0	42.2	42.1	42.2
Durable goods	42.5	42.6	42.6	42.5
Nondurable goods	41.2	41.4	41.4	41.7
Private service-providing	32.4	32.4	32.5	32.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.6	33.6	33.6	33.6
Wholesale trade	38.8	38.6	38.5	38.6
Retail trade	30.0	30.0	30.0	30.1
Transportation and warehousing	38.5	38.3	38.3	38.4
Utilities	41.5	42.0	42.6	42.6
Information	35.9	36.0	36.3	36.3
Financial activities	36.7	36.7	36.8	36.9
Professional and business services	35.5	35.6	35.6	35.5
Education and health services	32.1	32.0	32.1	32.1
Leisure and hospitality	25.0	25.1	25.1	25.1
Other services	30.8	30.7	30.7	30.7
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	4.5	4.5	4.4	4.5
Durable goods	4.7	4.6	4.6	4.5
Nondurable goods	4.2	4.3	4.2	4.5
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)
Total private	$20.30	$20.67	$20.70	$20.74	$684.11	$696.58	$699.66	$701.01
Goods-producing	21.35	21.66	21.70	21.71	883.89	901.06	904.89	905.31
Mining and logging	27.08	27.20	27.22	27.38	1,248.39	1,281.12	1,292.95	1,303.29
Construction	24.24	24.77	24.81	24.85	962.33	983.37	989.92	989.03
Manufacturing	19.42	19.61	19.63	19.63	815.64	827.54	826.42	828.39
Durable goods	20.48	20.67	20.69	20.67	870.40	880.54	881.39	878.48
Nondurable goods	17.66	17.84	17.87	17.92	727.59	738.58	739.82	747.26
Private service-providing	20.08	20.46	20.49	20.53	650.59	662.90	665.93	667.23
Trade, transportation, and utilities	17.97	18.32	18.36	18.41	603.79	615.55	616.90	618.58
Wholesale trade	22.93	23.28	23.32	23.51	889.68	898.61	897.82	907.49
Retail trade	14.16	14.45	14.49	14.49	424.80	433.50	434.70	436.15
Transportation and warehousing	20.09	20.57	20.58	20.61	773.47	787.83	788.21	791.42
Utilities	32.43	32.80	32.95	33.06	1,345.85	1,377.60	1,403.67	1,408.36
Information	28.23	28.55	28.52	28.66	1,013.46	1,027.80	1,035.28	1,040.36
Financial activities	24.17	24.90	24.91	25.09	887.04	913.83	916.69	925.82
Professional and business services	23.84	24.24	24.25	24.24	846.32	862.94	863.30	860.52
Education and health services	21.46	21.70	21.76	21.81	688.87	694.40	698.50	700.10
Leisure and hospitality	11.83	12.20	12.25	12.27	295.75	306.22	307.48	307.98
Other services	18.23	18.50	18.53	18.59	561.48	567.95	568.87	570.71
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

[2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2014 - Nov. 2014(p)	Nov. 2013	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014(p)	Nov. 2014(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2014 - Nov. 2014(p)
Total private	107.1	109.1	109.6	109.8	0.2	145.3	150.6	151.6	152.2	0.4
Goods-producing	85.8	87.8	88.1	88.3	0.2	112.1	116.5	117.1	117.3	0.2
Mining and logging	158.7	168.7	170.6	171.0	0.2	250.0	266.9	270.1	272.3	0.8
Construction	88.8	91.1	91.5	91.4	-0.1	116.2	121.9	122.6	122.7	0.1
Manufacturing	81.4	82.9	82.8	83.2	0.5	103.4	106.3	106.3	106.8	0.5
Durable goods	83.2	84.9	85.1	85.0	-0.1	106.4	109.5	109.9	109.7	-0.2
Nondurable goods	78.5	79.3	79.3	80.2	1.1	97.9	100.0	100.2	101.6	1.4
Private service-providing	113.0	115.0	115.5	115.8	0.3	155.5	161.3	162.3	163.0	0.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	103.3	104.7	104.9	105.1	0.2	132.4	136.9	137.4	138.1	0.5
Wholesale trade	106.7	108.1	107.8	107.9	0.1	144.2	148.2	148.1	149.4	0.9
Retail trade	98.8	99.7	99.9	100.6	0.7	119.9	123.5	124.1	124.9	0.6
Transportation and warehousing	113.8	116.0	116.3	117.1	0.7	145.0	151.3	151.8	153.2	0.9
Utilities	94.8	96.0	97.3	97.3	0.0	128.4	131.5	133.8	134.2	0.3
Information	89.2	89.8	90.4	90.5	0.1	124.7	126.9	127.7	128.4	0.5
Financial activities	105.1	106.6	106.9	107.3	0.4	156.3	163.4	163.8	165.7	1.2
Professional and business services	124.0	128.2	128.4	128.5	0.1	176.0	184.9	185.3	185.4	0.1
Education and health services	127.8	129.5	130.1	130.4	0.2	180.9	185.4	186.8	187.6	0.4
Leisure and hospitality	116.6	119.2	119.7	119.9	0.2	156.7	165.1	166.6	167.1	0.3
Other services	98.5	98.8	98.8	99.3	0.5	130.9	133.2	133.3	134.5	0.9
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary